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School of Health Systems and Public Health Monitoring & Evaluation of HIV and AIDS Programs INDICATORS Wednesday March 2, 2011 Win Brown US AID /South Africa. Slide 1 of 25. Objective: Introduce the 4 stages in the data handling (information management) process & explain indicators. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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School of Health Systems and Public HealthMonitoring & Evaluation of HIV and AIDS Programs
INDICATORS
Wednesday March 2, 2011
Win BrownUSAID/South Africa
Slide 1 of 25
Objective:
• Introduce the 4 stages in the data handling (information management) process & explain indicators.
Slide 2 of 25
Learning Outcomes:
• Explain the concepts of data and information
• Analyze the data handling process
• Evidence-based decision making
• Select indicators & critique indicators
Slide 3 of 25
What’s Our Raw Material?
• Data:
• Information:
• Knowledge:
Data Information Knowledge
Slide 4 of 25
Types of Data
• Quantitative:
• Qualitative:
• Routine:
• Non-Routine:
Slide 5 of 25
Routine Data Collection
• Patient or Client Data: Let’s talk about the lowest level . . .
• “Data Capture” – Who– How– When– Where
• How are these data aggregated?
Slide 6 of 25
Routine Health Information Management?
• Monitoring & Evaluation of Routine vs. Non-Routine Information . . .
• Which is more useful?
• Why?
Slide 7 of 25
Information Management Process
4
Collect
Process
Present
Use•Data quality checks •Data analysis:
indicators
• Tables• Graphs• Reports
• Interpret information: comparisonstrends
• Decisions based on information
• Actions
• Data set based on minimum indicator set
• Standard definitions• Data sources & tools
feedback
data flow
Slide 8 of 25
Current Problems and the Way Forward
• The Deadly Sin of Creating Parallel Structures in Reporting Systems
• The “H” Word . . .
• Alignment with Government Systems
Slide 9 of 25
Ready for Indicators?
Slide 10 of 25
What’s an Indicator?
A quantitative or qualitative variable
(something that changes) that provides a
simple and reliable measurement of one
aspect of performance, achievement or
change in a program or project.
Slide 11 of 25
Why Indicators?
• Directing resources to areas where needs are greatest
• Reducing large amount of data down to its simplest form
• Measuring program or project towards targets and desired outcomes
• Measuring trends over time
• Providing a yardstick whereby organizations, facilities etc. can compare themselves to others doing similar work
• Providing evidence for achievement (or lack of) of results and activities
Slide 12 of 25
Slide # 13: The Evil Eye
Don’t say anything!
Slide 13 of 25
Indicator StructureIndicator Structure
• Numerator
• Denominator
• Both . . .
Slide 14 of 25
Example 1
Percent of Individuals Initiating ART with a CD4 Count of Less than 50.
?
________________
?
Slide 15 of 25
Example 2
Total Number of OVC Reached During the Reporting Period.
? ________________ ?
Slide 16 of 25
Example 3
Total Number of Individuals Provided with Cotrimoxazole during the Reporting Period.
? ________________ ?
Slide 17 of 25
Example 4
Total Number of Family Members Reached with HIV-Related Palliative Care during the Reporting Period.
? ________________ ?
Slide 18 of 25
Example 5
Total Number of Individuals Counseled and Tested as a Couple.
? ________________ ?
Slide 19 of 25
Don’t Let Indicators . . .
Drive the Programme!
Slide 20 of 25
SMART Indicators
• Specific
• Measurable
• Achievable
• Relevant
• Time-bound
Slide 21 of 25
OPUDATAOPUDATA
• Objective
• Practical
• Useful for management
• Direct
• Attributable to your project’s efforts
• Timely
• Adequate
Slide 22 of 25
How Does An Indicator Get Selected?
Good Luck!
Slide 23 of 25
Why Aren’t Managers Using Data?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Slide 24 of 25
To Be Useful, Data Should Be…To Be Useful, Data Should Be…
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Slide 25 of 25