Sjzl20060023 ZXC10+BSSB+(V8[1].16)+Technical+Manual Product+Overview

ZXC10 BSSBCDMA2000 Base Station System

Technical Manual – Product Overview

Version 8.16

ZTE CORPORATION ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South, Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, P. R. China 518057 Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830 Fax: (86) 755 26772236 URL: http://support.zte.com.cn E-mail: [email protected]

LEGAL INFORMATION Copyright © 2005 ZTE CORPORATION. The contents of this document are protected by copyright laws and international treaties. Any reproduction or distribution of this document or any portion of this document, in any form by any means, without the prior written consent of ZTE CORPORATION is prohibited. Additionally, the contents of this document are protected by contractual confidentiality obligations. All company, brand and product names are trade or service marks, or registered trade or service marks, of ZTE CORPORATION or of their respective owners. This document is provided “as is”, and all express, implied, or statutory warranties, representations or conditions are disclaimed, including without limitation any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title or non-infringement. ZTE CORPORATION and its licensors shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on the information contained herein. ZTE CORPORATION or its licensors may have current or pending intellectual property rights or applications covering the subject matter of this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license between ZTE CORPORATION and its licensee, the user of this document shall not acquire any license to the subject matter herein. The contents of this document and all policies of ZTE CORPORATION, including without limitation policies related to support or training are subject to change without notice.

Revision History

Date Revision No. Serial No. Description

2006/03/20 R1.1 sjzl20060023 ZXC10 BSSB Technical Manual - Product Overview, contents in English.

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Please fax to: (86) 755-26772236; or mail to Publications R&D Department, ZTE CORPORATION, ZTE Plaza, A Wing, Keji Road South, Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Shenzhen, P. R. China 518057.

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Document Name ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Technical Manual-Product Overview

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Contents

About this Technical Manual.......................................................................i Purpose of this Technical Manual.............................................................................. ii Typographical Conventions...................................................................................... ii Mouse Operation Conventions..................................................................................iii Safety Signs.......................................................................................................... iv How to Get in Touch ...............................................................................................v

Customer Support...................................................................................................................v Documentation Support...........................................................................................................v

Chapter 1..................................................................................... 1

Overview.....................................................................................................1 BSSB Position in a Network .....................................................................................1 BSS Applications.....................................................................................................3

BSC........................................................................................................................................3 BTS ........................................................................................................................................3

Chapter 2..................................................................................... 5

Product Features........................................................................................5 Advanced Technology .............................................................................................5 Compatibility..........................................................................................................6 Large Capacity .......................................................................................................6 High Integration .....................................................................................................6 Flexible Networking.................................................................................................6 Flexible Configuration..............................................................................................7 Multiple Bands........................................................................................................7 Diversified Transmission Modes................................................................................7 Series Connection of BSs.........................................................................................7 High Reliability........................................................................................................7 Convenient Operation and Maintenance....................................................................8

Chapter 3..................................................................................... 9

System Description ....................................................................................9

BSCB.....................................................................................................................9 System Appearance ................................................................................................................9 System Structure ....................................................................................................................9 System Functions..................................................................................................................10

BTSB I1...............................................................................................................11 System Appearance ..............................................................................................................11 System Structure ..................................................................................................................11 System Functions..................................................................................................................13

BTSB I2...............................................................................................................13 System Appearance ..............................................................................................................13 System Structure ..................................................................................................................14 System Functions..................................................................................................................14

BTSAE .................................................................................................................14 System Appearance ..............................................................................................................15 System Structure ..................................................................................................................15 System Functions..................................................................................................................15

CBTS I1...............................................................................................................16 System Appearance ..............................................................................................................16 System Structure ..................................................................................................................17 System Functions..................................................................................................................17

OBTS O1..............................................................................................................18 System Appearance ..............................................................................................................18 System Structure ..................................................................................................................18 System Functions..................................................................................................................18

OBTS O2..............................................................................................................19 System Appearance ..............................................................................................................19 System Structure ..................................................................................................................19 System Functions..................................................................................................................19

Chapter 4...................................................................................21

Service Functions .................................................................................... 21 1x Release A Service Feature.................................................................................21 1x EV-DO Service Function....................................................................................26 CDMA2000 Service Functions ................................................................................28 Functions Required by Non-RTT Protocol.................................................................29

Chapter 5...................................................................................33

Operation and Maintenance System....................................................... 33

System Architecture .............................................................................................33 OMM Architecture..................................................................................................................33 POMC/LOMC Architecture ......................................................................................................34

System Functions .................................................................................................35 Topology Management ..........................................................................................................35 Log Management ..................................................................................................................35 Policy Management ...............................................................................................................35 System Management ............................................................................................................35 Security Management............................................................................................................35 Report Management..............................................................................................................36 Configuration Management....................................................................................................36 Alarm Management...............................................................................................................36 Performance Management.....................................................................................................36 System Tools ........................................................................................................................37

Chapter 6...................................................................................39

Reliability Design..................................................................................... 39 System Design Reliability ......................................................................................39

Electromagnetic compatibility.................................................................................................39 System maintenance design ..................................................................................................39 Monitoring and handling system faults....................................................................................39

Hardware Design Reliability ...................................................................................40 Simplified design...................................................................................................................40 Component design ................................................................................................................40 Redundancy design ...............................................................................................................40

Software Design Reliability ....................................................................................41

Chapter 7...................................................................................43

Interfaces and Protocols......................................................................... 43

A Interface...........................................................................................................43 A1 Interface..........................................................................................................................44 A2 Interface..........................................................................................................................47 A1p Interface........................................................................................................................47 A2p Interface........................................................................................................................48 A3 Interface..........................................................................................................................48 A7 Interface..........................................................................................................................50 A8 Interface..........................................................................................................................52

A9 Interface..........................................................................................................................52 A10 Interface........................................................................................................................53 A11 Interface........................................................................................................................54 A8d Interface........................................................................................................................55 A9d Interface........................................................................................................................56 A10d Interface ......................................................................................................................57 A11d Interface ......................................................................................................................58 A12 Interface........................................................................................................................59 A13 Interface........................................................................................................................59

V5 Interface.........................................................................................................59 Um Interface........................................................................................................61

1x Um Interface....................................................................................................................61 1x EV-DO Um Interface.........................................................................................................63 BCMCS Um Interface.............................................................................................................67

Abis Interface.......................................................................................................68

Appendix A................................................................................71

Standards Compliance ............................................................................ 71

Appendix B................................................................................75

Lightning Specifications.......................................................................... 75

Appendix C................................................................................77

Safety Specifications............................................................................... 77

Appendix D ...............................................................................79

EMC Specifications .................................................................................. 79

Appendix E.................................................................................81

Environmental Specifications ................................................................. 81

Abbreviations ...............................................................................83

Figures..........................................................................................87

Tables ...........................................................................................89

Index ............................................................................................91

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION i

About this Technical Manual

ZXC10 BSSB system includes the entire range of ZTE’s ZXC10 series Base Transceiver Station (BTSB) and Base Station Controller (BSCB).

The whole ZXC10 BSSB documentation suite comprises:

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Guide to Documentation

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Technical Manual—Fundamentals

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Technical Manual—Product Overview

ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Technical Manual

ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Hardware Manual

ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Installation Manual—Hardware

ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Installation Manual—Software

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Operation Manual—Common Tools

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Operation Manual—Data Configuration

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Maintenance Manual—Routine Maintenance

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Technical Manual

ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Purpose of this Technical Manual This manual provides the basic information you need for the ZXC10 BSSB system.

Typographical Conventions ZTE documents employ the following typographical conventions.

TAB L E 1 - TY P O G R AP H I C AL C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Italics References to other guides and documents; parameter values

“Quotes” Links on screens

Bold Menus, menu options, input fields, radio button names, check boxes, drop-down lists, dialog box names, window names

CAPS Keys on the keyboard and buttons on screens and company name

Constant width Text that you type, program code, files and directory names, and function names

[ ] Optional parameters

{ } Mandatory parameters

| Select one of the parameters that are delimited by it

Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic

Checkpoint: Indicates that a particular step needs to be checked before proceeding further

Tip: Indicates a suggestion or hint to make things easier or more productive for the reader


Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION iii

Mouse Operation Conventions TAB L E 2 - M O U S E OP E R AT I O N C O N V E N T I O N S

Typeface Meaning

Click Refers to clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) once.

Double-click Refers to quickly clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left mouse button) twice.

Right-click Refers to clicking the secondary mouse button (usually the right mouse button) once.

Drag Refers to pressing and holding a mouse button and moving the mouse.


iv Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Safety Signs TAB L E 3 - S AF E T Y S I G N S

Safety Signs Meaning

Danger: Indicates an imminently hazardous situation, which if not avoided, results in death or serious injury. This symbol is limited to only extreme situations.

Warning: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

Caution: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. It also alerts users against unsafe practices.

Note: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not avoided, could result in injuries, equipment damage or interruption of services.

Erosion: Beware of erosion.

Electric shock: There is a risk of electric shock.

Electrostatic: The device may be sensitive to static electricity.

Microwave: Beware of strong electromagnetic field.

Laser: Beware of strong laser beam.

No flammables: Warning against storage of flammables.

No touching: Do not touch.

No smoking: The area/region forbids smoking.


Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION v

How to Get in Touch The following sections provide information on how to obtain support for the documentation and the software.

Customer Support If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions regarding your product, contact us by e-mail at [email protected]. You can also call our customer support center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 800-9830-9830.

Documentation Support ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this document. For further questions, comments, or suggestions on the documentation, you can contact us by e-mail at [email protected]; or you can fax your comments and suggestions to (86) 755 26772236. You can also explore our website at http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains various interesting subjects like documentation, knowledge base, forum, and service request.


vi Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION


Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 1

C h a p t e r 1

Overview

This chapter explains: ZXC10 BSSB position in a network.

ZXC10 BSSB applications.

BSSB is a high performance BSS (Base Station System) that is based on the IP technology. It can easily integrate with future CDMA2000 mobile communication networks.

BSSB Position in a Network Figure 1 describes the BSS position in a typical network. The BSS location is between Access Terminal (AT) and Core Network (CN), and constitutes the Access Network (AN) that processes radio signals, terminates radio protocols and connects MS with the core network.


2 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

F I G U R E 1 - BSS P O S I T I O N I N T H E N E T W O R K

The BSS comprises Base Station Controller (BSC) and Base Transceiver System (BTS). BSS establishes communication with AT over the Um interface and communicates with the core network through the corresponding A interface. V5 interfaces BSC and local exchange (not shown in the figure above).

1. The BTS lies between MS and BSC, and is responsible for bridging the gap between AT and core network.

i. On the radio side, BTS communicates with AT over CDMA air interface.

ii. On the network side, BTS communicates with BSC over Abis interface.

iii. In the forward direction, BTS first receives data from BSC over Abis interface. It implements CDMA coding and data modulation by converting baseband signals into RF signals followed by power amplification and subsequent transmission over RFE and antennas.

iv. In the reverse direction, BTS receives weak radio signals from AT over the antenna feeder and RFE. It performs low noise amplification, down-conversion, CDMA signal decoding and demodulation, and sends the signals to BSC over Abis interface.

2. BSC has overall control of BSS and establishes connection with BTS over Abis interface and the Mobile Switching Center Emulation (MSCe), Media Gateway (MGW), Packet Data Service Node (PDSN) and Dispatching Server Subsystem (DSS) connection over A interface. ZXCOMC or OMC for BSS O&M lies on the BSC side. OMC manages NEs

Chapter 1 - Overview


and provides a standard NMS interface to connect with upper-level NMC.

3. BSS, MSCe, MGW and Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) work in tandem to implement voice service and Short Messaging Service (SMS) of the traditional circuit domain.

4. BSS, PDSS and internet work in-sync to implement data service of the packet domain that leads to implementation of other data services. Addition of several core network function entities enables delivery of EV-DO multicast services.

5. BSS and DSS work in-sync to implement trunking communication services.

BSS Applications BSC ZXC10 BSCB is the ZTE product name for IP BSC.

With various BTSs attached on the downlink, implementation of flexible BSCB configuration provides diverse service functions. It applies to users supporting multiple services especially EV-DO service at the same time.

BTS ZTE’s all-IP series BTS products comprise:

ZXC10 BTSB I1

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - I1 also referred to as BTSB I1.

BTSB I1 is a BTS with enhanced IP functions and high reliability. A single BS supports eight carriers and three sectors or four carriers and six sectors at most, consuming 10 W/20 W power on average per carrier/sector. It applies to urban areas with heavy traffic and several carriers.

ZXC10 BTSB I2 ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - I2 also referred to as BTSB I2.

BTSB I2 is a compact BTSB I1 and applies a low-level configuration scheme combining high baseband performance with low RF cost. Cabinet installation combination supports at most twenty four carriers/sectors. It is applicable to urban areas and suburbs on a smaller network scale and fewer carriers.

