Skill 304

Lecture \ 2

Learning objectivesRecognize types of test forms.General feature of the test forms .To know the Criteria for filling the forms.Analyze test forms.List the specimen types.Pre and Post- specimen collection check.

Test requisitionTest requisition : is the request by a competent authority

made to laboratory for performing test which is needed for the diagnosis or prognosis of the patient .

Types of test forms :1- hematology form 2- Chemistry form3- Serology & virology form4- Culture & sensitivity form5- Hormones form6- Urine analysis form7- Stool analysis form8- Multipurpose form

General feature of the test formsEvery form included these features :1- general information : related to the patient &

the ward2- hospital name3- form’s type4- clinical diagnosis5- Processing type 6- date , time & name of the sender 7- tests to be done8- analyzer information

Patient & ward info.

Hospital name

Form type

diag

nosi

s

Proc

essin

g ty

pe

Ord

er

info

rmati

on

Test to be

done

Lab information

Test requisitionCriteria for filling the forms :1- patient’s name, age, sex, nationality & hospital

( file ) number .2- relevant ward details .3- name of ( consultant / specialist )4- highlight the tests to be done .5- request must be signed and stamped by the

requesting physician .6- the staff nurse collecting the sample must

ensure labeling the sample & fill the request form including time & date .

Missing DR.

Stamp

ICU,NICU,PICU,MMW,MSW,FMW,FSW,

MSPW,OBW,LRDR,OR,HDU,NSY,ER

Lab no.Ordere

d test

Processing type

Clinical diagnosi

s

Test requisitionThe requesting physician must check

following before ordering :1- availability of test in the lab .2- inform the patient about the test procedure

and any precaution to be taken .3- instruct the staff nurse about any

precautions to be taken during collection .

Analysis of test forms

HAEMTOLOGY FORMConsist of these tests :1- CBC2- Differential count3- RBC morphology4- Blood parasite5- ESR6- Sickle cell test7-Reticulocyte cell account

CHEMISTRY FORMConsist of these tests :1- U/E test ( urea & electrolyte )2- LFT ( liver function test )3- RFT or KFT ( renal function test )4- Lipid profile5- Cardiac enzyme6- other tests

Cardiac enzyme

Lipid profil

e

LFTU/E

SEROLOGY FORM ABB.ASO: Antistreptolysin O Titer(streptococcal

infection)VDRL : Venereal disease research laboratory

(syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum )TPHA : Treponema Pallidum

Haemagglutination Assay (syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum )

Widal test : (typhoid fever )TOXO : Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii

parasite )

Sensitivity test

HORMONES FORMT3 : TriiodothyronineT4 : ThyroxineTSH : Thyroid-stimulating HormonePTH : Parathyroid HormoneFSH : Follicle-stimulating HormoneLH : Luteinizing hormone PRL : ProlactinβHCG : Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ( preg. Test )ACTH : Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (excessive or

deficient cortisol in the body )

STOOL ANALYSIS FORM ABB.E.histo .veg. : Entamoeba histolytica

vegetative(trophozoite)E. histo. Cyst : Entamoeba histolytica cystE. coli veg. : Entamoeba coli vegetativeE. coli cyst : Entamoeba coli cyst G. lamblia : Giardia lamblia T. hominis : Trichomonas hominisC. mesnili : Chilomastix mesnili

STOOL ANALYSIS FORM ABB.Trictric : Trichuris trichuraS. mansoni : Schistosoma mansoniT. saginata : Taenia saginataH. nana : Hymenolepis nana

Specimen collectionPhlebotomist : the person who trained to enters a vein

through needle to extract blood .Types of specimen :1- blood 7- body fluids 13- vaginal

swab2- sputum 8- throat swab 14- abscesses &3- CSF 9- ear swab wound

swab4- fecal 10- eye swab5- urine 11- mouth swab6- semen 12- nose swab

Specimen collectionSpecimen collection is the first step in

proficiency surveillance. For issuing accurate and precise results, it is the job of the nurse or phlebotomist to make sure that the enumerated conditions are met and implemented in order to deliver a suitable sample for analysis so that an accurate and precise result will be issued.

Procedure of specimen collectionPre-collection check :1- review the request and identify the patient

by asking the name, seeing his ID and compare it with the request form .

2- Is there any special instruction / preparation needed for the patient. If so advice the patient accordingly

e.g- fasting or after meals and sample collection . container may be given if needed e.g- 24 hour urine collection or sputum collection.

Procedure of specimen collection3- Read all the tests and select the

tubes/containers as needed for the tests.4- Arrange the tubes in order of filling.

Procedure of specimen collectionPost collection :1- Label all the tubes and specimen bottles as

per the guideline.2- NEVER write the name before extraction

and NEVER ask any other person to write for the same.

3- Finish the job before patient leaves the chair .

Thank you