Singing and Communicating in English - Exercise Guide

EXERCISE GUIDE

General Instructions

The purpose of this exercise guide is to provide a resource for the applications of the three

most commonly used English language dialects along with suggested diction techniques

for making them singable, intelligible, and expressive.

How to Use This Book

This book is designed to work in three different pronunciations of English: AS, American

Standard Pronunciation; RP, British Received Pronunciation and the hybrid pronuncia-

tion, MA, Mid-Atlantic Pronunciation. If you are unfamiliar with the International Pho-

netic Alphabet, it is suggested that you begin with the alphabet of the pronunciation most

familiar to you. In other words, if you are a North American English speaker, begin with

chapter 1 and the International Phonetic Alphabet for North American English, and then

continue straight through the book. If you are a speaker from the United Kingdom or the

British Commonwealth, I suggest that you read the introductory remarks in chapter 1,

then proceed to chapter 14 to learn the International Phonetic Alphabet first as it applies

to Standard British, and then return to chapter 2 and work your way through the book.

Each chapter contains both British and North American texts. The reader may choose to

go through the book focusing on only one of the pronunciations or study all the pronun-

ciations simultaneously. Chapters 2–13 apply to all the English language as a whole and

are applicable to all three pronunciations.

General Guidelines

Diacritical Marks

Diacritical marks are used to notate syllabic word stress in chapters 1, 14, and 15 when

the International Phonetic Alphabet for each pronunciation is introduced. Throughout the

rest of the exercise guide, only unfamiliar words have syllabic stress notated.

Use of Dialects

Throughout the exercise guide, texts are transcribed in American Standard, AS; Received

Pronunciation, RP; and Mid-Atlantic, MA as applicable. Generally, the nationality of the

composer and the poet determine the pronunciation to which it is transcribed. If, for ex-

ample, the composer and the poet are North American, then the text is transcribed in AS.

If the composer and the poet are from the British Isles, then the text is transcribed in RP.

If the poet is British and the composer is North American, then the text has been tran-

scribed in both AS and RP. Many of the texts are also transcribed in Mid-Atlantic, MA; a

hybrid of British and American often used as a default dialect. This dialect is very useful

for texts or works that are not specifically North American or British. The ultimate dialect

choice for a performance rests with the performer or the production team and should be

based upon such things as the venue and the ability of the audience to comprehend dif-

ferent dialects, and so on. The important thing is that the use of the dialect be consistent,

clear, and expressive.

Historic versus Modern Pronunciations

British Received and Mid-Atlantic pronunciations have historic and modern versions. In

the historic versions “r’s” are flipped [r] when between vowels, and rolled [¨] when in

grammatically and syllabically stressed positions. In the modern versions, all “r’s” are

burred [R] regardless of stress. The vowel and consonant differences between historic and

modern versions can be found in chapters 14 and 15.

Treatment of Unstressed Syllables

The unstressed syllable in an English words is usually pronounced with a schwa [H] or one

of the four schwa substitutes [I], [E], [U], or [o]. In British English there is a possible fifth

substitute [0], often used for unstressed syllables spelled with “o” as in the word “com-

pare” [k0m!pEHr]. Throughout the exercise guide I have suggested one of the schwa sub-

SINGING AND COMMUNICATING IN ENGLISH

stitutes which I have found sings well for most singers. These are just a suggestions.

Please feel free to use the schwa or any of the other substitute vowels that you feel work

best for you. A detailed discussion of the schwa substitutions is found in chapter 2.

Expressive Treatments of the Texts

Beginning in chapter 8 with the glide vowels, techniques for making the text expressive

are applied to the IPA transcriptions. Though these techniques perhaps seem artificial and

overdone for speech, they actually can be used unobtrusively and can heighten the line de-

livery to text when it is set musically. The inclusion of the consonant doublings, related

glide vowels, and so on to the phonetic line is to suggest how and where they might best

be used to heighten the language. Again, these are suggestions. The purpose of the exer-

cises is to learn how and where these expressive treatments might be applied. Ultimately,

it is up to the individual singer to pick and choose which treatments they wish to apply.

Use of all the treatments suggested would be too much. They are merely there to show

possible applications and to spur on the imagination.

Good luck!

Chapter 1

The IPA Alphabet for American Standard Pronunciation

#1 p. 14

Exercise Guide

look gorgeous

lord angry*

people measure

excellent girl

lunch tongue

jealous honor/honour

beige breathe

million rehearse**

thank journey

music diaphragm

rhyme larynx

nature virtue

*Lowered [|] p. 45.

**Prefix rule p. 48.

#2 p. 14

[tSAFm] [zEfF]

[pEnsIv] [GT]

[flVd] [HnCInt]

[bCt] [vIZHn]

[wIntF] [wVns]

[h}tS] [dZaIHnt]

[HbsGd] [jIF]

[p}SHn] [InVf]

[jusHdZ] [dIfIkVlt]

[jVNgF] [l}NgwIS]

[bjutIfUl] [pRHn0Uns]

[wGD|] [tEknIkHl]

#5 p. 15

Youth, large, lusty, loving,

Youth, full of grace, force, fascination,

Do you know that old age may come after you

With equal grace, force, fascination?

Day, full blown, and splendid,

Day of immense sun,

Action, ambition, laughter.

The night follows close with millions of suns,

And sleep, and restoring darkness.

Youth, day, old age, and night—Walt Whitman

Hear the mellow bells—

Golden Bells!

What a world of happiness their harmony foretells!

Through the balmy air of the night

How they ring out their delight!

From The Bells—Edgar Allan Poe


Chapter 2

#1 p. 27

AS AS

[!RE pF twAF] [!pA vF t|]

[`sE-nsH !tI vI t|] [!d} zHld]

[wIT !dRC] [!Ti H tF]

[!I nt(F)RHst] [!IntRIst]* [!k} ndI dHt] / [!k} ndI `deIt]**

[I !mpCF tHnt] [!dI kSH `nE R|]

[I !kstRimz] [!k} RI ktFz]

[pRI !zV mSu Hs] [H !pRu vHl]

*2 or 3 syllables.

**Both pronunciations are found in AS.

#2 p. 27

AS

[DH deIz|z] [dZeImz stivHnz] [s}mjUHl bAFbF]

[In DH !sE ntHd bVd Hv DH !mCF nIN oU]

[WEn DH !wI nd| gR}s wEnt !RI plIN fAF]

[aI sC maI dIF wVn !wC kIN sloU]

[In DH fild WEF DH !deI z|z AF]

[wi dId nAt l}f }nd wi dId nAt spik]

[}z wi !wA ndFd !h} pl| tu }nd fRoU]

[aI kIst maI dIF An !aI DF tSik]

[In DH bVd Hv DH !mCF nIN oU]

[H lAFk s}N Vp fRVm DH !bRi z| l}nd]

[H lAFk s}N dAUn fRVm H klAUd H !fAF]

[}z Si }nd aI wEnt h}nd In h}nd]***

[In DH fild WEF DH !deI z|z AF]

Exercise Guide

#4 p. 28

At the beginning of the book, the texts have been transcribed in both AS and RP. In the early

stages of learning the IPA, work with whichever pronunciation is most familiar to you.

AS

[Si wCks In bjut|] [lCFd baIRHn]

[Si wCks In bjut| laIk DH naIt]

[Hv klAUdlIs klaImz }nd stAR| skaIz]

[}nd Cl D}ts bEst Hv dAFk }nd bRaIt]

[mit In hG }spEkt }nd hG aIz]

[DVs mEloUd tu D}t tEndF laIt]

[WItS hEvHn tu gCd| deI dInaIz]

[wVn SeId DH mCF wVn ReI DH lEs]

[h}d h}f ImpEFd DH neImlHs gReIs]

[WItS weIvz In EvR| ReIvIn tREs]

[CF sCftl| laItHnz CF hG feIs]

[WEF TCts sFRinl| swit IkspREs]

[hAU pjUF hAU dIF DEF dwElIN pleIs]

[}nd An D}t tSik }nd CF D}t bRAU]

[soU sCft soU kAm jEt ElokwEnt]

[DH smaIlz D}t wIn DH tInts D}t gloU]

[bVt tEl Hv deIz In gUdnHs spEnt]

[H maInd }t pis wID Cl bIloU]

[H hAFt huz lVv Iz InosEnt]

Historic RP/MA*

When two vowels are listed, the first is the variant for Received Pronunciation, RP; the

second is for Mid-Atlantic, MA.

Refer to chapter 14 for details of RP and chapter 15 for MA.

[Si wC7\Cks In bjut|] [lC7\CHrd baIRHn]

[Si wC7\Cks In !bjut| laIk DH naIt]

[0v !klAUdlEs klaImz }nd !stAr| skaIz]

[}nd C7\Cl D}ts bEst 0v dAHrk }nd bR/äIt]

[mit In h1r !}!spEkt }nd h1r aIz]

[DVs mElHU/oUd tU D}t tEndHr laIt]


[WItS hEvIn tU gC7\Cd| deI dI!naIz]

[wVn SeId DH mC7\CHr wVn R/ëI DH lEs]

[h}d hA\af ImpEHrd DH neImlEs gR/ëIs]

[WItS weIvz In EvR| R/ëIvIn tREs]

[C7\CH r s0ftl| !laItHnz C7\CHr h1r feIs]

[WEHr TC7\Cts sI!ri nl| swit Ek!spR/Ës]

[hAU pjUHr hAU dIHr DEHr !dwElIN pleIs]

[}nd 0n D}t tSik }nd C7\CHr D}t bR/¨ÄU]

[sHU/oU s0ft sHU/oU kAm jEt !El0\okwEnt]

[DH smaIlz Daet wIn DH tInts Daet glHU/oU]

[bVt tEl 0v deIz In !gUdnEs spEnt]

[H maInd }t pis wID C7\Cl bI!lHU/oU]

[H hAHrt huz lVv Iz !In0\osEnt]

*[HU] for spoken RP, [oU] for sung RP and MA.

**[ ] primary stress, [____] secondary stress, [ ] auxiliary stressed words.

# 4 p. 28

In Historic RP

[s0nIt eItin] [wIljHm SeIkspIHr]

[S}l aI kA!mpEHr Di tu H !sVmHrz deI]

[DAU AHrt mC7Hr !lVvl| }nd mC7Hr !tEmpHrrIt]

[R/¨Vf wIndz du SeIk DH !dAHrlIN bVdz 0v meI]

[}nd !sVmHrz lis h}T C7l tu SC7Hrt H deIt]

[!sV!mtaIm tu h0t Di aI 0v !hE vIn SaInz]

[}nd !0fIn Iz hIz gHU/oUld kA!mplEkSHn dImd]

[}nd !EvR| fEHr fR0m fEHr !sV!mtaIm dI!klaInz]

[baI tSAns C7Hr !neItj\tSHrz !h}NIN kC7Hrs !Vn !tRImd]

[bVt DaI I!t1rnHl !sVmHr S}l nAt feId]

[nC7Hr luz p0!zESHn 0v D}t fEHr DAU HU/oUst]

[nC7Hr S}l dET bR/¨}g DAU !w0ndRIst In hIz SeId]

[WEn In I!t1rnHl laInz tU taIm DAU gR/¨HU/oUst]

[sHU/oU l0N }z mEn k}n bR/ïD C7Hr aIz k}n si]

[sHU/oU l0N lIvz DIs }nd DIs gIvz laIf tU Di]

If RP is spoken, substitute [HU] for all the [oU] vowels; p. 219.

“R’s” in stressed words may be rolled or burred; p. 231.

Exercise Guide

Chapter 3

#1 p. 38

[’eIt] [’eItin] or [sEvIn ¥ eIt naIn] [sEvIntin ¥ eItin]

#3 p. 41

Musical examples of breath lifts:

“When the ’air sings of summer”—The Old Maid and the Thief—Menotti

“’If with ’all your hearts he truly seek me”—Elijah—Mendelssohn

#4 p. 41

On Dullness—Alexander Pope

As an exercise for recitation and concentration on glottal attack elimination, this poem has

been transcribed both in AS and RP. The student should use whichever dialect is most

natural to them so that their focus can be on the easy onset of the vowels. All the

primary stressed words must be accented. The secondary and auxiliary stressed words

that don’t have breath lifts should be stressed at the reader’s discretion.

[ ’ ] = breath lift

[ ¥ ] = phrase final consonant over to vowel

AS

[An dVlnEs] [`}lIg!z}ndF poUp]

[DVs dVlnIs DH seIf ’oUpiHt ¥ Hv DH maInd]

[DH l}st kaInd REfjudZ wIR| wIt k}n faInd]

[fIt fCF ’Cl steISHnz ’}nd ¥ In ’itS kHn!tEnt]

[’Iz s}tIsfaId sIkjUF ¥ }nd ’InosEnt]

[noU peInz ¥ It teIks !}nd noU o!fEns ¥ It gIvz]

[!VnfIFd !VnheItHd !VndIstGbd ¥ It lIvz]

[}nd ¥ If ’itS RaItIN ’CTFz bEst !pRi!tEns]

[bi bVt tU titS Di ’IgnFRHnt mCF sEns]

[DEn dVlnEs wV\Az DH kCz DeI RoUt bIfCF]

[}z tIz ¥ }t l}st DH kCz DeI RaIt noU mCF]

[soU wIt WItS moUst tU skCFn ¥ It dVz pRItEnd]

[wID dVlnIs fGst bIg}n ’In dVlnEs l}st mVst ’End]


Exercise Guide

Historic RP-spoken

[0n dVlnIs] [`}lIgz!AndHr pHUp]

[DVs dVlnIs DH seIf ’HUpIeIt ¥ 0v DH maInd]

[DH lAst kaInd R\ËfjudZ wIr| wIt kHn faInd]

[fIt fC7Hr ’C7l steISHnz ’}nd ¥ In ’itS k0n!tEnt]

[’Iz s}tIsfaId sIkjUHr ’}nd ’In0sEnt]

[nHU peInz ¥ It teIks ’}nd nHU HfEns ¥ It gIvz]

[’VnfIHrd ’VnheItId ’VndIst1rbd ¥ It lIvz]

[}nd ¥ If !itS R\äItIN !C7THrz bEst pRI!tEns]

[bi bVt tU titS Di !IgnHrrHnt mC7Hr sEns]

[DEn dVlnEs w0z DH kC7z DeI R\¨HUt bIfC7Hr]

[’}z tIz ¥ }t lAst DH kC7z DeI R\äIt nHU mC7Hr]

[sHU wIt WItS mHUst tU skC7Hrn ¥ It dVz pRItEnd]

[wID dVlnEs f1rst bIg}n ’In dVlnEs lAst mVst ’End]

Chapter 4

#1 p. 45

[mi] [Rid] [dI!siv] [H!tSiv]

[hi] [wip] [bI!liv] [!plizIN]

[Si] [kRid] [RI!lis] [!pipHl]

[wi] [kwin] [RI!liv] [!igHlz]

[sil] [Sild] [RI!vil] [jild]

#2 p. 45

The first spelling is for AS, the second for RP. In RP, the flipped intervocalic “r” is used

in Historic; the burred intervocalic “r” is used in Modern.

[mERIl|] [mEr\RIl|] [mIstFR|z] [mIstHrr\R|z] [dZCIfUl|]

[oUnl|] [HUnl|] [vER|] [vEr\R|] [!vIZH`nER|z] [!vIZHnHrr\R|z]

[sVn|] [dZGn|] [dZ1rn|] [mElHd|z]

#3 p. 45

Historic RP/MA

[hi S}l spik pis ¥ Vntu DH hiDHn] [mI!saIH] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

[oU slip WaI dVst DAU liv mi] [!sEmIl|] [h}ndHl]

[HUvHr DH ¨\RaIpInIN pitS]

[bVzIz DH bi]

[spl}S ¥ 0n the !bIlHU| bitS]

[tVmbHlz DH si]

[bVt DH pitS]

[}nd the bitS]

[DeI AHr !itS]

[nVTIN tU mi]

[R\¨VdigC7Hr] [dVbHlju Es !gIlbHrt]

#4 p. 46

AS

[!lVlH`baI]

[’aI S}l faInd fCF ju SElz ¥ }nd stAFz]

[’aI S}l swIm fCF ju RIvF (R) ¥ }nd si]

[slip maI lVv slip fCF mi]

[maI slip ¥ Iz ’oUld]

[’aI S}l fid fCF ju l}m ¥ }nd dVv]

[’aI S}l baI fCF ju SUgF (R) ¥ }nd bREd]

[slip maI lVv slip fCF mi]

[maI slip ¥ Iz dEd]

[ReIn wIl fCl bVt beIb| woUnt noU]

[hi l}fs ¥ HloUn ¥ In ’CFtSFdz ¥ Hv goUld]

[tIFz wIl fCl bVt beIb| woUnt noU]

[hIz l}ftF (R) ¥ Iz blaInd]

[slip maI lVv fCF slip ¥ Iz kaInd]

[slip ¥ Iz kaInd WEn slip ¥ Iz jVN]

[slip fCF mi]

[’aI S}l bIld fCF ju pleInz ¥ }nd boUts]

[’aI S}l k}tS fCF ju kRIkIt ¥ }nd bi]

[lEt Di ’oUld wVnz wAtS jCF slip]

[’oUnl| dET wIl wAtS Di ’oUld]

[slip]

[DH kAnsHl] [dZAn kAFloU mHnAt|]


#1 p. 49

[ItS] [itS] [hItIN] [hitIN]

[slIp] [slip] [fIlIN] [filIN]

[R\Ïd] [R\ïd] [bItF\Hr] [bitF\Hr]

[mIl] [mil] [dIpF\Hr] [dipF\Hr]

[bIn]* [bin] [R\ÏtSIz] [R\ïtSIz]

[sIn] [sin] [lIvIN] [livIN]

*In AS and MA only.

In RP, “been” is [bin] in stressed positions and [bIn] in unstressed positions.

#2 p. 50

Historic RP

[dAUn baI DH s}l| gAHrdInz maI lVv ¥ }nd ’aI dId mit]

[Si pAst DH s}l| gAHrdInz wID lItUl snoU WaIt fit]

[Si bId mi teIk laIf ’iz| }z DH livz]

g¨/RoU 0n DH tRi]

[bVt ’aI biIN jVN ¥ }nd fulIS wID h1r dId n0t ¥ HgR/Ri]

[’In ¥ H fild baI DH R/RIvHr maI lVv ¥ }nd ’aI dId st}nd]

[}nd ¥ 0n maI linIN SoUldHr Si leId h1r snoU WaIt h}nd]

[Si bId mi teIk laIf ’iz| }z DH g¨/RAs]

g¨/RoUz ¥ 0n DH wIHrz]

[bVt ’aI w0z jVN ¥ }nd fulIS ’}nd nAU }m fUl ¥ 0v

tIHrz]

[wIljHm bVtlHr jeIts]

#3 p. 50

[dIsIZHn] [dIzG/1rv] [dIlaItfUl]

[RIstCF/Hr] [RIdZCIs] [RIspA/0nd]

[bIgVn] [bIlItHl] [bIheIvjF/Hr]

[sIkjUF/UHr] [sIdÒjÔus] [sIdjus] [sIkluZHn]

[IR/roUd] [IvEnt] [IlÒjÔusIv] [IljusIv]

[IndZCI] [Inh}/Ans] [Igz}dZFReIt] [Igz}dZHrr/ReIt]

Exercise Guide

#4 p. 50

Historic RP/MA*

[’If wID ’C77\Cl jC7\CHr hAHrts ji tRul| sik mi]

[ji S}l ’EvHr SUHrl| faInd mi DVs sET ¥ AUHr g0d]

[’oU D}t ¥ aI nju WEHr (R) ¥ aI maIt faInd hIm]

[D}t ¥ aI maIt ’ivIn kVm bIfC7\CHr hIz p¨/REzEns]**

[IlaIdZH] [filIks mEndHlsHn]

*European Oratorio perfomed in North America is often sung in MA.

**Take care not to aspirate the “t” when connecting over to “I” so as to create the word “tie.”

Musical example, p. 52

RP/MA

[hi S}l fid hIz fl0k laIk H SEpHrd]

[mI!saIH] [h}ndHl]

#2 p. 52

Historic RP

[!aI HtEmpt fR0m lVvz sIknEs tu flaI In veIn]

[sIns !aI }m maIsElf maI !oUn fivHr (r) ¥ }nd peIn]

[noU mC7Hr nAU f0nd hAHrt]

[wIT p¨/RaId noU mC7Hr swEl]

[DAU k}nst n0t ¨/ReIz fC7HrsIz ¥ InVf tu RIbEl]

[Di IndIHn kwin] [hEnR| !p1rsHl]

#3 p. 53

Historic RP/MA

[loU }z DH sINHr laIz]

[In ¥ H fild ¥ 0v hEDHr]

[s0Nz ¥ 0v hIz f}SHn]

[b¨/RIN DH sweInz tUgEDHr]

[!}nd WEn DH wEst ¥ Iz ¨/REd]

[wID DH sVnsEt !EmbHrz]


[DH lVvHr lINgHrz ¥ }nd sINz]

[}nd DH meId RImEmbHrz]

[bRaIt Iz DH RIN 0v w1rdz]

[R0bHrt luIs stivInsHn]

[R}lf vC7\Cn wIljHmz]

#1 p. 55

[k}t] [h}nd] [l}nd] [p}SIn]

[h}t] [m}n] [st}nd] [m}tF/Hr]

[s}d] [v}l|] [h}p|] [b}lHns]

[D}n] [l}m] [k}ptSF/Hr] [R\¨}ptSF]

[b}g] [m}dZIk] [h}loU/HUd]* [`VndF/Hr !st}nd]

*[h}loU/HUwEd](poetic)

#2 p. 55

[}R/roU] [k}R/r|] [tS}R/rIt|] [Imb}R/rHs]

[m}R/r|] [m}R/rIdZ] [n}R/roU\HU] [p}R/rHdaIs]

[}R/rHb] [k}R/rHl] [h}R/r|] [p}R/rIs]

Note: In colloquial American English [E] is substituted for [}] in any stressed “ar” spelling;i.e., [ERoU] and [kER|], etc.

