Sir Shapoor Reporter and 1953 Coup in Iran 4

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Full Text (first

edition) in the

form of PDF

Table of

:Contents

I, and Shapur

Reporter

Light switch of

life Shapur

Reporter

Biographicaldocument

Shapur Reporter

in MI 6

The first years of

working in the

service's

Intelligence

Head of Radio

Farsi Delhi

Mission inBahrain

Tehran Tehran

London

Mission in

Hong Kongand Colombo

General

Head Shapur Reporter

coup 28 Mordad 1332

Part IV

Climb Churchill and Eisenhower

In late 1951 there was a change in the configuration of political forces in the United Kingdom interms of its impact on the destiny of great importance. On 25 October 1951/3 December 1330 the

Labour Party, led by Clement Ethlie , lost the election and the Conservative Party, with themajority poor, and in December won Winston Churchill came to power. Ethlie government

ي شدن صنعت نفت در ايران رويه اي مسالمت جويانه و معتدل داشت و

towards theملي

راھکارھاي خشونت آمیز را نمي پذيرفت. ويلیام راجر لويس درباره موضع دولت اتلي در قبال جنبش مل شدن بودند. ي

1951آنان آماده پذيرفتن اصلي مل ايران مي نويسد: « از ابتداي بحران درGovernment workers who devote their nationalization plan was, it could not do

otherwise. But insisted that Britain and the Iranian Oil Company is entitled to receive

fair compensation. A certified party has agreed to pay compensation to the company. "[[82

Clement Ethlie

As a result of this attitude is that Ethlie the plan " Operation Bakanyr " [83] did not agree. 'veNear Eastern Branch of the plan. them. 6 George Kennedy Young headed to overthrow

the Mossadegh government was prepared to suppress nationalist movement in Iran. Young shortly after my deputy. IP. 6, and a large role in directing the coup of August 28

was obtained. In his late years of the king and his close friend and longtime[collaborator and head Shapur Reporter, had a close relationship. [84





Secretary of the Indian

Embassy in

Tehran

Teaching in the

University

Tutor Queen

Soraya

Climb Churchill

and Eisenhower

Mohammad

Reza Pahlavi is a

Churchill

The mission of

the Department

of State

According to

John F. Shapur

Reporter.

Kennedy

Equivocation

difficulties in

MI6

Honour for man

who made

millions of pounds of

benefit to the UK

s Intelligence'

Service and the

CIA coup

documents

Donald Wilber, a

history of coups

operations

The hiding place

of Shapur

Reporter

Brothers"

Bvskv" exclusive

agents of the

CIA in Iran

Shapur Reporter

and embrace the

George Kennedy Young, M. Near East bureau chief. IP. 6 In the Ethlie and my deputy. IP. 6 in the

Churchill

که يک با صعود چرچیل رويه دولت بريتانیا در قبال جنبش مل ي ايران دستخوش تحولي اساسي شد. چرچیلبار در جواني و در مقام وزير جنگ بريتانیا کودتاي موفقي را در ايران تجربه کرده و سپس در مقامcould not walk to [85] , وزير مستعمرات جغرافیاي سیاسي جديد خاورمیانه را ترسیم کرده بود

San Ethlie the events in Iran. , David Bruce, the American ambassador in France, saw this

development as "New England general rule with the previous rule was different. IP. 6 coup in Iran .was approved by Churchill and began preparing for its implementation





network

Afshartvs and

place of death

missing

Phil defiance " "

" to " embrace

Conclusion

Winston Churchill

Later, in the 1952 elections, the Republican Party to victory in 1953 and in January / February1331 , General Dwight Eisenhower as the thirty-fourth president of the United States came to

power. Eisenhower, the American historians of the victorious Allies and the defeated Nazi Germanyinvaded her main architects know, in the years after the war, the president of Columbia University

and the commander of NATO forces in 1950. America's new rulers, against the Democratic Trumanadministration, at least until 1951, the nationalist Mossadegh as a bulwark against communism as

seen from the viewpoints of people like Walter Lakvyr were influenced by nationalism andcommunism in the Middle East certainly knew the way. ] 87] A certified doctor and consultant

positions recognized the fundamental change in the attitude of the rulers of the West

and Iran also tried to enlarge the threat of Communism to gain the support of theUnited States. [88] Anthony Eden, Churchill's Minister of Foreign Affairs, wrote in his memoirs :

Eisenhower "obsessed with the threat of communism in Iran, and Mosaddeq was extremely[nervous." [89





Dwight Eisenhower

عامل اصلي چرخش سیاست اياالت متحده آمريکا در قبال تحوالت ايران در برخي تحقیقات جديد (1953بلکه برتري قطعي اياالت متحده بر اتحاد شوروي در زمینه (ژانويه نه صعود دولت آيزنھاور

