Skill Review

Skill Practice

BOOK3Unit5 I. Skill Review

1. word formation clues

2. context clues

Which is more helpful in figuring out the meaning of idiomatic

expressions?

examples

explanations

contrast phrases

parallel phrases

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II. Skill Practice

Guess their meanings:

go off leave over turn in next to nothing a nine-to-five job knows how many beans make five keep sb.’s seat etc.

with the help of the sentences

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A. left B. fallen asleep

C. died D. got tired

2. As soon as the baby’s gone off we ‘ll be able to relax and watch television.

1. Jane seems to have gone off Peter.

She likes talking about Tom now.A. left B. forgot

C. lost interest in D. met

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3. I regret that my first date with Kate will have to be left over until next Saturday.

A. canceled B. moved up

C. postponed D. reported4. I‘ll give the machine one more week to

behave itself. And if it doesn’t then I’ll turn it in for another.

A. move in B. abandon

C. repair D. return

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5. She eats next to nothing.

She’s on diet.

almost nothing; a very small amount

6. Out from school, some graduates go straight

to nine-to-five jobs and within three months

they looked like old people.regular work as an employee, esp. in an office, shop, factory, etc.

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7. I wouldn’t worry about Jack if I were you

— he knows how many beans make five.

be clear-minded, sensible in practical matters

Question Answering

&Case Comparison

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Paras. 1-6

In the assumed case, which choice(s) the author would make?

A.Treat the infection with drugs.

B. Deny the anti-infectious medicine.

C. Give the patient pain killers and

sleeping pills.

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Paras. 7-12

Compare the cases of the woman and the man.

80-year old, cancer of liver, operate in vain, anti-cancer drugs, sick, cannot cure, fluids, needle, fed, add, withdraw, vitamin pills, comfortable, die peacefully, pain free

The woman:

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Paras. 7-12

Compare the cases of the woman and the man.

a severe stroke, unable to move, couldn’t swallow anything, fluids, fed, tube, pass through, painful sore throat, four grown children, insert, small hole, remove, take the responsibility, give permission, continued on, 3 months; painful throat, bleeding, a majorinfection

The man:

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Paras. 13-15

What should doctors and families do when confronted with life-death decisions?

Tips

They should cooperate to decide what is best for the patient and make a reasonabledecision after appropriate discussion.

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Paras. 16-17

If a neutral third party is brought in the final phase of an illness, what will be the result?

Tips

The process will take longer and the decision will be more arbitrary and less sympathetic.

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Paras. 16-17

Who has the least qualification to make a life-death decision?

A.The doctors.

B.The families.

C.The lawyers and government officials.

D.The patient’s most intimate friends.

Paraphrase

Translation

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In about the same way, I can keep you alive by giving you fluids to feed you through a needle in your arm while you gradually lose your appetite. The fluids might enable you to live one or two weeks longer.

1. Similarly, I can give you fluids through a needle in your arm, which will keep you fed as your appetite slips away; the fluids might add a week or two to your life. (L28)

同样，我也可以在你手臂上插上针管，通过它给你输液，这可以让你保持进食，因为你的食欲会渐渐消退；输液可能让你的生命延长一至二周。

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2. Chances are he won’t live long, but he won’t be in pain. (L42)

有可能他活不长久，但他不会太痛苦。

It is likely that he won’t live long, but he will feel no pain.

Chances are (that)… = It is likely that…

e.g.

Chances are that she’ll marry the man who is now her boss.

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3. What it all comes down to is common sense. (L50) Actually, it is only a question of common sense.

come down to = be a question of; be able to be concluded as

e.g.

Our choices come down to demolishing the old house or restoring it.

我们的选择实质上是拆毁这幢老房子还是修复它。

归根到底是个常识问题。

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Yet, on rare occasions when doctors and families cannot immediately make a judgment, they will come to the proper decision after a few days or weeks of some necessary treatment, observing the patient’s progress.