#1 p. 57

AS

[bAd|] [dZAn] [bAm] [HkAmplIS]

[dAktF] [bAks] [SAk] [`pAsH!bIlIt|]

[gAt] [kAmHn] [tAm] [pRAblHm]

[RAbFt] [kAlF] [mAtoU] [pApkCFn]

[nAt] [HpAn] [An] [gAd]

[sAm]* [kAm]* [pAm]* [bAm|]*

*In AS the “l” is not pronounced. However, in many North American regional dialects, it is pronounced [Alm]or [Clm].

Exercise Guide

RP

[b0d|] [dZ0n] [bAm] [Hk0mplIS]

[d0ktHr] [b0ks] [S0k] [`p0sI!bIlIt|]

[g0t] [k0mIn] [t0m] [pR0blHm]

[R\¨0bHrt] [k0lHr] [m0toU\HU] [p0pkC7Hrn]

[n0t] [Hp0n] [0n] [g0d]

In the following words, the “al” spelling is pronounced [A]:

[sAm] [kAm] [pAm] [bAm|]

#2 p. 58

AS

[SUF (R) ¥ An DIs SaInIN naIt]

[!Hv stAF meId S}doUz RAUnd]

[kaIndnIs mVst wAtS fCF mi]

[DIs saId DH gRAUnd]

[DH leIt jIF laIz dAUn* DH nCFT]

[!Cl ¥ Iz hild]

[!Cl ¥ Iz hElT]

[haI sVmF hoUldz Di !GT]

[hAFts !Cl hoUl]

[SUF (R) ¥ An DIs SaInIN naIt]

[!aI wip fCF wVndF]

[wAndRIN fAF ÒRÔ ¥ HloUn]

[!Hv S}doUz ¥ An DH stAFz]

[dZeImz eIdZ|] [s}mjUHl bAFbF]

*Phrasal verbs are double stressed.


Chapter 5

#1 p. 61

[tu] [kul] [blu] [blu]

[TRu] [luz] [hu] [hum]

[fRut] [mun] [nun] [flut]

[Ruf] [tSuz] [glu] [flu]

[glum] [suD] [tum] [wundId]

[dZun] [bR\üz] [pF/Hr !R/ruz] [RIkR/üt]

[skul]* [ful]* [tul]* [kul]*

*If there are problems with the back dark “l,” insert a [U] before the [l] to keep the tongue from bunching.

#2 p. 62

[stup] [stjupId] [nun] [nju]

[tu] [tjun] [du] [dju]

[pu] [pju] [hu] [hju]

[ku] [kju] [flute] [l(j)ut]*

*”Lute” is pronounced with a Liquid U [ljut] in Historic RP. In Modern RP and AS it is [lut].

The words in the second columns would always have [ju] in RP, MA and classical texts for AS. In colloquialNorth American, these words are usually pronounced with the [u] only.

#3 p. 62

AS

[!aI h}v wISt ¥ H bGd wUd flaI HweI]

[!}nd nAt sIN RAUnd maI hAUs !Cl deI]

[!aI h}v kl}pt maI h}ndz ¥ }t hIm fRVm DH dCF]

[WEn ¥ It simd ¥ }z !If ¥ aI kUd bEF noU mCF]

[DH fClt mVst pAFtl| h}v bIn ¥ In mi]

[DH bGd wA/Vz nAt tu bleIm fCF hIz ki]

[!}nd bIsaIdz DEF mVst bi sVmTIN RCN]

[!In wA/VntIN tu saIlHns !En| sCN]

[H maInF bGd] [RAbFt fRCst] [!silIHs dCFt|]

Exercise Guide

#4 p. 62

AS

[sloUl| saIlHntl| nAU DH mun]

[wCks DH naIt ¥ In hG sIlvF Sun]

[DIs weI }nd D}t Si pIFz ¥ }nd siz]

[sIlvF fRut ¥ HpAn sIlvF tRiz]

[!}nd muvlIs fIS ¥ In DH wCtF glim]

[baI sIlvF Ridz ¥ In ¥ H sIlvF stRim]

[sIlvF] [wCltF dE lA mEF] [dZAn djuk]

#5 p. 62

AS

[si hAU DeI lVv mi]

[gRin lif goUld gR}s]

[swERIN maI blu RIsts]

[tIk ¥ }nd ¥ AF taImlIs]

[si hAU It wuz mi]

[!oUld si blu si]

[kGvIN ¥ H h}f mun]

[RAUnd tu sFRAUnd mi]

[jEt ju RIbjuk mi]

[!oU lVv ¥ aI !oUnl| pFsju]

[si hAU DeI lVv mi]

[si hAU DeI lVv mi] [hAUFd mCs] [nEd RCRHm]

#1 p. 64

[pUl] [pul]

[stUd] [stud] [stjud]

[kUd] [kud]

[wUd] [wud]

[fUl] [ful]

[SUd] [Sud]

[kUk] [kuk]

[hUd] [hud]


#2 p. 65

[fUl] [wUd] [gUd] [lUk]

[pUt] [bUk] [stUd] [wUd]

[pUS] [fUt] [kR\ÜkId] [wUlf]

[fUl!fIl] [wUl] [fCF !sUk] [wUmHn]

[fC7Hr !sUk]

#3 p. 65

Colloquial American

[!oU swi/ }n lVvl| leId| bi gUd]

[!oU leId| bi gUd tU mi]

[!aI }m soU !Cfl| mIsVndFstUd]

[soU leId| bi gUd tU mi]

[!oU pliz h}v sVm pIé|]*

[!aIm !Cl ¥ HloUn ¥ In DIs sIé|]*

[!aI tEl jH aIm dZVst ¥ H loUnsHm]

[beIb ¥ In DH wUd]

[soU leId| bi gUd tU mi]

[aIRH !gGSwIn] [dZCFdZ !gGSwIn]

*[ é ] = flapped t as in “better.”


[S}l be IgzC7\CltEd] [C7\C] modified to [o] as melisma continues into passaggio.

#1 p. 69

AS RP AS RP AS RP AS RP

[Cl] [C7l] [bIkCz] [bIkC7z] [C] [C7] [dCtF] [dC7tHr]

[IgzClt] [IgzC7lt] [HplCd] [HplC7d] [dZC] [dZC7] [Ct] [C7t]

[wCk] [wC7k] [CtHm] [C7tHm] [CfUl] [C7fUl] [tCt] [tC7t]

[ClweIz] [C7lweIz] [IgzCst [IgzC7st] [CnIN] [C7nIN] [wIDdRC] [wITdRC7]

[pCl] [pC7l] [sCl] [sC7l] [kCSHn] [kC7SIn] [wCtF] [wC7tHr]

Exercise Guide

#2 p. 69

AS

[slip fClz wID lImpId dRAps ¥ Hv ReIn]

[!HpAn DH stip klIfs ¥ Hv DH tAUn]

[slip fClz mEn ¥ AF (R) ¥ }t pis ¥ HgEn]

[WaIl DH smCl dRAps fCl sCftl| dAUn]*

[DH bRaIt dRAps RIN laIk bElz ¥ Hv gl}s]

[TInd baI DH wInd ¥ }nd laItl| bloUn]

[slip k}nAt fCl ¥ An pisfHl gR}s]

[soU sCftl| }z ¥ It fClz ¥ An stoun]

[pis fClz !VnhidId ¥ An DH dEd]

[!Hslip DeI h}v h}d pis tu dRINk]

[!HpAn ¥ H laIv m}nz blVd| hEd]

[!It fClz moUst tEndFl| aI TINk]

[bElz In De ReIn] [ElInF waIl|] [dZAn djuk]

*“Falls down” is a phrasal verb and is double stressed.

#3 p. 70

Historic RP

[!Vnl1rnd hi In !C7t]

[seIv D}t WItS lVv h}z tC7t]

[!aI }m DH loU\HUl|Ist tAHr]

[D}t seIlz DH wC7tHr]

[!}nd ju pR\ÄUd meIdIn ¥ AHr]

[DH k}ptInz dC7tHr]

[!eItS !Em !Es pInHfC7Hr] [gIlbHrt }nd sVlIvHn]

Chapter 6

#1 p. 74

[dZVst] [mVDF/Hr] [lVv] [mVn|]

[mVtS] [blVd] [kVm] [jVN]

[wVn] [sVtS] [Vs] [pVnIS]

[kVp] [bR/RVDF/Hr] [sVm] [tVtS]

[sVn] [wV\Az] [VtF/Hrl|] [kVmfF/Hrt]


#2 p. 74

[hVzbHnd] [HbVv] [VnjHn]

[hVbVb] [RVfIHn] [HbVtmHnt]

[HmVN] [dZVdZmHnt] [kVltHveIt]

[SVvHl] [lVvl|Hst] [tRVbHl]

#3 p. 74

AS

[DH sVn h}z fClHn ¥ }nd ¥ It laIz ¥ In blVd]

[DH mun ¥ Iz wivIN b}ndIdZIz ¥ Hv goUld]

[!oU bl}k swAn WEF (R) ¥ Iz maI lVvF gCn]

[tCFn ¥ }nd t}tFd ¥ Iz maI bRaIdHl gAUn]

[!}nd maI l}mp ¥ Iz lCst]

[wIT sIlvF nidHlz ¥ }nd wIT sIlvF TREd]

[DH stAFz stItS ¥ H SRAUd fCF DH daIN sVn]

[!oU bl}k swAn WEF h}z maI lVvF gCn]

[DH bl}k swAn] [DH midIHm] [mInAt|]

#4 p. 74

Colloquial American

[wVts DH jus ¥ Hv wVndRIn !If hiz gUd ¥ CF !If hiz b}d]

[CF !If jU laIk DH weI hi wEFz hIz h}t]

[hiz jG fElF(R) ¥ }nd jU lVv hIm]

[D}ts !Cl DEF (R) ¥ Iz tU D}t]

[wVts DH jus Hv wVndRIn] [kERHsEl] [RItSFd RAdZFz }nd AskF h}mFstaIn]

#1 p. 77

AS

[GT] [hGd] [sGdZ] [wGk]

[gGl] [mGs|] [EF] [G] [RIhGs]

[bGT] [dIvGs] [TGd] [aIFn]

[EvF] [mVTF] [lEdZF] [mIzFR|]

[pFh}ps] [m}stF] [}ktF] [kVmftFbHl]

Exercise Guide

#2 p. 77

AS

[mGdZF] [mGmF]

[hGbFt] [lGnF]

[mGdF] [wGkF]

[sGvF] [bGnF]

[pFvGtHd] [fGvF]

#3 p. 77

AS/Modern MA*

[TINz tSeIndZ dZoU TINz tSeIndZ]

[jUF\Hr (R) ¥ H beIb ¥ }t DH bREst]

[jUF\Hr (R) ¥ H dCtF\Hr baI DH faIF\Hr]

[ju h}v !Cl DH lVv ju TINk ju kUd dIzaIF\Hr]

[stIl TINz tSeIndZ dZoU]

[!}nd !oU WV/0t h}pHnz WEn DeI du]

[jCF\Hr hAF\Hrt dZoU jCF\Hr hAF\Hrt]

[!Its ¥ H bG\1rd ¥ In DH nEst wID ¥ Its hEd bIniT ¥ Its wIN]

[h}\af ¥ Hslip ¥ It k}nA\0t noU It wV/0nts ¥ H TIN]

[stIl jCF\Hr hAF\Hrt dZoU aI noU wIl dRim ¥ Hv sVmTIN nju]

[sVmTIN D}t blG\1rd D}t bRoUk wIDIn mi]

[H sikRIt wG\1rd hu wV/0z ¥ It spoUk wIDIn mi]

[Si lVvz hG\1r mVDF\Hr lVvz hG\1r fADF\Hr]

[hG\1r sIstF\Hrz ¥ Hv kCF\Hrs bVt wV/Ants hG\1r dZA\0n]

[jUF\Hr (R) ¥ H RoUzbVd ¥ In DH naIt]

[jUF\Hr (R) ¥ H blA\0sHm ¥ In DH mCF\Hrn]

[jUF\Hr !VnmeId baI DH laIt jEt RibCF\Hrn]

[TINz tSeIndZ !}nd !oU wVn deI maI dZoU]

[!aI wIS !oUnl| D}t TINz tSeIndZ DH seIm weI fCF\Hr ju]

[TINz tSeIndZ] [lItHl wImIn] [mAFk HdAmoU]

*The premiere of Little Women at Houston Grand Opera was performed and recorded in Mid-Atlantic dialect.


#4 p. 78

AS

[!}t DH kRaI Hv DH fGst bGd]

[DeI bIg}n tu kRusIfaI Di !oU swAn]

[nEvF S}l lHmEnt sis bIkCz ¥ Hv D}t]

[!It wV/Az laIk DH pAFtIN ¥ Hv deI fRVm naIt]

[!A sCF wV/Az DH sVfRIN bCFn]

[baI DH bAd| Hv mER|z sVn]

[bVt sCRF stIl tu hIm wV/Az DH gRif]

[D}t fCF hIz seIk keIm ¥ HpAn hIz mVDF]

[DH kRusHfIkSHn] [DH hGmIt sCNz] [s}mjUHl bAFbF]

Chapter 7

#1 p. 83

AS/RP

[saI] [maIl] [faInaIt] [aIlHnd]

[R\äIt] [paIl] [sHbsaId] [deIlaIt]

[twaIs] [aIm] [daIR\r|] [laIsHns]

[R\äIz] [bIgaIl] [sG/1rtHfaI] [daImHnd]

[gaId] [tRaIHmf] [baIsIkHl] [baI!A/0gRHf|]

#2 p. 83

RP

[dR\(¨)INk tu mi !oUnl| wID DaIn !aIz]

[}nd !aI wIl plEdZ wID maIn]

[!C7Hr liv ¥ H kIs bVt ¥ In DH kVp]

[!}nd !aIl n0t lUk fC7Hr waIn]

[DH T1rst D}t fR0m DH soUl dVT R\äIz]

[dVT !Ask H dR\(¨)INk dIvaIn]

[bVt maIt ¥ aI 0v dZoUvz nEktHr sVp]

[!aI wUd n0t tSeIndZ fC7Hr DaIn]

[dRINk tu mi oUnl| wID DaIn aIz] [bEn dZ0nsHn]

Arranged by [R0dZHr kwIltHr]

Note: Many of the subject and object pronouns have been stressed in this poem because there seems to be acomparison between them.

Exercise Guide

#3 p. 83

Colloquial American

[bVd| An DH naI/ Sift]

[aI hoUp ju slEpt !Cl deI]

[HntIl DH mun keIm ¥ AU/]

[}nd woUk ju Vp ¥ }nd sEnt ju HweI]

[hHloU DEF bVd| An DH naI/ SIft]

[!aI hoUp ju fil faIn]

[!aI lEft ¥ H lAé ¥ Hv wGk fCF ju tU du]

!An Di HsEmbl| laIn]

[bVd| An DH naI/ SIft] [lVntStaIm fAl|z] [kGt vaIl]

*[/] = glottalized consonant in Colloquial American pronunciation.

**[é] = flapped t characteristic of Colloquial American speech.

Note: In Colloquial American speech, final consonants are often dropped or glottalized and connective or me-dial “t’s” are flapped. See p. 294.

#1 p. 85

AS/RP

[feIt] [R\ëIdZ] [veIn] [R\ëIn]

[deI] [gR\ëIt] [meId] [obeI] [HUbeI]

[leIs] [feIs] [dIsdeIn] [gR\ëItfUl]

[bItR\(¨)eI] [DeI] [R\ëIdIHnt] [pRo!kleIm] [pR0!kleIm]

#2 p. 85

Historic RP

[DH sVn huz R\ëIz AHr (r) ¥ C7l ¥ HbleIz In !EvHr lIvIN glC7r|]

[dVz n0t dInaI hIz m}dZIst| hi skC7Hrnz tU tEl ¥ H stC7r|]

[hi dHU/oUnt ¥ IkskleIm ¥ aI blVS fC7Hr SeIm sHU/oU kaIndl| bi IndVldZInt]

[bVt fIHrs ¥ }nd bHU/oUld ¥ In faIr| gHU/oUld hi glC7r|z !C7l ¥ IfVldZHnt]

[DH sVn huz ReIz AHr C7l HbleIz] [De mI/ikAdHU]


#3 p. 85

AS

[kweInt neIm !}n stRit]

[wIdT ¥ Hv seIm tEn fit]

[bAFnHmz mAb !}n stRit]

[fAF fRVm AbsHlit]

[n}RoU jEs !}n stRit]

[bVt bIznHs boUT fit]

[sVn dZVst hIts !}n stRit]

[DEn ¥ It kwIts sVm gRit]

[R}DF SCFt !}n stRit]

[}n stRit] [tSAFlz aIvz]


[r\ÏdZCIs* gR\ëItl|]

The [CI] dipthong is modified to [oI] as it passes through the passaggio.

*See note below: #3 p. 88.

#1 p. 87

AS/RP/MA

[dZCI] [vCIs] [RIdZCIs] [dIstRCI]

[tCIl] [nCIz] [R/¨CIl] [ImplCI]

[tSCIs] [dZCIn] [ImbR/¨CIl] [pCInjHnt]

[IndZCI] [CIstF/Hr] [sG/1rlCIn] [`dIsH!pCInt]

#2 p. 87

Historic RP

[WEn f1rst maI !HU/oUld !HU/oUld lVv ¥ aI nju]

[maI bUzHm wEld wID dZCI]

[maI R/RItSIz ¥ }t h1r fit ¥ aI TR/Ru]

[aI w0z ¥ H lVv sIk bCI]

[nHU/oU t1rmz simd tu IkstR}vIgHnt]

Exercise Guide

[Hp0n h1r tu EmplCI

[aI just tu mHUp ¥ }nd saI }nd p}nt]

[dZVst laIk ¥ H lVv sIk bCI]

[tRaIl baI DZUR|] [gIlbHrt }nd sVlIvHn]

In Gilbert and Sullivan, the [HU] dipthong may be used in singing. Generally in classical music, this diphthongis not used for singing.

#3 p. 88

RP/MA

[R\rI!dZÒ»tSÔCIs* gR/ëItl| oU dC7/CtHr (r) ¥ 0v zaIHn]

[SAUt !oU dC7/CtHr (r) ¥ 0v dZH!rusHlEm]

[bIhoUld DaI kIN kVmET !Vntu Di]

[hÒçÔi Iz DH R/äItSHs seIvjHr]

[}nd hÒçÔi S}l spik pis !Vntu DH hÒç)iDHn]**

[RIDZCIs gReItl|] [mIsaIH] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

*[tS] can be substituted for [dZ] for projection and to save breath on the melisma. See #3 p. 116.

**[ç] can be substituted for [h]. See Aids for Projection, p. 162.

Note: The unstressed initial syllable of a grammatically stressed word like “rejoice” should not be rolled buteither burred or flipped so as to target the stressed second syllable.

#4 p. 88

AS

[!An DH leIk WEF dRupt DH wIloU]

[lCN taIm ¥ HgoU]

[WEF DH RAk dRu b}k DH bIloU]

[bRaItF D}n snoU]

[dwElt ¥ H meId bIlVvd ¥ }nd tSERISt]

[baI haI }nd loU]*

[bVt wID !CtHm lif Si pERISt]

[lCN taIm ¥ HgoU]

[RAk ¥ }nd tRi }nd floUIN wCtF]

[lCN taIm ¥ HgoU]

[bGd }nd bi }nd blAsHm tCt hG]

[lVvz spEl tu noU]

[WaIl tu maI fAnd wGdz Si lIsHnd]

[mGmFRIN loU]


[tEndFl| hG blu !aIz glIsHnd]

[lCN taIm ¥ HgoU]

[lCN taIm HgoU] [}RHn koUplHnd] [oUld HmHRIkHn sCNz]

*The words “high” and “low” function as collective nouns.

#1 p. 90

AS/ RP

[pC\C7z] [poUz] [boUl] [bUl]

[wC/C7k] [woUk] [SoUd] [SUd]

[SC/C7l] [SoUl] [poUl] [pUl]

[tSC/C7k] [tSoUk] [stoUd] [stUd]

[sC/C7] [soU] [koUd] [kUd]

#2 p. 90

Historic RP/MA

[HweI In DH S}doUz ¥ H loUn b1rd ¥ Iz sININ]

[DH wInd WIspHrz loU In ¥ H saIN RIfReIn]

[DEHr mjuzIk meIks mEmHrr|z vCIsIz goU wININ]

[Di !}S gR/öUv ¥ In bjut| aI si wVns ¥ HgeIn]

[hAU lItHl wi nju }z wi lA/aft DEHr soU laItl|]

[!}nd\¥ taIm* simd tu Vs tu stREtS !EndlIs ¥ HweI]

[DH hoUps D}t DEn S0n laIk ¥ H vIZHn soU bR/äItl|]

[kUd feId ¥ }z ¥ H dRim ¥ }t DH kVmIN ¥ 0v deI]

[Di }S gRoUv] [oUld wElS mElHd|]

*d/t combinations as in “and/time” can be imploded. See chapter 10.

Note: This text is read with a Welsh accent on the OUP website.