.that 1952و در واپسین ماه ھاي زمامداري ترومن رخ صنايع نظامي عنوان شده که در سال

مي نويسد: در کتب و مقاالت يکي پس از ديگري بر تفاوت استاد دانشگاه ويرجینیا فرانسیس گاوينفاحش میان سیاست ھاي دو دولت ترومن و آيزنھاور در قبال ايران تأکید مي شود در حالي که

groups. In fact, بررسي شواھد به سادگي روشن مي کند که چنین شکاف فاحشي وجود

rotation policies toward Iran during the Truman administration was the most importantreason for this claim is a document numbered 1/136 of the National Security Council

is Persian date Aban 1331. [90] This document is openly 1952/29 dated 20نوامبر aggressiveو يکسويه تر از اسناد مشابه پیشین است و بیانگر تمايل فزاينده دولت ترومن استThese .گنج تارطاخم شريذپ هب زین و در صورت لزوم به مداخله مستقیم در امور داخلي ايران

documents show that the changes in American policy toward Iran and the changeduring the Truman administration's later. This point is completely overlooked in

.historical writing

Gavin adds: In the summer of 1952, many members of the Truman administrationchanged its stance against Mossadegh. In 1951, Americans feared Soviet intervention

or a coup led military action in Iran, the Tudeh Party, but in 1952 these concerns weredirected against Mossadegh. The Truman administration was concerned that the

Iranian leader is enhanced in the crisis that led the collapse of the Soviet orbit. InDocument 1/136 called "Current trends in control by a government retaining a non-

communist difficult for a long time. "and" The National Front's ability to maintain control over the situation remains unclear. "compare Document 1/136با اسناد قبلي

ي آمريکا روشن مي کند که سیاست دولت ترومن در قبال ايران با گذشت زمان

شوراي امنیت مل 1952مايل است از طريق اقدامات تھاجمي ايران دگرگون شده و بدانجا رسیده که در اواخر سال

را از افتادن به مدار شوروي باز دارد.





Harry Truman

He writes: change the military balance in the world's major role in this process. In the years 1950 -1951 United States can not make enough risk in its policy towards Iran,

and the Soviet military intervention or a coup feared the Tudeh Party. The United Stateswas present Iran with military action to defend the ideas and the UK did not authorize 1950آغاز شد و .military interventionدر پیامد احداث تأسیسات نظامي عظیمي که از اواخر

در

ھم

تھاجمي

و

يکسويه

ھاي

سیاست

به

اقدام

از

متحده

اياالت

نشست

ثمر

به

1952نیمه

,It was frightful. Thusدر کمتر آلمان) جنوب شرقي آسیا (کره خاورمیانه و ھم در ساير مناطق

as Mark Trakhtnbrg [91] and Melvin Leffler [92] have shown strong from early 1951 to1953 the United States against the Soviet Union from a position of relative weakness to

a position of authority was sufficient. American military planners in 1951 in the hope[that they feel that issues of growing optimism in late 1952 it became. [93

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi is a Churchill

[94]اين چرخش برخالف دکتر محمد مصدق و مشاوران او کانون ھاي حامي محمدرضا پھلويبنیادين در مواضع زمامداران بريتانیا و اياالت متحده آمريکا را به سرعت دريافتند و تالش براي بھرهShah Shapur Reporter obtained . گواه ما نامه اي است از محمدرضا برداري از آن را آغاز کردند

the documents in the collection. This letter is addressed to Sir Winston Churchill andthe king is trying to become a book of memories of WWII British Churchill attract the

.interest of the new ruler

:About this document The following description is necessary

a line Asad Alam and Shapur documents obtained. IP. 6 smoothed coup in Iran. 1 Young Ethlie in the Near East in my area manager. IP. 6, and in the Churchill vice

.president of the organization

.a contact name is not mentioned in the text to indicate that it is addressed to Winston Churchill (2)

but a lack of precision in the text can be used to determine the time of writing. ,3memories of World War II, Churchill gradually during 1948 -1953 was published in six volumes inthe same year as the controversial bestseller, and is known was repeated. It is absurd to assume

that the king of this book years after its release, in the years after coup of 28 August 1332,

.Churchill wrote to be read. This kind of delay is considerable and was tactless

Thus, an important requirement has prompted him to write this letter. The requirementthat the election victory of Churchill and his rise to power, who decides the fate of the

.king with his attitude and life

-5متن نامه به وضوح محمدرضا پھلوي را يک حکمران جوان نشان مي دھد که از اين طريق مي خواھد به دلدولتمرد مقتدر دنیاي غرب راھي باز کند و خود را جواني شايسته زمامداري نشان دھد.

