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Slot machines. And possible worlds!. Proposition: Something that can be true or false. Alternative definition for proposition: A set of worlds. C: This set of worlds. S: This set of worlds. C ∧ S: The intersection of C and S. Yet another definition for proposition: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Slot machines
And possible worlds!
C S
T T
T F
F T
F F
Proposition: Something that can be true or false
Alternative definition for proposition: A set of worlds
C: This set of worlds
S: This set of worlds
C ∧ S: The intersection of C and S
T
F
T
F
Yet another definition for proposition: A function that maps worlds to truth values
Stalnaker (1978): You presuppose propositions(qua functions from worlds to truth-values)
Something is presupposed if it is in the common ground, i.e. the context set.
But the context set is not a set of propositions;It is a set of possible worlds.
According to Stalnaker, a proposition is presupposed if it is true in every world in the context set (maps every world to T).
A dialogue
What did you get?
Total ignorance: every world is in the context set
Dialogue, cont’d
What did you get?
I got all the same color!
Context set = C
Dialogue, cont’d
What did you get?
I got all the same color!
I got all the same shape, too!
Context set = intersection between C and S
Along comes Mr. Pig…
What did you get?
Total ignorance: every world is in the context set
Why is this dialogue infelicitous?
What did you get?
I got all the same shape, too!