#3 p. 91

RP/MA

[!oU bi stIl !VnkwaIHt TC7/Cts ¥ }nd R/Ëst ¥ 0n lVvz ¥ }d!vEntHr]

[goU noU mC7\CHr (r) ¥ HstR\(¨)eI maI w0ntHn !aIz bVt kip wIDIn jC7\CHr sEntHr]

[dIlaIt n0t jC7/CHrsElvz fC7/CHr tU st}nd ¥ }nd geIz]

[!0n Di HljUrIN lUks ¥ 0v ¥ H bjutIHs feIs]

[fC7/Cr lVv ¥ Iz laIk tu }n !EndlIs meIz]

[mC7\CHr hAHrd\ ¥ tU gEt D}n tu !EntHr]

[DH lVvHrz meIz] [t0mHs k}mpIHn][pitHr wC7\CHrl0k]

Exercise Guide

#3 p. 92

RP

[hi hu dAUts fR0m W0t hi siz]

[wIl nEHr bIliv soU 00t ju pliz]

[!If DH sVn ¥ }nd mun SUd dAUt]

[DeId !ImidiHtl|* goU !AUt]

[C7gjUr|z 0v In0sHns] [wIljHm bleIk]

*In British speech, often the unstressed syllable of grammatically stressed word as in “immediately” will beinitiated with a glottal or breath lift.

#4 p. 93

Historic RP/MA

[kVm ¥ HweI kVm ¥ HweI dET]

[}nd ¥ In s}d saIpRIs lEt mi bi leId]

[flaI ¥ HweI flaI ¥ HweI bR/ËT]

[!aI }m sleIn baI H fEHr kR/üEl meId]

[maI SR/ÄUd ¥ 0v WaIt stVk !C7/Cl wIT ju]

[!oU pRIpEHr (r) ¥ It]

[maI pAHrt ¥ 0v dET noU wVn soU tRu]

[dId SEHr(r) ¥ It]

[n0t ¥ H flAUHr n0t ¥ H flAUHr swit]

[!0n maI bl}k\ ¥ kC7/CfIn* lEt DEHr bi stR\(¨)oUn]

[n0t ¥ H fR/Ënd n0t ¥ H fR/Ënd gR/ït]

[maI pC7/UHr kC7/CHrps WEHr maI boUnz S}l bi TR/öUn]

[H TAUzHnd TAUzHnd saIz tU seIv]

[leI mi !oU WEHr]

[s}d\ tRu* lVvHr nEvHr faInd maI gR/ëIv]

[tU wip DEHr]

[wIljHm SeIkspIHr] [!dAmHnIk AF!dZEntoU]**

*k/g and d/t combinations as in “black/coffin” and “sad/true” can be imploded. See chapter 10.

**Though Dominick Argento is an American composer, I recommend performing this song in either RP orMA since these are Elizabethan texts.


#3 p. 95

Historic RP/MA

[!EndlHs plEZHr !EndlHs lVv]

[sEmIl| IndZCIz ¥ HbVv]

[!0n h1r bUzHm dZoUv R\rIklaInIN]*

[juslHs nAU hIz TVndHr laIz]

[tu h1r !AHrmz hIz boUlts R\rIzaInIN]*

[!}nd hIz laI/nIN** tu h1r !aIz]

[sEmIl|] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

*In RP and MA, initial r’s of grammatically stressed words can be burred or flipped.

**The “t” in “lightning” is glottaled and not sounded.

#4 p. 95

Colloquial AS

[!aI wV/Az st}ndIN ¥ In ¥ H gAFdHn]

[HgAFdHn gCn tU sid]

[tSoUkt wID !EvR| kaInd ¥ Hv wid]

[DEF wG twIstHd tRÒtSRÔiz* ¥ HRAUnd mi]

[!Cl bl}k ¥ HgEnst DH skaI]

[bl}k ¥ }nd bEF (R) ¥ }n dEd ¥ }n dRaI]

[maI fADF kCld kVm !AU| ¥ Hv DIs pleIs]

[aI wV/An|Id\ ¥ tU goU bV/ DEF wV/Az noU weI]

[noU saIn noU p}T tU SoU mi DH weI]

[DEn ¥ HnVDF vCIs wV/Az kClIN]

[I/ bEFl| kU/ bi hGd]

[!aI RImEmbF !EvR| wGd]

[DEHr (R) ¥ Iz ¥ H gAFdHn]

[kVm wID mi]

[H SaInIN gAFdHn kVm ¥ }n si]

[DEF lVv wIl titS ¥ Vs]

[hAFmHn| }n gReIs]

[DEn lVv wIl lid ¥ Vs]

[tu** H kwaIHt pleIs]

[tRVbHl In tHhit|] [lEnFd bGnstaIn]

*[tSR\¨] can substitute for [tR] to aid projection through thick accompaniment.

**Elongated vowels must be sung as full vowel sounds. Therefore, “to” in this line should be sung as [tu].

Note: Colloquial American speech is a relaxed pronunciation in which some final consonants are glotallized ordropped.

Exercise Guide


Historic RP/MA

[!and DH dIzaIHr (r) ¥ 0v ¥ C7\Cl neISHnz S}l kVm]

#2 p. 97

Historic RP/MA

[!oU h}d ¥ aI DZubHlz laIHr (r) ¥ ]

[C7/CH r mIrjHmz tj\ÒtSÔunfUl* vCIs]

[tu sAUndz laIk hÒçÔIz **aI wUd HspaIHr]

[tu sAUndz laIk hÒçÔ1rz R\ÏdZ\ÒtSÔCIs]

[maI hVmbHl stR\(¨)eInz bVt feIntl| SoU]

[hAU mVtS tu hEvn ¥ }nd Di aI !oU]

[dZ0SuH] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

*[tS] may be substituted for [tj] to aid projection through accompaniment.

**[C] may be substituted for [h] to aid projection.

#2. p. 97

Historic RP/MA

[bVt hu meI ¥ HbaId DH deI ¥ 0v hÒçÔIz kVmIN]

[!}nd hu S}l st}nd WEn hÒçÔi ¥ HpIrET]

[fC7/CHr hÒçÔi ¥ Iz laIk !H R\ÏfaInHrz faIHr]

[mIsaIH] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

#3 p. 98

AS/RP/MA

[bIlVvEd DAU h}st bRC\C7t mi mEn| flAUF\Hrz]

[plVkt fRV\0m DH gAFdIn !Cl DH sVmF\Hr TRu]

[!}nd wIntF !}nd ¥ It simd ¥ }z ¥ If DeI gR\ü]

[!In DIs kloUs R\üm nC\C7F mIst DH sVn ¥ }nd SAUF\Hrz]

[soU In DH laIk neIm ¥ H\0v D}t lVv ¥ H\0v !AUF\Hrz]

[teIk b}k* Diz TC\C7ts WItS hIF (R\r) ¥ AF !VnfoUldId\ ¥ tu]*

[}nd WItS A\0n wCF\C7Hrm }nd koUld deIz ¥ aI wITdR\(¨)u]


[fRV\0m maI hAFts gRAund !Indid DoUz bEdz ¥ }nd bAUF\Hrz]

[bi !oUvF\HrgR\öUn wID bItF\Hr widz ¥ }nd R\ü]

[}nd weIt DaI widIN jEt hIF\Hrz !EglHntaIn]

[hIF\Hrz !aIv| teIk DE\Hm ¥ }z !aI jusd\ ¥ tu du*]

[DaI flAUF\Hrz }nd kip DE\Hm 0EF DeI S}l nA\0t paIn]

[!InstR\(¨)Vkt DaIn !aIz tu kip DEF kVlF\Hrz tR\(¨)u]

[}nd\ ¥ tEl* DaI soUl DEF\Hr R\üts ¥ AF\Hr lEft ¥ In maIn]

[bIlVvEd DAU h}st bRC\C7t mi mEn| flAUF\Hrz]

[IlIzHbET b}RHt bRAunIN] [lIb| lAFsHn]

*Implosions—see chapter 10.

**See Phrasal Verbs, p. 295.

Chapter 8

#1 p. 109

[RoUz]\[RHUz] [öUz]\[¨HUz] [RoUz]\[RHUz]

[RCN]\RC7N] [¨CN]\[¨C7N] [RCN]\ [RC7N]

[kRaI] [käI] [kRaI]

[bRET] [bËT] [bRET]

[TREd] [TËd] [TREd]

#2 p. 109

[ÒiÔjEs] [ÒiÔjEloU] [ÒiÔjVN] [ÒiÔjC\C7n]

[ÒiÔjIF\Hr] [ÒiÔjCF\C7Hr] [ÒiÔjA\0ndF\Hr] [ÒiÔjG\1rn]

[ÒiÔjEt] [ÒiÔjAt] [ÒiÔj}mz] [ÒiÔj}Nk|]

[ÒiÔji] [ÒiÔjCF\C7Hrk] [ÒiÔjUR\rHp] [ÒiÔjEstF\HrdeI]\[ÒiÔjEstF\Hrd|]

[ÒuÔwG\1rld] [ÒuÔwC\C7k] [ÒuÔwVndF\Hr] [ÒuÔwG\1rD|]

[ÒuÔwaIf] [ÒuÔwC\0S] [ÒuÔwUmHn] [ÒuÔwIzdHm]

[ÒuÔwG\1rm] [ÒuÔweI] [ÒuÔwUd] [ÒuÔwEDF\Hr ]

[ÒuÔwIt|] [ÒuÔwISHz] [ÒuÔwItS] [hÒuÔwEDF\Hr]

[ÒFÔR\äIp] [pÒFÔR\ÄUd] [bÒFÔR\ÄUn] [dÒFÔRVm] [kÒFÔR\ïm]

[ÒFÔR\ïl|] [pÒFÔR\ëI] [bÒFÔR\äIt] [dÒFÔRC\C7] [kÒFÔR\ÄUd]

[ÒFÔR\¨Vf] [pÒFÔR\Ïnt] [bÒFÔR\ÏN] [dÒFÔRim] [kÒFÔR\¨}\Aft]

[ÒFÔR\äIm] [pÒFÔR\Ït|] [bÒFÔR\¨VDHr] [dÒFÔRIR\r|] [kÒFÔR\ÄUn]

Exercise Guide

#3 p. 110

RP/MA

[WEn gÒFÔR\ïn ¥ }z ¥ H ÒFÔR\ÏvHr w0z DH bAHrl|]

[gÒFÔR\ïn ¥ }z DH ÒFÔR\ÏvHr DH ÒFÔR\äI]

[aI ÒuÔweIdId dip ¥ }nd bIg}n tU pAHrl|]

[wID ¥ H ÒiÔjuT hum !aI h1rd saI]

[!aI sik sEd hi H lVvl| leId|]

[H nImf ¥ }z bÒFÔR\äIt ¥ }z ¥ H kÒuÔwin]

[laIk ¥ H tÒFÔR\(¨)i D}t dÒFÔRIps wIT p1rlz h1r SeId|]

[l0ks ¥ 0v hEHr w1r sin]

[!}nd !C7\Cl DH ÒFÔR\ÏvHrz bIkeIm h1r fl0ks]

[DoU DEHr ÒuÔwUl ju k}n0t SIHr]

[bIk0z ¥ 0v DH lVv ¥ 0v h1r floUIN l0ks]

[DH kINl| sVn laIk ¥ H sÒuÔweIn]

[keIm stÒFÔRC7\CN !VnhidIN ¥ 0v h1r skC7\CHrn]

[ÒuÔweIdIN ¥ In dips WEHr Si h}z leIn]

[slipIN ¥ Hp0n h1r ÒFÔR\ÏvHr lC7\Cn]

[}nd tSeIsIN h1r stAr| s}tHr tÒFÔReIn]

[Si flEd !}nd tSeIndZd ¥ Intu H tÒFÔRi]

[D}t lVvl| fEHr hEHrd leId|]

[!}nd nAU aI sik TRu DH sIHr sVmHr]

[WEHr noU tÒFÔRiz ¥ AHr SeId|]

[d}fn|] [TRi poEmz 0v idIT sI/wEl] [wIljHm wC7\CltHn]

Note: Take care with rolled “r’s” on “tr” and “dr” combinations. “D’s” and “t’s” followed by a rolled “r” tendto be dentalized and are not characteristically English. Make sure they are aspirated.

For North American speakers, I have transcribed this text also in AS. It may be helpful to

practice inserting the related glide vowels in AS before you try it in RP or MA.

AS

[WEn gÒFÔRin ¥ }z ¥ H ÒFÔRIvF wA\Vz DH bAFl|]

[gÒFÔRin ¥ }z DH ÒFÔRIvF DH ÒFÔRaI]

[aI ÒuÔweIdHd dip ¥ }nd bIg}n tU pAFl|]

[wID ¥ H ÒiÔjuT hum !aI hGd saI]

[!aI sik sEd hi H lVvl| leId|]


[H nImf ¥ }z bÒFÔRaIt ¥ }z ¥ H kÒuÔwin]

[laIk ¥ H tÒFÔR\(¨)i D}t dÒFÔRIps wIT pGlz hG SeId|]

[lAks ¥ Hv hEHr wG sin]

[!}nd !Cl DH ÒFÔRIvFz bIkeIm hG flAks]

[DoU DEF ÒuÔwUl ju k}nAt SIF]

[bIkCz ¥ Hv DH lVv ¥ Hv hG floUIN lAks]

[DH kINl| sVn laIk ¥ H sÒuÔweIn]

[keIm stÒFÔRCN !VnhidIN ¥ Hv hG skCFn]

[ÒuÔweIdIN ¥ In dips WEF Si h}z leIn]

[slipIN ¥ HpAn hG ÒFÔRIvHr lCn]

[}nd tSeIsIN hG stAr| s}tHr tÒFÔReIn]

[Si flEd !}nd tSeIndZd ¥ Intu H tÒFÔRi]

[D}t lVvl| fEF hEFd leId|]

[!}nd nAU aI sik TRu DH sIF sVmF]

[WEF noU tÒFÔRiz ¥ AF SeId|]

[d}fn|] [TRi poHmz Hv idIT sI/wEl] [wIljHm wCltHn]

#4 p. 111

Colloquial American

[DEFz ¥ H pleIs fCF (R) ¥ Vs]

[!sVmÒuÔ!wEF (R) ¥ H pleIs fCF (R) ¥ Vs]

[pis ¥ }n kÒuÔwaIHé ¥ }nd !oUpHn !EF]

[ÒuÔweI/ fCF (R) ¥ Vs]

[!sVmÒuÔ!wEF]

[DEFz ¥ H taIm fCF (R) ¥ Vs]

[!sVm!deI H taIm fCF (R) ¥ Vs]

[taIm tUgEDF wIT taIm tU spEF]

[taIm tU lGn taIm tU kEF]

[!sVm!deI]

[!sVmÒuÔ!wEF]

[ÒuÔwil faInd ¥ H nu ÒuÔweI Hv lIvIN]

[ÒuÔwil faInd ¥ H ÒuÔweI Hv fCF!gIvIN]

[sVmÒuÔwEF]

[DEFz ¥ H pleIs fCF (R) ¥ Vs]

[!H taIm ¥ }n pleIs fCF (R ) ¥ Vs]

Exercise Guide

[hoUld maI h}nd ¥ }n wiF h}f ÒuÔweI DEF]

[hoUld maI h}nd ¥ }n ¥ aIl teIk ju DEF]

[!sVm!hAU]

[!sVm!deI]

[!sVm!ÒuÔwEF]

[sVmwEF] [wEst saId stCR|] [lEnFd bGnstaIn]

[stIvHn sAndhaIm]

Note: Exercises #3 and #4 are academic exercises designed to help singers find where glide vowel applicationscould be applied to bring out grammatically stressed words. Use of all of the glide applications above wouldbe too much. When singing this text, the singer should pick and choose which of the related glide vowels he orshe would like to use. It is not necessary to use them all.

Chapter 9

#1 p. 117

[wG\1rd] [wG\1rdz] [steIdZ] [steIdZHz]

[liv] [livz] [RIkwaIF\Hr] [RIkwaIF\Hrz]

[gG\1rl] [gG\1rlz] [st}b] [st}bz]

[hVm] [hVmz] [m}n] [m}nz]

[h}N] [h}Nz] [beID] [beIDz]

#2 p. 117

AS/RP

[sElHbR\ëISHn] [mHdZEstIk] [sF\HrpRaIz]

[In\NkRis] [RImEmbF\Hr] [ivnIN]

[IntEnSHnHl|] [}dvHkeI\Ht]* [kIst]

[pR\ËSHs] [pRHsESHn] [mF\IR\r}kjUlHs]**

[p}dZHnt] [kwaIF\Hr] [Igz}kt]

*Both pronunciations are used in AS and RP.

**Both pronunciations are used in AS; in RP only [I] used.


#3 p. 118

AS

[lUk dAUn fEF mun }nd beID DIs sin]

[pCF sCftl| dAUn naIts nImbHs flVdz]

[In feIsHz g}stl| swoUlHn pGpHl]

[An DH dEd An DEF b}ks]

[wID AFmz tCst waId]

[pCF dAUn jCF VnstIntHd nImbHs seIkRId mun]

[lUk dAUn, fEF mun] [wClt WItmHn] [tSAFlz nHgInsk|]

#4 p. 118

AS/Modern RP

[kVm tu\U mi In DH saIlHns H\0v DH naIt]

[kVm In DH spikIN saIlHns H\0v H dRim]

[kVm wIT sC\C7ft RAUndHd tSiks }nd aIz]

[}z bRaIt }z sVnlaIt A\0n H stRim]

[kVm b}k In tIF\Hrz oU mEmF\HrR|]

[hoUp lVv Hv fInISt jIF\Hrz]

[oU dRim hAU swit tu swit tu bItF\Hr swit]

[huz weIkHnIN SUd bi In p}RHdaIs]

[WEF\Hr soUlz bRImfUl H\0v lVv HbaId }nd mit]

[WEF\Hr TGstIN lC\0NIN aIz wA\0tS DH sloU dCF\C7Hr]

[D}t oUpHnIN lEtIN In lEts AUt noU mCF\C7Hr]

[jEt kVm tU mi In dRimz D}t aI meI lIv]

[maI vER| laIf HgEn DoU koUld In dET]

[kVm b}k tu\U mi In dRimz D}t aI meI gIv]

[pVls fCF\C7Hr pVls bRET fCF\C7Hr bRET]

[}z lC\0N HgoU maI lVv hAU lC\0N HgoU]

[EkoU] [kRI!stinH Ro\A!s\zEt|] [li g}nHn]

Chapter 10


AS

[}nd maI l}mp ¥ Iz lCst]

Exercise Guide

#1 p. 126

Try these exercises alternating wet “t’s”/”d’s” and dry “t’s”/“d’s.”

Feel the air release over the teeth on the wet “d”/”t’s.”

Wet “t’s” are released with an [i] sounded after them, wet “d’s” are released with an [I]

sounded after them.

AS/RP

[tÒiÔVtS] [tVtS] [lEtÒiÔF\Hr] [lEtF\Hr] [naItÒiÔ] [naIt]

[tÒiÔRi] [tRi] [bItÒiÔF\Hr] [bItF\Hr] [switÒiÔ] [swit]

[tÒiÔwEnt|] [twEnt|] [wIntÒiÔF\Hr] [wIntF\Hr] [blEstÒiÔ] [blEst]

[dÒIÔIvaIn] [dIvaIn] [VndÒIÔF\Hr] [VndF\Hr] [faIndÒ|Ô] [faInd]

[dÒIÔ}gF\Hr] [d}gF\Hr] [sVdÒIÔHn] [sVdHn] [bIsaIdÒiÔ] [bIsaId]

[dÒIÔC\C7tÒiÔF\Hr] [dC\C7tF\Hr] [RIdÒIÔHl] [RIdHl] [kÒIÔH\AnfaIdÒrÔ] [kH\AnfaId]

#2 p. 126

Separate the first “s” in the cluster and sound the final “ts” together.

AS/RP

[bis—ts] [mIs—ts] [gEs—ts]

[goU\HUs—ts] [l}\As—ts] [teIs—ts]

[hoU\HUs—ts] [k}\As—ts] [tEks—ts]

#2 p. 126

Try imploding or glottalizing the final “t” before a word beginning with a consonant. Then

try a wet final “t” before the next consonant. If the accompaniment is heavy, the later treat-

ment is probably needed for text clarity. See discussions of implosions throughout chap-

ter 10.

[du nA\0/ goU] [du nA\0tÒiÔ goU] [gR\ëI/ dZCI] [gR\ëItÒiÔ dZCI]

[sE/ fCF\C7HrT] [sEtÒiÔ fCF\C7HrT] [swit\ ¥dRim] [switÒiÔ dRim]

[sEn/ mi] [sEntÒiÔ mi] [lE/ nVn] [lEtÒiÔ nVn]

[naI/ pR\ËF\Hr] [naItÒiÔ pR\ËF\Hr] [DAU AF\Hr/ gUd] [AF\HrtÒiÔ gUd]

[bR\äI/ vIZHn] [bR\äItÒiÔ vIZHn] [sikRI/ sA\0RoU] [sikRItÒiÔsA\0RoU]

[lC\0s/ soUlz] [lC\0stÒiÔ soUlz] [fG\1rs/ sC\0N] [fG\1rstÒiÔsC\0N]


#1 p. 130

Try alternating wet and dry stressed and final “g’s” and “k’s.”

Wet “k’s” are sounded with an [i] following them; wet “g’s” are sounded with an [I] fol-

lowing them.

