Slide.Bài giảng Microsoft Excel

Bi ging Microsoft Excel

Gii thiu Microsoft Office Excel

L chng trnh x l bng tnh, nm trong b Office ca Microft y l phn mm chuyn dng trong lnh vc bng tnh in t. Cho php ngi dng lu tr v x l d liu, thc hin cc tnh ton v ton hc, hay tnh ton thng k

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Khi ng Excel

C1: Double click chut vo biu tng trn nn mn hnh (Destop). C2: Click tri chut vo biu tng ca Excel trn thanh Microsoft Office Shortcut Bar gc trn bn phi nn mn hnh. C3: Menu Start/Programs/Microsoft Excel

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Ca s lm vic ca Excel

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Gii thiu WorkBook v WorkSheet

Mt tp (tp tin) l mt workbook ca bng tnh Excel. Trong mt workbook c nhiu trang k ging nhau, mi mt trang lm vic l worksheet. Nhng c im ca worksheet + D liu c hiu chnh d dng + Cc php tnh ton c thc hin vi b th vin hm phong ph + C th sp xp, trch lc d liu theo iu kinBigingExcel 5

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c im ca workbook, worksheetTrong mt workbook c nhiu nht l 255 sheet (trang lm vic). Mi sheet c 256 ct (column) v 65536 hng (row) Cc sheet c nh s th t sheet1, sheet2,.. Sheet255. C th t li tn cc sheet theo mun Cc ct c t tn t tri qua phi theo th t A,B,C,.. cho n Z, tip theo l AA,AB,AC,..AZ, BA,BB,BC,..BZ, c nh vy cho n nhm cui cng l IA,IB,IC,.. n IV l 256 ct Cc hng c nh s th t t 1 n 65536 06/08/10 6 BigingExcel

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To tp (tp tin) trng mi (New)

C1: Click tri chut vo biu tng New trn Toolbar. C2: n t hp phm Ctrl+N C3: Vo menu File/New/BlankWorkbook

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M mt tp ghi trn a C1: Click chut vo biu tng Open (Open) trn Toolbar.

C2: n t hp phm Ctrl+O C3: Vo menu File/Open1. Chn ni cha tp 2. Chn tp cn m 3. Bm nt Open m tp Bm nt Cancel hy lnh m tp9

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Ghi tp vo a (Save)

C1: Click chut vo biu tng Save C2: n t hp phm Ctrl+S. C3: Vo menu File/Save.

trn Toolbar.

Nu tp c ghi trc t trc th ln ghi tp hin ti s ghi li s thay i k t ln ghi trc (c cm gic l Excel khng thc hin vic g). Nu tp cha c ghi ln no s xut hin hp thoi Save As, chn ni ghi tp trong khung Save in, g tn tp cn ghi vo khung File name, n nt Save.BigingExcel 10

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Ghi tp vo a vi tn khc (Save Khi As) ghi tp vi 1 tn khc th tp c vn tn ti,tp mi c to ra c cng ni dung vi tp c. Vo menu File/Save As... 1. Chn ni ghi tp 2. G tn mi cho tp 3. Bm nt Save ghi tp Bm nt Cancel hy lnh ghi tp11

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Thot khi Excel (Exit)

C1: n t hp phm Alt+F4 C2: Click tri chut vo nt Close gc trn cng bn phi ca s lm vic ca PowerPoint. C3: Vo menu File/Exit Nu cha ghi tp vo a th xut hin 1 Message Box, chn:

Yes: ghi tp trc khi thot, No: thot khng ghi tp, Cancel: hu lnh thot.BigingExcel 12

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Cc kiu d liu thng c s dKiu ng s, ngy gi, tin t

Kiu chui Kiu cng thc

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Mt s thng bo li

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a ch v min (vng)

a ch v a ch min ch yu c dng trong cc cng thc ly d liu tng ng. a ch bao gm: a ch tng i: gm tn ct v tn hng. V d: A15, C43. a ch tuyt i: thm du $ trc tn ct v/hoc tn hng nu mun c nh phn . V d: $A3, B$4, $C$5. a ch tng i thay i khi sao chp cng thc, a ch tuyt i th khng.BigingExcel 15

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Mt s v d v a ch tng i, tuyt i:V d 1:

V d 2:

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Mt s v d v a ch tng i, tuyt i:V d 3:

V d 4:

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Dch chuyn con tr G phm F5 (Ctrl+G), g a ch cn n vo khung Reference, bm nt OK.