ZXC10 BTSAE

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - AE also referred to as BTSAE.



BTSAE is the enhanced “IP+HIRS” BTS, and is applicable to the smooth upgrade of existing HIRS system supporting 1x EV-DO service.

ZXC10 CBTS I1

ZXC10 CDMA2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station - I1 also referred to as CBTS I1.

CBTS I1 is an economical BTS with basic functions. A single BS supports four carriers and three sectors at most, consuming 10 W/20 W power on average per carrier/sector. It is applicable to areas with heavy traffic and several carriers.

ZXC10 OBTS O1 ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station – O1 also referred to as OBTS O1.

OBTS O1 is an outdoor BTS comprising BDSB O1 cabinet, RFSB O1 cabinet and an optional external power system. BDSB O1 connects with RFSB O1 through fiber cables. RFSB O1 is a remote RF station capable of forming networks with other ZTE BSs. It features wide coverage and its application areas cover suburbs, plains, scenic spots, highways and railways.

OBTS O1 supports at most twenty four carrier-sectors for 1x applications and at most twelve carrier-sectors for DO applications when using IP-BDS. Average output power is 20 W/40 W.

ZXC10 OBTS O2 ZXC10 CDMA2000 Outdoor Base Transceiver Station - O2 also referred to as OBTS O2.

OBTS O2 is an outdoor BTS comprising BDSB O1 cabinet, RFSB O2 cabinet and optional external power system. BDSB O1 connects with RFSB O2 through fiber cables. RFSB O2 is an RF remote station, capable of forming networks with other ZTE BSs. It features wide coverage and applies to suburbs, plains, scenic spots, highways and railways.

OBTS O2 supports at most four carriers and three sectors when using IP-BDS. A single RFS supports four carriers and one sector, with an output power averaging 40 W/60 W.


C h a p t e r 2

Product Features

This chapter explains: ZXC10 BSSB product features.

Advanced Technology With an all-IP architecture and network fabric of high switching

throughput, it provides complete QoS guaranteeing high reliability.

3G BSS uses A1p and A2p interfaces to connect with 3G core network. Both A1p and A2p interfaces use IP transmission.

IP-based cUDP/PPPMux/MultilinkPPP over Abis interface for higher transmission efficiency.

Multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency technology reduces number of TRXs.

A single BS supports up to 120 carriers/sectors to realize ZTE’s patented super BS configuration.

Linear pre-distortion of high power amplifier implements linear power amplification.

Supports ZTE’s patented dynamic board logic and software downloads.

With transmission system of high multiplexing ratio at baseband RF interface, it supports ZTE’s patented data transmission of up to twenty-four carriers/sectors over a pair of fiber cables, ring networking and link backup/switchover with high reliability.

BSSB incorporates BCMCS (Broadcast and Multicast Service) technology. Several terminals receive only one copy of multicast IP stream over the air link significantly saving air link bandwidth.



Compatibility Based on all-IP architecture, BSSB can smoothly integrate into future

communication networks and gain from advantages associated with the all-IP networking. The system is also compatible with current ATM-based interfaces ensuring smooth expansion and upgrades.

IP BSC is compatible with ZTE’s former HIRS-based BSC. It can interwork and interconnect with HIRS-based BSCs allowing smooth upgrades. Compatibility advantages include connecting HIRS BTS to IP BSC, connecting HIRS BSS to IP BSC, connecting HIRS BTS and IP BTS to IP BSC with a single site address, and use of soft switch between HIRS BSC and IP BSC.

Large Capacity BSSB supports 2,500,000 voice subscribers at the rate of 0.02 Erl/user. In addition, the system supports 6 million PPP data service links and 120,000 active PPP data service connections.

High Integration Extensive application of network processors, advanced Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and CPU technologies help improve integration. IP BSC forms an office with only one shelf, supporting up to 60,000 subscribers with two shelves, and over 100,000 subscribers with a single rack. BTSB I1 is the smallest BTS available with 1.6 m height supporting 24 carriers/sectors. BTSB I1 brings power supply, transmission and monitoring systems into a single box.

Flexible Networking Networking modes between BSC and BTS comprise star, chain, and ring networking. Networks combine using any one of the above three modes.

BTS supports configuration involving separation of baseband section from RF section, and supports multi-sector remote RF module. There are multiple BS-RT networking modes: Local Single Mode A (LSA), Local Single Mode B (LSB), Remote Single Mode (RS), Local Extension Mode (LE), Remote Extension Mode (RE) and Mixed Extension Mode (ME).

Chapter 2 - Product Features


Flexible Configuration Different BS software configurations enable various implementations such as, eight carriers and three sectors, four carriers and six sectors, one carrier and twenty four sectors even while board and backplane remain unchanged, enabling high flexibility. BTS supports mixed insertion of channel boards such as 1x, 1x EV-DO and 1x EV-DV, facilitating maximum upgrade capability.

Multiple Bands The system supports multiple bands like 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 850 MHz and 1900 MHz.

Diversified Transmission Modes The system supports transmission modes such as optical fiber, microwave, satellite, HDSL/MDSL, and BWA.

Series Connection of BSs The range of configurations available suit most operators’ network

design plan and caters to large-capacity configuration, low-capacity configuration, large and small capacity coverage in urban and suburban areas.

Enables combination and supplementing of products in series effectively optimizing network quality and helps improve communication performance.

Interchange of modules: Most modules of BTSs connected in series are interchangeable, facilitating operators to perform backup maintenance.

Cordwood extension structure: Satisfies customers’ extension requirements at any time.

High Reliability Supports advanced Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) designs.

Remote RF supports fiber ring networking and link backup switchover. Independent link switchover and board switchover improves transmission reliability.



Clock system is compatible with Global Position System (GPS) and GLONASS system.

Some boards feature 1+1 hot backup and N+1 backup.

GPS Control Module (GCM) guarantees short-term clock stability. In case of synchronous GPS signal loss, lock status lasts for 24 hours facilitating normal BS operations.

Convenient Operation and Maintenance Unified style, user-friendliness and easy-to-operate features characterize Graphical User Interface (GUI) design. GUI provides topology view, tool bar, and real cabinet layout diagram, enabling high maintenance and management efficiency.


C h a p t e r 3

System Description

This chapter explains: ZXC10 BSCB product features.

All-IP BTS series products.

BSCB This section describes BSCB appearance, structure and functions.

System Appearance Figure 2 illustrates the BSCB cabinet appearance.

F I G U R E 2 - BSCB C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E

System Structure The BSCB cabinet comprises power distribution shelf, service shelf, GPS shelf and fan shelf from top to bottom. The shelves combine various functional boards to form an independent unit. Various service implementations follow different board configurations in the service shelf.



Service shelf functional categories are Level 1 switching shelf, control shelf and resource shelf.

Note: For BSCB cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) Base Station Controller - Hardware Manual.

System Functions BSCB functional categories are switching subsystem, digital/trunk subsystem, call control/signal processing subsystem, vocoder subsystem, packet data processing subsystem, Dispatching Client Subsystem (DCS), antenna protocol processing subsystem, clock subsystem, and maintenance and control subsystem.

Following section lists functions of the subsystems:

Switching Subsystem As system core, this subsystem is responsible for information exchange.

Digital/Trunk Subsystem This subsystem implements Abis interface and BSC interconnection functions providing IP, HIRS and ATM access.

Call Control/Signal Processing Subsystem This subsystem is responsible for Signaling System 7 (SS7) MTP3 signal processing, interface signaling layer-3 processing of A9, A3, A7, Abis and air interfaces, BSC resource allocation, partial mobile management function, partial BTS resource allocation and control, and system load balance and control.

Vocoder Subsystem This subsystem provides the vocoder function of voice encoding/decoding required by CDMA200 systems. The subsystem provides the IWF function of asynchronous circuit data service, G3 Fax service and Fax over IP support. The subsystem provides E1/T1 and STM-1 trunk interfaces to connect with traditional MSCs in addition to processing SS7 MTP1/2 signals.

Packet Data Processing Subsystem This subsystem implements packet data service.

DCS DCS implements PTT service.

Chapter 3 - System Description


Radio Protocol Processing Subsystem This subsystem completes voice and data service selection, MAC multiplexing and de-multiplexing, LAC signal processing and RLP data service processing.

Clock Subsystem The subsystem uses GPS or external (BITS, trunk) clock signals to provide the system with TOD and PP2S for system synchronization.

Control and Maintenance Subsystem This subsystem implements control and maintenance of functional subsystems of the BSC system and monitors environment variables such as, equipment room temperature, humidity, rack temperature, power supply, and control of unauthorized entry. It provides background NMS interface to implement foreground monitoring by background.

BTSB I1 This section describes BTSB I1 appearance, structure and functions.

System Appearance Figure 3 illustrates the BTSB I1 cabinet appearance.

F I G U R E 3 - BTSB I1 C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E

System Structure The BTSB I1 cabinet consists of RF Subsystem (RFS) cabinet, Baseband Digital System (BDS) cabinet and Power Subsystem (PWS) cabinet. As Figure 4 illustrates, the three cabinets combine in different ways.



F I G U R E 4 - AS S E M B L E D C AB I N E T S

RFS As BTSB I1 RF cabinet, RFS cabinet implements transmission/ reception and amplification of RF signals. The three RFS functional subracks are Transmitter Receiver (TRX) subrack, Power Amplifier (PA) subrack and Radio Front End (RFE) subrack.

BDS One cabinet has only one BDS subrack.



PWS Cabinet selection is as per requirement.

Note: For BTSB I1 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BTSB I1 Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.

System Functions Functionally, BTS I1 comprises BDS, RFS and PWS subsystems.

Functions of the subsystems are as follows:

BDS BDS implements Abis interface processing, CDMA baseband signal processing, RFS interface function and BS clock generation/distribution function.

The BDS types are Master BDS (MBDS) and Slave BDS (SBDS). A BTS system comprises MBDS and one to four/no SBDSs. Each MBDS or SBDS establishes connection with one local RFS or multiple remote RFSs over fiber cables.

RFS RFS implements modulation/demodulation between baseband and RF signals, in addition to amplification and reception of RF signals. RFS consists of local RFS, which connects with BDS through cables, and remote RFS, which connects to BDS through fiber cables.

PWS PWS implements AC-to-DC conversion, AC/DC distribution, monitoring and storage battery management, and provides -48 V BTS working power supply. Use of PWS is necessary only in the absence of -48 V DC power supply system in the equipment room.

BTSB I2 This section describes BTSB I2 appearance, structure and functions.

System Appearance Figure 5 illustrates the BTSB I2 cabinet appearance.



F I G U R E 5 - BTSB I2 C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E

System Structure The integrated BTSB I2 cabinet comprises five shelves from top to bottom that include, RFE, High Power Amplifier (HPA), PPM, TRX and BDS shelves. Each shelf contains different boards.

Note: For BTSB I2 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BTSB I2 Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.

System Functions BTSB I2 functionally comprises BDS and RFS.

BDS BDS implements digital baseband processing such as, CDMA signal modulation, demodulation, coding and decoding.

BTS must comprise one master cabinet and one/no slave cabinet.

RFS RFS performs signal up/down conversion, forward signal power amplification and backward signal low noise amplification, and provides antenna feeder interfaces.

RFS comprises Local RFS (LRFS) and Remote RFS (RRFS). A single BTS rack (one BDS) supports one LRFS that includes two carriers and three sectors and up to six RRFSs.

BTSAE This section describes BTSAE appearance, structure and functions.



System Appearance Figure 6 illustrates the BTSAE cabinet appearance.

F I G U R E 6 - BTSAE C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E

System Structure BTSAE cabinet comprises five subracks that include RFE, HPA, PPM, TRX and BDS shelves. Each shelf contains different boards. The system employs Enhanced BDS (EBDS) configuration in mixed mode of HIRS and IP modules.

Note: For BTSB I2 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BTS AE Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.

System Functions BTSB AE functionally comprises EBDS, RFS, Timing & Frequency Subsystem (TFS) and Power Subsystem (PS).

EBDS EBDS comprises HIRS BDS called EBDS-HS, and IP-BDS called EBDS-IP. EBDS implements 1x Release A and 1x EV-DO services.

Figure 7 illustrates EBDS slot diagram where the shaded parts contain EBDS-IP.



F I G U R E 7 - EBDS S L O T D I AG R AM

RFS RFS provides air interface over the antennas and communicates with BDS through RFIM. The RFS modulates/demodulates and transmits/receives CDMA signals. The system also provides the relevant detection, monitoring, configuration and control functions, and provides functions like cell breathing, blossoming, and wilting.

TFS As an important CDMA system component, TFS provides timing and frequency references and provides baseband and RF clock signals to the BDS and RFS.

PS The PS supplies power to BTS boards, monitors faults, and reports results to the background.

CBTS I1 This section describes CBTS I1 appearance, structure and functions.

System Appearance Figure 8 illustrates the CBTS I1 cabinet appearance.



