Sinoe Medical Association 1 usmle Dr.Danil Hammoudi

Sinoe Medical Association1

usmleDr.Danil Hammoudi


OSTEOARTHRITIS IS LEAST LIKELY TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH:

ULCERATIVE COLITIS


OSTEOARTHRITIS ASSOCIATED WITH

GOUT HEMOPHILIA WILSON’S DISEASE EHLERS DALOS SYNDROME


AMBIGOUS GENITALIA

ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA


EYES MUSCLES ABDUCTING EYEBALL

INTERNAL RECTUS


EXTRINSIC EYE MUSCLES AND ROLE

MUSCLE INNERVATION MOVEMENTLATERAL RECTUS ABDUCENS [VI] LATERAL

MEDIAL RECTUS OCULOMOTOR [III] MEDIAL

SUPERIOR RECTUS OCULOMOTOR SUPERIOR AND MEDIAL

INFERIOR RECTUS OCULOMOTOR INFERIOR AND MEDIAL

INFERIOR OBLIQUE OCULOMOTOR SUPERIOR AND LATERAL

SUPERIOR OBLIQUE TROCHLEAR [IV] INFERIOR AND LATERAL


EXTERNAL MUSCULATURE OF THE EYE

LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS MUSCLES OPEN THE UPPER EYELID

ORBICULARIS OCULI, A SPHINCTER LIKE MUSCLE, CLOSE EYELIDS


INCUBATION PERIOD FOR STAPHYLOCOCCAL FOOD POISONING:

2 TO 4 HOURS


KRABBE’S DISEASE

GLOBOID CELL LEUKODYSTROPHY ONSET IN INFANT WITH RIGIDITY TERMINAL BLINDNESS DEFICIENCY OF BETA

GALACTOSIDASE ACCUMULATION OF

GALACTOCEREBROSIDE.


COBALT IS AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF:

CYANOCOBOLAMIN [B12]


HIRSUTISM ARE ASSOCIATED WITH

ADRENAL TUMOR HYPOTHYROIDISM DANAZAL THERAPY CYCLOSPORINE THERAPY


INCREASED IN VMA IS USUALLY SEEN IN :INCREASED IN VMA IS USUALLY SEEN IN :

NEUROBLASTOMA PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA


LANGHERAN’S CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS CLINICAL FORMS LETTER SIWE DISEASE HAND SCHBLIER CHRISTIAN DISEASE EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA HASHIMOTO PRITZKER DISEASE


HISTIOCYTOSIS, LETTERER SIWE DISEASE

ONSET IN THE FIRST YEAR HAVE SEBORRHEIC RASH OTITIS MEDIA LYMPHADENOPATHY, PURPURA ANEMIA, HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY EXTENSIVE LYTIC SKULL LESION =RAINDROP SKULL UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY WORST PROGNOSIS


HISTIOCYTOSIS X

INTENSE PROLIFERATION OF RETICULOHISTIOCYTIC CELLS

EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA HAND SCHULLER CHRISTIAN DISEASE LETTER SIWE DISEASE

INTENSE PROLIFERATION OF RETICULOHISTIOCYTIC CELLS

EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA HAND SCHULLER CHRISTIAN DISEASE LETTER SIWE DISEASE


EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA: EG-60-80% OF HISTIOCYTOSIS X-AGE 5-10 YRS MOST COMMON-BEST PROGNOSIS

HAND SHULLER-CHRISTIAN DISEASE-AGE 1-3 YRS

LETTERER SIWE DISEASE-AGE 0-1YRS

-WORST PROGNOSIS : MORTALITY 70%]

-=MALIGNANT FORM OF HISTIOCYTOSIS


HAND SCHUELLER CHRISTIAN DISEASE

1-3 YRS, MOST COMMON HISTIOCYTOSIS FORM SKULL – MANDIBULE LESION SEMILAR EOSINOPHIL GRANULOMAS

BUT MORE NUMEROUS GEOGRAPHIC SKULL “FLOATING TEETH” ADENOPATHY HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY SKIN LESION DIABETES INSIPIDUS EXOPHTALMOS LUNG DISEASE


LETTERER SIWE DISEASE SYNONYMS

ACUTE DIFFUSIBLE HISTIOCYTOSIS ACUTE INFANTILE

RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS ACUTE RETICULOSIS OF INFANCY GENERALIZED HISTIOCYTOSIS NON LIPID RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS


CURLING ULCER OF THE STOMACH /MARJOLIN OF THE SKIN ARE CAUSES BY:

BURNS


CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN VIRAL ENCEPHALITIS SHOWS:

VARIABLE PLEOCYTOSIS DECREASED SUGAR LEVEL INCREASED PROTEIN LEVEL


MORE COMMON IN WOMEN THAN IN MEN

ASSOCIATED WITH PRURITUS, JAUNDICE,XANTHOMATOUS LESIONS

INCREASED ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE AND CHOLESTEROL

MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIBODIES AND INCREASED SERUM IgM.