G a ch mun n

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Cc phm dch chuyn con tr :+ + + + + + + + + + + + , , , dch chuyn 1 theo hng mi tn Page Up dch con tr ln 1 trang mn hnh. Page Down dch chuyn xung 1 trang mn hnh. Home ct u tin (ct A) ca dng hin ti Ctrl + ti ct cui cng (ct IV) ca dng hin ti. Ctrl + ti ct u tin (ct A) ca dng hin ti. Ctrl + ti dng cui cng (dng 65536) ca ct hin ti. Ctrl + ti dng u tin (dng 1) ca ct hin ti. Ctrl + + ti tri trn cng ( A1). Ctrl + + ti phi trn cng ( IV1). Ctrl + + ti tri di cng ( A65536). Ctrl + + ti phi di cng ( IV65536).BigingExcel

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Nhp d liu vo

Cch thc: click tri chut vo , g d liu vo, nhp xong g Enter. D liu ch nhp bnh thng D liu s nhp du chm (.) hay du phy (,) ngn cch phn thp phn ty vo nh dng kiu s.

Excel hiu mt d liu dng khc l d liu dng ch th nhp du trc d liu . V d: 04.8766318BigingExcel 20

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a ch v min (vng)

Min l mt nhm lin k nhau. a ch min c khai bo theo cch:a ch cao bn tri : a ch thp bn phi

V d:

A3:A6 B2:D5 $C$5:$D$8

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Chn min, ct, hng, bng

Chn min: kch chut vo cao tri, gi v di ti thp phi, nh chut. Chn c hng: kch chut vo tn hng. Chn c ct: kch chut vo tn ct. Chn c bng tnh: kch chut vo giao gia tn hng v tn ct. Khi cn ly a ch hoc min trong cng thc th khng nn g t bn phm m nn dng chut chn trnh nhm ln.BigingExcel 22

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Chn min, ct, hng, bng

Nu chn nhiu min ri nhau th gi phm Ctrl trong khi chn cc min

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Thao tc nh s th t

C1: nh s th t tng dn 1,2,3, bng cch nhp mt gi tr u tin (kiu s), gi Ctrl nh hnh v (c du +) v r chut sang khc C2: nh s th t theo cp s cng t chn

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Thao tc sp xp d liu

Chn vng d liu mun sp xp Chn Data/Sort

Tng dn

Gim dn Vng chn khng c tiu

Vng chn c tiu 06/08/10 BigingExcel 25

Kt qu sau khi sp xp

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Cng thc

Cng thc:

bt u bi du = sau l cc hng s, a ch , hm s c ni vi nhau bi cc php ton. Cc php ton: + , - , * , / , ^ (lu tha)

V d:

= 10 + A3 = B3*B4 + B5/5 = 2*C2 + C3^4 ABS(C4) = SIN(A2)BigingExcel 27

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Hm s

Excel c rt nhiu hm s s dng trong cc lnh vc: ton hc, thng k, logic, x l chui k t, ngy thng Hm s c dng trong cng thc. Trong hm c x l cc hng k t hoc hng xu k t th chng phi c bao trong cp du C th nhp hm s bng cch n nt Paste Function fx trn Toolbar, ri theo hng dn tng bc.BigingExcel 28

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Mt s hm thng s dng

AND (i 1, i 2,, i n): php V, l hm logic, ch ng khi tt c cc i s c gi tr ng. Cc i s l cc hng, biu thc logic. VD: = AND (B3>=23,B3=25,D3160,C2:C5) cho kt qu bng 63 (=14+21+28)

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Mt s hm thng s dng (3)

MAX (i 1, i 2, , i n): cho gi tr ln nht.