F I G U R E 8 - CBTS I1 C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E

System Structure CBTS I1 comprises two shelves; upper shelf contains 17 slots, having BDS and TRX boards. The lower shelf contains RFE, Linear Power Amplifier (LPA) and Power Amplifier Interface Module (PIM).

Note: For CBTS I1 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 CBTS I1 Compact Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.

System Functions The CBTS I1 functionally comprises BDS and RFS. The use of PWS is necessary in the absence of -48 V DC power in the equipment room.

BDS BDS in a BTS best represents CDMA features including several key CDMA technologies such as, diversity technology, RAKE reception, softer handover, and power control. As BTS control center and communication platform, it implements Abis interface communications and CDMA baseband modulation/demodulation.

RFS RFS implements setting up of BTS RF link, including partial baseband processing, digital trunk, digital-analog conversion, RF modulation and demodulation, forward power amplification, backward low noise amplification, RFE functions. RFS comprises TRX and PA+RFE functional entities.

PWS PWS supplies power to the entire BTS, including AC-to-DC conversion, AC/DC distribution and monitoring, and storage battery management.



OBTS O1 This section describes OBTS O1 appearance, structure and functions.

System Appearance Figure 9 illustrates the appearance of OBTS O1 cabinets. OBTS O1 comprises BDSB O1 and RFSB O1 cabinets.

F I G U R E 9 - OBTS O1 S Y S T E M AP P E AR AN C E

1. RFSB O1 2. BDSB O1

System Structure BDSB O1 and RFSB O1 have no cabinet subrack, and boards/modules come pre-installed and fixed with the system.

Note: For BDSB O1 and RFSB O1 cabinet structures, refer to ZXC10 OBTS O1Outdoor Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.

System Functions OBTS O1 functionally comprises BDSB O1 and RFSB O1. The use of PWS is necessary in the absence of -48 V DC power.

BDSB O1 Outdoor baseband station BDSB O1 employs independent or RFSB O2 combined networking. Following lists the system functions:

Provides baseband resource pool, completes CDMA physical layer modulation and demodulation and supports up to twelve carriers/sectors for DO application and approximately twenty four carriers/sectors for 1x application.

BDSB O1 establishes BSC interconnection over the Abis interface and provides at most 16 × E1 and built-in STM-1 interface.

BDSB O1 establishes either indoor or outdoor RFSB interconnection through baseband - RF interface. It supports six pairs of fiber interfaces.



RFSB O1 Outdoor RF station RFSB O1 employs independent or BDSB O1 combined networking. It implements RF link processing in the forward direction and backward direction:

Link processing in the forward direction follows digital baseband → digital trunk → analog IF → RF → power amplification → duplex output.

Link processing in the backward direction follows duplex input → RF → analog IF → digital IF → digital baseband.

OBTS O2 This section describes OBTS O2 appearance, structure and functions.

System Appearance Figure 10 illustrates OBTS O2 cabinet appearance and comprises BDSB O1 and RFSB O2 cabinets. Both BDSB O1 and RFSB O2 cabinets are similar in appearance.

F I G U R E 10 - OBTS O2 S Y S T E M AP P E AR AN C E

System Structure BDSB O1 and RFSB O2 have no cabinet subrack, and boards/modules come pre-installed and fixed with the system.

Note: For BDSB O1 and RFSB O2 cabinet structures, refer to ZXC10 OBTS O2 Outdoor Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.

System Functions OBTS O2 functionally comprises BDSB O1 and RFS O2. The use of PWS is necessary in the absence of direct -48 V DC power.

BDSB O1 Outdoor baseband station BDSB O1 employs independent or RFSB O2 combined networking. Following lists the system functions:



Provides baseband resource pool, completes CDMA physical layer modulation and demodulation and supports twelve carriers/sectors in DO application and approximately twenty four carriers/sectors in 1x application.

BDSB O1 establishes BSC interconnection over the Abis interface and provides at most 16 × E1 and built-in STM-1 interface.

BDSB O1 establishes either indoor or outdoor RFSB interconnection through baseband - RF interface. It supports six pairs of fiber interfaces.

RFSB O2 Outdoor RF station RFSB O2 employs independent or BDSB O1 combined networking. It implements RF link processing in the forward direction and backward direction:

Link processing in the forward direction follows digital baseband → digital trunk → analog IF → RF → power amplification → duplex output.

Link processing in the backward direction follows duplex input → RF → analog IF → digital IF → digital baseband.


C h a p t e r 4

Service Functions

This chapter explains: ZXC10 BSSB functions.

ZXC10 BSSB service features.

1x Release A Service Feature Table 4 describes specific 1x release A functions.

TAB L E 4 - 1 X R E L E AS E A S E R V I C E FU N C T I O N S

Service Function Description

Supports setup of voice call originated from Mobile Station (MS).

Supports setup of voice call to MS.

Supports follow-on fast call setup.

Supports MS-originated voice call rejection and release under exceptional circumstances.

Supports MSC-originated voice call rejection and release under exceptional circumstances.

Supports BSS-originated voice call rejection and release under exceptional circumstances.

Supports 8K, 13K and 8K EVRC voice codes.

Supports SMV follow-on voice code.

Supports WSC follow-on voice code.

Supports follow-on TFO.

Supports Transcoder Free Operation (TrFO).

Supports Remote Transcoder Operation (RTO).

Supports follow-on circuit switched video conferencing calls.

Voice service

Supports follow-on voice-over-IP (VoIP).




Supports RC1/2 calls.

Supports RC3 calls.

Supports follow-on voice preference over packet (VPOP).

Supports preferred CIC calls.

Supports packet data service rates up to 307.2 Kb/s.

Supports setup of packet data call originated from MS.

Supports setup of packet data call to MS.

Supports MS-originated data call rejection and release under exceptional circumstances.

Supports MSC-originated data call rejection and release under exceptional circumstances.

Supports BSS-originated data call rejection and release under exceptional circumstances.

Supports PDSN-originated data call rejection and release under exceptional circumstances.

Supports status transition from Active to Dormant originated by MS and BSS.

Supports status transition from Dormant to Active originated by MS and PDSN.

Supports status transition from Active to NULL originated by MS and PDSN.

Supports status transition from Dormant to NULL originated by MS.

Supports FSCH scheduling.

Supports configurable FSCH scheduling.

Supports RSCH scheduling.

Supports configurable RSCH scheduling.

Supports FSCH hard handoff.

Supports FSCH soft handoff.

Supports follow-on short data bursts to PDSN.

Supports follow-on short data bursts to the MS.

BSC rejects follow-on short data bursts to MS.

Supports follow-on ISDN Interworking.

Supports follow-on AAA-based radio network packet data inactivity timer (RN-PDIT).

Supports follow-on always-on service.

Supports follow-on flow control.

Supports follow-on 1x-Evolved high-speed integrated data and voice.

Supports follow-on flexible rates.

Supports follow-on enhanced rate adaptation mode (ERAM).

Packet data service

Chapter 4 - Service Functions



Supports IS707.4 protocol.

Supports IS707.7 protocol.

Supports asynchronous data service.

Supports G3 fax service.

Supports analog fax service.

Supports circuit data service built-in IWF of BSC.

Supports fax from fixed station to fixed telephone.

Supports fax between fixed stations.

Circuit data service

Supports fax from fixed network to fixed station.

Supports call wait.

Supports three-party service.

Supports call forwarding.

Supports call transfer.

Supports emergency calls.

Supports DTMF function.

Supplementary service

Provides carrier access selection for subscribers.

Supports setup of data service with concurrent originated voice call services.

Supports setup of data service with concurrent terminated voice call services.

Supports setup of voice service with concurrent originated data call services.

Supports setup of voice service with concurrent terminated data call services.

Supports MS-originated concurrent packet data service.

Supports MS-originated concurrent voice service.

Supports single-instance release originated by MS/MSC/PDSN in concurrent service status.

Supports all-call release originated by MS/MSC/PDSN in concurrent service status.

Supports handoff during concurrent services.

Supports pseudo concurrent services.

Supports reactivation from dormant status up on network-originated call during voice service activation over MS.

Concurrent service

Supports reactivation from dormant status up on network-originated call when MS completes handoff of voice service in the BSS or between PCFs during concurrent voice service activation over MS.

Supports MS-originated control channel SMs. Short message service

Supports MS-terminated control channel SMs.




Supports MS-originated service channel SMs.

Supports MS-terminated service channel SMs.

Supports broadcast of SMs.

Supports 5 ms follow-on messaging.

Supports Markov calling service.

Supports called service that Markov originates from OMC.

Supports TDSO calling service.

Supports TDSO called service.

Test call service

Supports statistics of test call parameters.

Supports access handoff of each service call.

Supports tentative access handoff of each service call.

Supports assigned soft handoff entry of each service call.

Supports access entry handoff of each service call.

Supports service call handoff at service negotiation phase.

Supports RC semisoft handoff replacement of each service call.

Supports FO semisoft handoff replacement of each service call.

Supports carrier semisoft handoff replacement of each service call.

Supports HandDown and HandOver semisoft handoff modes of each service call.

Supports inter-BSC hard handoff add-on of each service call.

Supports inter-BSC hard handoff drop of each service call.

Supports inter-MSC hard handoff add-on of each service call.

Supports inter-MSC hard handoff drop of each service call.

Supports soft/softer handoff of each service call.

Supports quick soft/softer handoff of each service call.

Supports soft handoff between interconnected BSCs with voice service function.

Supports 6-party soft handoff.

Supports configurable number of PNs for valid soft handoff sets.

Voice service handoff

Supports PilotBeacon handoff.

Supports active handoff between BSC and PCF under same PDSN.

Supports active handoff between BSC and PCF under different PDSNs.

Supports dormant handoff between BSC and PCF under same PDSN.

Supports dormant handoff between BSC and PCF under different PDSNs.

Supports active handoff from 3G to 2G.

Packet data service handoff

Supports active handoff from 2G to 3G.




Supports dormant handoff from 3G to 2G.

Supports dormant handoff from 2G to 3G.

Supports follow-on fast handoff.

Supports alternate dormant handoff.

Supports intergeneration packet data handoff.

Supports soft handoff code combination (CCSH).

Controls MS registration process of MS power-on, power-off and timing, as well as registration alteration depending on distance and parameters.

Updates SSD of control channel.

Updates SSD of service channel.

Controls parameter update process.

Manages unique authentication of control channel.

Manages unique authentication of service channel.

Controls follow-on voice, data and signaling encryption process.

Supports terminal status query.

Message wait indication (MWI).

Mobility management

Supports service redirection.

Blocks terrestrial circuit.

Unblocks terrestrial circuit.

Resets terrestrial circuit.

Resets global system.

Changes vocoder mode.

Terrestrial circuit management

Supports overload control.

Supports channel element configuration.

Supports pilot channel configuration.

Supports paging channel configuration.

Supports access channel configuration.

Supports quick paging channel configuration.

Supports FCH configuration.

Supports DCCH configuration.

Supports SCH configuration.

Supports CE resource front backward allocation.

Supports frame offset resource backward allocation.

Supports Walsh Code resource forward allocation.

Supports backward open loop power control.

Radio resource management

Supports backward closed/outer loop power control.




Supports backward outer loop power control.

Supports forward closed loop power control.

Supports follow-on rescue channel.

Supports follow-on reverse FCH gating.

Supports follow-on network directed system selection.

Supports voice service function of V5 interface.

Supports packet data service function of V5 interface.

Supports circuit data service function of V5 interface.

Supports inter-BSC roaming of V5 interface.

Supports inter-BSC soft handoff of V5 interface.

Optimizes overload control of V5 signaling link.

Supports mobile order wire of V5 interface.

V5 interface

Supports display of V5 caller number.

Supports service negotiation function and service option negotiation function.

Supports caller number display/restriction.

Supports coherent demodulation of BTS backward link.

Answer holding.

User follow-on zone.

Supports OTASP (Over-the-air service provisioning)/OTAPA (over the air parameter administration).

Accounting update due to parameter changes.

Data ready to send (DRS) indicator.

Previous and current access network identifiers (PANID/CANID).

PDSN selection algorithm.

Supports follow-on common channel packet data (CCPD).

Supports location service function.

Supports public CDMA WLL service function.

Supports global service redirection function.

Other service functions

Supports equipment operation and maintenance function.

1x EV-DO Service Function Table 5 describes specific 1x EV-DO functions.



TAB L E 5 - 1 X EV-DO S E R V I C E FU N C T I O N S


Supports forward traffic channel variable-data-rate transmission from 4.8 Kb/s to 3.072 Mb/s.

Supports reverse traffic channel peak rate at 1.8432 Mbps.

Supports 1x EV-DO location management.

Supports IS856 authentication.

Supports 1x EV-DO access authentication.

Supports key exchange.

Supports session establishment.

Supports session hold.

Supports session release.

Supports protocol and configuration parameter negotiation.

Supports AT-originated connection establishment.