SABER SHIN OCCURS MAINLY IN CHILDREN WITH:

CONGENITAL SYPHILIS


THE MOST COMMON INTRACRANIAL GERM TUMOR

GERMINOMA


GERMINOMAS

HIGHLY RADIOSENSITIVE


TYPES OF GLIOMAS

ASTROCYTOMAS EPENDYNOMAS GANGLIOMAS OLIGODENDROGLIOMAS MIXED GLIOMAS


CHILDHOOD GLIOMAS

ASTROCYTOMAS EPENDYMOMAS GANGLIOGLIOMAS


GERM CELL TUMORS [CGTs]

GERMINOMAS TERATOMAS CHORIOCARCINOMAS ENDODERMAL SINUS TUMORS EMBRYONAL CARCINOMAS MIXED GCTs


PINEAL PARENCHYMAL TUMORS

PINEOBLASTOMAS PINEOCYTOMAS


PINEAL GLIOMAS

ASTROCYTOMAS EPENDYMOMAS


PINEAL NEOPLSMS

5% OF ALL PEDIATRICS BRAIN TUMORS


OSGOOD SCHLATTER DISEASE USUALLY OCCURS IN CHILDREN AGED

11 TO 13 YEARS


OSGOOD SCHLATTER

OSTEOCHONDROSIS PARTIAL AVULSION OF THE TIBIA TUBEROSITY, WITH NO

INVOLVEMENT OF THE TIBIA PHYSIS COMMON CAUSES CAUSES OF KNEE PAIN IN ADOLESCENT SWELLING AND TENDERNESS JUST BELOW THE KNEE OVER

THE SHIN BONE [TIBIA] MORE COMMON IN BOYS 8-13 YEARS GIRLS, 10-15 BOYS GROWTH SPURT AND MAY AFFECT BOTH KNEES ,

ENLARGEMENT OF THE TIBIAL TUBERCLE. GOES AWAY WITH TIME


RED SCALY WITH A SHARP RAISED BORDER ON THE PERINEUM , THIGHS AND BUTTOCKS ARE SEEN IN TINEA CRURIS [JOCK ITCH]


TINEA CRURIS= JOCK ITCH

ANY ITCHING IN THE GROIN RASH IN MEN WHEN CAUSED BY A FUNGUS = RASH=TINEA

CRURIS CAUSE OF TINEA CRURIS= FUNGUS

DERMATOPHYTES=RINGWORM FUNGI NOT CONTAGIOUS BILATERAL DO NOT INCLUDE PENIS AND SCROTUM MIGRATE TO THE BUTTOCK AND GLUTEAL CLEFT

AREA

ANY ITCHING IN THE GROIN RASH IN MEN WHEN CAUSED BY A FUNGUS = RASH=TINEA

CRURIS CAUSE OF TINEA CRURIS= FUNGUS

DERMATOPHYTES=RINGWORM FUNGI NOT CONTAGIOUS BILATERAL DO NOT INCLUDE PENIS AND SCROTUM MIGRATE TO THE BUTTOCK AND GLUTEAL CLEFT

AREA


DERMATOPHYTES INFECTION IN TINEA CRURI

MICROSPORUM TRICHOPHYTON EPIDERMOPHYTON


THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF A VIGINITIS IN A 10 YEARS OLD GIRL IS

THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF A VIGINITIS IN A 10 YEARS OLD GIRL IS

FOREIGN BODY


RETINOBLASTOMA

MOST COMMON IN LESS THAN 3 YEARS OF AGE

SHOW WHITE CAT’S EYES REFLEX ON FUNDOSCOPY

ARE AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT BILATERAL 30% OF CASES ARE THE MOST INTRAOCULAR TUMOR

IN CHILDREN


RETINOBLASTOMA

LEUKOCORIA [WHITE PUPIL REFLEX] STRABISMUS EXOTROPIA ESOTROPIA RED PAINFUL EYE POOR VISION , INFLAMMATION TISSUE AROUND THE EYE ENLARGED OR DILATATED PUPIL HETEROCHROMIA FAILURE TO THRIVE EXTRA FINGERS OR TOES MALFORMED EARS RETARDATION