MIN (i 1, i 2, , i n): cho gi tr nh nht.

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IF (bt logic, tr ng, tr sai):

Hin th tr ng nu BT logic c g/t True Hin th tr sai nu BT logic c g/t False

VD: =IF(A3>=5,,Trt) - Hm IF c th vit lng nhau. VD: = IF(C6400,3,2)) - Hm trn cho kt qu ca php th sau: 1 nu [d liu trong C6] 300 2 nu 300 < [d liu trong C6] 400 nu [d liu trong C6] > 400 3 BigingExcel 33

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V d s dng hm IF, AND, OR:

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COUNT(i1, i2,): m s lng cc c cha s v cc s trong cc i s.

Cc i s l cc s, ngy thng, a ch , a ch min.

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V d 2 35


COUNTA(i1, i2,): m s lng cc c khc rng. V d:

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COUNTIF(min_m, iu_kin): m s lng cc trong min m tho mn iu kin.

V d 1

V d 2

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VLOOKUP (tr_tra_cu, bng_tra_cu, ct_ly_d_liu, [True/False]): tra cu g/t vi cc g/t trong ct u tin ca bng v hin th d liu tng ng trong bng tra cu nm trn ct i s 3. VD: = VLOOKUP(E3, $E$12:$F$16, 2, True) - Nu g/t tra cu nh hn g/t nh nht trong ct u tin ca bng th tr v li #N/A. - Nu i s th 4 bng True (hoc 1): + Cc g/t trong ct u tin ca bng phi c sp xp tng dn. + Nu g/t tra cu khng c trong ct u tin ca bng th hm s tra cu g/t trong bng g/t tra cu.BigingExcel 38

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V d hm VLOOKUP

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Mt s hm thng s dng

HLOOKUP(g/t, bng_g/t, hng_ly_d.liu, [1/0]): hm tra cu theo hng, tng t hmVLOOKUP

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Mt s hm s quan trng (9)Hm xp th hng: RANK(g/t_xp, bng_g/t, tiu_chun_xp) - i s 1: l gi tr cn xp th (VD: im 1 HS) - i s 2: bng cha cc g/t (VD: bng im) - i s 3: = 0 th g/t nh nht xp cui cng (VD khi xp th hng cc HS trong lp theo im) = 1 th g/t nh nht xp u tin (VD khi xp th hng cho cc VV ua xe theo thi gian) VD: =RANK(A3,$A$3:$A$10,1)

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V d hm RANKRANK(g/t_xp, bng_g/t, tiu_chun_xp)

Khi th th xp bng 1

Khi th th xp bng 0

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Mt s hm s quan trng (10)

LEFT(Chui k t, n): Cho n k t bn tri ca chui.

VD: =LEFT(i hc s phm ng Thp,15) cho kt qu l chui i hc s phm

RIGHT(Chui k t, n): Cho n k t bn phi ca chui.

VD: =RIGHT(Khoa Cng ngh Thng tin,8) cho kt qu l chui Thng tin

MID(Chui k t, m, n): Cho n k t tnh t k t th m ca chui.

VD: =MID(i hc s phm ng Thp,9,7) 06/08/10 cho kt qu l chui s phm BigingExcel

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NOW(): Cho ngy v gi thi im hin ti. TODAY(): Cho ngy hin ti. DAY(mm/dd/yy): Cho gi tr ngy.

VD: =DAY(11/25/80)

cho kt qu l 25 MONTH(mm/dd/yy): Cho gi tr thng.

VD: =MONTH(11/25/80)

cho kt qu l 1106/08/10 BigingExcel 44


YEAR(mm/dd/yy): Cho gi tr nm.

