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Slide 5-1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure:
Computer Sciencean overview
EDITION 7
J. Glenn Brookshear
Slide 5-2 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.
C H A P T E R 5
ProgrammingLanguages
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Figure 5.1: Generations of programming languages
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Figure 5.2: The evolution of programming paradigms
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Figure 5.3: A function that computes the average of a list of numbers constructed from the simpler functions Sum, Count, and Divide
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Figure 5.4: The composition of a typical imperative program or program unit
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Figure 5.5: The same variable declarations in different languages
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Figure 5.6: A two-dimensional array with two rows and nine columns
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Figure 5.7: Declaration of heterogeneous arrays in Pascal and C (continued)
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Figure 5.7: Declaration of heterogeneous arrays in Pascal and C
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Figure 5.8: Control struc-tures and their representations in C, C++, C#, and Java (continued)
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Figure 5.8: Control struc-tures and their representations in C, C++, C#, and Java
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Figure 5.9: The for loop structure and its representation in Pascal, C++, C#, and Java (continued)
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Figure 5.9: The for loop structure and its representation in Pascal, C++, C#, and Java
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Figure 5.10: The flow of control involving a procedure
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Figure 5.11: The procedure Project Population written in the programming language C
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Figure 5.12: Executing the procedure Demo and passing parameters by value (continued)
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Figure 5.12: Executing the procedure Demo and passing parameters by value (continued)
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Figure 5.12: Executing the procedure Demo and passing parameters by value
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Figure 5.13: Executing the procedure Demo and passing parameters by reference (continued)
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Figure 5.13: Executing the procedure Demo and passing parameters by reference (continued)
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Figure 5.13: Executing the procedure Demo and passing parameters by reference
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Figure 5.14: The function CylinderVolume written in the programming language C
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Figure 5.15: An example of formatted output
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Figure 5.16: The translation process
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Figure 5.17: A syntax diagram of our if-then-else pseudocode statement
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Figure 5.18: Syntax diagrams describing the structure of a simple algebraic expression
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Figure 5.19: The parse tree for the string x + y z based on the syntax diagrams in Figure 5.18
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Figure 5.20: Two distinct parse trees for the statement if B1 then if B2 then S1 else S2 (continued)
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Figure 5.20: Two distinct parse trees for the statement if B1 then if B2 then S1 else S2 (continued)
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Figure 5.21: An object-oriented approach to the translation process
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Figure 5.22: The complete program preparation process
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Figure 5.23: The structure of a class describing a laser weapon in a computer game
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Figure 5.24: A class with a constructor
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Figure 5.25: Our LaserClass definition using encapsulation as it would appear in a Java or C# program
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Figure 5.26: Resolving the statements (P OR Q) and (R OR Q) to produce (P OR R)
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Figure 5.27: Resolving the statements (P OR Q), (R OR Q), R, and P