NOT A CLINICAL FEATURE OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA

HISTORY OF CHILDHOOD HYPERACTIVITY


ANOREXIA NERVOSA

AMENORRHEA BRADYCARDIA ONSET BEFORE 25 YEARS OF AGE


CHROMOSOMAL ANALYSIS IS USEFUL IN

TESTICULAR FEMINIZATION GONADAL DYSGENESIS



DIFFERENTIAL DIAG OF TINEA CRURIS

INTERTRIGO ERYTHRASMA SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS OF THE

GROIN PSORIASIS OF THE GROIN CANDIDIASIS OF THE GROIN


SINDING LARSEN JOHANSSON SYNDROME

RESEMBLES OSGOOD SCHLOTTER DISEASE, EXCEPT SYMPTOMS LOCALIZED IN THE INFERIOR POLE OF PATELLA

CHRONIC OVERTENSION OF EXTENSOR MECHANISM

PAIN OSSIFICATION DISTURBANCE SWELLING WEAK QUAD REPETITIVE LOADED KNEE FLEXION ACTIVITIES:

LIGAMENT AVULSION SOFT TISSUE CALCIFICATION STRESS FRACTURE


OSTEOCHONDROSIS

LEGG CALVE PERTHES DISEASES =CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS

KOHLER DISEASE =TARSAL NAVICULAR OSGOOD SHLATTER DISEASE=TIBIAL TUBEROSITY

SCHEUERMANN DISEASE=VERTEBRAL RING EPIPHYSES

FREIBER INFRACTION =METATARSAL HEAD SEVER DISEASE = APOPHYSIS OF OS CALCIS OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS


OSTEOCHONDROSIS DISSECANS

SUBCHONDRAL FATIGUE FRACTURE COMMONLY SEEN IN ADOLESCENT CAPITELLUM OF THE ELBOW KNEE [MEDIAL FEMORAL CONDYLE

CLOSE TO FOSSA INTERCONDYLARIS] TALUS MOUSE= OSTEOCHONDROTIC FRAGMENT MOUSE BED= SCLEROSED PIT IN ARTICULAR SURFACE


SEVER DISEASE

OSTEOCHONDROSIS APOPHYSIS OF THE OS CALCIS

[UNDERGOES FRAGMENTATION]


FREIBERG INFRACTION

OSTEOCHONDROSIS

METATARSAL HEAD 2ND COMMON 3RD AND 1ST LESS COMMON INFARCTION OR STRESS FRACTURE LATE ADOLESCENCE A END ARTICULAR BECOMES FLATTENED SMALL OSSICLES MAY FORM AFTER HEALING DJD IS COMMONLY LATE COMPLICATION


SCHMORL NODE

CHONDRIFICATION DEFECTS WHERE PERIOSTEAL VESSELS PENETRATE CARTILAGE PLATE OF DISC


KOHLER DISEASE

OSTEOCHONDROSIS OF TARSAL NAVICULAR


LEGG CALVE PERTHES DISEASE

OSTEOCHONDROTIS DEFORMANS COXA PLANA IDIOPATHIC AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF PROXIMAL FEMORAL

EPIPHYSIS MALE UNILATERAL 4-8 YRS OLD UNCOMMON BEFORE 3Y/O SELF LIMITED CAN PROGRESS TO COXA PLANA


MEDIASTINAL ADENOPATHY IS NOT SEEN IN

IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS


MEDIASTINAL ADENOPATHY IS SEEN IN

SARCOIDOSIS MILARY TUBERCULOSIS PNEUMOCYSTIS CARNII PNEUMONIA


ANTERIOR MEDIASTINAL MASSES

THYMOMA TERATOMA THYROID [ECTOPIC] LYMPHOMA


MIDDLE MEDIASTINAL MASSES

ADENOPATHY: INFECTION [BACTERIAL, GRANULOMATOUS]

NEOPLASM : LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOMA METASTASES

BRONCHOPULMONARY FOREGUT MALFORMATIONS:

ESOPHAGAL DUPLICATION CYST BRONCHOGENIC CYST SEQUESTRATION


POSTERIOR MEDIASTINAL MASSES

SYMPATHETIC GANGLION TUMORS MASSES] NEUROBLASTOMA GANGLIONEUROBLASTOMA GANGLIONEUROMA [95% OF POSTERIOR MEDIASTINAL MASSES

NEUROFIBROMAS NEURENTERIC CYST EXTRAMEDULLARY HEMATOPOESIS PARAVERTEBRAL SOFT TISSUE MASS FROM

INFECTION


BEHAVIOR PSYCHOTHERAPY IS DISTINGUISHED FROM COGNITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY BY:

THE VIEW OF BEHAVIOR AS A RESPONSE TO THE ENVIRONMENT


CHILD WITH CIRCULAR AREA OF ALOPECIA THAT ARE WOOD’S LAMP POSITIVE

TINEA CAPITIS DUE TO : MICROSPORUM CANIS TRICHOPHYTON SPECIES [TOSURANS] MICROSPORUM SPECIES FLIORESCE A BRIGHT BLUE GREEN

COLOR EPIDERMOPHYTON FLOCCOSUM IS A CAUSE OF TINEA

CRURIS


CANDIDA ALBICANS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR

ORAL RUSH DIAPER DERMATITIS IN INFANTS


MUMPS IS A COMMON CAUSE OF:

VIRAL PAROTITIS


ASSOCIATED WITH EYE PAIN

ACUTE ANTERIOR UVEITIS OPTIC NEURITIS ACUTE GLAUCOMA


CENTRAL RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION

SUDDEN, PAINLESS, UNILATERAL LOSS OF VISION IN PATIENTS WITH :

1/HYPERCOAGULABILITY STATE [POLYCUTHEMIA RUBRA VERA]

2/DIABETES MELLITUS 3/ GLAUCOMA


RETINAL EXAM OF CENTRAL RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION SWELLING OF THE OPTIC DISC VENOUS DILATATION TORTUOSITY WIDESPEAD RETINAL HEMORRHAGE COTTON WOOD EXUDATE


HEPARIN

INCREASES EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTITHROMBIN III


COUMARIN [WARFARIN]

CAUSE THE PLASMA LEVELS OF PROTHROMBINE, FACTORS VIII, IX, X TO FALL

WARFARIN COMPETE WITH VIT K

CAUSE THE PLASMA LEVELS OF PROTHROMBINE, FACTORS VIII, IX, X TO FALL

WARFARIN COMPETE WITH VIT K


AUER ROD

ACUTE MYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA


REED STENDBERG CELLS

HODGKIN’S DISEASE MIXED CELLULARITY


ERB DUCHENNE PALSY

INJURY TO C-5 AND C-6


NEUROBLASTOMA

THE MOST COMMON LOCATION ABDOMEN


NEUROBLASTOMA

IT ACCOUNT FOR 15% OF ALL CHILDHOOD CANCER DEATH

35% OF CASES APPEAR DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

IT IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON CHILDHOOD EXTRACRANIAL SOLID CANCER


CHILDREN WITH NEUROBLASTOMA [THE MOST COMMON CONGENITAL TUMOR OCCURING DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE] USUALLY PRESENT:

PALPABLE ABDOMINAL MASS


THE MOST COMMON SOLID MALIGNANT TUMOR IN CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 4 YEARS IS

NEUROBLASTOMA NEUROBLASTOMA


PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA AND NEUROBLASTOMA ARE ASSOCIATED

WITH INCREASED URINARY VANILLYLMANDELIC ACID [VMA]


IN PATIENT WITH NEUROBLASTOMA , THE INCIDENCE OF METASTASES AT TIME OF INITIAL DIAGNOSIS IS 70


SCREENING FOR NEUROBLASTOMA IS MADE BY VMA AND HVA [HOMOVANILLIC ACID]


THE MOST PRIMARY SITE OF NEUROBLASTOMA IS:

ADRENAL GLAND


IN NEUROBLASTOMA, CALCIFICATION IS PRESENT IN:

45%


SPLENOMEGALY IS NOT A CHARACTERISTIC FEATURE OF

NEUROBLASTOMA


SPLENOMEGALY CHARACTERISTICS OF

GALACTOSEMIA CYSTINOSIS PORPHYRIA GAUCHER’S DISEASE


NEUROBLASTOMA IS ASSOCIATED WITH

SPONTANEOUS REGRESSION


THE INFANT OF A DIABETIC MOTHER COMMONLY DEVELOPS :