另外的 5% 不能立即达成这样的决定。遇上这种病例，做上几天或 数周的基本治疗，观察病人的进展之后，正确的决定就一目了然了。

4. In 5 present of cases where such a judgment cannot immediately be reached, the proper decision will become apparent after a few days or weeks of basic treatment, observing the patient’s progress. (L54)

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However, undoubtedly if either side requires to ask a “neutral” third side for help (which is usually a government official or a lawyer), the life-death decision-making progress will not only take more time but also be less reasonable and lesssympathetic in many cases.

5. But there is no question that if either party insists on bringing in a so-called “neutral” third party (usually some representative of the state or legal profession),

not only will the process take longer, in many instances it will be more arbitrary and less sympathetic. (L58)

可是毫无疑问，如果任何一方坚持要有所谓“中立”的第三方（通常是政府代表或职业律师）介入，那不但会拖长决策过程，而且在很多时候，决定还会更加武断，更加不人道。

Word Using

Old to New

Chinese to English

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refuse

impractical

unsuccessful, useless

pull, take back

advice, suggestion

no doubt, obvious

private, personal

appear, arrive

•deny

• theoretical

• vain

• withdraw

• recommendation

• transparent

• intimate

• come along

I. Old to New

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患中风右撇子棘手的问题安详死去

十四天，两周常识生死攸关的决定

•suffer a stroke

• right-handed

• a tough question

• die a peaceful death/ die peacefully

• fortnight

• common sense

• life-death decision

II. Chinese to English

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1. condemn (L16) vt. criticize strongly, usu. for moral reasons

Ⅲ. Word Using

TranslationTranslation在这篇文章中作者用最严厉的语言谴责了种族主义。KeyKey

The author condemned racism in the strongest The author condemned racism in the strongest

language in this article.language in this article.

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1. condemn (L16) vt. criticize strongly, usu. for moral reasons

condemn sb. to

① make sb. take or accept sth. unpleasant

e.g.

His broken leg condemned him to a wheelchair.

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1. condemn (L16) vt. criticize strongly, usu. for moral reasons

condemn sb. to

② punish sb.with sth.e.g.condemned cell 幽禁死刑犯的牢房condemn a murderer to life imprisonment

判凶手无期徒刑

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1. condemn (L16) vt. criticize strongly, usu. for moral reasons

condemn sb./sth. forhave a poor opinion of sb. or sth. Becauseof sth. bad

e.g.

The city was condemned for its high crime rate.

这座城市因犯罪率高而遭到谴责。

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2. fight off (L20)

keep sth.away with effort; struggle to

prevent sth. unwanted

KeyKey

I must wear warm clothes, as I am fighting off this cold.

TranslationTranslation我在抵御感冒，所以得穿得暖和些。我在抵御感冒，所以得穿得暖和些。

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2. fight off (L20)

keep sth.away with effort; struggle to

prevent sth. unwanted

e.g.

I tried to fight against sleep, but in vain.

我努力想不睡着，可就是办不到。

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3. hell (L21)

go to hell 下地狱

be in hell 在地狱

n. ① 地狱

n. an extremely unpleasant or difficult ②place, situation or experiencee.g.

We gave the enemy hell.

我们让敌人吃尽苦头。

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3. hell (L21)

n. used as a swear-word to show anger or ③ surprise or to make emphasis

for the hell of it

for no particular reason

hell-cat spiteful or furious person 恶人；泼辣的人

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3. hell (L21)

n. used as a swear-word to show anger or③ surprise or to make emphasis

Translation

1. Oh hell, I’ve missed the last train.

2. What’s the hell do you want?

3. How the hell can I go there?

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TranslationTranslation

由于失业的人很多，现在很难找到工作。

4. come by (L34)

① obtain, usu. by effort

KeyKeyJobs are hard to come by with so many people out of work.

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3. come by (L34)

② get; receive by accident or chance

TranslationTranslation你手臂上的伤是怎么弄的？你手臂上的伤是怎么弄的？

KeyKey

How did you come by that wound in your arm?

Debate

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Euthanasia (mercy killing) should be legalized

Euthanasia should not be legalized

VS