Supports AN-originated connection establishment in common mode.

Supports AN-originated connection establishment in quick mode.

Supports connection release.

Supports reactivation of AT status from Dormant to Active.

Supports quick access channel connection establishment.

Supports variable and fixed rate of forward service channels.

Supports 1x EV-DO idle handoff.

Supports intra-BSC soft handoff.

Supports intra-BSC softer handoff.

Supports forward virtual soft handoff.

Supports inter-AN handoff via A13 interface.

Call Processing handoff

Supports idle handoff from 1x to 1x EV-DO.

Supports idle handoff from 1x EV-DO to 1x.

MS/AT receives voice calls from 1x network during packet data session of Active 1x EV-DO.

Supports Active packet data handoff from 1x to 1x EV-DO.

Supports Active packet data handoff from 1x EV-DO to 1x.

Supports enhanced control channel.

Supports overhead message protocol.

Supports timeslot mode of control channel.

Supports forward channel scheduling.

Supports backward capacity overload control.

Wireless Channel Management

Supports user congestion overload control.




Supports forward flow maximum rate limit.

Supports multiple A8/A10 connections.

Supports multi-flow packet application configuration attribute and session information.

Supports forward/reverse multiple RLP flows.

Supports admission control.

QoS

Supports QoS scheduling in Forward link.

BCMCS Supports Broadcast-Multicast Service

CDMA2000 Service Functions Table 6 describes specific CDMA2000 service functions.

TAB L E 6 – CDMA2000 S E R V I C E FU N C T I O N S


Group call. Basic Services

Private call.

Broadcast call.

Short number dialing.

Emergency call.

Pre-emptive priority call.

Priority: includes call priority, service priority, and group member call right preemption priority.

Queue application with call right.

Late join.

Call status prompt.

Dynamic regrouping.

Wireless group management.

Radio status query of group members.

Group number presentation.

User number presentation and display restriction.

Incoming call alert on busy or call alert.

Talking Time Limitation.

Out of service area indication.

Supplementary Services

Missed call prompt.




Trunking call forwarding.

Call barring.

Forced insertion/disassembly of dispatch console.

Do not disturb. Dispatch Management Dispatch console.

Functions Required by Non-RTT Protocol Table 7 describes specific non-RTT protocol functions.

TAB L E 7 - FU N C T I O N S R E Q U I R E D B Y N O N -RTT P R O T O C O L


Supports RF long haul and overhaul coverage function of BTS (AE/I2).

Supports different bands of BTS under one BSC.

Supports adoption of different bands at different sectors under one BTS.

Supports architecture for separation of baseband and RF.

Supports system concatenation of BDS.

Supports monitoring of peripheral BTS power supply, which is exclusive to ZTE power supply system.

Supports smooth upgrade of 1x Release A, EV-DO and future EV-DV for mixed insertion with channel boards.

Supports large-mode BS function of CHM5K.

Supports multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency.

Supports RF system pre-distortion (for I1/CBTS systems).

Provides primary power supply integration of BTSB I1, CBTS, OBTS O1 and OBTS O2, and supports direct supply of 220AC/110AC/-48VDC power.

Provides environment monitoring integration.

Provides order wire integration (support schedule: in 2006).

Provides built-in SDH integration.

Supports forward transmit diversity (support schedule: in 2006).

Supports receive diversity.

Non-RTT Protocol Functions

Supports low noise amplifiers of primary diversity.




Supports broadband combiner and narrowband combiner (filter combiner).

Supports distributed processing platform.

Supports DSP noise suppression.

Supports DSP echo cancellation.

Supports call setup when GPS has no antenna feeder.

Supports GLONASS clock function.

Supports optical fiber transmission of A interface.

Supports T1 transmission of A interface and Abis interface.

Supports star and chain networking of Abis interface.

Supports star, chain and ring networking between the base band and RF (support schedule: multi-networking support not until first half of 2006).

Supports radio frequency.

Supports No.7 American standard.

Supports automatic calibration.

Supports PA enabling, management and re-enabling functions.

Supports “1+1” active and standby modes for all system control boards and key boards.

Supports active/standby switchover and call protection of key system processing modules.

Supports load sharing and link backup for communication via Abis interface, and supports fiber networking backup.

BTSB I1 and CBTS support fiber ring networking and link backup for long-haul RFS, and link switchover and board switchover being independent of each other.

All boards support powerful “system hot swap” function.

Provides system redundancy of channel elements, vocoder elements, selector elements and PCF elements in the form of resource pools.

Blocks or unblocks each carrier frequency.

Supports multi-carrier call load balance.

Supports calls at a specified carrier frequency.

Supports dynamic call adjustment between carrier frequencies.

Supports sharing and allocation of optimization load of BSC resources.

Supports CE carrier frequency and sector sharing.

Supports dynamic download and upgrade of FPGA/BTS BOOT (exclusive to IP base stations)/MCU/CPU system software.

Supports forward power overload control of cells.

Supports power overload control of backward equivalent users.

Supports adjustment of power control threshold.




Supports setting of diverse FER threshold management for different SCH rates.

Supports CMP/CCM call overload control.

Supports No.7 link overload control.

Supports attenuation control of transmitting/receiving links.

Supports configurable test call parameters.

Supports tool (NTP) for performance parameter statistics and analysis of test calls.

Supports test calls made with a specified resource.

Supports dynamic system resource occupancy status query.

Supports sensitivity test of backward wireless links.

Supports RSSI detection.

Supports recording and analysis of call exceptions that occur during signal tracing, service observation, performance statistics and exception probe.

Supports GPS clock fault detection.

Supports secondary paging.

Supports secondary channel assignment.

Supports configurable interval for transmitting ECAM messages.

Supports frame number check.

Supports configurable frame number check.

Supports dynamic adjustment of frame threshold check backward deletion.





C h a p t e r 5

Operation and Maintenance System

This chapter explains: ZXC10 BSSB OMC structure and functions.

BSS implements system O&M functions through OMC. OMC software follows client/server architecture. The application server receives requests from clients, implements service and database processing, and sends requests to BSS. It then processes and returns results to the client, realizing O&M functions. The server manages all service functions in a centralized manner, and handles processing, which the client cannot realize.

System Architecture OMC provides network management at each level like Provincial Operation & Maintenance Center (POMC), Local Operations and Maintenance Center (LOMC), and Operation and Maintenance Module (OMM).

OMM Architecture Each OMM manages NE including sub-devices. As Figure 11 illustrates, the standard configuration consists of two OMM servers, two maintenance consoles and one alarm box.



F I G U R E 11 - OMM AR C H I T E C T U R E

OMMServer OMMServer Maintenance console

Maintenance console

HUB

Data

Alarm box

NE

As Figure 11 illustrates, if NE does not offer 1x EV-DO function, addition of session server to the architecture becomes necessary.

POMC/LOMC Architecture As Figure 12 illustrates, POMS architecture is similar to LOMC. The difference lies in POMC interconnection with LOMC and OMM. LOMC enables only centralized management of multiple OMMs. The hardware comprises server, work station and communication equipment. The server implements disk array configuration. The communication equipment comprises router and interface converter to communicate with lower level OMM. OMM implements the corresponding communication equipment configuration.

F I G U R E 12 - POMC/LOMC AR C H I T E C T U R E

HUB

OMCServer OMCServer

Disk array

Work station

Work station

Interface converter

POMC / LOMC

Router

Interface converter

Alarm box

Interface converter

...

Interface converter

OMM 1 OMM 2 OMM 3 LOMC

Chapter 5 - Operation and Maintenance System


System Functions Topology Management Displays topology connection, link connection/disconnection and operational status of all managed NEs in the form of topology map. Main topology management functions cover:

Network layout topology map zoom in, zoom out and filter.

Topology monitor function displays the managed network topology map in a dynamic and real time mode, and monitors network resource configuration, alarms and performance.

Topology map configuration.

Log Management Log records system background status information during system operations. System logs cover command log, event report log, security log and system log. Log management implements log query, deletion, filter, and backup functions.

Policy Management Policy management enables NMS to automatically perform specific operations in special conditions, such as backup and clearance of log database and synchronization of upper-level and lower-level performance tasks.

System Management Implements IP address management along with application server and database management inside the system. Following lists system management functions:

IP equipment management includes workstation, application server and database server.

Application server management is part of system management tool to view server performance, server performance background monitoring configuration.

Manage database server to back up/recover, view, clear and set the database maintenance plan.

Security Management Ensure legal system use by authorized users. The following lists security management functions:

Manage roles, user groups and users, and ensure that login users have limited management rights to certain NEs.

View or customize user account rule.



Manage login users.

Report Management NMS (Network Management System) software provides standard default reports like query, deletion, preview, export, ad print functions, which the user can customize accordingly.

Configuration Management Configuration management covers physical equipment configuration, radio resource configuration, and SS7 configuration.

Physical configuration includes BSS physical equipment at the background database including, BSS, BSC, BTS, racks, shelves, boards, chips, units and physical equipment, and their connections. SS7 and radio configuration is as per physical configurations.

Radio resources include CE, frame offset, radio channels, WALSH code and power. Configuration of resources, BSSs, cells, carriers and channels are such that enable foreground to reasonably allocate and release resources.

Signal configuration refers to BSC signal parameter configurations that include local exchange (BSC) configuration, neighbor exchange (MSC) configuration, MTP configuration (or SIGTRAN configuration) and SSN configuration.

After configuration, data integrity check, and in case of no error, information synchronization occurs with respect to foreground through data synchronization module to make information effective in the foreground.

Alarm Management Alarm management module can monitor NEs of the entire network, collect abnormal information found in NE operation, and displays information collected in text, graphics, sound and lights. This mechanism informs O&M personnel in time of alarm information, and enables them to take appropriate action, ensuring the base station system runs normally and reliably. Following lists PIM functions:

Alarm collection

Alarm handling by category/level

Alarm display, query, and statistical analysis

Alarm rule handling

Alarm repository

Alarm synchronization

Controlling foreground NE

Performance Management Performance management provides statistics and analysis functions for gauging system performance. It helps users discover hidden problems

Chapter 5 - Operation and Maintenance System


early, and enables them to take corrective action to balance network load and improve network performance. In addition, it helps users predict network expansion picture in advance by performing analysis on some call performance indices. Performance management also obtains technical data of network optimization to provide reference basis for studying coverage, traffic capacity and system scale in the target district during network planning. Following lists PIM functions:

Performs data collection and report.

Customize, query, modify and delete performance tasks.

Query original performance data. Original performance data is according to BSC, BTC, CELL and sub-system. Service types consist of voice service, data service, short message service and PTT service.

Provides system performance index calculation formula.

Sets query condition by means of statistics template. Flexibly queries all system performance indices.

Customize index required by users based on system default performance index, and customize statistics template to query such indices.

System Tools For convenience of debugging and system management, OMC provides a variety of debugging tools to manage distributed version files, monitor operational status of communications and processes, debug system and view system resource information. Following lists the tools involved.

Diagnost ic Test Test base station equipment, switching equipment boards, communication link and other CDMA mobile telecommunication network hardware equipment to ascertain the equipment operational status, and help users diagnose fault position and fault cause. Test items consist of module test, communication test and special tests. Test modes include instant test and routine test. Version Management Implements upgrade and version maintenance of CPU software, FPGA software, MCU software, BOOT software on the BSS foreground hardware module. Version management performs version download, query synchronization, maintenance, and parameter management of boards in the BSS.

Base Stat ion Informat ion Monitor ing Provides real-time observation and history query functions for base station system indices like, use of system resources, RFS radio data real-time observation, use of CES link. Enables users monitor real-time operational status of various indices leading to easy implementation and maintenance.

Dynamic Management



Monitors base station system data. Enables users to operate foreground physical equipment resources like VE, SE, CHIM, FWDCE, REVCE, CE, wireless resources like cell, carrier frequency, No.7 signaling link, terrestrial circuit, etc. on the background, set foreground parameters by man-machine interaction. The purpose is to manage dynamic system resources and dynamic parameters, and to provide necessary technical instruments for system debugging and management.

Signal Tracing Signal tracing modules perform application layer signal tracing. Tracing objects include standard interfaces like A interface, air interface, internal interfaces like Abis interface, Am interface, and MTP3 layer and SCCP intra-office signaling. System can show trace signals, display signal structure tree, save signals to file and view history files. It also provides reference tool for system debugging and operations.

Monitor ing Services Provide debugging tools to monitor the operational status of services. Main functions are monitoring process data area, service process number, call, release, switching, SCH services etc.


C h a p t e r 6

Reliability Design

This chapter explains: ZXC10 BSSB system hardware and software design reliability.

System Design Reliability Electromagnetic compatibility ZXC10 BSSB complies with international Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards associated with communication products.

System maintenance design Simple internal cable routing inside the cabinet enables easy cable removal when replacing faulty boards. Such situations require removing only cables related to a particular faulty board. When replacing boards, directly unplug, plug and replace boards. Indicator flash helps identify normal system operational status.