HYPOGLYCEMIA HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA HYPOCALCEMIA POLYCYTHEMIA INCREASED INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL

MALFORMATION [HEART AND SQUELETTAL DEFECT]


ASSOCIATION OF HORNER’S SYNDROME WITH A NECK MASS IN CHILREN IS MOST LIKELYDUE TO: NEUROBLASTOMA



A CHILD WITH A POSTERIOR MEDIASTINAL MASS THE MOST LIKELY DIAGNOSIS IS

NEUROBLASTOMA


MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA


OCCUR DURING NORMAL GROWTH IN THE FIRST 12 MONTHS OF LIFE AT LEAST A DOUBLING OF THE INITIAL BIRTH

WEIGHT TRIPLE THEIR WEIGHT BY 12 MONTHS CLOSURE OF THE POSTERIOR FONTANELLE [2-4

MONTHS] ANTERIOR FONTANELLE CLOSES AT 6-18 MONTHS ERUPTION OF AN AVERAGE OF 6-8 DECIDUOUS

TEETH INCREASE IN LENGTH OF 25 – 30 CM


TODDLER 24 MONTHS CAN

LINK 3-4 WORDS TOGETHER IN SIMPLE SENTENCES

ASSIST IN UNDRESSING SELF HANDLE SPOON AND CUP WELL BUILD A TOWER OF A 5-6 CUBES


HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE B

UNDER 2YRS OLD MENINGITIS SEPTIC ARTHRITIS BUCCAL CELLULITIS

OLDER CHILD

EPIGLOTTITIS PNEUMONIAE


HEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE B

SEPTIC ARTHRITIS IN A 4 MONTH OLD INFANT

MENINGITIS IN A 3 YRS OLD CHILD EPIGLOTTITIS IN A 6 YRS OLD CHILD BUCCAL CELLULITIS IN A 15 MONTH OLD

INFANT.


PNEUMOCOCCAL SEPSIS IS A DITINCT POSSIBILITY IN PATIENTS WITH THE FOLLOWING UNDERLYING DISEASES

PATIENT WITH ASPLENIA 10 YRS OLD WITH SICKLE CELL ANEMIA 5YR OLD SURVIVOR OF HODGKIN’S

DISEASE FOLLOWING SPLENECTOMY 8 YRS OLD WITH CHRONIC

GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE


ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA

Excessive secretions noted in the new born nursery

Difficulty feeding with cyanotic episode Inability to pass a catheter into the

stomach A history of polyhydramnios Commonly associated with

tracheoesophageal fistula


OTITIS MEDIA COMPLICATION

Hearing loss Brain abscess formation, meningitis, focal

encephalitis. Cholesteatoma Facial nerve paralysis Perforation of tympanic membrane


Otitis media

S. pneumoniae , H.influtenzae are the most common causative agents

Most prevalence infectious diseases in the childhood.



Congenital hypothyroidism

Newborn screening programs have been initiated in most states due to the difficulty in identifying the affected children

Delay in therapeutic can lead to brain damage Premature infants frequently have transiently low

levels of thyrotropin releasing factor The breast fed infants with hypothyroidism is

partially protected due to the presence of maternal thyroid hormone in the milk

Normal birth weight , length , head circumference


The most common type of seizure seen in the new born period is:

Subtle seizures [eye deviations,sucking, posturing with the extremities]


Most common manifestation of acute valvular disease during the initial stages of rheumatic fever:

Mitral regurgitation Tachycardia Cardiomegaly Pericardial effusion Complication later: valvular stenosis

Mitral regurgitation Tachycardia Cardiomegaly Pericardial effusion Complication later: valvular stenosis


Normal hematologic values in the full term infant

Polycythemia with a normal hb of 16-18 and hct of 45-60 HT and HB relatively high declining by 7 weeks of age for

premature and 2- 3 months for for the term infant = physiologic anemia in infancy.

Predominance of fetal hemoglobin Mcv =mean corpuscular volume high during neonatal period

but declines during the later infancy. Normal white blood cell count ranging from 5000 to 30000 in

the first 48h after birth with a granulocytes predominance Midly prolonged prothrombin time [PT] and PTT


New born anemia

Hemolytic diseases Acute blood loss Chronic blood loss Impaired red blood cell production


New born anemia etiology

I/ hemolytic disease of the new born =erythroblastosis fetalis

Blood group incompatibility

Documents

Sinoe Medical Association 1 usmle Dr.Danil Hammoudi