VD: =YEAR(11/25/80)

cho kt qu l 1980

Hm Year thng c dng tnh tui khi bit ngy sinh:

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Cc thao tc son tho1. Sao chp (Copy):

Chn min n Ctrl+C (bm nt Copy, menu Edit/Copy) Dch ti tri trn ca min nh dn n Ctrl+V (bm nt Paste, menu Edit/Paste) Di chut ti du chm gc phi di ca , bm gi tri chut v di qua cc ln cn ri nh chut (Drag & Drop). a ch tng i ca cc trong cng thc s c thay tng ng.BigingExcel 46

Nu sao chp cng thc sang cc ln cn:

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Cc thao tc son tho (2)1. Dch chuyn (Move): Chn min n Ctrl+X (bm nt Cut, menu Edit/Cut) Dch ti tri trn ca min nh dn n Ctrl+V (bm nt Paste, menu Edit/Paste) C2: di chuyn chut ti b ca min, con tr thnh hnh mi tn, Drag di d liu ti v tr mi, thay th d liu c. Mun xen k d liu c v mi th gi phm Shift trong khi Drag.06/08/10 BigingExcel 47

Cc thao tc son tho (3)1. Sa: Dch ti cn sa: kch p chut, hoc n phm F2, hoc kch chut trn thanh cng thc, con tr nhp nhy trong th sa bnh thng. 1. Xo: Chn min cn xo, n phm Delete. 2. Undo v Redo:Undo: Ctrl+Z, hoc bm nt trn Toolbar: c tc dng hu b vic va lm, hay dng khi phc trng thi lm vic khi xy ra sai st. Redo: Ctrl+Y, hoc bm nt trn Toobar: lm l 06/08/10 i vic va b / vic va lm. 48 BigingExcel

Mt s thao tc hu dng1. Thm/xo hng, ct, bng tnh:

Thm mt hng vo bn trn hng hin ti: menu Insert/Rows Thm mt ct vo bn tri ct hin ti: menu Insert/ Columns Thm mt bng tnh (sheet): menu Insert/Worksheet Xo hng hin ti: menu Edit/DeleteEntire Row Xo ct hin ti: menu Edit/DeleteEntire Column Xo bng tnh: menu Edit/Delete SheetBigingExcel 49

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Mt s thao tc hu dng

V d: Thm ct cho bng tnh

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Mt s thao tc hu dng

V d: Xa dng cho bng tnh

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Mt s thao tc hu dng (2)1. Cc thao thc gip nhp d liu, a ch : G a ch tuyt i ca v min trong cng thc: dng phm F4 VD: cn g $A$5:$C$8: dng chut chn min A5:C8, ri n phm F4. Nhp d liu tin t, VD: $ 6,000.00 ch cn nhp 6000, sau n nt Currency $ trn thanh nh dng.06/08/10 BigingExcel 52

Mt s thao tc hu dng (tip)Nhp mt dy lin tc cch u vo cc lin k nhau (khng bt buc tng 1 .v), vd: nhp STT, nhp cc thng trong nm: Nhp 2 g/t u tin ca dy vo 2 tng ng Bi en 2 va nhp Thc hin Drag nh khi sao chp cng thc 1. i tn sheet: nhy chut phi ti tn sheet gc tri di bng tnh, chn Rename, g tn mi cho sheet ri n Enter.06/08/10 BigingExcel 53

Mt s thao tc hu dng (tip)

nh dng (cell) trong bng tnh

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nh dng1) Thay i kch thc hng/ct: 2 cch chnh:

C1: Di chut vo mp hng/ct, con tr thnh hnh mi tn 2 chiu, n gi tri chut, di n v tr mi ri nh chut. C2: Di chut vo mp hng/ct, kch p c kch thc va kht.