Monitoring and handling system faults The system automatically detects, diagnoses software and hardware faults, reports and generates corresponding alarms. It records and outputs faults, and simultaneously collects environment information, and helps identify problems and reports them in real time.



Hardware Design Reliability Simplified design A simple system design and reasonable function layout reduces the number of board types. The board design involves minimum complications while ensuring full functionality.

Component design Stringent quality controls on components ensure component reliability. Use of universal components belonging to a standard manufacturer ensures ease of component replacement and reliable functioning.

According to design requirements, component de-rating further improves component reliability.

For power components that are part of power converter and AC/DC power module, load power under normal operations is less than 70% of rated output power.

For used IC components, serving frequency rate is less than the maximum permissible frequency. Components like FPGA, EPLD, SDRAM and RS-422 drive require de-rating.

To reduce instant current impact, all ICs have a decoupling capacitor at the input power end.

The capacitor dielectric strength is usually greater than 30% of working voltage.

Redundancy design Some boards follow 1+1 hot backup mode and N+1 hot backup. Power section follows mutual backup.

Thermal Design BSC and BTS follow forced air cooling to keep working temperature within reasonable range in the rack. Larger power consumption by high power amplifier necessitates use of exclusive air ducts.

Protection Design Working ground of internal grounding cable is separate from protection.

Internal grounding with external ground connection requires uniform grounding of rack exterior while maintaining overall grounding resistance less than or equal to 5 ohm.

Interference Resistance Design Rack power inlet port configuration with power cable filter enables resistance to interference and radiation.

Chapter 6 - Reliability Design


The rack power input interface and AC/DC rack position configuration corresponds to resistance protection from surge current and voltage.

Security Design Electrical risk resistance design

Separating rack shelves from working ground satisfy relevant insulation requirements.

Mechanical risk resistance design

Scientific distribution of the gravity center of rack ensures rack stability after normal installation.

Design Test For all board designs, tests under normal operations ensure reliability. Lower level board configuration tests with corresponding I2C and RS-485 interfaces ensure proper board design.

Software Design Reliability Software development conforms to Capability Maturity Model (CMM) specifications. Stringent technical analysis and reviews improve performance.

Demand Analysis Stage Demand information collection, careful analysis and review of demand description ensures description completeness and accuracy.

Design Stage Applications of following designs ensure software reliability:

Structured and modular program design application.

Error tolerance design application.

General, overall and detailed design is subject to stringent technical review.

Walkthrough, inspection and peer review enables code defect examination.

Function point design features high cohesion and low coupling. Software modules are not closely related. Occurrence of abnormal conditions on function points ensure fault is hard to spread enabling easy and convenient fault tracing and removal.

Key operation supports backtrack.

Availability of flow control function.



When the system informs users of operation completion in a closed server environment, all configuration data from the last operational state remain in the next booting.

OMC detects the discrepancy arising out of foreground equipment. It completes data synchronization in manual or automatic mode.

In normal operational status, different data and states in the client, server and equipment make detection and recovery possible.

Input data is subject to consistency examination. In addition, data protection function is available.

Login and operation security protection is available.

Regular operational data backup is available in addition to key system software configuration files. These measures ensure data reconstruction of the latest backup point after complete system collapse.

Test Stage Tests are an essential instrument to improve software quality.

Independent development stages of software modules involve application of strict emulated verification in the unit test. The integration test plan follows module development completion. System test begins on successful integration test completion. System test comprises system performance test, service function test, interface protocol consistency test, system capacity test and system large load test. On attaining system test maturity, access network test starts. On-site trial test follows the successful completion of access network test.

Application of test data improves design.

Maintenance Stage The software patch function upgrades the designated functional modules on-line instead of interfering with normal software operations.


C h a p t e r 7

Interfaces and Protocols

This chapter explains: Interface types in typical CDMA networks – A Interface, V5 interface,

Um interface, and Abis interface.

Base Station System (BSS) provides several external interfaces such as, A interface, V5 interface and Um interface. The communication interface between BSS and Mobile Switching Center Emulation (MSCe)/Media Gateway (MGW), Packet Data Service Node (PDSN), and Packet Control Function (PCF) is the A interface. The A interface conforms to IOS5.0 and IOS4.* standards. Interface between Mobile Station (MS) and BSS is Um interface, interface between BSC and local exchange is V5, interface between BSC and BTS is Abis and conforms to IS-2000 Release A specifications and CDMA 2000 HRPD definition.

A Interface Figure 13 illustrates A Interface in a 1x network.



F I G U R E 13 - A I N T E R F AC E I N A 1 X N E T W O R K

Figure 14 illustrates A Interface in a 1x EV-DO network.

F I G U R E 14 - A I N T E R F AC E I N A 1 X EV-DO N E T W O R K

According to illustrations of Figure 13 and Figure 14, external A interfaces of BSS include A1/A1p, A2/A2p, A3, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A8d, A10d, A11d, A12, and A13 interfaces.

A1 Interface The A1 interface bears signaling messages related to call processing, mobility management, radio resource management, authentication, and encryption between the BSS and MSC.

Figure 15 illustrates the A1 interface protocol structure.

Chapter 7 - Interfaces and Protocols


F I G U R E 15 - A1 I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T R U C T U R E

Physical Layer Multiple standard interfaces such as E1, T1 or STM-1.

Message Transfer Part (MTP) and SCCP layers MTP1, MTP2, MTP3 and SCCP are SS7 signaling protocol contents. As Figure 16 illustrates, the basic SS7 functional structure consists of MTP and User Part (UP).

F I G U R E 16 - SS7 B AS I C FU N C T I O N AL S T R U C T U R E

UP

UP

UP

UP

UP

UPMTP

As the message transfer system, MTP reliably transmits signaling messages between communicating users. According to specific functions, three levels of MTP classification exists. As Figure 17 illustrates the three levels and UP together form the 4-level SS7 structure.



F I G U R E 17 - MTP H I E R AR C H I C AL S T R U C T U R E

Signaling data link level


Signaling link control level


Signaling network function level

Signaling network function level

User level User level Level 4

Signaling point A

Signaling point B

Level 3

Level 2

Level 1

Level 1 (MTP1)

MTP1 defines the physical, electrical function features and link access methods of data link signaling.

Level 2 (MTP2) MTP2 defines the function and program of transferring signaling messages over data link. Level 2, along with MTP1 ensures that transfer of signaling messages takes place reliably over two signaling points.

Level 3 (MTP3) MTP3 helps transmit messages to the proper signaling link or UP. In the face of barrier or congestion, this level can complete the recombination of network signaling to ensure reliable transfer of signaling messages.

Level 4 Level 4 is an application layer that consists of a variety of UPs. In the example, A1 level signaling occurs prior to SCCP level expansion.

In order to expand SS7 transport function and maintaining consistency between SS7 and OSI reference model, addition of MTP3 to SCCP and TC modules suit applications of SS7 to IN, NMS, Public Land Mobile Network and N-ISDN supplementary services.

Signaling transmission model formed by MTP and SCCP is similar to the bottom three OSI layers. MTP1 performs the OSI physical layer function and MTP2 performs the OSI data link layer function. MTP3 and SCCP perform the OSI network layer function together.

Compared with IOS2.1 version, IOS4.X standard defines more A1 signaling interface contents:

Support for packet data call.

Support for preferred terrestrial circuit.



A2 Interface As Figure 18 illustrates, A2 and A1 interfaces pair up, A1 bearing PCM data signals, and A2 bearing voice services at the rate of 64 Kb/s or 56 Kb/s.

F I G U R E 18 - A2 I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T AC K S T R U C T U R E

64/56 kbit/s PCM Data

E1/T1

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) is a voice code modulation where analog voice conversion takes place at 64 Kb/s or 56 Kb/s using analog/data conversion and PCM code. In China and Europe the code rule where PCM transmits each received voice channel at 64 Kb/s over E1 trunk lines. In the American μ code rule PCM transmits received voice channels at 56 Kb/s over T1 trunk lines.

A1p Interface 2G BSS uses A1 and A2 interfaces to connect with 3G CS core network. ADM transmission uses both A1 and A2 interfaces.

3G BSS uses A1p and A2p interfaces to connect with 3G CS core network. IP transmission uses both A1p and A2p interfaces.

A1p interface functions as the signaling interface connecting MSC and 3G BSC. Figure 19 illustrates the A1p protocol stack structure.

F I G U R E 19 - A1 P I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T AC K S T R U C T U R E

SCTP SCTP provides a reliable message transport in IP networks.

An association is a SCTP connection between two endpoints. A logical aggregation of streams constitutes one SCTP association. A stream is a



unidirectional logical channel between two endpoints. Bi-directional communication requires two streams, one for each direction. SCTP specifies the user stream attaching each user message originating from the user application. A stream identifier exists for each stream within an association. Each SCTP stream is an independent flow of user messages flowing from one node to another. This stream independent characteristic provides a mechanism to avoid and/or manage blocking between streams.

SUA SUA supports signaling messages between the MSCe and BS. BSAP uses one SUA signaling connection for the transfer of layer 3 (A1p) messages per MS.

SUA uses both connectionless (Class 0) and connection-oriented (Class 2) procedures to support BSAP. The procedures in this specification identify whether connection-oriented or connectionless procedures can use each layer 3 (A1p) procedure.

The use of SUA is within the standards defined in the equivalent subset of SCCP functions.

A2p Interface The A2p interface functions as the voice bearer service interface connecting MGW and 3G BSC. Figure 20 illustrates the A2p protocol stack structure.

F I G U R E 20 - A2 P I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T AC K S T R U C T U R E

The protocol stack options for transport of user traffic over A2p available to operators and manufacturers include EVRC or SMV, PCM (G.711), 13K, DTMF.

A3 Interface The mobile station uses A3 interface for soft handoff (Base Station Controller [BSC] interconnection) of signaling and service information between BSSs in the service channel state.



A3 interfaces are of two types: A3 signaling interface and A3 service interface. Figure 21 illustrates the protocol stack structure of A3 signaling interface.

F I G U R E 21 – A3 I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T AC K S T R U C T U R E

Physical Layer

IP

AAL5

ATM

TCP

A3 Signal

Physical Layer The ZXC10 BSSB equipment uses E1/T1 trunk cables or Ethernet.

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a data transfer mode that combines packet transfer with circuit transfer features. This mode breaks down the digital information into data blocks of 48 bits each. Each data block adds header data (cell header in ATM terminology) at the beginning of data blocks. They form the cell with 53 bits. This feature is similar to packet transfer.

Cells from different message sources queue in the receiving buffer. According to the “first in and first out” principle, they are output to the transmission line. This feature is similar to packet transfer. The difference lies in the fact that ATM cell has fixed length and that data packet length is variable.

Because of ATM fixed cell length, time-division multiplexing mode employs use of similar circuit transfer. The ATM cell placed in circuit transmission evolves to ATM transmission mode. Different from circuit transfer mode, ATM cells do not have fixed time slot numbers.

AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer (ATM Adaptation Layer) provides adaptation function to various ATM transmission services, and makes the service suitable for ATM transfer. AAL uses five different protocols: AAL1, AAL2, AAL3, AAL4 and AAL5. AAL5 uses A3 interface; AAL2 uses A7 interface. AAL5 transmits larger data packets; AAL2 enables voice service transmission at variable transfer rates.

IP IP is the TCP/IP network layer protocol. IP packets contain destination and transmitting end IP addresses.



TCP TCP is the TCP/IP transport layer protocol that provides connection-oriented and flow control services to packet data ensuring reliable packet transmission. TCP packets contain the destination application TCP port number and transmitting end application TCP port number.

A3 Signaling A3 signaling establishes one or more A3 service interface links. It releases an established A3 service interface link and provides the function of notifying the home service channel status change.

Figure 22 illustrates the A3 service interface protocol stack structure.


Physical Layer

AAL2

ATM

SSSAR

A3 Traffic

SSSAR

SSSAR offers segmentation and reassembly function for specific services. Segments the upper layer PDU and forwards it to AAL2; reassembles the received AAL2 data in upper layer PDU according to a specific order and forwards it to the upper layer protocol stack.

A7 Interface A7 interface switching occurs between BSSs when the mobile station is beyond the service channel state.

Figure 23 illustrates the A7 interface protocol stack structure.


Physical Layer

IP

AAL5

ATM

TCP

A7 Signal



Physical Layer See section on A3 Interface.

ATM Layer See section on A3 Interface.

AAL5 For A, see section on A3 Interface.

IP Layer See section on A3 Interface.

TCP Layer See section on A3 Interface.

A7 Signaling Following lists the A7 signaling functions:

Supports soft/softer handoff between BSSs.

Supports access or access probe handoff between BSSs.

Supports channel assignment and soft/softer handoff between BSSs.

Source BSS requests destination BSS to allocate resources to support specific calls.

Destination BSS responds to source BSS request to allocate resources.