In a letter to Lord trip Jvyt [ 95] In a meeting with his Iranian and discussed. The trip 6should abdicate after the Lord President of the Supreme Court of British Jvyt probably taken in late

.1951 or in 1952





A, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to Sir Winston][Churchill

[.Mr. [respondent's name is not mentioned

I'll let you take a few minutes, I did [it] is .the book I mentioned in my soul up

Plus, your memories are a reflection of agreat spirit and democratic principles, and .adhere to itنمي دانید وقتي من خواندم که در

نتیجه

در

شکست

آستانه

در

حتي

و

جنگ

بحبوحه

عدم تمايل مجلس عوام استرالیا به ادامه جنگسربازان استرالیايي در آفريقا تصمیم گرفتیدطرق را از سربازان استرالیايي تخلیه کنید و

سرباز انگلیسي به جاي آن ھا بفرستید تا چه حد.and I admire how you sent تحت تأثیر

که شايد خود من با مقیاس خیلي خیلي کوچکييک ھزارم اشتغاالت شما در آن موقع نباشد مسئولیت ھاي مملکت دارم و به اين جھت

احساس مي کنم که اين ھمه توجه به مسائل

مختلف و تحمل اين ھمه ناماليمات و سختي ھا وGRANDEUR and is شکست ھا چه کار

Troubled. If I go to England next year at the

summer meeting with yourself for a few[minutes to give me happiness. [96













(Mohammad Reza Pahlavi is a Churchill (the line Asad Alam









Letter of Shapur Reporter Asad Alam, dated Persian date Mordad 1334. these letters as examples

of letters and science Shapur I inserted the close ties the two together to show and compare the

.handwriting of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to Churchill to autograph a possible there





:Subtitles and references

James Bill and William Roger Louis, Mossadegh, Oil, Iranian nationalism , translated by A. H. 82.Mahdavi and Kaveh Bayat, Tehran, Nshrnv, 1368, p 382

83 Operation Buccaneer

.Bakanyr " means " pirate " is the name that British intelligence officials were Mossadegh "

84 George Kennedy Young ( 1911- 1 990)

George Kennedy Young, a prominent political figures and information from the UK. Youngimportance in a separate paper introduces him to be the coup of 28 August and his link with the

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and paid Shapur Reporter me. See the " family picture and biography of George Kennedy Young, chief designer of 28 Mordad 1332 coup "in www.shahbazi.org

For an introduction to Churchill's role in the coup of 3 Persian date Esfand 1299 see: Abdollah 85Shahbazi, "the focus of colonial coup in 1299 and the rise of Reza Khan to the throne ", IranianContemporary History , Issue 15, 16, Autumn and Winter 1379 , pp 9, 42. complete text of this

.article www.shahbazi.org available

.-Mossadegh, Oil, Iranian nationalism , pp 452 451 86

Walter Lakvyr , ideation influential Jew, wrote in 1956: " Nationalism in the Middle East - 87

is not a force against Communism. In contrast, in the current state of the communistsand fellow start leveling it. In connection with the growth of nationalism, communism,

" . and for many years the possibility of conflict between the two is not possible

(Walter Z. Laqueur, Communism and Nationalism in the Middle East , London: Routledge & KeganPaul, 1,956th, p. 275)

.See: Mossadegh, Oil, Iranian nationalism , pp 308, 316 88

89- Anthony Eden, Full Circle: The Memoirs of Anthony Eden , Boston, Mass .: Houghton Mifflin,1960th, pp. 232- 235.

90 NSC 136/1, " Policy Regarding the Present Situation in Iran United United, " dated November 20,1,952.

For the study of the Persian version of this document, see: A. H. Mahdavi and A. Andrvdy[translator], Documents on Foreign Relations of the National Movement of Iranian oil , Tehran:

Academic, 1377, vol 2, pp 784- 790. on the basis of the course change the attitude of the American government to the events in Iran according to the National Security Council, the United

.States pursued a policy document

91- Marc Trachtenberg

92 Melvyn Leffler

93 Francis J. Gavin, "Politics, Power, and US Policy in Iran, 1950-1953", Journal of Cold War Studies

, 1.1, Winter 1,999.

Recognizing the weakness of political consultants doctor Mohammed Mossadegh global 94

developments can be seen in the following example: when a Republican election victory in 1952,

Hossein Fatemi, Mossadegh's new foreign minister, in the west today wrote an editorial, the rise of the Republican strongly welcomed and American policies in favor of turning it promises outlined.

This article has caused resentment Truman administration officials and the State Department Allahyar Saleh, Director General, Iran's ambassador in Washington, and with reference to thearticle, summoning Fatemi said: "We were not that bad on your right, what is what you have

written. In addition, we still have three months in power. "Saleh to the United States to reflect theMossadegh Mossadegh was rebuked Fatemi. (Article from Mr. A. H. Mahdavi doctor heard him cite

(.with permission

95 Sir William Allen Jowitt, Viscount of Stevenage, Earl Jowitt (1885- one thousand nine hundredfifty-seven)




Sir William Jvyt of the judges was a prominent British attorney general in 1940 and in 1945 becamehead of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom in 1951 was in this position. He Jvyt Baron in

.1945, in 1947 and in 1951 was named as Early Visconti Astyvnyj achieved

.Center Institute for Iranian Contemporary Historical Studies, Document No. 18 98 129 a 96

Part V

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