C th n nh kch thc hng/ct bng cch vo menu Format/Row/Height v Format/Column/Width06/08/10 BigingExcel 55

nh dng

Thay i kich thc ct

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nh dng (2)2) nh dng (Menu Format/Cells)- Chn min, vo menu Formar/Cells + Tab Number: nh cch hin th s + Tab Alignment: nh cch chnh v tr d liu + Tab Font: nh font ch + Tab Border: nh ng k vin cc

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Menu Format/Cells Tab NumberKiu hin th s Khung xem trc S ch s thp phnS dng k hiu ngn cch hng nghn

Cch hin th s m Ch gii

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Menu Format/Cells Tab AlignmentCn d liu chiu ngang Cn d liu chiu dc Xung dng va rng Thu nh ch va kch thc nh hng vn bn

Nhp cc lin k thnh 1

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Menu Format/Cells Tab FontChn phng ch Chn kiu ch Chn kch thc ch Chn mu ch Xem trc

Gch chn ch

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Menu Format/Cells Tab BorderKhng k khung Khung bao ngoi Khung bn trong Chn tng ng k khung

Chn kiu ng k Mu ng k

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Cu hi n tp

WorkBook v WorkSheet l g? Cc thao tc to mi, m v lu tp tin Hm Count v Counta khc nhau l g? Hm Countif v Sumif khc nhau l g? Hm Vlookup v Hlookup khc nhau l g? Thao tc sp xp d liu, xp hng Thao tc nh dng bng tnhBigingExcel 62

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Cc hm c s d liu (CSDL)1) Khi nim

CSDL gm cc trng (field) v bn ghi (record). Trng l mt ct CSDL, mi trng biu th mt thuc tnh ca i tng v c kiu d liu nht nh. Bn ghi l mt hng d liu. Dng u ca min CSDL cha cc tn trng, cc dng tip sau l cc bn ghi.BigingExcel 63

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2) Sp xp - Menu Data/Sort

Khi xp th t 1 danh sch (CSDL), phi chn tt c cc ct trnh s mt chnh xc d liu. DS khng c tn trng th tn ct s thay th. Trng quy nh cch xp th t gi l kho. C th nh ti a 3 kho. Cc bn ghi cng g/t kho th nht c xp th t theo kho th 2; cng g/t kho th 2 c xp th t theo kho th 3. Cch lm: Chn min. Chn Menu Data/SortBigingExcel 64

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Chn kho th nht [Chn kho th hai] [Chn kho th ba] Dng u l tn trng (ko sp xp)

Sp xp tng dn Sp xp gim dn Ko c dng tn trng (sp xp c dng u)

Xp t trn xung di Xp t tri sang phi06/08/10 BigingExcel 65

3) Tm kim (Lc d liu) Menu Data/Filter

Mc ch: Ly ra nhng bn ghi (thng tin) tho mn iu kin nht nh. C th lc theo 2 cch:

AutoFilter: Excel h tr iu kin lc Advanced Filter: ngi s dng t nh iu kin lc.

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a) Lc d liu dng AutoFilter

Chn min CSDL gm c dng tn trng Menu Data/Filter/AutoFilter, tn trng c u mi tn th xung ca hp danh sch Kch chut vo , c danh sch th xung:

All: hin li mi bn ghi Top 10: cc gi tr ln nht Custom: t nh iu kin lc Cc gi tr ca ctBigingExcel 67

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Lc d liu dng AutoFilter (tip)

Nu chn Custom s hin hp thoi Custom AutoFilter ngi s dng t nh iu kin lc:VD: Lc nhng bn ghi tho mn s lng SP bn ra trong thng 1 nm trong khong (120,400]

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b) Lc d liu dng Advanced Filter

1. B1: nh min iu kin:

Dng u ghi tn trng nh iu kin, ch phi ging ht tn trng ca min CSDL, tt nht l copy t tn trng CSDL. Cc dng tip di ghi iu kin: cc iu kin cng dng l php AND, cc iu kin khc dng l php OR.VD vi min CSDL nh trn:BigingExcel 69