Source BSS requests destination BSS to release radio resources to support the physical channel.

Destination BSS responds to the source BSS request to release resources.

Destination BSS requests the source BSS to remove one or more cells.

Source BSS responds to destination BSS request to remove cell(s).

Source BSS requests sending of specific message over the specific paging channel of destination BSS.

Destination BSS responds to the BSS request to send paging channel messages.

Destination BSS sends the message received from the access channel to the source BSS.

Source BSS responds to the access channel message sent by destination BSS.

Source BSS requests the destination BSS to reserve and allocate radio resources supporting specific burst data transmission.

Destination BSS responds to the source BSS request to allocate and reserve radio resources.



A8 Interface The A8 interface bears packet data transmission between BSS and PCF.



Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

GRE

Physical Layer No specific requirements.

Link Layer No specific requirements.

IP Layer Network layer bears the upper layer protocol stack data transmission between different networks.

GRE Layer GRE layer defines the data encapsulation tunneling protocols, carries forward the protocol PDU as packet payload of another protocol, without encapsulating IP packets. The IP packet header encapsulation by GRE consists of external layer header, GRE header and internal layer IP header. GRE protocol encapsulates the PPP protocol stack PDU between the mobile station and Packet Data Serving Node (PDSN).

A9 Interface The A9 interface bears the signaling transmission between BSS and PCF.





Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

TCP/UDP

A9 Signal




TCP/UDP Layer The transport layer uses port 5603 to maintain UDP/TCP connection bearing A9 interface signals. UDP is a connectionless protocol.

A9 Signaling Following lists the A9 signaling functions:

BSS requests PCF to originate the A8 link creation.

PCF responds to the BSS request of creating the A8 link.

PCF requests the BSS to originate a call creation process of a particular service.

BSS responds to the PCF request of originating the creation of a specific service call.

BSS requests the PCF to release A8 link.

PCF responds to the BSS request of releasing the A8 link.

PCF requests the BSS to release A8 link.

BSS responds to the PCF request of releasing the A8 link.

PCF requests the BSC to reactivate packet data service.

BSS responds to the PCF request of reactivating packet data service.

A10 Interface The A10 interface bears data transmission between Packet Control Function (PCF) and PDSN.



Figure 26 illustrates the protocol stack structure of A10 interface.


Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

GRE





A11 Interface The A11 interface bears the signal transmission between PCF and PDSN.






Link Layer :

No specific requirements.

IP Layer

Network layer bears the upper layer protocol stack data transmission between different networks.

UDP Layer

The transport layer uses Port 434 to maintain UDP connection bearing A11 signals.

Following lists the A11 signaling functions:

PCF requests PDSN to initiate A10 link establishment.

PDSN responds to PCF request for A10 link establishment.

A8d Interface The A8d interface bears data transmission between BSS and PDC. A8d interface data contains Push-to-Talk (PTT) user voice frames.

Figure 28 illustrates the A8d interface protocol structure.

F I G U R E 28 - A8 D I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T AC K S T R U C T U R E

Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

GRE







A9d Interface A9d interface bears the signal transmission between BSS and PDC.

Figure 29 illustrates the A9d interface protocol stack structure.


Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

TCP/UDP

A9 d Signal




TCP/UDP Layer The transport layer uses Port 5603 to maintain the UDP/TCP connection bearing A9 signals.

A9d Signaling Following lists the A9d signaling functions:

BSS requests PDC to originate the A8d link creation.

PDC responds to the BSS request of originating the A8d link creation.

PDC requests BSS to originate a call creation process of a specific service.



BSS responds to PDC request of originating the creation of a specific service call.

BSS requests PDC to release the A8d connection.

PDC responds to PDC request of releasing the A8d connection.

PDC requests BSS to release the A8d connection.

BSS responds to PDC request of releasing the A8d connection.

A10d Interface A10d interface bears the data transmission between PDC and PDS. The PTT signal transmission between PDS and PDC seems like A10d interface data.

Figure 30 illustrates the A10d interface protocol stack structure.


Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

GRE





A10d Signaling Following lists the A10d signaling functions:

Participate in the PTT call creation process.



Participate in the PTT call release process.

Participate in the PTT call authority application function.

Participate in the PTT call hard handoff process.

Participate in the PTT call group management process.

Participate in the PTT call supplementary service function.

A11d Interface A11d interface maintains A10d connection between PDC and PDS.

Figure 31 illustrates A11d interface protocol stack structure.


Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

UDP

A11d Signal




UDP Layer Transport layer maintains the UDP connection bearing A11d signaling.

A11d s igna l i ng

Following lists the A11d signaling functions:

PDC requests PDS to initiate the A10d link establishment.

PDS responds to PDC request for A10d link establishment.



A12 Interface A12 interface executes the MS/AT access authentication at AN level, and helps obtain MN ID on the A8/A9 and A10/A11 interfaces after MS/AT successfully conducts access authentication.



Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

UDP

RADIUS

A13 Interface The A13 interface is responsible for information exchange between source AN and destination AN when AT moves into AN.



Physical Layer

IP

Link Layer

TCP/UDP

IOS Application

V5 Interface V5 physical layer consists of 2.048 Mb/s links. V5.1 consists of one 2.048 Mb/s links whereas V5.2 consists of 1~16 2.048 Mb/s links. One link consists of 64 Kb/s time slots that include B and C channels. B channel (Bearer channel) carries B channel data and ISDN BRA or PRA signaling information or PSTN call information. C channel carries D channel data and ISDN BRA and PRA signaling information or PSTN signaling information.



V5 data link layer transmission capability for layer 3 data transfer, messaging, ISDN-D channel signaling includes LAPV5-EF (Encapsulation Function sub-layer), LAPV5-DL (Data link sub-layer), AN frame relay sub-layer, mapping function sub-layer.

LAPV5-EF provides common encapsulation and disassembly of LAPV5-DL and LAPD frames.

LAPV5-DL transfers layer 3 messages between LE and subscribers by means of 5 protocols.

AN frame relay sub-layer provides frame multiplexing and de-multiplexing of ISDN user ports in-sync with LAPV5-EF sub-layer. Encapsulation takes place from AN to LE, while de-encapsulation takes place from AN to user.

Two communication protocols that V5.1 interface uses are PSTN protocol module and control protocol module. Whereas V5.2 interface uses PSTN protocol module, control protocol module, link control protocol module, BCC protocol module, protection protocol module. Figure 34 illustrates the V5 interface protocol stack structure.

F I G U R E 34 - V5 I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T AC K S T R U C T U R E

PSTN protocol provides protocols relating to specific calls. It transmits analog line status information such as off-hook and online over V5 interface.

Control protocol consists of common control port and user control port. Common control port provides V5 interface operations such as interface start, interface provisioning, block/unblock specific user port.

User port control involves controlling all user port types such as ISDN port, PSTN port etc. Blocking/unblocking, activation/de-activation of user ports is possible.

Link control protocol provides link status management, confirming link availability at both ends, and blocking/unblocking links.



BCC protocol provides a channel for LE to request AN establish and release connections between designated AN user port and V5.2 interface. In short it controls allocation and release of B channel.

Um Interface ZXC10 BSS supports 1x Um interface and 1x EV-DO Um interface at the same time. The BCMCS technology makes the most of the available bandwidth and enables broadcast service transmission similar to TV programs through mobile telecommunications network.

1x Um Interface The Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Um interface complies with IS-2000 protocol standards. The Um interface layers consist of physical layer, MAC and LAC sublayer, and higher layers. Figure 35 illustrates the protocol reference model.

F I G U R E 35 - R E F E R E N C E M O D E L O F S T AN D AR D 1 X U M I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S

The following section describes the structure and functional features of MAC and LAC sublayers.

Physical Layer The Physical layer provides the requisite physical channels for establishing radio communication links with the upper Um interface layers.



MAC Sublayer According to IS-2000 protocol architecture, the MAC sublayer mainly includes multiplexing and demultiplexing sublayers, and Radio Link Protocol (RLP) implementation:

Common Channel Multiplexing Sublayer: Completes multiplexing and demultiplexing of common signaling channels and completes TS-based transmission and reception according to message length and transmitted TS.

Dedicated Channel Multiplexing Sublayer: Completes multiplexing & demultiplexing of the dedicated channel (traffic channel). It multiplexes the signaling fragments from SAR sublayer of LAC layer, voice data from Vocoder, and circuit data or packet data from RLP into a physical channel frame. It reverse demultiplexes a specific physical channel frame into signaling fragments, voice data, circuit data and packet data, and transmits them to the corresponding upper-layer protocol stacks for processing.

RLP implementation: Different protocol stacks provide different upper-layer protocol stack requirements, to achieve reliable or real-time data transmission mechanism between the base station and MS.

LAC Sublayer According to IS-2000 protocol architecture, LAC sublayer functionally completes acknowledged re-transmission mechanism, segmentation and reassembly mechanisms of protocol signaling.

Figure 35 illustrates the functions and structure of the forward channel LAC sublayer.

F-SYNC channel achieves the functions of utility sublayer and SAR sublayer.

F-BCCH channel achieves the functions of utility sublayer and SAR sublayer.

For other forward common control channels, it achieves Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) sublayer functions, addressing sublayer, utility sublayer and SAR sublayer.

For forward dedicated signaling channels, it achieves (F-DCCH and F-FCH), ARQ sublayer function, utility sublayer and SAR sublayer.

Figure 35 illustrates the reverse channel LAC sublayer functional structure.

For reverse common control channel, the LAC sublayer achieves authentication sublayer functions, ARQ sublayer, addressing sublayer, utility sublayer and SAR sublayer.

The authentication sublayer presents the LAC PDU authentication field on the reverse common signaling channel to initiate MS authentication procedure.

The ARQ sublayer achieves signal delivery acknowledgement mechanisms between the base station and MS. It assures reliable signal transmission and reception and implements duplicate signal detection.



The utility sublayer presents the fields regarding message type and radio environment report in the forward and reverse LAC PDUs. The upper layers can identify the message and decide on access handoff initiation. The utility sublayer also maintains padding BIT and message length in PDUs.

The SAR sublayer achieves segmentation and reassembly functions. In the forward direction, it segments a message to multiplex the message into one physical channel frame. In the reverse direction, it reassembles multiple message segments into a complete message sequence.

Application Layer The application layer provides multiple applications like Default Signal. Application for transmitting air interface message, and Default Packet & Circuit Applications for transmitting data. In addition, the layer provides a platform for Mobility Management (MM), Radio Resource Management (RRM), and Connection Management (CM) for managing user applications.

1x EV-DO Um Interface 1x EV-DO air interface complies with IS-856 protocol standards. It consists of seven layers: application layer, stream layer, session layer, connection layer, security layer, MAC layer and physical layer. Each layer defines one or more protocols to implement functions. Figure 36 illustrates the entire protocol reference model.



F I G U R E 36 - R E F E R E N C E M O D E L O F S T AN D AR D 1 X EV-D0 U M I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S

Stream Portocol

Session Management Protocol

Address Management Protocol

Session Configuration Protocol

Air Link Management

Protocol

Initialization State Protocol

Idle State Protocol

Connected State Protocol

Packet Consolidation Protocol

Route Update Portocol Overhead Messages

Security Protocol

Key Exchange Protocol

Authentication Protocol

Encryption Protocol

Control Channel MAC P rotocol

Forward Traffic Channel MAC

Protocol

Access Channel MAC P rotocol

Reverse Traffic Channel MAC

Protocol

Physical LayerProtocol

Signaling Link Protocol

Signaling Network Protocol

Radio Link Protocol

Location Update Protocol

Flow Control Protocol

Default Signaling Application Default Packet Application

Application Layer

Stream Layer

Session Layer

Connection Layer

MAC Layer

Security Layer

Physical Layer

The following describes the functional features and structure of application layer, stream layer, session layer, connection layer, security layer, MAC layer and physical layer.

Application Layer The application layer provides multiple applications like Default Signal Application for transmitting air interface message and Default Packet Application for transmitting data. The Default Signal Application defines two protocols: Signaling Network Protocol (SNP) and Signaling Link Protocol (SLP). The protocols on all layers exchange messages through SNP. The SLP achieves message segmentation and reassembly, best-effort delivery, reliable delivery, and duplicate packet detection.

Default Packet Application offers a byte stream for transmitting packet data between the terminal and network. It consists of three protocols:

Flow Control Protocol provides flow control function for data stream.

Radio Link Protocol provides byte stream re-transmission, packet check and so on. It also provides a relatively reliable data link.

Location Update Protocol provides location update program and corresponding messages for mobile management of packet application.



Stream Layer The stream layer provides a multiplex/de-multiplex mechanism for upper layer applications. 1x EV-DO has a provision for at most four streams. Stream 0 is for signaling and others for transmitting subscriber data.