AS/RP

[kÒiÔEF\Hr] [kEF\EHr] [bIkÒiÔVm] [bIkVm] [dÒIÔRINkÒiÔ] [dRINk]

[kÒiÔAUntÒiÔ] [kAUnt] [mG\1rkÒiÔ|] [mG\1rk|] [mjuzIkÒiÔ] [mjuzIk]

[kÒiÔ!N] [kIN] [weIkÒiÔHn] [weIkHn] [InvoU\HUkÒiÔ] [InvoU\HUk]

[gÒIÔIftÒiÔ] [gIft] [bIgÒIÔIn] [bIgIn] [bEgÒIÔ] [bEg]

[gÒIÔEs] [gEs] [fC7F\HrgÒIÔEtÒiÔ] [fF\HrgEt] [veIgÒIÔ] [veIg]

[gÒIÔAF\HrdÒIÔ] [gAF\Hrd] [tÒiÔaIgÒIÔF\Hr]* [taIgF\Hr] [!IntÒiÔRigÒIÔ] [IntRig]

Note: For the purpose of this drill, the “g” in “tiger” is wet in the first version. However, it would not be wet inspeech and song because it begins an unstressed sylable.

#2 p. 130

AS/RP

[kÒFÔR\öU] [gÒFÔr\öU] [kÒuÔwIk] [kÒHÔlIF\Hr] [gÒHÔl}d]*

[kÒFÔR\üHl] [gÒFÔR\ü] [kÒuÔweInt] [kÒHÔl}\Asp] [gÒHÔlaId]*

[kÒFÔR\äIst] [gÒFÔR\¨}b] [kÒuÔwaIHt] [kÒHÔl}sHfaI] [gÒHÔlVtHn]*

[kÒFÔR\¨}S] [gÒFÔR\ïn] [kÒuÔwEstSHn] [kÒHÔlaIm] [gÒHÔlImps]*

*Though not considered one of the glide consonants, consonants cluster with “l” can be opened with aschwa [H].


AS

[tIz DH gIft\ ¥ tu be sImpHl tIz DH gIft\ ¥ tu bi fRi]

Historic RP\MA

[0n maI bl}k\ ¥ k0fIn lEt DEHr bi stR\(¨)oUn]

[}nd mIlk\ ¥ kVmz fR\öUzIn hoUm In peIl]

Exercise Guide

#1 p. 134

AS/RP

[tSAF\Hrm] [neItSF\Hr]* [wItS]

[tSER\rIS] [bUtSF\Hr] [m}tS]

[tS}mpjHn] [fG\1rnItSF\Hr] [bitS]

[tSaIldlaIk] [titSF\Hr] [s}ndwItS]**

[dZCI] [meIdZF\Hr] [mG\1rdZ]

[dZEl|] [RIdZCIs] [bIsidZ]

[dZCF\HrdZ] [!idZIpt] [m}R\rIdZ]

[dZudH] [I`m}dZH!neISHn] [kG\VR\rIdZ]

*In historic RP [neItjHr].

**No “d” sounded in RP [s}nwItS].

#2 p. 135

[sVtS \\ `dZEnF\Hr !RA\0sIt|] [pG\1rdZ \\ dZElHs|] [seIdZ \\ dZVdZmHnt]

[dZCF\C7HrdZ \\ dZEsts] [m}RIdZ \\ tSCIs] [dZVdZ \\ dZu!dISHsl|]

Text example, p. 136

Historic RP

[DaI h}ndÒIÔ bElIndH dAHrknHs SeIdz mi]

[mC7Hr (r) ¥ aI ÒuÔwUdÒIÔ bVt dET ¥ InveIdz mi]

[daIdoU }nd i\I!niHs] [hEnR| p1rsHl] or [pHrsEl]

Musical examples, pp. 137–38

AS

[SUF(R) ¥ An DIs SaInIN naIt ¥ Hv stAF meId S}doUz ÒFÔRAund(I)]

[sVmtaImz ¥ aI hIF(R) ¥ H stEF keIs kÒFÔRikIN(I˜)]

[sVmtaImz ¥ H dIstHnt\ ¥ tElHfoUn(I˜)]


#1 p. 138

AS

[’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu bi WEF DH mÒiÔjuzIk\ ¥ kVmz fRVmÒIÔ]*[WEF DH kÒHÔlAk stAps ÒuÔWEF (R) ¥ Its nAU][’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu bi wID DH fÒFÔREndz ¥ HÒFÔRAUnd mi][hu h}v fAUnd mi hu SoU mi hAU][aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu sIN tu Di ’Gl| mCFnINÒIÔ][si DH sVnlaIt mElt DH snoU][’}ndÒIÔ ’oU ’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu gÒFÔRoU]

[’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu ÒuÔweIk tu DH lIvIN spIRIt][hIF (R) ¥ InsaId mi WEF (R) ¥ It laIzÒIÔ][’aI ÒuÔwA\Vnt\ ¥ tu lIsHn tIl ¥ aI k}n hIF (R) ¥ It][lEt ¥ It gaId mi }nd ÒFÔRiHlaIzÒIÔ][D}t ¥ aI k}n goU wID DH floU ’Vn’EndINÒIÔ][D}t ¥ Iz bEndINÒIÔ D}t ¥ Iz ÒFÔRiÒUÔlÒIÔ][’}ndÒIÔ ’oU ’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥tu fiÒUÔlÒIÔ]

[’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu .ÒuÔwCk ¥ In Di ’GTl| gAFdHnÒIÔ][fAF fRVm sIt|zÒIÔ fAF fRVm fIF][’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu tCk tu DH gÒFÔRoUIN gAFdHnÒIÔ][tu DH deIvHs tu DH dIF][’}nd\ ¥ tu bi ÒuÔwVn wID DH ÒFÔRIvF floUINÒIÔ][bÒFRizIz bÒHÔloUINÒIÔ skaI HbVvÒIÔ][’}ndÒIÔ ’oU ’aI ÒuÔwV\Ant\ ¥ tu lVvÒIÔ]

*“Comes from” is a verb phrase.

[WEF DH mjuzIk kVmz fRVm] [li hCIb|]

#2 p. 139

AS

[du nAt\ ¥ dIspaIz DH ÒFÔRoUzÒIÔ]

[bIkCz ¥ Its bÒiÔjut| Iz m}nIfEst]

[du nAt\ ¥ dIkÒFÔRaI DH TIsHlÒIÔ]

[fCF (R) ¥ Its ¥ IlusIv gÒFÔReIs]

[’aI lVv WV\At mVst ¥ bi sGtSt]

Exercise Guide

[}z ¥ ÒuÔwEl ¥ }z ¥ ÒFÔREdIl| ’CfFdÒIÔ]

[’If dZCI ¥ CF peIn HkVmpHn| DH gIft]

[jCF ’iz| ÒuÔwGdz ¥ }nd kIsIzÒIÔ]

[naIDF bGnd nCF stVNÒIÔ]

[ju lEft mi }t\¥ dCnÒIÔ]

[’An ¥ H dÒFÔRImlIs bEdÒIÔ]

[Di aIdHl gIft] [dZAn kAFloU mInAt|]

Chapter 11

#1 p. 145

AS/RP/MA

[feIm] [InfHmHs] [gR\ïf]

[foUtoU] [kC\0f|] [l}\A\af]*

[fR\Ënd] [sVfF\Hr] [lif]

[fCF\C7HtSHn]** [kC\0fHn] [stRaIf]

[fjUR\r|] [C\0fF\Hr] [nImf]

[vCIs] [ivHl]** [lVv]

[vinH\Us] [HvCId] [iv]

[vG\1rtSu]** [dIvaIn] [SElv]

[v}l|] [seIvjF\Hr] [gR\üv]

[vIlHn] [InveId] [muv]

*AS/RP/MA.

**In historic archaic RP [fC7Hrtjun] [vG\1rtju] [ivIl].

A Discussion about Merges

In this chapter, although the merging of back to back fricative cognate pairs [v]\[f], [z]\[s],

[Z]\[S], [D]\[T], and [W]\[h] is treated separately, any combination of fricative consonants

can merge. In actuality, any combination of sustaining consonants back to back should

merge in order to sustain and aid the legato line. In other words, the fricative consonants

can also merge with the nasals and lateral [l]. An in-depth discussion of this is found in

chapter 13. For the first few exercises, only the fricative consonants will be merged.


#2 p. 145

AS/RP

[mÒiÔjuzIk WEn sC\0ft vCIsIz daI]

[vaIbReIts ¥ In DH mEmF\HrR\r|]

[!oUdF\Hrz ¥¡ WEn sÒuÔwit vaIHlHts ¥¡ sIkHn ÒIÔ]

[lIv wIDIn DH sEns ¥¡ DeI k(u)wIkHn ÒIÔ]

[ÒFÔR\öUz livz ¥¡ WEn DH ÒFÔR\öUz ¥ Iz dEd ÒIÔ]

[!AF\Hr hÒ0Ôipt fCF\C7Hr DH bIlVvEdz bEd ÒIÔ]

[!}nd soU DaI TC\C7ts ¥¡ WEn DAU AF\Hr t gC\0n ÒIÔ]

[lVv ¥ ItsElf S}l ¥¡ slVmbHr\Hr !A\0n ÒIÔ]*

[mjuzIk WEn sC\0ft vCIsIz daI] [SEl|] [GnIst goUld]

*”Slumber on” is a phrasal verb. See chapter 2.

#3 p. 145

Modern RP

[gÒFÔRin fIntS ¥ }nd lInIt b1rdÔ ÒIÔ naItINgeIlÒ!Ô bl}kb1rdÔ ÒIÔ]

[hAU (w) ¥ Iz ¥ It ju sINÔ ÒIÔ]

[hAU k}n ju dZubIleIt sItIN ¥ In keIdZIzÔ ÒIÔ]

[nEvHr teIkIN ÒuÔwIN ÒIÔ]

[!AUtsaId DH skaI ÒuÔweIts bEkHnINÔ ÒIÔ]

[dZVst bIj0nd DH bAHrz ÒIÔ]

[hAU k}n ju RImeIn ÒIÔ stERIN ¥ }t DH ÒFÔReIn ÒIÔ]

[m}dInd baI DH stAHrz ÒIÔ]

[hAU Iz ¥ It ju sINÔ ÒIÔ !EnITIN ÒIÔ]

[hAU Iz ¥ It ju sIN ÒIÔ]

[ÒuÔWEns kVmz ¥¡ DIs mEl0d| k0nstHntl| floUIN ÒIÔ]

[!Iz ¥ It RIdZCIsIN ¥ C7Hr mIHrl| h}loUINÒ!Ô]

[!AHr ju dIskVsIN ¥ C7Hr fVsIN ¥ C7Hr sImpl| dÒFÔRimIN ÒIÔ]

[!AHr ju kÒFÔRoUIN ÒIÔ !AHr ju skÒFÔRimIN ÒIÔ]

[ÒFÔRINdVv ¥ }nd ÒFÔR0bInEt !Iz ¥ It fC7Hr ÒuÔweIdZIz ÒIÔ]

[sININ tu bi soUldÔ ÒIÔ]

[h}v ju dIsaIdId ¥ Its seIfF (R) ¥ In keIdZIz ÒIÔ]

Exercise Guide

[sININ WEn jC7Hr toUld ÒIÔ]

[maI keIdZ h}z mEn| ÒFÔRumz ÒIÔ d}mHsk ¥ }nd\ ¥ dAHrk]

[nVTIN DEHr sINz ÒIÔ n0t !ivHn maI lAHrk]

[lAHrks nEvHr ÒuÔwIl ju noU WEn DEHr k}ptIv ÒIÔ]

[titS mi tu bi mC7Hr (R) ¥ Hd}ptIv ÒIÔ] [A]

[gÒFÔRin fIntS ¥ }nd lInIt b1rd ÒIÔ naItINgeIl ÒIÔ bl}kb1rd ÒIÔ]

[titS mi hAU tu sIN ÒIÔ]

[!If ¥ aI k}n0t flaI lEt mi sIN ÒIÔ]

[gRin fIntS }nd lInIt b1rd] [swin| t0d] [stivHn sAndhaIm]

Expressive Doublings of Fricatives, p. 149

Historic RP

[fÉfIHr noU mC7Hr DH hÉhit 0 DH sÉsVn]

[nC7Hr DH fÉfjUrIHs wIntHrz R\ëIdZEz]

[DÉDoU DAI w1rldl| tAsk Iz dVn]

[hÉhoUm AHrt g0n }nd teIHn DaI weIdZEz]

Expressive Doublings:

From now on, all the stressed consonants of grammatically stressed words are doubled.

Note that only the initial consonants or consonants that begin the stressed syllable of the

stressed words are doubled. See chapter 13.

Also, merges [ ¥¡ ] of the fricative consonants are notated.

Spoken text, p. 150

Historic RP

[DH ÒuÔw1rld ¥ Iz tÉtu mÉmVtS ÒuÔwID ¥ Vs lÉleIt ¥ }nd sÉsunÒIÔ]

[gÉgEtIN ¥ }nd sÉspEndINÒIÔ wi lÉleI ÒuÔweIst ¥ AUHr pÉpAUHrzÒIÔ]

[lÉlItHl wi sÉsi In nÉneItjHr D}t ¥ Iz !AUHrzÒIÔ]

[wi h}v gÉgIvIn ¥ AUHr hÉhAHrts ¥ HÒuÔweI !H sÉsC7HrdId bÉbunÒIÔ]

[DH sÉsi D}t bÉbEHrz ¥¡ h1r bÉbUzHm tU DH mÉmunÒIÔ]

[DH ÒuÔwIndz ¥¡ D}t wIl bi hÉhAUlIN ¥ }t !C7l !AUHrzÒIÔ]

[}nd ¥ AHr !VpgÉg}DHrd nÉnAU laIk sÉslipIN fÉflAUHrzÒIÔ]

[fC7Hr DÉDIs fC7Hr !EvRITINÒIÔ wi AHr !AUt ¥ 0v tÒiÔjunÒIÔ]

[It mÉmuvz ¥ Vs nÉn0t]

[DH w1rld Iz tu mVtS wID Vs] [wIljHm w1rdsw1rT]


#1 p. 151

AS/RP

[sAUnd] [}\A\ansF\Hr]* [naIs]

[swit] [jusfUl] [vCIs]

[sG\1rkUl] [mIstF\HrR\r|] [RIdZCIs]

[sVdHnl|] [EksHlHnt] [mC\0!RoUs]

[sVndeI\d|] [hA\0spItHl] [RIlis]

[zu] [leIz|] [tRiz]

[ziÒUÔl] [R\ëIzF\Hr] [stAF\Hrz]

[zID\TF\Hr]** [bVzIN] [pR\äIz]

[zEfF\Hr] [TG\1rzdeI\d|] [sF\Hr!pRaIz]

[zaIH\0n] [dIzaIF\Hr] [bR\ïDz]

*AS/RP/MA pronunciations

Exercise Guide

Important Note

Since this book serves a dual purpose both as a textbook and a resource book for

working artists, the full treatment of texts will now be shown. In order to show a

complete treatment of the following texts, merges for all sustaining consonants are

now being notated. An overview of all merging consonant combinations is found on

page 189.

If this causes confusion pedagogically, please focus only on the fricative merges

found in this chapter and eliminate all the merges that involve the nasal consonants

and the lateral [l]. The merges with the nasals [m], [n], [N], and lateral [l] are shaded.

#2 p. 151

AS

[sÒHÔlip tÉtSaIldÒIÔ lÉlaI kÒuÔwaIHt lEt bÉbi]

[nÉnAU laIk ¥ H sÉstIl ÒuÔwIndÒIÔ H gÒFÔReIt\ ¥ tÒFÔRi]

[nÉnaIt ¥ HpAn ¥¡ DIs ¥¡ sÉsIt| mÉmuvzÒIÔ]

[laIk lÉlivzÒIÔ AUF hÉhVNgFz ¥ }nd ¥ AUF lÉlVvzÒIÔ]

[sÒHÔlip ÒFÔREst !iz| WaIl ju mÉmeI]

[sÉsun ¥ It ¥ Iz dÉdeI]

[!}ndÒIÔ !ElsWEF laIkwaIzÒIÔ lÉlVv ¥ Iz ¥¡ sÉstGdÒIÔ]

[!ElsWEF DH sÉspitSlIs ¥¡ sÉsCN ¥ Iz ¥¡ hÉhGdÒIÔ]

[WEÒFÔREvF tÉtSIldRIn ¥¡ sÉslip ¥ CF ÒuÔweIk]

[sÉsoUlz ¥ AF lÉlIftHdÒIÔ hÉhAFts bÒFÔReIk]

[sÒHÔlip bi kÉkEFlHs ¥¡ WaIl ju kÉk}nÒIÔ]

[sÉsun ju AF mÉm}nÒIÔ]

[!}ndÒIÔ !EvR|WEF gUd mÉEn kHntÒFÔRaIvÒIÔ]

[gUd ÒFÔRizHnz ¥¡ nAt\ ¥ tu bÉbi HlÉlaIvÒIÔ]

[!}ndÒIÔ !ivHn ¥¡¥¡ SUd DeI bÉbIld DEF bÉbEst]

[noU mÉm}n kUd bÉbEF tÉtEl ju DH ÒFÔREst]

[sÉslip tSaIldÒIÔ fCF jCF pÉp}RHnts ¥¡ sÉseIk]

[sÉsun ju mVst ÒuÔweIk]

[H !lVlH`baI] [dZeImz eIdZ|] [tAmHs `pAsH!tIR|]

#3 p. 152

Historic RP/MA

[!oU sÒHÔlip !oU sÒHÔlip ÒuÔWaI dVst DAU lÉliv ¥¡¥¡ mi]

[ÒuÔWaI DaI vÉvIZHnHrr| dÉdZCIz RImÉmuvÒIÔ]

[!oU sÉslip ¥ HgÉgeIn dIsÉsiv ¥¡¥¡ mi]

[tu maI !AHr mz(I) R\rIsÉstC7\CHr maI ÒuÔw0ndRIN ¥¡¥¡ lÉlVvÒIÔ]

[SEmHl|] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

#4 p. 152

AS

[sÉsinz ¥¡ fRVm ¥¡ maI tÉtSaIlhUd ¥ AF ÒuÔwID ¥¡ mi]

[!aIm ¥ In ¥¡ DH lÉlAt bIhaInd ¥ AUF hÉhAUs ¥ HpAn ¥¡ DH hÉhIlÒIÔ]

[H spÒFÔRIN dÉdeIz ¥¡ sÉsVn ¥ Iz ¥¡ sÉsEtINÒIÔ]

[mÉmVDF wIT tÉtAm ¥ In ¥¡ hG !AFmzÒIÔ]

[Iz kÉkVmIN tCFd DH gÉgAFdHnÒIÔ]

[DH lÉlEtHs ÒFÔRoUz ¥ AF SÉSoUIN gÒFÔRinÒIÔ]

[TÉTInF gÒFÔRoUz ¥¡ DH sÉsmoUk ¥ CF DH tÉtAUnÒIÔ]

[stÒFÔRCNgF kÉkVmz ¥¡ DH bÒFÔRiz ¥¡ fRVm ¥¡ DH ÒFÔRIdZÒIÔ]

[tIz !}ftF sÉsIks DH ÒuÔWIsHlz ¥¡ h}v bÒHÔloUnÒIÔ]

[DH mÉmIlk tÒFÔReInz gÉgCn dÉdAUn ¥¡ DH vÉv}l|]

[dÉd}d| Iz kÉkVmIN ¥ Vp DH hÉhIl fRVm DH mÉmIlÒIÔ]

[wi ÒFÔRVn dÉdAUn ¥¡ DH leIn tu mÉmit hImÒIÔ]


Exercise Guide

[bVt\¥ tUdÉdeI In ¥¡ fÒFÔRidHmz kÉkCzÒIÔ]

[tÉtAm ¥¡ sÉseIld ¥ HÒuÔweI fCF !oUvF DÉDEF]

[sÉsinz ¥¡ fRVm ¥¡ maI tÉtSaIldhUd ¥ AF fÒHÔloUtINÒIÔ]

[bIfÉfCF maI !aIzÒIÔ]

[tAm seIlz HweI] [tSAFlz aIvz

#1 p. 155

AS/RP

[SUF\Hr]* [fISIN] [flVS]

[SIp] [pRESHs] [dIS]

[SeIm] [oU\HUSHn] [m}S]

[SI!kAgoU] [peISHnt] [liS]

[S}kHlz] [moU\HUSHn] [kR}S]

[tREZF\H r] [beIZ]

[vIZHn] [kCF\C7Hr !sAZ]\ [!kC7HrsAZ]**

[k}ZUHl] [mI!RAZ]\[!mIR\rAZ]

[kHnfjuZHn] [!k}mH`flAZ]

[}ZF\Hr] [eIZF\Hr] [gH!RAZ\dZ] [!g}R\rAZ\dZ]

[}zjUH r]***

*Modern RP [SCH r].**In RP the word “corsage” can have primary stress on the first or second syllable.