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Min /k lc cc bn ghi c s SP bn ra trong thng 1 =400

Min /k lc cc bn ghi c s SP bn ra trong thng 1 >150

Min /k lc cc bn ghi c s SP bn ra trong thng 1 150150 hoc trong thng 2 20070

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Lc d liu dng Advanced Filter (tip)

1. B2: Thc hin lc

Vo menu Data/Filter/Advanced FilterHin KQ lc ngay ti min d liu Hin KQ lc ra ni khc Chn min CSDL Chn min iu kin Chn min hin KQ Ch hin 1 bn ghi trong s nhng KQ trng lp

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th

Chn min d liu v th, ch chn c 1 tiu hng v 1 tiu ct i vi cc th kiu Column, Line v Pie. Bm nt Chart Wizard trn Toolbar hoc vo menu Insert/Chart Hp thoi Chart Wizard hin ra gip to th qua 4 bc: 1. nh kiu th 2. nh d liu 3. Cc la chn: tiu , cc trc, ch gii 4. Chn ni hin thBigingExcel 72

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Bc 1: nh kiu thChn kiu th c sn: + Column: ct dc + Line: ng so snh + Pie: bnh trn + XY: ng tng quan Chn mt dng ca kiu chn06/08/10 BigingExcel 73

Bc 2: nh d liu

Tiu ct lm ch gii Min DL v th Chn DL v th theo hng hoc theo ct06/08/10 BigingExcel 74

Tiu hng hin ti y

Bc 3: Cc la chn - Tab Titles Tiu th v tiu cc trcNhp tiu th Nhp tiu trc X Nhp tiu trc Y

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Bc 3: Cc la chn - Tab Legend Ch giiHin/n ch gii V tr t ch gii Ch gii

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Bc 3: Cc la chn - Tab Data Labels Nhn d liuKhng hin Hin g/t Hin phn trm Hin nhn Hin nhn v phn trm Nhn d liu

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Bc 4: nh ni t th th hin trn 1 sheet mi

th hin trn 1sheet tn ti06/08/10 BigingExcel 78

Khi th c to, c th:1. 2. Chuyn th ti v tr mi bng phng thc Drag & Drop. Thay i kch thc th bng cch kch chut vo vng trng ca th xut hin 8 chm en 8 hng, t chut vo chm en, gi tri chut v di ti kch thc mong mun ri nh chut. Thay i cc thuc tnh ca th (tiu , ch gii, ) bng cch nhy chut phi vo vng trng ca th v chn Chart Options Thao tc tip theo nh bc 3 trn. Thay i cc thuc tnh ca cc thnh phn th (font ch, t l cc trc, mu sc nn,) bng cch nhy chut phi vo thnh phn v chn Format BigingExcel 79

3.

4.

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Thay i thuc tnh trc th* Thay i t l trn trcGi tr nh nht Gi tr ln nht ng cch Kho Chut phi trn trc, chn Format Axis

cc im chia

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Thay i thuc tnh trc th* Thay i v tr hin th d liuKhi lng ca ln qua cc ngy tui20 16 12 8 4 0 S sinh 10 20 30 Ngy 40 50 60 ng (kg)

Kh i l

Mng Ci

Yorkshire

i vi th dng Line, nhiu khi th v xong nh trn nhng vn cha chnh xc v cc mc thi gian khng nm ng im chia trn trc X, do la chn mc nh ca Excel.06/08/10 BigingExcel 81

Thay i thuc tnh trc th* Thay i v tr hin th d liuKhi lng ca ln qua cc ngy tui20 16 12 8 4 0 S sinh ng (kg)

Kh i l

10

20

30 Ngy

40

50

60

Mng Ci

Yorkshire

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sa i ch cn b la chn mc nh ca Excel nh hnh trn l c. Tuy n gin nhng cn nh v hu nh 100% SV lm bo co TN mc phi li ny m khng bit sa.BigingExcel

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Documents

Slide.Bài giảng Microsoft Excel