Session Layer The session layer includes a series of protocols for negotiation between the terminal and network. In the 1x EV-DO system, a session refers to a state jointly maintained between AT and AN. It includes address UATI allocated to the terminal, the protocol set determined by the terminal and for air interface communication network, protocol configurations in the protocol set, and current terminal location. The session layer defines three protocols:

Session Management Protocol manages activation of other protocols in this layer to ensure session validity, and to manage session shutdown.

Address Management Protocol manages the terminal address (UATI) allocation.

Session Configuration Protocol provides the session flow negotiation. In 1x EV-DO, SCP negotiates the protocol for terminal-network communication and setting of protocol parameters.

Connection Layer The connection layer controls the air link state. In 1x EV-DO systems, an open connection between AN and AT indicates that AT involves RPC, RTC and FTC (FTC is the time division shared by all subscribers with open connections in the sector) assignment. The connection layer defines multiple protocols in the connection layer. Figure 37 illustrates the mutual relationships between protocols.



F I G U R E 37 - M U T U AL R E L AT I O N S H I P S B E T W E E N P R O T O C O L S I N T H E C O N N E C T I O N LAY E R

Initialization State Protocol

Air Link Management Protocol

Packet Consolidation Protocol

Connected State Protocol

Idle State ProtocolRoute Update Protocol

Overhead Messages Protocol

Among protocols, Packet Consolidation Protocol functionally encapsulates/de-encapsulates the transmitted/received data packets. Others are control protocols and described in the following section:

Air Link Management Protocol is the general control point responsible for connection state jump and control of activation operation of other protocols.

Initialization State Protocol defines the operation networks receive section.

Idle State Protocol defines the operation after the terminal obtains network address but without establishing connection.

Connected State Protocol defines the operation after opening the terminal.

Route Update Protocol is responsible for maintaining radio link between the terminal and network, and tracing terminal location.

Overhead Message Protocol is responsible for controlling the sending of broadcast messages in the channel.

Security Layer The security layer offers the following functions:

Key exchange: Provides a procedure for the terminal and network to exchange security keys for authentication and encryption.

Authentication: Provides a set of programs for the terminal and the network to authenticate air traffic.

Encryption: Provides a set of programs for the terminal and the network to encrypt air traffic.



The security layer includes four protocols: Key Exchange Protocol, Authentication Protocol, Encryption Protocol, and Security Protocol. The first three define the above three functions respectively, and the last one provides common variables for Authentication Protocol and Encryption Protocol.

MAC Layer The MAC layer defines the rules for managing the control channel, access channel, and forward/reverse traffic channel. It includes four protocols with the following functions:

Control Channel MAC Protocol: Constructs control channel MAC layer packet from one or multiple security layer packets. It controls the rules for packet scheduling & transmission in the control channel and terminal capture of control channel and reception of control channel packets.

Access Channel MAC Protocol: The terminal sends timing and power features in the access channel.

Forward Traffic Channel Protocol: Contains the rules regarding FTC rate control through DRC and supports fixed rate and variable rate FTC.

Reverse Traffic Channel Protocol: Determines how the terminal assists the network in capturing RTC and how the terminal and network selects RTC rate.

Physical Layer The physical layer provides multiple features such as structure, frequency, power output, modulation/demodulation, and coding/decoding of forward/reverse channels.

BCMCS Um Interface The BCMCS air interface is critical for HRPD to deliver broadcast and multicast services. Figure 38 illustrates the BCMCS air interface protocol stack structure.

F I G U R E 38 - BCMCS AI R I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L S T AC K S T R U C T U R E



Broadcast Control Protocol Responsible for BCMCS stream registration where in AT sends request to AN for stream registration so that AN is able to broadcast the stream continuously.

Broadcast Framing Protocol Broadcast frame protocol is responsible for upper layer packet encapsulation, fragmentation and de-limiting.

Broadcast Security Protocol Broadcast security protocol provides packet encryption mechanism.

Broadcast MAC Protocol Adds forward error correction code to form ECB (Error Control Block) produces and relays MAC frames to the physical layer. The physical layer is also responsible for mapping logical channels, structuring, and sending broadcast overhead messages.

Broadcast Physical Protocol Broadcast physical protocol provides a logical channel structure.

Abis Interface The Abis interface protocol is an interface protocol between BSC and Base Transceiver System (BTS).

Figure 39 Illustrates the Abis interface hierarchy.

F I G U R E 39 - AB I S I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L H I E R AR C H I C AL S T R U C T U R E

IP

Link Layer

Physical Layer

TCP

Abis Signal

IP

Link Layer

Physical Layer

UDP/cUDP

Abis Traffic

Physical Layer ZXC10 BSSB equipment uses E1/T1 trunk cables or Ethernet.



Link Layer The link layer supports multiple protocols: High level Data Link Control (HDLC), Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), PPPmux and PPPmultilink.

HDLC: Is a bit-oriented data link layer protocol. The bit-oriented feature involves taking a bit (not character) as a basic transmission unit and controlling information. The data frame format is similar to control frame format, and has good transmission transparency and high efficiency.

PPP is a link layer protocol with a simple link design that transmits data packets between peer units.

PPPmux completes transmission of multiple PPP encapsulation packets (or subframe) by single PPP frame and reduces PPP cost of each packet. It applies to voice and data transmission over low speed links.

PPPmultilink is a link type protocol applicable to point-to-point links when a link exceeds certain flow or during initiation of other links.

IP IP is a TCP/IP network layer protocol. IP packets contain destination IP address and transmitting end IP address.

TCP/UDP/cUDP

TCP is the TCP/IP transport layer protocol. TCP provides connection-oriented and flow control services to packet data ensuring reliable packet transmission. TCP packets contain destination application TCP port number and transmitting end application TCP port number. UDP is a connectionless protocol. cUDP is a compressed user Datagram protocol.

Abis Traffic/Abis Signal Application layer contains two parts: control signaling part and service signaling part. The signaling part carries out converse control channel signaling of Um interface. The service part completes service management and service transmission.





A p p e n d i x A

Standards Compliance

ZTE all-IP BSS complies with the following international standards:

1. 3GPP2 A.S0011-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces- Part 1 Overview.

2. 3GPP2 A.S0012-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces- Part 2 Transport.

3. 3GPP2 A.S0013-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces- Part 3 Features.

4. 3GPP2 A.S0014-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 4 (A1, A1p, A2, and A5 Interfaces).

5. 3GPP2 A.S0015-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 5 (A3 and A7 Interfaces)

6. 3GPP2 A.S0016-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 6 (A8 and A9 Interfaces).

7. 3GPP2 A.S0017-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 7 (A10 and A11 Interfaces).

8. 3GPP2 A.S0001-A version 2.0 (3G-IOS v4.1): Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces.

9. 3G-IOS v4.3: Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces.

10. 3GPP2 C.S0001-A version 5.0: Introduction to standards for spread spectrum systems - Release A.

11. 3GPP2 C.S0002-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.2-A-2): Physical layer standard for spread spectrum systems - Release A.

12. 3GPP2 C.S0003-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.3-A-2): Medium Access Control (MAC) standard for spread spectrum systems - Release A, Addendum 2.

13. 3GPP2 C.S0004-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.4-A-2): Signaling Link Access Control (LAC) specification for spread spectrum systems - Release A.



14. 3GPP2 C.S0005-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.5-A-2): Upper layer (Layer 3) signaling standard for spread spectrum systems - Release A, Addendum 2.

15. ANSI J-STD-008, Personal station-Base station compatibility requirement for 1.8 to 2.0 GHz Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) personal communications systems, 1996.

16. TIA/EIA/TSB-58, Administration parameter value assignments for TIA/EIA wideband spread spectrum standards, 1995.

17. TIA/EIA/TSB-74, Support for 14.4 Kb/s Data Rate and PCS Interaction for wideband spread spectrum cellular system, 1995.

18. TIA/EIA/IS-95-A, Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility standard for dual-mode wideband spread spectrum cellular systems.

19. TIA/EIA/IS-95, Mobile station-Base station compatibility standard for dual-mode wideband spread spectrum cellular systems.

20. TIA/EIA/IS-637, Short Message Services for wideband spread spectrum cellular systems, 1997.

21. TIA/EIA/IS-127, Enhanced variable rate codec speech service option 3 for wideband spread spectrum digital systems, 1996.

22. TIA/EIA/IS-634A, MSC-BS interface for public communications networks, 1998.

23. TIA/EIA/IS-658, Data service interworking function interface for wideband spread spectrum systems.

24. CDG RF36, Markov service option for wideband Spread Spectrum communications Systems.

25. TIA/EIA/IS-725, Over-the-air service provisioning of mobile Stations in wideband spread spectrum systems, 1997.

26. TIA/EIA/IS-728, Inter-System Link Protocol.

27. TIA/EIA/IS-733, High rate speech service option 17 for wideband spread spectrum communication systems.

28. TIA/EIA/IS-707, Data service options for wideband spread spectrum communication systems, 1998.

29. TIA/EIA/IS-707-A-2 Data service options for spread spectrum communication systems Addendum 2, 2000.

30. ITU-T Q.714 Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP).

31. ITU-T Q.704 Signal link (MTP3).

32. ITU-T Q.703 Signal link (MTP2).

33. 3GPP2 C.S0024-A (TIA/EIA IS-856-A): High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) air interface specification, August 2005.

34. 3GPP2 C.S0024: High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) air interface specification, October 2002.

35. 3GPP2 A.S0008 (TIA/EIA IS-878), IOS specification for High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) Radio Access Network (RAN) interfaces.

36. 3GPP2 A.S0008-A.

Appendix A - Standards Compliance


37. 3GPP2 A.S0007, Inter-Operability Specification (IOS) for High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) Access Network (AN) interfaces, November 2001.

38. 3GPP2 C.S0029: Test application specification (TAS) for High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) Air Interface.

39. 3GPP2 C.S0032-A, Recommended minimum performance standards for High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) Access Network (AN), December 2005.

40. 3GPP2 C.S0032, Recommended minimum performance standards for High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) Access Network (AN), January 2004.

41. 3GPP2 TIA-97-D, Recommended minimum performance standards for Spread Spectrum Base Stations, March 2001.

42. C00-20050718-129__C.S0054_v2.0V-V Resolution Text.

43. XP0011-3-Nov2004-v05-R&F resolved.

44. XP0011-4-Nov2004-v05-R&F resolved.

.





A p p e n d i x B

Lightning Specifications

1. IEC 61312-1 (1995) Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse part I: General Principles.

2. IEC 61643-1 (1998) Surge protective devices connected with low-voltage power distribution systems.

3. ITU-T K.11 (1993) Principles of Protection against over-voltage and over-current.

4. ITU-T K.27 (1996) Bonding configurations and grounding inside the building with telecom equipments installed.

5. ETS 300 253 (2004) Equipment engineering, grounding and bonding of telecommunication equipment at telecommunication equipment centers.





A p p e n d i x C

Safety Specifications

1. GB 4943-2000: Safety of information technology equipment.

2. IEC 60950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical Business Equipment.

3. IEC 60215 Safety requirement for radio transmitting equipment.

4. CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 1-M94 Audio, video and similar electronic equipments.

5. CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 950-95 Safety of information technology equipment including electrical business equipment.

6. UL 1419 Standard for professional video and audio equipment.

7. 73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive.

8. UL 1950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical Business Equipment.

9. IEC60529 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP Code).

10. GOST 30631-99. General requirements for machines, instruments and other industrial articles for stable external mechanical impact while operating.

11. GOST 12.2.007.0-75. General safety requirements for electromechanical devices.





A p p e n d i x D

EMC Specifications

1. CISPR 22 (1997): Limits and methods for measuring radio disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment.

2. EN 301 489-1 Part 1: Common technical requirements.

3. IEC 61000-6-1: 1997: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6: Generic standards - Section 1: Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments.

4. IEC 61000-6-3: 1996: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6: Generic standards - Section 3: Mission standard for residential, commercial and light industrial environments.

5. IEC 61000-4-2 (1995): Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques - Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test.

6. IEC 61000-4-3 (1995): Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques - Section 3: Radiated, radio-frequency electromagnetic field immunity test.

7. IEC 61000-4-4 (1995): Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques - Section 4: Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test.

8. IEC 61000-4-5 (1995): Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques - Section 5: Surge immunity test.

9. IEC 61000-4-6 (1996): Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques - Section 6: Immunity to contact disturbances, induced by radio frequency fields.

10. ITU-T Recommendation K.20: Resistance of telecommunication switching equipment to over-voltage and over-current.

11. GOST R 51318.22-99: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Man-made noise from informational equipment. Limitations and test methods.

12. GOST 30429-96: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Man-made noise from equipment and apparatus used together with service receiver systems of civil application. Limits and test methods.





A p p e n d i x E

Environmental Specifications

1. GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).

2. GB 4798 Environmental conditions for electrician and electronic products application.

3. IEC 60529 "Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)".

4. IEC 60721-3-1: Classification of environmental conditions- Part3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 1: Storage.

5. IEC 60721-3-2: Classification of environmental conditions- Part3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 2: Transportation.