***Historic RP.

#2 p. 156

Historic RP/MA

[DH pÉpipHl ¥¡ D}t ÒuÔwC7\CkEd ¥ In dÉdAHrknIs ¥¡ h}v ¥¡ sÉsin ¥ H gR\ëIt lÉlaIt]

[DÉDeI D}t dÒuÔwEl ¥ In ¥¡ DH lÉl}nd ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH SÉS}doU 0v dÉdET]

[Hp0n ¥¡ DÉDEm ¥¡ h}T ¥¡ DH lÉlaIt SÉSaInEdÒIÔ]

[hÒçÔi S}l ¥¡ fÉfid hIz ¥¡ fÉfl0k laIk ¥ H SÉSEpHrdÒIÔ]

[hÒçÔi S}l gÉg}DHr DH lÉl}mz wIT ¥¡ hIz !AHrmÒIÔ]

[}nd\ ¥ dÉdZEntl| lÉlid DoUz ¥¡ D}t !AHr wID ÒiÔjVNÒIÔ]

[mIsaIH] [DZi Ef h}ndHl]

#3 p. 156

Colloquial American*

[!EvR| ÒFÔR}ntS hÉh}nd ¥ aI !EvF nÉnu]

[h}z ¥¡ hÉh}d ¥ H dÒFÔRim ¥ Hv ¥¡ sÉsEV/Hn dÉdAUnÒIÔ]

[wiv !Cl ¥¡ h}d\ ¥ dÒFÔRimz ¥ Hv bÉbaIHn ¥ H hÉhAUs]

[bV/ nÉnVn ¥ Hv ¥ Vs ¥¡ h}/ !EvF mÉmeId ¥ It\ ¥ kVm tÒFÔRu]

[aI dÉdoUn/ nÉnoU ÒuÔwaI It\ ¥ dÉdVzHn/ kÉkVm tÒFÔRu]

[aI dZVs/ nÉnoU I/ nÉnEvF dÉdVzÒIÔ]

[mÉmeIbi wiF dZVs/ bÉbCFn tU ÒuÔwAndF]

[mÉmeIbi wiF dZVs/ bÉbCFn tU lÉlIv ¥ HlÉloUnÒIÔ]

[mÉmeIbi wi/ bi !VnhÉh}p| !En| VDF ÒuÔweI]

[hÉhu nÉnoUzÒIÔ hÉhu k}n ¥¡ sÉseI]

[aI doUn/ noU ÒuÔwaI wiF DH ÒuÔweI wi ÒjÔ ¥ AF]

[bV/ DÉDIs ¥¡ mÉmVtS ¥ aI nÉnoU]

[ÒFÔR}ntS hÉh}ndz dÉdaI In ¥ H bÉbEF kÉkoUl/ bÉbVNkhAUs]

[ÒFÔR}ntS hÉh}ndz dÉdaI wID !Emt| hÉh}ndzÒIÔ]

[ÒFÔR}ntS hÉh}ndz dÉdaI ¥ HlÉloUnÒIÔ]

[stÒFÔReIndZFz tu DH ÒuÔwGldÒIÔ]

[slImz ARiH] [Hv maIs }n mEn] [kAFlaIl flCId]

*Colloquial American pronunciation is very relaxed. Note that in Colloquial American pronunciation, many ofthe final consonants are glottalized or dropped.

#2 p. 159

AS/RP/MA

[Tim] [juTfUl] [R\¨}\A\aT]*

[TINk] [nVTIN] [mAUT]

[TC\C7t] [mITIkHl] [oU\HUT]

[T}Nks] [lENTHn] [hAF\AHrT]

[TIsHl] [p}\A\aDz\Ts] [bR\ËT]

[DEm] [fADF\Hr] [wID\T]**

[DoU\HUz] [aI\iDF\Hr] [laID]

[D}t] [lEDF\Hr] [bR\ïD]

[DoU\HU] [g}DF\Hr] [suD]

[DEF\Hr] [bR\¨VDF\Hr] [taID]

*Vowels for AS/RP/MA.

**The “th” is voiced when followed by a voice consonant or vowel,and unvoiced when followed by an un-voiced consonant, i.e.: with them with him.

[wID ¥¡ DEm] [wIT ¥¡ hIm], p. 158


#3 p. 159

AS/RP/MA

[b}\A\aT] [b}\A\aDz]*

[klC\0T] [klC\0Dz]

[mAUT] [mAUDz]

[p}\A\aT] [p}\A\aDz]*

[oU\HUT] [oU\HUDz]**

*Vowels for AS/RP/MA.

**See p. 219 for spoken versus sung [oU] diphthong.

#4 p. 160

AS/RP/MA

[mIT] [mITs] [bR\ïD] [bR\ïDz]

[G\1rT] [G\1rTs] [R\®äID] [R\äIDz]

[dEpT] [dEpTs] [leID] [leIDz]

[wIdT] [wIdTs] [kloU\HUD]* [kloU\HUDz]*

[lENT] [lENTs] [tiD] [tiDz]

*[HU] for spoken RP. See p. 219.

#5 p. 160

Modern AS/MA

[dÉdu ju nÉnoU DH lÉl}nd WEF\Hr DH lÉlEmHn tÒFÔRiz bÒHÔlumÒIÔ]

[!}nd !CRHndZHz ¥¡ laIk\ ¥ gÉgoUld ¥ HmId DH lÉlif| gÒHÔlumÒIÔ]

[!H dÉdZEntHl ÒuÔwInd fRVm bluIst hÉhEvIn bÒHÔloUzÒIÔ]

[DH mÉmG\1rtHl gÒFÔRinÒIÔ !}nd hÉhaI DH lÉlCRHl gÒFÔRoUzÒIÔ]

[dÉdu ju nÉnoU D}t lÉl}ndÒIÔ]

[tIz ¥¡ DÉDEF\Hr !A tIz ¥¡ DÉDEF\Hr]

[!oU maI bIlÉlVvEdÒIÔ]

[!A tIz ¥¡ DÉDEF\Hr aI dÒFÔRim wi wUd gÉgoU]

[du ju noU DH l}nd] [lItHl wImIn] [mAFk H!dAmoU]

Note: This is sung by a German character so it would work well in Mid-Atlantic pronunciation.

Exercise Guide

#1 p. 164

Historic RP/MA

[kÒHÔloUsl| lÉlEt mi hÉhoUld DaI hÉh}ndÒIÔ]

[sÉstC7\CHrmz ¥ AHr sÒuÔwIpIN ¥¡ sÉsi }nd lÉl}ndÒIÔ]

[lÉlVv ¥ HlÉloUn wIl ¥¡ sÉst}ndÒIÔ]

[kloUsl| kÒHÔlINÒIÔ fC7\CHr ÒuÔweIvz bit fÉfA\ast]

[foUm fleIks kÒHÔlAUd DH hÉhVr|IN bÒHÔlA\ast]

[lÉlVv ¥ HlÉloUn wIl ¥¡ lÉlA\ast]

[kÉkIs ¥¡ maI lÉlIps ¥ }nd sÉsC7\Cftl| sÉseI]

[dÉdZCI sÉsi sÒuÔwEpt meI fÉfeId ¥ HÒuÔweI]

[lÉlVv ¥ HlÉloUn wIl ¥¡ sÉsteI]

[In ÒçÔheIvHn] [si pIktSHrz] [EdwHrd !ElgAHr]

#2 p. 164

RP/MA

[kÒuÔwin ¥ }nd hÉhVntREs]

[tÉtSeIst ¥ }nd fÉfEHr]

[nÉnAU DH sÉsVn ¥ Iz ¥¡ lÉleId tu sÒHÔlip]

[sÉsitId ¥ In DEHr sÉsIlvHr tÉtSEHr]

[sÉsteIt ¥ In ÒuÔw0ntId mÉm}nHr kÉkip]

[hÒçÔEspHrrHs !IntÒFÔRits ¥¡ DaI lÉlaIt]

[gÉg0dEs !EksHlH\Entl| bÒFÔR\äIt]

[!1rT lÉlEt n0t DaI !EnvjHs ¥¡ SÉSeIdÒIÔ]

[dÉdEHr (r) ¥ ItsÉsElf tu (w) ¥ IntHrpÉpoUzÒIÔ]

[sÉsInTjHz ¥¡ SÉSaInIN !CHrb w0z ¥¡ mÉmeIdÒIÔ]

[hÒçÔEvn tu kÒHÔlIH r WEn dÉdeI dId kÒHÔloUzÒIÔ]

[bÒHÔlEs ¥ Vs ¥¡ DEnÒIÔ wID ÒuÔwISEd sÉsaIt]

[gÉg0dEs !EkslHlEntl| bÒFÔR\äIt]

[lÉleI DaI bÉboU 0v pÉp1rl ¥ HpÉpAHrt]

[!}nd DaI kÒFÔR\ÏstHl ¥¡ SÉSaInIN kÒuÔwIvHr]

[gÉgIv ¥ Vntu DH fÉflaIIN ¥¡ hÉhAHrt]

[sÉspeIs tu bÒFÔR\ïDÒIÔ hAU SÉSC7Hr\CHrt soU !EvHr]

[DÉDAU D}t mÉmeIkst ¥ H dÉdeI ¥ 0v ¥¡ nÉnaIt]

[gÉg0dEs !EkslHlEntl| bÒFÔR\äIt]

[hÒçÔIm] [sIks I`lIzH!biTHn sC\0Nz] [!dAmInIk AF!dZEntoU]


#3 p. 165

AS/RP/MA

[wItS] [WItS] [waIl] [WaIl] [wEt] [WEt]

[woU\HU] [WoU\HU] [wG\1r] [WG\1r] [weIl] [WeIl]

[waIn] [WaIn] [weI] [WeI] [wIt] [WIt]

[wil] [Wil] [wEF\Hr] [WEF\Hr] [wEDF\Hr] [WEDF\Hr]

[wG\1rld] [WG\1rld] [wG\1rd] [WG\1rd] [wIDF\Hr] [WIDF\Hr]

#4 p. 165

RP/MA

[hÒçÔIHr ji !IzReÈlÒIÔ hÒçÔIHr W0t DH lÉlC7\CHrd sÉspikET]*

[!oU h}dst DAU hÒçÔidId maI k0\HmÉmA\andmHnts]

[hÉhu h}T bIlÉlivEd ¥ AUHr RIpÉpC7\CHrt]

[tu hÉhum ¥ Iz ¥¡ Di ’AHrmÒIÔ Di ’AHrm ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH lÉlC7\CHrd RIvÉvilEdÒIÔ]

[DÉDVs ¥¡ sÉsET ¥¡ DH lÉlC7\CHrdÒIÔ DH RIdÉdimHr (r) ¥ 0v !IzR\ëÈlÒIÔ]

[!}nd hIz ¥¡ hÉhoUl| wVnÒIÔ tu hÒçÔIm ¥ 0pÒFÔR\ËsEd baI tÉtaIrHnts]

[DÉDVs ¥¡ sÉsET ¥¡ DH lÉlC7\CHrdÒIÔ]

[!aI }m hÒçÔi D}t kÉkVmfHrtET]*

[bÉbi nÉn0t ¥ HfR\ëIdÒIÔ fC7\CHr !aI ¥ }m ¥¡ DaI gÉg0dÒIÔ]

[!aI wIl ¥¡ stÒFÔR\(¨)ENTHn ¥¡ DÉDi]

[sÉseI hÉhu (w) ¥ AHr t DÉDAU]

[D}t DÉDAU (w) ¥ AHrt ¥ HfÒFÔR\ëId ¥ 0v ¥ H mÉm}n ¥¡ D}t S}l dÉdaI]

[!}nd fC7\CHrgÉgEtHst DH lÉlC7\CHrd DaI mÉmeIkHr]

[hu h}T ¥¡ sÉstÒFÔR\(¨)EtSEd fÉfC7\CHrT ¥¡ DH hÉhEvEnzÒIÔ]

[!}nd lÉleId Di !1rTs ¥¡ fAUndÉdeISHnzÒIÔ]

[ElaIdZH] [!filIks !mEndHlsHn]

*[IzReIEl] and [IzRiEl] are spoken pronunciations for “Israel.” Traditionally in oratorio, “Israel” is sung withthe first pronunciation, which is more similar to the Hebrew pronunciation.

#5 p. 166

AS

[mÉmVst DH ÒuÔwIntF kÉkVm ¥¡ soU sÉsunÒIÔ]

[nÉnaIt ¥ }ftF nÉnaIt ¥ aI hÒçÔIF DH hÉhVNgR| dÉdIF]

[ÒuÔwAndF ÒuÔwipIN ¥ In ¥¡ DH ÒuÔwUdÒIÔ]

[’}nd fRVm ¥¡ hIz ¥¡ hÉhAUs ¥ Hv bÒFÔItHl bÉbAFk]

[hÉhuts ¥¡ DH fÒFÔRoUzHn ’AUlÒIÔ]

Exercise Guide

[mÉmVst DH ÒuÔwIntF kÉkVm ¥¡ soU sÉsunÒIÔ]

[hÒçÔIF (R) ¥ In ¥¡ DIs ¥¡ fÉfCRIst nÉnaIDF dÉdCn ¥¡ nCF sÉsVnsEt]

[mÉmAFks ¥¡ DH pÉp}sIN ¥ Hv ¥¡ DH dÉÙdeIzÒIÔ]

[It ¥ Iz ¥ H lÉlCN ÒuÔwIntF hÒçÔIF]

[mÉmVst DH ÒuÔwIntF kÉkVmÒIÔ soU sÉsunÒIÔ]

[vHnEsH] [dZAn kAFloU mHnAt|] [s}mjUHl bAFbF]

Though set in “a northern European country,” this is traditionally performed in AS because the composer isAmerican. Dame Kiri Te Kanawa insisted on singing it in AS when she performed it at the WashingtonNational Opera at the Kennedy Center.

Chapter 12

Drill #3 p. 169

AS

[It wA\Vz mEn| }nd mEn| H jIF HgoU]

[In H kINdHm baI DH si]

[D}t H meIdHn DEF lIvd hum ju meI noU]

[baI DH neIm Hv }nHbEl li]

[}nd DIs meIdHn Si lIvd wID noU VDF TCt]

[D}n tu lVv }nd bi lVvd baI mi]

[aI wA\Vz H tSaIld }nd Si wA\Vz H tSaIld]

[In DIs kINdHm baI DH si]

[bVt wi lVvd wID H lVv D}t wA\Vz mCF D}n lVv]

[aI }nd maI }nHbEl li]

[wID H lVv D}t wINd sERHfs Hv hEvHn]

[kVvItHd hG }nd mi]

[EdgF }lHn poU] [}nHbEl li]

Drill #1 p. 172

AS/RP

[stRC\0N] [s}Nk] [}NkF\Hr]

[}NgF\Hr] [T}Nk] [lINgF\Hr]

[lEN(k)T]* [stREN(k)T]* [!l}RINks]

[InglIS] [tVN] [I!lC\0NgeIt]

[l}NgwIS] [mF\Hr !R}N] [dIstINgwIS]

[mVNk|] [pENgwIn] [}nkHl]

[bINgoU] [jVN] [sIN]

*Alternate pronunciation.


Drill #1 p. 174

Historic RP/MA-spoken

[HU\oU mIstREs maIn, WEHr AHr ju R\öUmIN]

[HU\oU steI }nd hIHr jC7\CHr tRu lVvz kVmIN]

[D}t k}n sIN bHU\oUT haI }nd lHU\oU]

[tRIp nHU\oU f1rDHr pR\Ït| switIN]

[dZ1rn|z End In lVvHrz mitIN]

[EvR| waIz m}nz sVn dVT nHU\oU]

[wIljHm SeIkspIHr] [HU\oU mIstREs maIn, WEHr AHr ju RoUmIN]


Appalachian dialect

[WIn aÉEv sinÉd� ÒIÔ WVts bijCUnd DIm mÉb�1}UntEnz]

Note that in the musical example, “them mountains” has been modified for vocal ease and facility.


See #2 p. 178

#1 p. 177

AS/RP/MA

[nÉdÁVn] [nÉdÁaIt] [nÉdÁeIb F\H r]

[nÉdÁeIzHl] [nÉdÁImbHl] [nÉdÁ}tSF\HrRHl]

[mÉbÁ}n] [mÉbÁCF\C7Hr] [mÉbÁ}dZHst|]

[mÉbÁA\0b] [mÉbÁVn|] [mÉbÁ}St]

#2 p. 178

RP

[ÒuÔWEn ¥ aI }m lÉleId ¥ In ’1rT]

[meI maI ÒFÔR\¨C7Nz kÒFÔR\ïeIt]

[noU tÒFÔR\¨VbHl ¥ In DaI bÒFÔR\Ëst]

[RImÉb1Emb�Hr mi]

[bVt ’A fC7HrgÉgEt maI fÉfeIt]

[daIdoU }nd i\I!niHs] [hEnR| p1rsHl] \ [pHrsEl]

Exercise Guide


#3 p. 178

AS

[ÒuÔWV\At wV\Az ¥¡ hi TÉTINkIN ¥ HvÒIÔ]

[D}t hi pÒHÔleIz ¥¡ soU dIstÒFÔR}ktIdl|]

[SÉSUFl| nÉnAt ¥ Hv ¥¡ hIz ÒuÔwaIf]

[DH lCN dIsÉskAFdHd kÒuÔwinÒIÔ]

[SÉSUFl| nÉd�1At ¥ Hv mÉb�1i][huz ¥¡ fÉfUt hi noU lÉlCNgF sÉsiks]

[’VndF DH kÉkAFd\ ¥ tÉteIbHlÒIÔ]

[hÉhu ¥ Iz ¥¡ DÉDEF tu lÉlVv ¥¡ mi]

[hu ’Iz ¥¡ DEF fCF mÉbÁi tu lÉlVvÒIÔ]

[nÉnAt hÒçÔi DH fÉfulIS ¥¡ nÉd�eIv ¥ Hv ¥¡ hÉhAFts]

[nÉnA/ maI fÉfADFz ¥¡ fÉfeIdId fÉfoUtoUgR}f]

[nÉnA/ maI sÉstAkmAFkH/ hÉhVzbHndÒIÔ]

[nÉnCF maI fÉfUtbCl ¥¡ sÉsVnÒIÔ]

[!oUnl| maI mÉbÁVDF kUd h}v lÉlVvd mi]

[hÉh}d ¥ aI bVt lÉlEt hG]

[bVt DÉDEF Si lÉlaIz ¥ In ¥¡ hG pÉpeInÒIÔ]

[kUkÉkund ¥ In ¥¡ hG ’IlnHs]

[0}n ¥ IndÉdIfRHnt stÒFÔReIndZF]

[hÉh}tSIN ¥¡ fCF hGsÉsElf]

[DH bÒHÔl}k ÒuÔwINz ¥ Hv dÉdET]

[dÉdu nAt\ ¥ dÉdaI mÉbÁVDF]

[dÉdu nAt\ ¥ dÉdaI ÒiÔjEt]

[lÉlEt mi sÉsi jCF pÒHÔlidIN ’aIz wVns ¥¡ mÉb1CF]

[nÉd�1AU D}t ¥ }t lÉl}st]

[aI ¥ }m ¥¡ lÉlGnIN tu lÉlVv ÒiÔju]

[hu Iz DEF tu lVv mi] [H h}nd Hv bRIdZ] [s}mjUHl bAFbF]


AS

[!It fÉfClz moUst\ ¥ tÉtEndFl| aI TÉTINk]

#1 p. 182

Spoken Historic RP

[lHU In Di ’C7rIEnt WEn DH gR\ëISHs lÉlaIt]

[lÉlIfts ’Vp hIz bÉb1rnIN hÉhEd ’itS ’VndHr ’aI]

[dVT !h0mIdZ tU hIz nju HpIHrrIN sÉsaIt]

[sÉs1rvIN wID lÉlUks hIz sÉseIkRId mÉm}dZIst|]

[’}nd h}vIN klaImd DH sÉstip ’Vp hÉhEvnl| hÉhIÒUÔl]

[RIzÉzEmblIN stRC7N juT In hIz mÉmIdHl ’eIdZ]

[jEt mC7HrtHl lÉlUks HdC7Hr hIz bjut| sÉstIÒUÔl]

[HtEndIN ’0n hIz gÉgHUldIn pÉpIÒUÔlgRImIdZ]

[bVt WEn fR0m haI mÉmHUst pÉpItS wID wIHrr| ’IHr]

[laIk fÉfibHl ’eIdZ hi R\ïlET fR0m DH sÉskaI]

[Di ’aIz fC7Hr djut|Hs nAU kHnvÉv1rtId ’AHr]

[fR0m hIz lÉlHU tR}kt }nd lÉlUk HnVDHr weI]

[sHU DAU DaIsÉsEÒUÔlf ’AUtgHUIN In DaI nÉnun]

[VnlÉlUkt 0n dÉdaIEst VnlÉlEs DAU gEt H sÉsVn]

[s0nIt sEvIn] [wIljHm SeIkspIHr]

#2 p. 182

AS/Modern RP

[lÉlVvl|Ist ¥ H\0v tÒFÔRizÒIÔ DH tÉtSER| nÉnAU]

[’Iz ¥¡ hÉhVN wID bÒHÔlumz ¥ HlÉlC\0N ¥¡ DH bÉbAU]

[’}nd sÉst}ndz ¥ HlC\0N ¥¡ DH ÒuÔwUdlHnd ÒFÔRaIdÒIÔ]

[ÒuÔwEF\HrRIN ¥¡ ÒuÔWaIt* fCF ’istF\HrtaIdÒIÔ]

[nÉnAU Hv ¥¡ maI TÒFÔRi sÉskCF\Hr ÒiÔjIF\Hrz ¥ }nd\ ¥ tÉtEnÒIÔ]

[tÒuÔwEnt| wIl ¥¡ nÉnA\0t kÉkVm ¥ HgÉgEnÒIÔ]

[!}nd\ ¥ tÉteIk fRV\0m ¥¡ sÉsEvInt| spÒFÔRINz ¥ H sÉskCF\C7Hr]

[’It ’oUnl| lÉlivz ¥¡ mi fÉfIt| mÉmCF\C7Hr]

[’}nd sIns tu lÉlUk ¥ }t TÉTINz ¥ In bÒHÔlumÒIÔ]

[fÉfIft| spÒFÔRINz ¥ AF\AHr lÉlItHl ÒFÔRumÒIÔ]

[’HbAut DH ÒuÔwUdlHnd ’aI S}l gÉgoU]

[tu sÉsi DH tÉtSER| hÉhVN wIT ¥¡ sÉsnoU]

[lVvl|ist H\0v tRiz] [i eI hAUsmHn] [dZA\0n djuk]

*When stressing a word beginning with [W], the cluster is opened up in order to insert the related glide vowel,i.e.: [ÒuÔWEn] = [hÒuÔw].

