Optimisation of Design & Optimisation of Design & Technology for Sewage TreatmentTechnology for Sewage Treatment

by by Vinita DhupkarVinita Dhupkar

2121stst February, 2014 February, 2014

National Conference on Energy & National Conference on Energy & EnvironmentEnvironment

• Water Stress

• Sewage Generation & Treatment

• Sewage Treatment – Technology Options

• Overview of Technologies

• Technology Comparison & Assessment

• Technology Selection

• Way Forward

Yesterday Yesterday : Water Pollution: Water Pollution

Today Today : Water Stress: Water Stress

Tomorrow Tomorrow : Water Scarcity: Water Scarcity

• Growing Population

• Increasing Urbanisation

• Insufficient Infrastructure

• Over Extraction of Ground water

• Poor Treatment & Maintenance

• Increasing Gap between Demand & Supply

Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013

Metropolitan CitiesMetropolitan Cities Class I CitiesClass I Cities Class II CitiesClass II Cities

Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013Ref : CPCB Report on Performance Evaluation of STPs, 2013

Option 1 : ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS (ASP/ EA)

Option 2 : MOVING BED BIO REACTOR (MBBR) / FIXED

AERATED BIOREACTOR (FAB)

Option 3 : SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (SBR)

Option 4 : MEMBRANE BIO REACTOR (MBR)

Option 5 : UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET

(UASB) REACTOR

Option 6 : TRICKING FILTER (TF)

AERATION TANKSECONDARY

CLARIFIER

TREATED WATER

DISINFECTION

CHLORINE

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRITRAW

SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER

RAW SEWAGE PUMPING STATION

AT-SC-CHL

AERATION TANKSECONDARY

CLARIFIER

TREATED WATER

DISINFECTION

CHLORINE

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRIT

RAW SEWAGE

PRIMARY CLARIFIERRAW SEWAGE INLET

CHAMBER

SLUDGE STABILISATION

SLUDGE THICKNER

PC-AT-SC-CHL

AERATION TANK (MBBR)SECONDARY

CLARIFIER

TREATED WATER

DISINFECTION

CHLORINE

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRIT

RAW SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER

MBBR-SC-CHL

SECONDARYCLARIFIER

TREATED WATER

DISINFECTION

CHLORINE

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRIT

RAW SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER

AERATION TANK (FAB)

FAB-SC-CHL

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRIT

TREATED WATER TO DIPSOSAL

SBR - 2

INLET CHAMBER

SLUDGE SUMP

CHLORINE CONTACT TANKCENTRIFUGE

(SLUDGE DEWATERING)

RETURN SLUDGE

SURPLUS SLUDGE

BLOWER

CHLORINE

SLUDGE

PUMP

RAW SEWAGE

DECANTERDIFFUSERS

BLOWERSBR - 1

SBR-CHL

SBR

TREATED WATER

DISINFECTION

CHLORINE

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRIT

RAW SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER

MBR TANK

MBR-CHL

MBR

AERATION TANK / FACULTATIVE LAGOONSECONDARY

CLARIFIER

TREATED WATER

DISINFECTION

CHLORINE

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRIT

RAW SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER

GAS HOLDER

SLUDGE THICKNER

UASBGAS ENGINE

ELECTRICITY

UASB-AT-SC-CHL

AERATION TANK

SECONDARYCLARIFIER

TREATED WATER

DISINFECTION

CHLORINE

SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT

SCREENING

GRIT REMOVAL

GRIT

RAW SEWAGE

RAW SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER

SLUDGE THICKNER

TRICKLING FILTER

TF-AT-SC-CHL

0

5

10

15

20

UASB ASP MBBR MBR SBR

Area, Acres

Area, Acres

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Capital Cost, Crs(100MLD)

UASBASPMBBRMBRSBR

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

Power, Rs/m3

UASBASPMBBRMBRSBR

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

UASB ASP MBBR MBR SBR

Maintenance cost,Rs./m3

Treated Sewage Parameters

Technology Assessment for Sewage Treatment

CriteriaOP ASP MBBR SBR MBR

UASB +ASP

TF +ASP

Quality of Treated Effleunt              

Nutrient Removal potential              

Low Land Requirement potential              

Low Capital Cost potential              

Low Power Requirement Potential              

Electricity generation potential              

Low O & M Skills Potential              

  Low   Medium

  High  Very High

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION

Objective 4

Objective 1

Objective 3

Objective 2

RecycleReuse

Reduce Capital

Cost

Reduce Space

Reduce Operatio

nCost

UASBASP

MBBR

SBRMBR

MBBR

UASBSBR

SBR MBR

Technology Options

Domestic Wastewater

Technologies Treatment & Recycle /

Reuse (Desalination)

Treatment & energy

production

Treatment & Reuse

UP, Delhi

MaharashtraGujarat

AP, Karnataka

ChennaiKerala

• Recycle / Reuse

• Techno-economically viable technologies

• Improvement in O&M

• Reduction in Operational Cost by Innovations

• Stringent Policies & Implementation by Govt.

• Promotion of PPP Models

Yesterday Yesterday : Water Pollution: Water Pollution

Today Today : Water Stress: Water Stress

Tomorrow Tomorrow : Water Scarcity: Water Scarcity

Day After Tomorrow Day After Tomorrow : Water War: Water War

Thank You !

Do not let the well dry,

to learn the worth of Water !

Vinita Dhupkar