6. IEC 60721-3-3 (1994): Classification of environmental conditions - Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 3: stationary use at weather protected locations.

7. ETS 300 019-2-1: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment, Part 2-1, specification of environmental tests storage.

8. ETS 300 019-2-2: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment, Part 2-2, specification of environmental tests transportation.

9. ETS 300 019-2-3: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment, Part 2-3, specification of environmental tests transportation stationary use at weather-protected locations.

10. IEC 60068-2-1 (1990): Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold.

11. IEC 60068-2-2 (1974): Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat.

12. IEC 60068-2-6 (1995): Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test C: Vibration (sinusoidal).

13. GOST 15150-69: Machines, instruments and other industrial articles. Applications for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and transportation conditions in compliance with the environmental factors.



14. GOST 23088-80: Electronic equipment. Requirements for packing, transportation and test methods.


Abbreviations

Abbreviation Full Name

1xEV 1x Evolution

1x EV-DO 1x Evolution Data Only

1x EV-DV 1x Evolution Data & Voice

AAL ATM Adaptation Layer

Abis Abis Interface — BSC - BTS interface

ARQ Automatic Repeat Request

ABPM Abis Process Module

AN Access Network

AT Access Terminal

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

AUC Authentication Centre

BCMCS Broadcast/Multicast Service

BDS Baseband Digital System

BPSN Backplane of Packet Switch Network BSC Base Station Controller

BSMAP Base Station Module Administrator Part

BSS Base Station System

BSSAP Base Station Subsystem Application Part

BTS Base Transceiver System

BWA Broadband Wireless Access

CCM Communication Control Module

CDMA Code Division Multiple Address

CDMA 1x CDMA Phase One

CIC Circuit Identifier Code

CMP Call Main Processor

CN Core Network

DCCH Dedicated Control Channel

DCS Dispatching Client Subsystem




DSP Digital Signal Processing

DSS Dispatching Server Subsystem

DTAP Direct Transfer Part

DTB Digital Trunk Board EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

EMI Electromagnetic Interference

FCH Fundamental Channel

FSCH Forward Supplemental Channel

GLIQV Vitesse Quad GE GLI

GPS Global Position System

GRE General Router Envelope

HDSL High-speed Digital Subscriber Line

HGM HiRS Gateway

HIRS High-speed Interconnect Router Subsystem

HLR Home Location Register

IBBH Interface of BSC and BSC by HiRS over ATM

IPCF Interface of PCF

IPDC Interface of PDC

IWF Inter Working Index

LE Local Single Mode

LSA Local Single Mode A

LSB Local Single Mode B

LOMC Local Operations & Maintenance Center

MBDS Master BDS

ME Mixed Extension Mode

MGW Media Gateway

MS Mobile Station

MSC Mobile Switching Center

MSCe Mobile Switching Center Emulation

MSS Mobile Switching Subsystem

MTP Message Transfer Part

MWI Message Wait Indicator

OMC Operations & Maintenance Center

OMM Operation Maintenance Module

OMP Operation & Maintenance Processor

Abbreviations



OTASP Over-the-air service provisioning

OTAPA over the air parameter administration

PA Power Amplifier

PCF Packet Control Function

PDC PTT Dispatch Client

PDS PTT Dispatch Server

PDSN Packet Data Service Node

POMC Provincial Operation & Maintenance Center

PPP Point to Point Protocol

PS Power Subsystem

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

PTT Push To Talk

PWS Power Subsystem

QoS Quality of Service

RAN Radio Access Network

RE Remote Extension Mode

RFE Radio Front End

RFS RF Subsystem

RS Remote Single Mode

RSCH Reverse Supplemental Channel

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator

RTT Radio Transmit Technology

SBDS Slave BDS

SCH Supplemental Channel

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SDTB Sonet Digital Trunk Board

SMP Signal Main Processor

SPB Signaling Process Board

SPCF Signal Plane of PCF

SPDC Signal Plane of PDC

TFS Timing &Frequency Subsystem

TRX Transmitter Receiver

UIM Universal Interface Module

UIMC Universal Interface Module for BCTC

UPCF PCF user Plane




UPDC PDC user Plane

Um Um Interface—the MS-BTS interface

VTC Voice Transcoder Card ZXC10 BSCB ZXC10 Base Station Controller

ZXC10 BTSB ZXC10 Base Transceiver Station

ZXC10 CBTS ZXC10 Compact Base Transceiver Station


Figures

Figure 1 - BSS Position in the Network ........................................................... 2 Figure 2 - BSCB Cabinet Appearance.............................................................. 9 Figure 3 - BTSB I1 Cabinet Appearance .........................................................11 Figure 4 - Assembled Cabinets .....................................................................12 Figure 5 - BTSB I2 Cabinet Appearance .........................................................14 Figure 6 - BTSAE Cabinet Appearance ...........................................................15 Figure 7 - EBDS Slot Diagram ......................................................................16 Figure 8 - CBTS I1 Cabinet Appearance .........................................................17 Figure 9 - OBTS O1 System Appearance........................................................18 Figure 10 - OBTS O2 System Appearance ......................................................19 Figure 11 - OMM Architecture ......................................................................34 Figure 12 - POMC/LOMC Architecture ............................................................34 Figure 13 - A Interface in a 1x network .........................................................44 Figure 14 - A Interface in a 1x EV-DO network ...............................................44 Figure 15 - A1 Interface Protocol Structure ....................................................45 Figure 16 - SS7 Basic Functional Structure ....................................................45 Figure 17 - MTP Hierarchical Structure ..........................................................46 Figure 18 - A2 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................47 Figure 19 - A1p Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................47 Figure 20 - A2p Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................48 Figure 21 – A3 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................49 Figure 22 - A3 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................50 Figure 23 - A7 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................50 Figure 24 - A8 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................52 Figure 25 - A9 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................53 Figure 26 - A10 Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................54 Figure 27 - A11 Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................54 Figure 28 - A8d Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................55 Figure 29 - A9d Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................56 Figure 30 - A10d Interface Protocol Stack Structure ........................................57 Figure 31 - A11 Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................58 Figure 32 - A12 Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................59 Figure 33 - A13 Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................59 Figure 34 - V5 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................60 Figure 35 - Reference Model of Standard 1x Um Interface Protocols ..................61 Figure 36 - Reference model of standard 1x EV-D0 Um interface Protocols .........64 Figure 37 - Mutual Relationships between Protocols in the Connection Layer .......66 Figure 38 - BCMCS Air Interface Protocol Stack Structure ................................67 Figure 39 - Abis Interface Protocol Hierarchical Structure.................................68





Tables

Table 1 - Typographical Conventions.............................................................. ii Table 2 - Mouse Operation Conventions..........................................................iii Table 3 - Safety Signs .................................................................................iv Table 4 - 1x Release A Service Functions.......................................................21 Table 5 - 1x EV-DO Service Functions ...........................................................27 Table 6 – CDMA2000 Service Functions .........................................................28 Table 7 - Functions Required by Non-RTT Protocol ..........................................29





Index

AAA .......................................... 22 AC 13, 17, 40, 41 AC/DC........................ 13, 17, 40, 41 AN 1, 27, 59, 60, 61, 65, 68, 71, 73,

83 ANSI .........................................72 AT 1, 2, 27, 59, 65, 68, 83 ATM ..................6, 10, 49, 51, 83, 84 AUC .......................................... 83 B viii, 6, 59, 61, 75, 81, 84 BDS . 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 29, 83, 84, 85

BIT ...........................................63 BITS .........................................11 BOOT ................................... 30, 37 BS 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 29, 48, 72 BSC v, 2, 3, 6, 10, 11, 18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 30, 36, 37, 40, 43, 47, 48, 53, 68, 83, 84

BSCB ..............vi, ix, 3, 9, 10, 86, 87 BSS ...v, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 21, 22, 23, 33, 36, 37, 43, 44, 47, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 61, 71, 83, 87

BSSB 1, ii, iii, v, ix, x, 1, 5, 6, 21, 33, 39, 49, 68

BTC ...........................................37 BTS .v, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15,

16, 17, 26, 29, 30, 36, 40, 43, 68, 83, 86

CAPS .......................................... x CBTS ..... vi, 4, 16, 17, 29, 30, 86, 87 CCM .....................................31, 83 CDG ...........................................72 CDMA .2, 3, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 26,

37, 43, 72, 83 CDMA2000.1, iii, vi, ix, 1, 3, 4, 10, 13,

14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 27, 28, 43, 44, 61, 63, 71, 72, 73, 83, 86, 89

CE 25, 30, 36, 38 CELL .........................................37 CN 1, 83 CPU ..................................6, 30, 37 DC 13, 17, 18, 19, 40, 41, 55, 56, 57,

58 DRC ...........................................67 DV 7, 29, 83

E 1, iii, viii, 13, 14, 15, 29, 33, 48, 49, 63, 81, 92

E1 10, 18, 20, 45, 47, 49, 68 E1/T1............................. 10, 49, 68 EMC ...................... viii, 7, 39, 79, 84 EMI .......................................7, 84 EPLD .........................................40 ETS ..................................... 75, 81 EV vi, viii, 3, 4, 7, 15, 26, 27, 29, 34,

44, 61, 63, 64, 65, 83, 87, 89 EV-DO.vi, viii, 3, 4, 7, 15, 26, 27, 29, 34, 44, 61, 63, 65, 83, 87, 89

FCH ..........................25, 26, 62, 84 FER .......................................... 31 FPGA ..............................30, 37, 40 GCM ............................................ 8 GLONASS ................................8, 30 GoTa . 1, ii, iii, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13,

21, 28, 33, 39, 61, 68, 86 GPS ...................8, 9, 11, 30, 31, 84 GUI ............................................ 8 HDLC .........................................69 HLR .......................................... 84 HRPD .........................43, 67, 72, 73 IF 19, 20 INFORMATION ............................... ii IOS ................................ 71, 72, 73 IP 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 15, 21, 30, 35,

47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 69, 71, 77, 81

IS 43, 61, 62, 63, 71, 72 IS-2000 ...............43, 61, 62, 71, 72 IS856....................................... 27 ITU ................................ 72, 75, 79 ITU-T............................. 72, 75, 79 J-STD-008 .................................72 LEGAL......................................... ii LPA ...........................................17 MAC ...... 11, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 71 MBDS ................................... 13, 84 MCU ..................................... 30, 37 MS 1, 2, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 43,

48, 59, 62, 84, 86 MSC21, 22, 23, 24, 36, 44, 47, 72, 84 MSS .......................................... 84 MTP2 .............................. 45, 46, 72 MTP3 ....................10, 38, 45, 46, 72



N/A ............................................iii NMS .......................3, 11, 35, 36, 46 O&M ..................................2, 33, 36 OBTS ................ vi, 4, 18, 19, 29, 87 OMC ............ vii, 2, 24, 33, 37, 42, 84 P 1, iii, 2, 22, 23, 24, 26, 43, 52, 53,

54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 84, 85, 86, 92 PA 12, 15, 17, 30, 85 PCF24, 30, 43, 52, 53, 54, 55, 84, 85 PCS ...........................................72 PDS ................................57, 58, 85 PDSN2, 22, 23, 24, 26, 43, 52, 53, 54,

55, 56, 57, 85 PDSS .......................................... 3 PIM ................................ 17, 36, 37 PP2S .........................................11 PPM ......................................14, 15 PPP .............6, 52, 54, 56, 57, 69, 85 PTT ...........10, 28, 37, 55, 57, 58, 85 PWS ................ 11, 13, 17, 18, 19, 85 R&D ............................................iii R1 ii, iii RAKE .........................................17 RF 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17,

18, 19, 20, 29, 30, 85 RF36 .........................................72 RFE ..................2, 12, 14, 15, 17, 85 RFS . 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 30, 37, 85

RPC ...........................................65 RS-485 ......................................41 RSSI ...................................31, 85

RTT ...........................vi, 29, 85, 89 S0001-A ....................................71 S0002-A ....................................71 S0007........................................73 S0024........................................72 S0029........................................73 SBDS ................................... 13, 85 SCCP ....................38, 45, 46, 48, 72 SCH ..........................25, 31, 38, 85 SDH .....................................29, 85 STM-1........................10, 18, 20, 45 SYNC .........................................62 TAS ...........................................73 TFS ................................15, 16, 85 TIA/EIA/IS-127 .........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-637 .........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-658 .........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-707 .........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-707-A-2 ..................72 TIA/EIA/IS-725 .........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-728 .........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-733 .........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-95...........................72 TIA/EIA/IS-95-A .......................72 TIA/EIA/TSB-74 .........................72 TOD ...........................................11 TRX ..................... 12, 14, 15, 17, 85 UP 45, 46 URL .......................................1, 92 V 13, 17, 18, 19, 73 WALSH........................................36 ZXC10...1, ii, iii, ix, x, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9,

10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 21, 33, 39, 49, 61, 68, 86

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