Note: A difficult decision: British poet, American composer. In North America this would be done in AS. Inthe UK, probably Modern RP.

Exercise Guide

Chapter 13

From now on, the merges for nasal consonants and the lateral [l] will no longer be shaded.

All sustaining consonants are merged together as they are discussed in this chapter.

#1 p. 190

AS/MA

[’}z ÒuÔwVn ¥¡ hu hÉh}Nz dAUnÒIÔ bÉbEndIN ¥¡ fRV\0m ¥¡ DH sÉsaIdÒIÔ]

[’H\0v ¥ H sÉsloU muvIN bÉboUt ’HpA\0n ¥¡ DH bÒFÔR\Ëst]

[’H\0v ¥ H sÉstIl ÒuÔwCtF\Hr sÉsA\0lIsIN ¥¡ hImsÉsElf]

[wIT ¥¡ sVtS dIskÉkVvR|z ¥ }z ¥¡ hIz ’aI k}n ¥¡ mÉmeIk]

[bIniT ¥¡ hIm ¥ In ¥¡ DH bÉbA\0tHm ¥ H\0v ¥¡ DH dÉdip]

[sÉsiz ¥¡ mEn| bÒiÔjutIHs ¥¡ sÉsaIts ÒuÔwidzÒIÔ fÉfISHzÒIÔ fÉflAUF\HrzÒIÔ]

[gÒFÔR\Ä\0ts pÉpEbHlzÒIÔ ÒFÔR\üts ¥ H\0v tÒFÔRizÒIÔ }nd fÉf}ns|z ¥¡ mÉmCF\Hr]

[jEt ’CfHn ¥ Iz pF\HrpÉplEkst ¥ }nd kÉk}nA\0t pÉpAF\Hrt]

[DH SÉS}doU fRV\0m ¥¡ DH sÉsVbstHns ÒFÔRA\0ks ¥ }nd sÉskaI]

[mÉmAUntHnz ¥ }nd kÉklAUdzÒIÔ RIfÉflEktHd ¥ In ¥¡ DH dÉdEpT]

[’H\0v ¥ H klIF\Hr fÉflVdÒIÔ fRV\0m ¥¡ TÉTINz ¥¡ WItS DEF\Hr (r\R) ¥ HbÉbaIdÒIÔ]

[’In ¥¡ DEF\Hr tÒFÔRu dÒuÔwElINÒIÔ nAU ¥ Iz kÒFÔRC\0st baI gÒHÔlimÒIÔ]

[’H\0v ¥¡ hIz ’oUn ’ImHdZÒIÔ baI H sÉsVnbim ¥¡ nÉnAU]

[’}nd ÒuÔweIvRIN ¥¡ mÉmoUSHnz ¥¡ sÉsEnt hi nÉnoUz ¥¡ nA\0t ÒuÔWEns]

[ImpÉpEdImEnts ¥¡ D}t mÉmeIk hIz tÉt}k mCF\Hr sÉsÒuÔwit]

[sVtS plEzHnt ’C\0fIs ¥¡ h}v ¥ aI lÉlC\0N pF\HrsÒiÔjudÒIÔ]

[!InkÉkVmbHnt ’CF\Hr DH sÉsG\1rfHs ¥ H\0v pÉp}\ast\ ¥ tÉtaImÒIÔ]

[pRoUlC\0g] [S}doU }nd sVbstHns] [wIljHm wG\1rdzwG\1rT]

#2 p. 190

AS/Modern MA

[’oU gÒHÔlaIdÒIÔ fEF\Hr stÒFÔRimÒIÔ fCF\Hr ’EvF\Hr sÉsoU]

[DaI kÒuÔwaIHt sÉsoUl ¥ A\0n ’Cl bIsÉstoUINÒIÔ]

[tIl !Cl ¥ AUF\H r mÉmaIndz ¥¡ fCF\Hr ’EvF\Hr fÉfloU]

[’}z ¥¡ DaI dÉdIp ÒuÔwCtF\Hrz ¥¡ nÉnAU AF\Hr fÉfloUINÒIÔ]

[vÉveIn ¥¡ TÉTCt jEt bÉbi }z ¥¡ nÉnAU DAU ’AF\Hrt]

[D}t ¥ In ¥¡ DaI ÒuÔwCtF\H rz ¥¡ meI bi sÉsinÒIÔ]

[Di ’ImIdZ ¥ H\0v ¥ H pÉpoUEts ¥¡ hÉhAF\Hrt]

[hÉhAU bÒFÔRaIt hÉhAU sÉsA\0lHmÒIÔ hÉhAU sF\IR\rInÒIÔ]


[nÉnAU lEt ¥ Vs ’}z wi fÉfloUt ¥ HlCNÒIÔ]

[fCF hÉhÒçÔIm ¥¡ sHspÉpEnd DH dÉd}SIN ’CF\Hr]

[’}nd pÒFÔReI D}t nÉnEvF\Hr tSaIld ¥ H\0v ¥¡ sÉsC\0NÒIÔ]

[meI nÉnoU D}t pÉpoUEts ¥¡ sÉsA\0RoUz ¥¡ mÉmCF\Hr]

[hÉhAU kÉkAmÒIÔ hÉhAU sÉstIlÒIÔ Di ’oUnl| sÉsAUndÒIÔ]

[DH dÒFÔRIpIN ¥ H\0v ¥¡ Di ’CF\Hr sHspÉpEndHdÒIÔ]

[In RImEmbRHns ¥ H\0v ¥¡ SubF\Hrt]

#3 p. 191

AS

[nÉnoUbVd| nÉnoUz ¥¡ DIs ¥¡ lÉlItHl ÒFÔRoUzÒIÔ]

[’It maIt ¥ H pÉpIlgRHm bÉbi]

[dId ¥ aI nÉnAt\ ¥ tÉteIk ¥ It ¥ fRVm ¥¡ DH ÒuÔweIzÒIÔ]

[’}nd lÉlIft ¥ It ’Vp ¥ tu DÉDi]

[’oUnl| ¥ H bÉbi wIl ¥¡ mÉmIs ¥ It]

[’oUnl| ¥ H bÉbVtFflaI]

[hÉheIsHnIN ¥¡ fRVm ¥¡ fÉfAF dÉdZGn|]

[’An ¥ Its bÒFÔREst tu lÉlaI]*

[’oUnl| ¥ H bÉbGd ¥ wIl ÒuÔwVndF]

[’oUnl| ¥ H bÒFÔRiz wIl ¥¡ sÉsaI]

[’A lÉlItHl ÒFÔRoUzÒIÔ hAU ’iz|]

[fCF sVtS ¥ }z ¥¡ DÉDi tu dÉdaI]

[DIs lItHl RoUz] [EmHl| DIkHnsHn] [wIljHm RCI]

*Sound both “t’s” in “breast to.” The tempo is too slow to implode.

#4 p. 191

Colloquial American*

[DH sÉstAFz ¥ AF ’AUt]

[DU nÉnaIt ¥ Iz ¥¡ faInÒIÔ]

[wi sÉsIt wIDIn ¥¥¡ DH tR}fIk lÉlaInÒIÔ]

[DU lÉlaIt ¥ Iz tÉtSeIndZdÒIÔ]

[DH sÉsIgnHlz ¥¡ sÉsEt]

[nÉnAU ’Cf wi gÉgoU]

[nÉnoU nÉnoU nA/ ÒiÔjEt]

[DU bÒFÔReIks ¥ AF ’AnÒIÔ]

Exercise Guide

[wi mÉmuv ¥ }n ’IntS]

[wi sÉstAp ¥ HgÉgEnÒIÔ]

[DH kÉkAp wIl pÉpIntS]

[DU nÉnEkst ¥ HfÉfEndF hu wUd\ ¥ dÉEF]

[tU sÉspid ¥ HpAn ¥¡ DIs ¥¡ TÉTGRoUfÉfEF]

[aI lÉlUk ¥ }t ÒiÔju]

[ÒiÔju lÉlUk ¥ HhÉhEdÒIÔ]

[H TÉTAUzHnd TÉTINz ju mÉmaI| ¥ Hv ¥¡ sÉsEdÒIÔ]

[tU mÉmeIk DIs dÒFÔRaIv ¥ H pÒiÔjG dHlÉlaI/]

[bV/ ÒiÔju mVs/ ÒuÔwAtS DH tÒFÔR}fIk lÉlaI/]

[tÉtSVgIN ¥¡ mÉmoUtFz pÉpG (R) ¥ }nd ÒuÔwaInÒIÔ]

[ÒuÔweItIN ¥ In ¥¡ DH tR}fIk lÉlaInÒIÔ]

[gÒFÔRaIndIN gÉgIFzÒIÔ ’IsÉskeIpIN gÉg}s]

[mÉmVst wi lÉlE/ D}/ fÉfEloU pÉp}s]

[’oUpHn ÒFÔRoUdz ¥ }n kÉkVntR| ’EF]

[bÒFÔRizHz bÒHÔloUIN ¥¡ TRu jF hÉhEF]

[hÉhAt\ ¥dÉdC/ sÉst}ndz ¥ }n pÉpeIntHd\ ¥bÉbIlzÒIÔ]

[klVtFRIN ’Vp DH fÉfildz ¥ }n ¥¥¡ hÒçÔIlzÒIÔ]

[H mÉmaIl ¥ CF tÉtu]

[DEn ¥¡ hÉhoUm ¥ HgÉgEnÒIÔ]

[DH tR}fIk dÉdZ}mÒIÔ]

[DH kÉkÒFÔRAUdÒIÔ DH stÒFÔReInÒIÔ]

[DU ÒuÔwIstfHl ¥¥¡ hÉhAF/’VnsÉs}tIsfÉfaIdÒIÔ]

[gU/nÉnaI/ maI dÉdIF]

[H lÉlVvl| ÒFÔRaIdÒIÔ]

[m}n’h}ÖHn dZCI RaId] [lu!iz RItZFdsHn dAd] [pCl sAFdZHnt]

*See note for #3 p. 156.

Text pp. 199, 203

AS/Modern MA

[ÒuÔ WV\0t ¥ Iz ¥¡ DIs kÒFÔRaIINÒIÔ]

[D}t ¥ aI hÉhÒçÔIF\Hr *(R) ¥ In ¥¡ DH ÒuÔwIndÒIÔ]

[’Iz ¥ It Di ’oUld sÉsA\0RoU]

[’}nd Di ’oUld gÒFÔRif][’CF\C7Hr(R) ¥ Iz ¥ It ¥ H nÒiÔju TÉTIN kÉkVmINÒIÔ]


[’H ÒuÔWG\1rlIN ¥¡ lÉlif][HbAUt DH g ÒFÔReI hEF\Hr (R) ¥ H\0v ¥¡ mÉmi][hu }m ÒuÔwIR| }nd b(H)laIndÒIÔ][aI nÉnoU nA\0t WV\0t ¥ It ¥ IzÒIÔ][bVt ¥ H mÉmUF\Hr (R) ¥ A\0n DH SÉSCF\Hr][DEF\Hr (R) ¥ Iz ¥ H sÉstoUn ¥¡ WItS][DH pÉpG\1rpHl ¥¡ nÉnEts ¥ A\0v ¥¡ hÉhEDF\Hr bÉbaIndÒIÔ][’}nd DEF\Hr (R) ¥ A\0n ¥ Iz ÒFÔRIt][SÉSi wIl RItÉtG\1rn ¥¡ noU mÉmCF\Hr][’oU bloUn ÒuÔWG\1rlIN ¥¡ lÉlif][’}nd Di ’oUld gÒFÔRif][’}nd DH ÒuÔwIndÒIÔ kÒFÔRaIIN tu mi][hu }m ’oUld ¥ }nd b(H)laIndÒIÔ]

*ÒçÔ as is may be used instead of a double [hÉh]. See Aids for Projection p. 162.

Musical examples, pp. 200–01

Historic RP[ÒuÔweIstfUlÒIÔ soU bÒFÔR\ïf ¥ Iz bÒiÔjut|][DH ReIp 0v lu’kRiSH] [bEndZHmHn bRItHn]


AS[k(H)loUz ¥¡ maI lÉlVvÒIÔ jCF tÒFÔREmblIN ¥¡ lÉlIdzÒIÔ][lÉlEt DH mÉmmIdnaIt hÉhÒçÔil jCF bÒFÔRAU][nAktFn] [s}mjUHl bAFbF]

#1 p. 204

AS/Modern RP↓ ↓

[’}n ’A\0mnI`bVs ¥ HkRC\0s ¥¡ DH bÒFÔRIdZÒIÔ]↓ ↓

[kÒFÔRC\C7lz ¥¡ laIk ¥ H ÒiÔjEloU bÉbVtF\HrflaI]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[’}nd hÒçÔIF (R) ¥ }nd DÉDEF (R) ¥ H pÉp}\AsF\HrbÉbaI]↓ ↓ ↓

[SÉSoUz ¥¡ laIk ¥ H ÒFÔREstlHs ¥¡ lÉlItHl ¥¡ mÉmIdZÒIÔ]↓ ↓

[bÉbIg bÉbAF\HrdZHz ¥¡ fUl ¥ H\0v ÒiÔjEloU hÉheI]↓ ↓

[’AF mÉmuvd ¥ HgEnst DH SÉS}doU| ÒuÔWCF\C7Hrf]

Exercise Guide

↓ ↓ ↓

[’}nd laIk ¥ H ÒiÔjEloU sÉsIlkHn ¥¡ sÉskAF\Hrf]↓ ↓ ↓

[DH TÉTIk fÉfC\0g hÉh}Nz ¥ HlC\0N ¥¡ DH kÉkeI]*↓ ↓ ↓

[DH ÒiÔjEloU lÉlivz bIgÉgIn tU fÉfeIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[’}nd fÉflVtF\Hr fRV\0m ¥¡ DH tÉtEmpHl ’ElmzÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[’}nd ’}t maI fÉfit DH pÉpeIl gÒFÔRin tÉtEmzÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[lÉlaIz ¥¡ laIk ¥ H ÒFÔRA\0d ¥ H\0v ÒFÔRIpHlz dÉdZeIdÒIÔ]

[sImpfHn| In jEloU] [A\0skF\Hr waIld] [tSAF\Hrlz ti gRIfHs]

*Two pronunciations for “quay”: [keI]\[ki]. In this text it rhymes with “hay.”

#2 p. 204

AS↓ ↓ ↓

[ÒuÔWaI du DeI SÉSVt mi ’AUt ¥ Hv ¥¡ hÉhEvHnÒIÔ]↓ ↓

[dÉdId ¥ aI sÉsIN tu lÉlAUdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[bVt ’aI k}n ¥¡ sÉsIN ¥ H lÉlItHl ¥¡ mÉmaInF]↓ ↓

[tÉtImid ¥ }z ¥ H ¥ bÉbGdÒIÔ]↓ ↓

[ÒuÔwUdHnt Di ’eIndZHlzÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[tÒFÔRaI mi dZVst ¥ÒuÔwVns ¥¡ mÉmCF]

↓ ↓ ↓

[dZVst sÉsi ÒjÔ ¥ If ¥ aI tÒFÔRVbHld DEmÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[bVt\ ¥ dÉdoUnt SÉSVt DH dÉdCF]↓ ↓ ↓

[dÉdoUnt SÉSVt DH dÉdCF]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[’oU ÒwÔ If ’aI wG DH dÉdZEntHlmEn ¥ In ¥¡ DH WaIt ÒFÔRoUbzÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[’}nd DÉDeI wG DH lÉlItHl ¥¡ hÉh}nd D}t nÉnAkt]


↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[kUd ¥ aI fCFbÉbIdÒIÔ kUd ¥ aI fCFbÉbIdÒIÔ kÉkUd ’aI fCFbÉbIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[ÒuÔWaI du DeI SÉSVt mi ’AUt ¥ Hv ¥¡ hÉhEvHnÒIÔ]↓ ↓

[dId ¥ aI sÉsIN tu lÉlAUdÒIÔ]

[WaI du DeI SVt mi AUt Hv hEvHn] [EmHl| dIkInsHn] [}RHn koUplHnd]

#3 p. 204

Modern RP/MA↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[tÉtaIm dVz ¥¡ nÉn0t bRIN RIlÉlif ju ’C7\Cl ¥¡ h}v ¥¡ lÉlaIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[hu tÉtoUld mi tÉtaIm wUd ’iz ¥¡ mi 0v ¥¡ maI pÉpeInÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[’aI mÉmIs ¥¡ hIm ¥ In ¥¡ DHÒuÔwipIN ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH ÒFÔReInÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[’aIÒuÔw0nt hIm ¥ }t DH SÒFÔRINkIN ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH tÉtaIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[Di ’oUld sÉsnoUz ¥¡ mÉmElt fR0m ’EvR| mÉmAUntHnsÉsaIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[’}nd lÉlA\ast ÒiÔjIHrz ¥¡ lÉlivz ¥ AHr sÉsmoUk ¥ In ’EvR| lÉleInÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[bVt lÉlA\astÒiÔjIHrz bÉbItHr lÉlVvIN ¥¡ mVst RImÉmeInÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[hÒçÔipt ¥ 0n ¥¡ maI hÉhAHrt ’}nd maI ’oUld TÉTC7\Cts ¥ HbÉbaIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[DEHr ’AH r (R) ¥ H hÉhVndRHd pleIsHz ¥¡ WEHr(R) ¥ aI fÉfIHr]↓ ↓ ↓

[tu gÉgoU soU wIT ¥¡ hIz ¥¡ mÉmEmHrR| DeI bÒFÔRImÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[’}ndÒIÔ ’EntHrRIN wID RIlÉlif ¥¡ sVm kÒuÔwaIHt pÒHÔleIs]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[WEHr nÉnEvHr fÉfEl ¥¡ hIz ¥¡ fÉfUt ’C7\CHr ¥ SÉS0n ¥¡ hIz ¥¡ fÉfeIs]↓ ↓ ↓

[’aI ¥ sÉseI ¥ DÉDEHr ¥ (R) ¥ Iz ¥¡ noU mÉmEmR| 0v ¥¡ hIm ¥¡ hÒçÔIHr]↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

[’}nd sÉsoU sÉst}nd sÉstÒFÔRIkHnÒIÔ soU RImÉmEmbRIN ¥¡ hÒçÔImÒIÔ]

[s0lIlHkw|] [EdnH sEnt vInsHnt mIleI] [dZudIT zaImHnt]

Exercise Guide

#4 p. 205

Historic RP↓ ↓ ↓

[hÒç)IHrz ¥ H f1rstÒFÔR\ëIt ’0pHrtÒiÔjunit|]↓ ↓

[tu gÉgEt mÉm}r|d wID ’ImpÒiÔjunit|]↓ ↓

[’}nd ¥ IndÉdUldZ ¥ In ¥¡ DH fIlÉlIsIt|]↓ ↓

[’0v ’VnbÉbAUndId\ ¥ d0mEsÉstIsIt|]↓ ↓

[ÒiÔju S}l kÉkwIkl| bÉbi pAHrsÉs0nIfaIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓ ↓

[kÉk0ndZUgHl| mÉm}tRImÉmHUnIfaIdÒIÔ]↓ ↓

[baI H dÉd0ktHr ¥ (r) ¥ 0v dIvÉvInIt|]↓ ↓

[hu RIzÉzaIdz ¥ In ¥¡ DÉDIs ¥¡ vIsÉsInit|]

[’paIRIts 0v pEn’z}ns] [dVbHlju Es gIlbHrt] [AHrTHr sVlIvHn]

Chapter14

The International Phonetic Alphabet for British Received Pronunciation IPA Drill

#1 p. 211

look beige

lord million

people thank

excellent music

lunch rhyme

jealous nature

gorgeous breathe

angry* rehearse**

measure journey

girl diaphragm

tongue larynx

honour virtue

*Lowered [|] p. 45.

**Prefix rule p. 48.


#2 p. 212

[tSAHrm] [zEfHr]

[pEnsIv] [GT]

[flVd] [HnCInt]

[bC7t] [vIZHn]

[wIntHr] [wVns]

[h}tS] [dZaIHnt]

[Hbs1rd] [jIHr]

[p}SIn] [InVf]

[jusIdZ] [dIfIkVlt]

[jVNgHr] [l}NgwIS]

[bjutIfUl] [pR0nAUns]

[w1rD|] [tEknIkUl]

#5 p. 212

Passing by— anonymous

There is a lady sweet and kind,

Was never face so pleased my mind.

I did but see her passing by

And yet I love her ’til I die.

Her gesture, motion, and her smiles,

Her wit, her voice, my heart beguiles.

Beguiles my heart I know not why,

And yet I love her til I die.

I’ll walk where my own nature be leading,

It vexes me to choose another guide.

Where the grey flocks in ferny glens are feeding,

Where the wild wind blows on the mountainside.

Emily Brontë

Exercise Guide

Exercises:

Historic RP

#1 p. 218

[W0t p}SIn k}n0t mjuzIk R\ëIz }nd kwEl]

[WEn dZubHl stR\Ò¨ÔVk DH kC7HrdId SEl]

[hIz lIsnIN bR\ËDRHn stUd HrAUnd]

[}nd wVndRIN 0n DH feIsIz fEl]

[tu w1rSIp sIlEstiHl sAUnd]

[lEs DHn* H g0d DeI TC7t DEHr kUd n0t dwEl]

[wIDIn DH h0lHU\oU** 0v D}t SEl]

[D}t spHU\oUk** sHU\oU switl| }nd sHU\oU wEl]

[W0t p}SIn k}n0t mjuzIk kwEl]

[HU\oUd tu sHnt sIsiliHz deI] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

*Common words in unstressed positions are frequently neutralized to a schwa vowel in RP.

**[HU] when spoken; [oU] when sung.

#2 p. 219

Historic RP-spoken/sung

[DH s0ft k0mpleInIN* flut]

[In daIIN nHU\oUts dIskVvHrz]

[DH wHU\oUz 0v hHU\oUplIs lVvHrz]

[huz d1rdZ Iz WIspHrd]

[WIspHrd baI DH wC7HrblIN ljut]

[HUd tU sHnt sIsiliHz deI] [dZi Ef h}ndHl]

**[0] is schwa subsitute used in RP for unstressed “o” spellings.

#3 p. 219

[W0t If aI nEvHr spid]

[S}l aI stR\(¨)eIt jild tu dIspEHr]

[}nd stIl 0n s0rHU\oU fid]

[D}t k}n nHU\oU l0s R\rIpEHr]

[C7Hr S}l aI tSeIndZ maI lVv]


[fC7Hr (r) ¥ aI faInd pAUHr tu dIpAHrt]

[}nd In maI R\ïzHn pR\üv]

[aI k}n k0mAnd maI hAHrt]

[bVt If Si wIl pIt| maI dIzaIHr]

[}nd maI lVv R\rIkwaIt]

[DEn EvHr S}l Si lIv maI dIHr dIlaIt]

[kVm WaIl aI h}v H hAHrt tu dIzaIHr Di]

[fC7Hr aIDHr (r) ¥ aI wIl lVv C7Hr (r) ¥ HdmaIHr Di]

[dZ0n dAUlHnd] [poUHt Hn0ImHs]

#1 p. 220

[noU\nHU] [goUld\gHUld] [moUn\mHUn] [floU\flHU]

[koUd\kHUd] [loU\lHU] [hoUl\ hHUl] [woU\wHU]

[HloUn\HlHUn] [oUpHn\HUpHn] [soUl\sHUl] [Hp0loU\Hp0lHU]

Note: Now the expressive doublings, merges, implosions, breath lifts, liasons, glides, and shadow vowels areadded to the text as discussed and applied in earlier chapters.

#2 p. 220

Historic RP

[In ¥¡ vÉveIn tu ’Vs ju pÒHÔlidÒIÔ]

[dÉdHUnt gÉgHU]

[jC7Hr pÉpR\ËHrz wi du n0t hÒçÔidÒIÔ]

[dÉdHUnt gÉgHU]

[Its tÒFÔR\(¨)u wi sÉsaI]

[bVt\ ¥ dÉdHUnt sHpÉpHUzÒIÔ]

[H tÉtIHrfUl ’aI]

[fCHrgÉgIvnEs ¥¡ SÉSHUzÒIÔ]

[’HU nÉnHU]

[aIo’l}nT|] [gIlbHrt }nd sVlIvHn]

[’HUld kÉkIN kÉkHUl]

[w0z ¥ H mÉmEr| ’HUld sÉsHUlÒIÔ]

[’}nd ¥ H mÉmEr| ’HUld sÉsHUl w0z ¥¡ hÒçÔi]

[hi kÉkC7ld fC7Hr hIz pÉpaIp]

[’}nd hi kÉkC7ld fC7Hr hIz bÉbHUlÒIÔ]

[’}nd hi kÉkC7ld fC7Hr hIz ¥¡ fÉfIdlHrz TR\ï]

[Hn0nImHs]

Exercise Guide

[sÉswit ¥ H\}n ¥¡ lÉlHU sÉswit ¥ H\}n ¥¡ lÉlHU]*

[ÒuÔwInd ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH ÒuÔwEstHrn ¥¡ sÉsi]

[lÉlHU lÉlHU bR\ïD ¥ H\}n bÒHÔlHU]

[ÒuÔwInd ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH ÒuÔwEstHrn ¥¡ sÉsi]

[’HUvHr DH R\¨HUlIN ÒuÔwC7tHrz gÉgHU]

[kÉkVm ¥¡ fR0m ¥¡ DH dÉdaIIN ¥¡ mÉmun ¥ H\}n bÒHÔlHU]*

[bÒHÔlHU hIm ¥ HgÉgEn tU mÉmi]

[}lfREd lC7Hrd tEnIsHn]

[dÉdZupItHr mÉmAHrz ¥ Hn\}nd ¥ HpÉp0lHU]*

[h}v kÉkwItId DH dÉdwElINz ¥ 0v ¥¡ mÉmEnÒIÔ]

[Di ’VDHr gÉg0dz kwIkl| wIl ¥¡ fÉf0lHU]

[’}nd W0t wIl bIkÉkVm ¥ 0v ¥ Vs ¥¡ DÉDEnÒIÔ]

[’HU pÉpAHrdHn ¥ Vs dÉdZHUv ¥ }nd ¥ HpÉp0lHU]

[pÉpAHrdHn ¥ Vs dÉdZupItHr (r) ¥ Hn\}nd mÉmAHrzÒIÔ

[’HU sÉsi Vs ¥ In ¥¡ mÉmIzHrr| ÒuÔw0lHU]

[kÉk1rsIN ¥ AUHr tÉtErIbHl ¥¡ sÉstAHrzÒIÔ]

[TEspIs] [gIlbHrt H\}n sVlIvHn]*

*”And” in speech often neutralizes to [Hn] with the “d” not pronounced when followed by another consonant.

#1 p. 222

Historic/Modern RP

[fIHr] [jC7Hr] [hAHrt] [SU\CHr]

[fC7HrT] [flAUHr] [HkwaIHr] [aIHrn]

[hEHr] [dIzaIHr] [HfAHr] [pjU\CHr]

[mC7Hrn] [InsnEHr] [pAUHr] [dIHr]

#1 p. 222

[j1rn] [b1rn] [s1rtS] [T1rst]

[dZ1rn|] [v1rtj\tSu] [h1r] [v1rdIkt]

[m1rs|] [RIh1rs] [p1rfIkt] [1rT]

[sIstHr] [bR\¨VDHr] [nVmbHr] [kVlHr]

[seIvHr] [EvHr] [AftHr] [v}lHr]

[pHrh}ps] [pHrsju] [kVmfHrt] [sHrvaIv]


#2 p. 223

[DH fÉflAUHrz ¥ HpÉpIHr ÒrÔ ¥ 0n ¥¡ Di ’1rT]

[DH tÉtaIm ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH sÉsININ ¥ 0v bÉb1rdz ¥ Iz kÉkVmÒIÔ]

[’}nd DH vÉvCIs ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH tÉt1rtHl ¥ In ¥ AUHr lÉl}ndÒIÔ]

[E`kliz!i}st|z]

[fC7Hr ’En’TIN sHU ’HUvHrdÉdVn ¥ Iz fR0m ¥¡ DH pÉp1rpHs ¥ 0v pÉpleIINÒIÔ]

[huz ’EndÒIÔ bHUT ¥ }t DH fÉf1rst ¥ }nd nÉnAU]

[ÒuÔw0z ¥ }nd ’Iz tU hÉhHUld ¥ }z tw1r DH mÉmIrHr ’Vp tU nÉneItSHr]

[wIljHm SeIkspIHr] [h}mlHt]

[’C7Hr DH sÉsizHn ¥¡ vÉv1rnHlÒIÔ]

[tÉtaIm ¥¡ meI kÉkAst ¥ H SÉSeIdÒIÔ]

[sÉsVnSÉSaIn ’If ¥ ItÉt1rnHlÒIÔ]

[mÉmeIks ¥¡ DH ÒFÔR\¨HU\oUzIz ¥¡ fÉfeIdÒIÔ]

[gIlbHrt }nd sVlIvHn] [tRaIl baI dZUR|]

Ask/Hand Word Drills:

#1 p. 226

[g}lHsk|] [hAf] [l}mp] [st}nd] [tR\Ò¨ÔAns]

[s}lHd] [m}NgHU] [plAstHr] [daIHgR\Ò¨Ô}m] [m}nIk]

[l}m] [b}nd] [dAns] [tElHgR\Ò¨Ô}m] [glAs]

[AnsHr] [R}S] [h}nd] [kl}S] [m}n]

[lADHr] [S}m] [AftHr] [mAsk] [b0mb}st]

[st}gHr] [R\¨}pt] [R\ÄDHr] [b}ndIt] [p}SIn]

#2 p. 226

[nAst| tAskmAstHrz] [swit tS}R\rIt|] [vAst Iksp}nsIz]

[pAstC7R\rHl djut|] [b}d h}bIt] [skR\ïtSIN b}gpaIp]

[lAst tSAns] [m1rdHrR\rHs d}gHr] [w}ksHn bjut|]

[}vHR\rISHs sk}vHndZHr] [R\ÄDHr bl}nd] [pAst R\¨}ptj\tSHr]

Exercise Guide

Note: The following two texts are left untreated so that the reader can just focus on the

Ask/Hand vowels of RP.

#3 p. 227

Historic RP

[gAstl| gAstl|]

[WEn m}n s0rHUfUl]

[f1rstl| lAstl|]

[0v tH!m0rHUfUl]

[AftHr t}r|IN]

[jildz tU h}r|IN]

[gHUz H m}r|IN]

[gAstlI gAstlI]

[DH jHUmHn 0v DH gAHrd] [gIlbHrt }nd sVlIvHn]

Historic RP

[WEn In dIsgR\ëIs wIT fC7Hrtjun }nd mEnz aIz]

[aI C7l HloU\HUn bIwip maI AUtkAst steIt]

[}nd tR\Ò¨ÔVbHl dEf hEvn wID maI butlHs kR\äIz]

[}nd lUk Hp0n maIsElf }nd k1rs maI feIt]

[wISIN mi laIk tu wVn mC7Hr R\ÏtS In hÉhoUp]

[fitSHrd laIk hIm laIk hIm wIT fR\Ëndz p0zÉzEst]

[dIzaIrIN DIs m}nz AHrt }nd D}t m}nz skoU\HUp]

[wIT W0t aI moU\HUst IndZCI k0ntEntId list]

[jEt In Diz TC7ts maIsElf C7lmoU\HUst dIspaIzIN]

[h}pl| aI TINk 0n Di }nd DEn 0n maI steIt]

[laIk tu DH lAHrk }t bR\ëIk 0v deI]

[fR0m sVlHn 1rT sINz hImz }t hEvInz geIt]

[fC7Hr DaI swIt lVv RImEmbREd sVtS wElT bRINz]

[D}t DEn aI skC7Hrn tU tSeIndZ maI steIt wIT kINz]

[SeIkspIHr] [s0nIt twEnt|naIn]

#1 p. 235

Historic RP

[bÒFÔR\äIt ¥ Iz ¥¡ DH ÒFÔR\ÏN ¥ 0v ÒuÔw1rdzÒIÔ]

[WEn ¥¡ DH ÒFÔR\äIt mÉm}n ÒFÔR\ÏNz ¥¡ DEmÒIÔ]


[fÉfEHr DH fÉfC7l ¥ 0v ¥¡ sÉs0NzÒIÔ]

[WEn ¥¡ DH sÉsINHr sÉsINz ¥¡ DEmÒIÔ]

[stIl ¥¡ DeI AHr kÉk}rHld ¥ }nd sÉsEdÒIÔ]

[’0n ÒuÔwINz ¥¡ DeI AHr kÉk}r|dÒIÔ]

[’AftHr DH sÉsINHr (r) ¥ Iz dÉdEdÒIÔ]

[’}nd DH mÉmeIkHr bÉbEr|dÒIÔ]

[lÉloU }z ¥¡ DH sÉsINHr lÉlaIz]*

[’In ¥ H fÉfild ¥ 0v ¥¡ hÉhEDHr]

[sÉs0Nz ¥ 0v ¥¡ hIz ¥¡ fÉf}SHn]*

[bÒFÔR\ÏN ¥¡ DH sÒuÔweInz tUgÉgEDHr]

[’}nd WEn ¥¡ DH ÒuÔwEst ¥ Iz ÒFÔR\ËdÒIÔ]

[wID ¥¡ DH sÉsVnsEt ’EmbHrzÒIÔ]

[DH lÉlVvHr lÉlINgHrz ¥ }nd sÉsINzÒIÔ]

[’}nd DH mÉmeId R\rImÉmEmbHrzÒIÔ]

[bRaIt Iz DH RIN 0v w1rdz]

[DH s0Nz 0v tR}vHl]

[R0bHrt luIs stivHnsHn] [R}lf vC7n wIljHmz]

*Often phrased over without a breath.

Note: Listen to the OUP website to hear this song text read in a Scots accent.

p. 235

Historic RP

[’aI wIl ¥¡ mÉmeIk ju bÒFÔR\öU\HUtSHzÒIÔ]

[}nd\ ¥ tÉtCIz ¥¡ fC7Hr jC7Hr dIlÉlaIt]

[’0v bÉb1rds0N ¥ }t mÉmC7HrnINÒIÔ]

[}nd sÉstAHrSÉSaIn ¥ }t nÉnaIt]

[’aI wIl ¥¡ mÉmeIk ¥ H pÉp}lIs]

[fÉfIt fC7Hr ÒiÔju }nd mÉmi]

[’0v gÒFÔR\ïn dÉdeIz ¥ In ¥¡ fÉf0rIsts]

[}nd blu dÉdeIz ¥ }t sÉsi]

[’aI wIl ¥¡ mÉmeIk ¥ H kÉkItSHnÒIÔ]

[}nd ÒiÔju S}l kÉkip jC7Hr ÒFÔR\ümÒIÔ]

[WEHr ÒuÔWaIt floU\HUz ¥¡ DH ÒFÔR\ÏvHr]

[’}nd bÒFÔR\äIt bloU\HUz ¥¡ DH bÒFÔR\ümÒIÔ]

[’}nd ÒiÔju S}l ÒuÔw0S jC7Hr lÉlInHnÒIÔ]

[’}nd kÉkip jC7Hr bÉb0d| ÒuÔWaIt]

Exercise Guide

[’In ÒFÔR\ëInfC7l ¥ }t mÉmC7HrnINÒIÔ]

[’}nd\ ¥ dÒIÔjufC7l ¥ }t nÉnaIt]

[’}nd DÉDIs ¥¡ S}l bi fC7Hr mÒiÔjuzIk]

[WEn ¥¡ nÉnoU wVn ’Els ¥ Iz ¥¡ nÉnIHr]

[DH fÉfaIn ¥¡ sÉs0N ¥¡ fC7Hr sÉsININÒIÔ]

[DH ÒFÔR\ËHr sÉs0N tu hÒ0)IHr]

[D}t ’oUnl| aI RImÉmEmbHr]

[D}t ’oUnl| ÒiÔju ¥ HdmÉmaIHr]

[’0v ¥¡ DH bÒFÔR\¨C0d ÒFÔR\öUd D}t stR\(¨)EtSHzÒIÔ]

[}nd DH ÒFÔR\öUd sÉsaId fÉfaIHr]

[ DH roUdsaId faIHr ]

[DH s0Nz 0v tR}vHl]

[R0bHrt luIs stivHnsHn] [R}lf vC7n wIljHmz]

Note: Listen to the OUP website to hear this text read in a Scots accent.

p. 235

Historic RP-sung

[’A bElÉlIndH ’aI }m pÒFÔR\Ëst]

[wIT tÉtC7HrmEnt nÉn0t\ ¥ tu bi k0nfÉfEst]

[pÉpis ¥ }nd ’aI AHr stÒFÔR\(¨)eIndZHrz gÒFÔR\öUnÒIÔ]

[’aI lÉl}NgwIS tIl maI gÒFÔR\ïf ¥ Iz ¥¡ nÉnoUnÒIÔ]

[jEt ÒuÔwUd nÉn0t hÉh}v ¥ It gÉgEst]

[daIdoUz lHmEnt] [daIdoU }nd IniHs] [hEnR| p1rsHl]

#1 p. 237

[tVtS] [lItHl] [pHlaIt]

[tR\(¨)i] [bEtHr] [kwaIHt]

[tVN] [leItl|] [kl}pt]

[tEl] [sEntRHl] [kIst]

[tiT] [pR\Ït|] [dIlaIt]


#2 p. 237

Historic RP

[aI }m DH vEr| mÉm0dHl 0v H mÉm0dHrn meIdZHr dZEnHrrHl]

[aIv InfHrmeISHn vEdZHtHbHl }nImHl }nd mInHrrHl]

[aI nHU DH kINz 0v INglHnd }nd aI kwHUt DH faIts hIstC7rIkHl]

[fR0m m}rHTHn tU wC7tHlÒiÔu In C7dHr k}tIgC7rIkHl]

[aIm vEr| wEl HkweIntId tu wID m}tHrz `m}TI’!m}tIkHl]

[aI VndHrst}nd IkweIZHnz bHUT sImpHl }nd kw0dR}tIkHl]

[HbAUt baI’nHUmIHl THrHm aIm timIN wID H l0t 0 njuz]

[wID mEn| tSIHrfUl f}kts HbAUt DH skwEHr (r) ¥ 0v Di haI’p0tInjuz]

[aIm vEr| gUd }t ’IntIgRHl }nd dIfHr!rEnSHl ’k}lkjUlHs]

[aI nHU DH saIHn!tifik neImz 0v biIN `}nI!m}lkjUlHs]

[In SC7Ht ¥ In m}tHrz vEdZHtHbHl }nImHl }nd mInHrrHl]

[aI }m DH vEr| m0dHl 0v H m0dHrn meIdZHr dZEnHrrHl]

[paIRHts 0v pHn!z}ns] [gIlbHrt }nd sVlIvHn]

[DEHr ÒrÔ ¥ Iz bjut| In DH bElHU 0v DH blAst]

[DEHr ÒrÔ ¥ Iz gR\¨}ndjHr r ¥ In DH gR\ÄUlIN 0v DH geIl]

[DEH ÒrÔ ¥ Iz El0kwEnt AUtpC7rIN]

[WEn DH laIHn Iz H R\¨C7rIN]

[}nd DH taIgHr ÒrÔ ¥ Iz H l}SIN 0v hIz teIl]

[jEs aI laIk tU si H taIgHr]

[fR0m DH k0NgHU C7Hr DH naIdZHr]

[}nd IspESHl| DH l}SIN 0v hIz teIl]

[DH mI!kAdHU] [gIlbHrt }nd sVlIvHn]

Note: The following texts are treated with expressive doublings, merges, implosions,

and shadow vowels. For the purposes of learning the diction techniques, all the pos-

sible text treatments have been notated. It would be absurd to use all the treatments

for the stressed words. Remember from chapter 2 that the nouns and verbs must be

stressed in order to transmit the thought. Then it’s up to you to pick and choose

which of the modifiers you’d also like to bring out as well.

Exercise Guide

#3 p. 238

Historic RP

[jC7Hr hÉh}ndz ¥¡ laI ÒjÔ oUpHn ¥ In ¥¡ DH lÉlC7N ¥¡ fR\ËS gR\Äs]

[DH fÉfINgHrpCInts ¥¡ lUk TR\ü laIk R\öUz| bÒHÔlumzÒIÔ]

[jC7Hr (r) ¥¡ aIz ¥¡ sÉsmaIl pÉpis]

[DH pÉp}\AstSHr gÒHÔlimz ¥ }nd gÒHÔlumzÒIÔ]

[niT bÉbIloUIN ¥¡ sÉskaIz ¥¡ D}t sk}tHr ÒrÔ ¥ }nd ¥ HmÉm}s]

[C7l R\Äund ¥ AUHr nÉnEst fAHr ÒrÔ ¥ }z ¥¡ Di ’aI k}n pÉpAs]

[AHr gÉgoUldHn kÉkINkVp fÉfIldz wIT ¥¡ sÉsIlvHr ’EdZÒIÔ]

[WEHr DH kÉkAUpAHrsl| sÉsk1rts ¥¡ DH hÉhC7TC7Hrn ¥¡ hÉhEdZÒIÔ]

[tIz ¥¡ vÉvIzIbHl ¥¡ sÉsaIlHns sÉstIl ¥ }z ¥¡ Di ’AUHr gÒHÔlAs]

[dÉdip ¥ In ¥¡ DH sÉsVns1rtSt gR\öUTs ¥¡ DH dÒFÔR}gHnfÉflaI]

[hÉh}Nz ¥¡ laIk ¥ H bÒHÔlu TR\Ëd lÉlusHnd fR0m ¥¡ DH sÉskaI]

[sÉsoU DIs ÒuÔwINd ’AUHr ÒrÔ ¥ Iz dÒFÔR0pt tu Vs fR0m ¥ HbÉbVvÒIÔ]

[’oU kÒHÔlAsp wi tu AUHr hÉhAHrts ¥¡ fC7Hr dÉdETlHs dÉdAUHr]

[DIs kloUs k0mpÉp}njHnd ’InAHrtÉtIkjUlHt ’AUHr]

[WEn tÉtufÉfoUld sÉsaIlHns w0z ¥¡ DH sÉs0N ¥ 0v ¥¡ lÉlVvÒIÔ]

[saIlHnt nun] [dAnteI gabRIEl R0sEt|] [R}lf vC7n wIljHmz]

p. 238

Historic/Modern RP

[kÉkVmÒIÔ sÉslip ¥ }nd wID ¥¡ DaI sÒuÔwit\¥ dIsÉsivINÒIÔ]

[lÉl0k mi In dIlÉlaIt ¥ HWaIlÒIÔ]

[lÉlEt sVm plizIN dÒFÔÒ¨Ô\Rimz bIgÉgaIlÒIÔ]

[’C7l maI fÉf}ns|z ¥¡ D}t fR0m ¥¡ hÉhEns]

[DEHr meI sÉstil ¥ Hn ’InfluEns]

[’C7l maI pÉpAUHrz ¥ 0v kÉkEHr bIr\RivINÒIÔ]

[DoU bVt ¥ H SÉS}doU bVt ¥ H sÉslaIdINÒIÔ]

[lÉlEt mi nÉnoU sVm ¥¡ lÉlItHl dÉdZCI]

[wi D}t sÉsVfHr lÉlC7N ¥ HnÉnCI]

[AHr k0ntEntId wID ¥ H TÉTC7t]

[TRu Hn ’aIdHl ¥¡ fÉf}ns| ÒFÔR\¨C7t]

[oU lÉlEt maI dÉdZCIz ¥¡ h}v ¥¡ sÉsVm ¥ HbÉbaIdINÒIÔ]

[slip] [dZ0n flEtSHr] [pitHr wC7Hrl0k]


p 238

[DH fÉfAUntHnz ¥¡ mÉmINgHl wID ¥¡ DH R\ÏvHr]

[}nd DH R\rIvHrz wID ¥¡ DI ’oUSHnÒIÔ]

[DU ÒuÔwIndz ¥ 0v ¥¡ hÉhEvn ¥¡ mÉmIks ¥¡ fC7rEvHr]

[wID ¥ H sÒuÔwit ¥ ImÉmoUSHnÒIÔ]

[nÉnVTIN ¥ In ¥¡ DH ÒuÔw1rld ¥ Iz ¥¡ sÉsINgHlÒIÔ]

[’C7l ¥¡ TINz baI H lÉlC7 dIvÉvaInÒIÔ]

[’In wVn ¥ HnÉnVDHrz bÉbiIN ¥¡ mÉmINgHlÒIÔ]

[ÒuÔWaI n0t ’aI wID ¥¡ DaInÒIÔ]

[sÉsi DU mÉmAUntHnz kÉkIs ¥¡ haI hÉhEvnÒIÔ]

[}nd DU ÒuÔweIvz klAsp wVn ¥ HnÉnVDHr]

[noU sÉsIstHr fÉflAUHr wUd bi fHrgÉgIvnÒIÔ]

[’If ¥ It dIsdÉdeInd ¥ Its bR\¨VDHr]

[}nd DH sÉsVnlaIt kÒHÔlAsps Di ÒjÔ 1rT]

[}nd DU mÉmunbimz kÉkIs ¥¡ DH sÉsi]

[W0t ¥ AHr ÒrÔ ¥ C7l ¥¡ Diz kÉkIsINz ÒuÔw1rT]

[If ¥¡ DÉDaU kÉkIs ¥¡ n0t mÉmi]

[lVvz fIl0s0f|] [p1rs| bIS SEl|] [R0dZHr kwIltHr]

p. 239

Historic RP

[sp ÒFÔR\ÏNÒIÔ DH sÉswit spÒFÔR\ÏNÒIÔ]

[Iz ¥¡ DH ÒiÔjIHrz p(H)lEzHnt kÉkINÒIÔ]

[DEn b(H)lumz ¥ itS TÉTINÒIÔ]

[DEn ¥¡ mÉmeIdz dÉdAns ¥ In ¥ H ÒFÔR\ÏNÒIÔ]

[kÉkoUld\ ¥ dVT ¥¡ nÉn0t sÉstINÒIÔ]

[DH pR\Ït| bÉb1rdz du sÉsINÒIÔ]

[kUkÉku dZVg\ ¥ dZVgÒIÔ puwi tu’wItH’wu]

[DH pÉpAm ¥ }nd mÉmeI]

[meIk\ ¥ kÉkVntR| hÉhAUzIz gÉgeI]

[lÉl}mz ¥¡ fR\Ïsk ¥ }nd pleI]

[DH SÉSEpHrd pÉpaIps ¥ C7l dÉdeI]

[’}nd wi hÒçÔIHr ’eI bÉb1rdz]

[tÒiÔjun DIs mÉmEr| lÉleI]

[DH fÉfildz bR\ïD ¥¡ sÉsÒuÔwit]

[DH dÉdeIz|z kÉkIs ¥ AUHr fÉfit]

Exercise Guide

[ÒiÔjVN ¥¡ lÉlVvHrz ¥¡ mÉmit]

[’oUld ÒuÔwaIvz ¥ H sÉsVnIN ¥¡ sÉsIt]

[’In ’EvR| stÒFÔR\(¨)it]

[Diz tÒiÔjunz ¥ AUHr ’IHrz du gR\ït]

[spÒFÔR\ÏNÒIÔ DH swit spÒFÔR\ÏNÒIÔ]

[spRIN] [t0mHs n}S] [aIvHr g1rn|]

p. 239

Modern RP

[WEn fÉfISHz ¥¡ fÉflu }nd fÉf0RHsts ÒuÔwC7kt]

[}nd fÉfIgz gÒFÔRu Hp0n ¥¡ TÉTC7HrnÒIÔ]

[sVm ¥¡ mÉmoUmHnt WEn ¥¡ DH mÉmun w0z bÉblVdÒIÔ]

[DEn ¥¡ SUHrl| ’aI w0z bÉbC7HrnÒIÔ]

[wID ¥¡ mÉm0nstRHs ¥¡ hÉhEd ¥ }nd sÉsIknIN kÒFÔRaI]

[}nd ’IHrz ¥¡ laIk ’ERHnt ÒuÔwINzÒIÔ]

[DU dÉdEvIlz ÒuÔwC7kIN pÉp}RHd|]

[0n ’C7l fC7Hr fÉfUtId TÉTINzÒIÔ]

[DH tÉt}tHrd ’AUtlC7 0v Di ’1rT]

[0v ’eInSHnt kÒFÔRUkId ÒuÔwIlÒIÔ]

[sÉstAHrvÒIÔ sÉsk1rdZÒIÔ dIraId mi]

[’aI }m dÉdVmÒIÔ aI kÉkip maI sÉsikRIt sÉstIlÒIÔ]

[fÉfulzÒIÔ fC7Hr ’aI ’C7lsoU h}d maI ’AUHr]

[wVn ¥¡ fÉfAHr fÉfIHrs ’AUHr ÒRÔ ¥ }nd sÒuÔwit]

[DEHr w0z ¥ H SÉSaUt ¥ HbAUt maI ’IHrzÒIÔ]

[’}nd pÉpAmz bIfC7Hr maI fÉfit]

[DH d0Nk|] dZi keI tSEstHrtHn] [RIbEkH klAHrk]

p. 240

Historic RP

[’In ¥¡ sÉsVmHrtaIm ¥ 0n bR/RidHnÒIÔ]

[DH bÉbElz ¥¡ DeI sÉsAUnd soU kÒHÔlIHr]

[RAUnd DH SÉSaIHrz ¥¥¡ DeI R/ÏN ¥¥¡ DEmÒIÔ]

[’In ¥¡ sÉstipHlz ¥¥¡ fAHr (r) ¥ }nd nÉnIHr]

[H hÉh}p| nÉnCIz tu hÒCÔIHr]

[hÒçÔIHr (r)¥ 0n ¥ H sÉsVndeI mÉmC7HrnINÒIÔ]

[maI lÉlVv ¥ }nd ¥ aI wUd lÉlaI]


[}nd sÉsi DH kÉkVlHrd kÉkAUnt|zÒIÔ]

[}nd hÒçÔIHr DU lÉlAHrks ¥¥¡ soU hÉhaI]

[HbÉbAUt ¥ Vs ’In ¥¡ DH sÉskaI]

[In sVmHrtaIm 0n bridHn] [’i ’eI hAUsmHn] [AHrTHr sVmHrvIl]

Chapter 15

#2 p. 249

[ask] [blast] [klasp] [dans]

[ansHr] [pas] [fast] [tR\(¨)ans]

[glas] [aftHr] [baT] [dImand]

[laf] [nast|] [baskIt] [kant]

[mastHr] [IgzampHl] [plant] [HdvantIdZ]

#4 p. 249

[so!ljuSHn] [o!fEns] [o!beI] [`R\Ëvo!ljuSHn]

[o!lIvIH] [o!pR\Ës] [pRo!djus] [pRo!fAUnd]

[po!lis] [pRo!sid] [o!fISHl] [do!mEstIk]

[o!pInjHn] [`0bso!lit] [o!v1rtl|] [o!keIZHn]

#1 p. 250

Use either the RP stress pattern or the AS stress pattern as appropriate.

MA with RP stress pattern MA with AS stress pattern

[!R\ËpHtHrR\r|] \ [!R\ËpHtR|] [!R\ËpH`tCr|]

[!dZ}njUHrR\r|] [!dZ}njUÈHrR\r|]

[!lEdZHndHrR\r|] \ [!lEdZHndR|] [!lEdZHn`dEHrR\r|]

[!tRIbjutHrR\r|] \ [!tRIbjutR|] [!tRIbju`tEHrR\r|]

[!CHrdInHrR\r|] \ [!CHrdInR|] [!CHrdI`nEHrR\r|]

[!vIZHnHrR\r|] \ [!vIZHnR|] [!vIZH`nEHrR\r|]

[!sEkRItHrr\R|] \ [!sEkRItR|] [!sEkRI`tEHrR\r|]

[!dIkSHnHrR\r|] \ [!dIkSHnR|] [!dIkSH`nEHrR\r|]]

[!0nHrR\rHrR\r|] \ [!0nHrR|] [!0nHr`R\rEHrR\r|]

[!R\äzbHrR\r|] \ [R\äzbR|] [!R\äz`bEHrR\r|]

[!kR\¨}nbHrR\r|] \ [!kR\¨}nbR|] [!kR\¨}n`bEHrR\r|]

[!fEbRHrR\r|] \ [!fEbR|] [!fEbRUÈHrR\r|]*

*“February” is often pronounced colloquially with a [j] in AS: [’fEbjUÈHrR|].

Exercise Guide

#2 p. 251

Historic MA

[noU lCNgHr mCHrn fCHr mi WEn aI }m dEd]

[DEn ju S}l hIHr DH s1rl| sVlHn bEl]

[gIv wCHrnIN tU DH w1rld D}t aI }m flEd]

[fR0m DIs vaIl w1rld wID vaIlHst w1rmz tU dwEl]

[neI If ju R\ïd DIs laIn RImEmbHr n0t]

[DH h}nd D}t R\Ït It fCHr ÒrÔ ¥ aI lVv ju soU]

[D}t aI In jCHr swit TCts wUd bi fCHrg0t]

[If TINkIN 0n mi DEn SUd meIk ju woU]

[oU If aI seI ju lUk Hp0n DIs v1rs]

[WEn aI pHrh}ps kHmpAUndHd }m wIT kleI]

[du n0t soU mVtS }z maI pUHr neIm RIh1rs]

[bVt lEt jCHr lVv ivHn wID maI laIf dIkeI]

[lEst DH waIz w1rld SUd lUk Intu jCHr moUn]

[}nd m0k ju wID mi aftHr ÒrÔ ¥ }I }m g0n]

[s0nHt sEvHnt| wVn] [wIljHm SeIkspIHr]

Note: From now on the texts are fully treated.

#3 p. 251

Modern MA

[noU ÒuÔw1rd fR0m tÉt0mÒIÔ]

[h}z ¥¡ lÉlVv ¥¡ noU vÉvCIs]

[k}n ¥¡ lÉlVv ¥¡ n0t kÉkip ¥]

[H mÉmeItaIm ¥¡ vÉvAU In ¥¡ sÉsIt|z]

[fÉfeIdz ¥ It ¥ }z ¥ H ÒFÔRoUz]

[kÉkVt fCHr ÒRÔ ¥ H ÒFÔRItS dIspÒHÔleI]

[fCHrgÉg0t bVt nÉnoU tu ÒuÔwip ¥ Iz ¥¡ nÉn0t ¥ InÉnVf]

[hi nÉnidz ¥¡ maI hÉhElp]

[lÉlVv ¥¡ hÒçÔIHrzÒ0Ô lÉlVv ¥¡ nÉnoUzÒIÔ]

[lÉlVv ’ansHrz ¥¡ hIm ¥ HkR0s ¥¡ DH sÉsaIlHnt mÉmaIlzÒIÔ]

[}nd gÉgoUzÒIÔ]


[kÒuÔwaIEtl| nÉnaIt]

[’oU fÉfaInd hIm ¥ }nd kHÒFÔREs]

[}nd mÉmeI DAU kÒuÔwaIHt fÉfaInd hIz ¥¡ hÉhAHrt]

[’ClDoU It bi ’VnkÉkaIndÒIÔ]

[nÉnCHr mÉmeI Its bÉbit kHnfÉfEs]

[’ClDoU aI ÒuÔwip]

[’It noUz ¥ 0v ¥¡ lÉloUnl|nEs]

[gÉgaId mi ’oU mÉmunÒIÔ]

[tÉtSeIstl| WEn ¥ aI dIpÉpAHrt]

[}nd ÒuÔwCHrml| bÉbi DH sÉseImÒIÔ]

[hi ÒuÔw0tSHz wIDAUt gÒFÔRif ’CHr SÉSeImÒIÔ]

[It kÉk}nnÉ0t bÉbi DAU ÒwÔ¥ AHrt]

[H kÉkoUldHr mÉmunÒIÔ]

[Hp0n ¥ H kÉkoUldHr hÉhAHrt]

[}n tRu lVvz ARiH] [DH ReIks pR0gREs] [CdHn] [stRHvInsk|]

p. 252

Modern MA

[lÉlVvÒIÔ tu fÉfRikwHntl| bItÒFÔReIdÒIÔ]

[fCHr sVm pÒHÔlCzIbHl dIzÉzaIHr]

[’CHr DH ÒuÔw1rldz ¥ IntSantHd fÉfaIHr]

[sÉstIl DaI tÉtReItHr ÒRÔ ¥ In hIz ¥¡ sÉslip]

[RInÒiÔjuz ¥¡ DH vÉvAU hi dId nÉn0t kÉkip]

[ÒuÔwipINÒIÔ ÒuÔwipINÒIÔ]

[hi nÉnilz bIfÉfCHr DaI ÒuÔwundId SÉSeIdÒIÔ]

[lÉlVvÒIÔ maI sÉs0RoU }nd maI SÉSeImÒIÔ]

[DoU DAU dÉdeIl| bi fCHrgÉg0t]

[gÉgCdEs ’oU fCHrgÉgEt mi nÉn0t]

[lEst ¥ aI pÉpERIS ’oU bi nÉnaI]

[In ¥¡ maI dÉdAHrkHst ’AUHr D}t ’aI]

[dÉdaIINÒIÔ dÉdaIINÒIÔ]

[meI kÉkCl ¥ Hp0n ¥¡ DaI sÉseIkRId nÉneImÒIÔ]

[t0m ReIkwElz ARIH]

[DH ReIks pR0gREs] [CdHn] [stRHvInsk|]

Exercise Guide

p. 252

Historic MA

[’It ¥ Iz ¥ InÉnVf]

[’oU lÉlCHrd nAU tÉteIk ¥ HÒuÔweI maI lÉlaIf]

[fCHr (r) ¥ aI }m ¥¡ nÉn0t bÉbEtHr D}n ¥¡ maI fÉfADHrzÒIÔ]

[’aI dIzÉzaIHr tu lÉlIv ¥¡ noU lÉlCNgHr]

[nÉnAU lEt mi dÉdaI]

[fCHr maI dÉdeIz ¥ AHr bVt vÉv}nIt|]

[’aI h}v bÉbIn vEr| dÉdZElHs ¥¡ fCHr DH lÉlCHrdÒIÔ]

[fCHr DH lÉlCHrd gÉg0d ¥ 0v ¥¡ hÉhoUsts]

[’}nd ’aI ’ivHn ’aI ’oUnl| }m ¥¡ lÉlEft]

[’}nd DeI sÉsik maI lÉlaIf]

[tu tÉteIk ¥ It ¥ HÒuÔweI]

[’It ’Iz ¥ InÉnVf]


p. 253

Historic MA

[ÒuÔwoU Vntu DÉDEm ¥¡ hu fCHrsÉseIk hÒçÔImÒIÔ]

[dIstR\(¨)VkSHn ¥¡ S}l ¥¡ fÉfCl ¥ HpÉp0n ¥¡ DEmÒIÔ]

[fCHr DÉDeI h}v tRanzgR\Ëst ¥ HgÉgEnst hÒçÔImÒIÔ]

[DoU DÉDeI AHr baI hÒçÔIm RIdÉdImEdÒIÔ]

[ÒiÔjEt DeI h}v ¥¡ sÉspoUkHn ¥¡ fÉfClsl| HgÉgEnst hÒçÔImÒIÔ]

[’ivHn ¥¡ fR0m ¥¡ hÒçÔIm ¥¡ h}v ¥¡ DeI fÉflEdÒIÔ]


p. 253

Historic MA

[’oU ’aIsIs ¥ }nd ¥ osÉsaIrIs ¥¡ hÒçÔIHr mi]

[’}nd gR\änt jCHr gR\ëIs tu DÉDIs ¥¡ nÒiÔju pÉpEHr]

[ÒiÔju hu pRotÉtEkt ’itS ÒuÔw0ndRIN ¥¡ stÒFÔR\(¨)eIndZHr]

[SÉSild DEm ¥ In dÉdeIndZHr (r) ¥ }nd\ ¥ dIspÉpEHr]*

[mÉmeI wi wID dÉdZCI }z ¥¡ vÉvIktHrz ¥¡ nÉneIm ¥¡ DEmÒIÔ]

[bVt ’If DeI fÉfeIlÒIÔ }nd\ ¥ dÉdET* SUd kÒHÔleIm DEmÒIÔ]


[DÉDEn ¥¡ fCHr DEHr vÉv1rtSu tÒFÔR\(¨)uT ¥ }nd lÉlVvÒIÔ]

[lÉlid DEm tu dÒuÔwEl wID ÒiÔju HbÉbVvÒIÔ]

[sHrAstRoUz ARIH] [DH m}dZIk flut] [moUtsAHrt] [}ndRu pCHrtHr]

*If sung at an extremely slow tempo, the implosion should not be used and both the final and initial conso-nants will need to be sounded.

p. 253

Historic MA

[bIhÉhoUldÒIÔ ’aI tÉtEl ju H mÉmIstHrr|]

[wi S}l ¥¡ nÉn0t ¥ Cl ¥¡ sÉslip]

[bVt wi SÉS}l bi tÉtSeIndZdÒIÔ]

[’In ¥ H mÉmoUmEnt]

[’In ¥¡ DH tÒuÔwINklIN ¥ 0v ¥ }n ’aI]

[’}t DH last tÒFÔR\(¨)VmpEt]

[DH tÒFÔR\(¨)VmpEt S}l ¥¡ sÉsAundÒIÔ]

[’}nd DH dÉdEd S}l bi R\ëIzdÒIÔ ]

[bi R\ëIzdÒIÔ ’In\Nk0R\¨VptIbHlÒIÔ]*

[’}nd ÒuÔwi S}l bi tÉtSeIndZdÒIÔ]

[fCHr DIs k0R\¨VptIbHl ¥¡ mVst pUt ¥ 0n ’In\Nk0R\¨VpSHnÒIÔ]*

[’}nd DIs ¥¡ mÉmCHrtHl ¥¡ mVst pUt ¥ 0n ’ImÉmCHrt}lIt|]

[mEsaIH] [h}ndHl]

*On very dramatic words like “incorruption,” rolled “r’s” may be used even though the “r” is between vowels.Also, “incorruption” may be pronounced as [In] or [IN].

p. 254

Historic MA

[’CHrfjHs wIT ¥¡ hIz ¥¡ lÒiÔjut meId\ ¥ tÒFÔR\(¨)izÒIÔ]

[’}nd DH mÉmAUntHn tÉt0ps ¥¡ D}t fÒFÔR\ïzÒiÔ]

[bÉbAU DHmsÉsElvz ¥¡ WEn ¥¡ hi dId sÉsINÒIÔ]

[tu hIz ¥¡ mÒiÔjuzIk pÒHÔlants ¥ }nd fÉflAUHrzÒIÔ]

[’EvHr spÒFÔR\¨VNÒIÔ ’}z ¥¡ sÉsVn ¥ }nd SÉSAUHrzÒIÔ]

[DEHr h}d mÉmeId ¥ H lÉlastIN ¥¡ spÒFÔR\ÏNÒIÔ]

[’EvR| TÉTIN ¥¡ D}t hÉh1rd hIm pÒHÔleI]

Exercise Guide

[’ivHn ¥¡ DH bÉbIloUz ¥ 0v ¥¡ DH sÉsi]

[hÉhVN ¥¡ DEHr hÉhEdz ¥ }nd DEn ¥¡ lÉleI bÉbaI]

[’In ¥¡ sÒuÔwit mÒiÔjuzIk ¥ Iz ¥¡ sVtS ’AHrt]

[kÉkIlIN kÉkEHr (r) ¥ }nd gÒFÔR\ïf ¥ 0v ¥¡ hÉhAHrt]

[fÉfCl ¥ HsÉslip’CHr hÒçÔIrINÒIÔ dÉdaI]

[CHrfjHs wIT hIz ljut] [wIljHm SeIkspIHr] [R}lf vCn wIljHmz]


Documents

Singing and Communicating in English - Exercise Guide