Singapore, 21 August, 2013 - Eatonpub/@seasia/@elec/documents/... · Pakistan-Sri Lanka Brunei Indonesia Japan ... (switchgear bus MVA upgrading, ATS upgrades, ... One 220/110 kV

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Eaton Oil and Gas Technology Day Singapore, 21 August, 2013


Eaton Oil & Gas Technology Day,

Singapore

Presentation Topics

EESS Organization and Value Offerings

Electrical System Modeling and Simulation in Oil & Gas

Industry

SINOPEC-BASF (BYC) Electrical Network Transient

Stability Study



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EESS APAC Footprint

Australia

New Zealand

Bangladesh

Bhutan

India

Nepal Pakistan

Sri Lanka Brunei

Indonesia

Japan

Laos

Malaysia

Myanmar

Philippines

Singapore

Taiwan

Thailand Vietnam

China

Hong Kong

Korea Rep

Macau

Mongolia

2013 EESS ANZ Headcount = 18

- Field Services

- Power Systems Engineering

- Automation & Access Control

- Aftermarket Life Extension

- Turnkey project / project

Management

2013 EESS India Headcount = 7

- Field Services


- Aftermarket Life Extension /

Retrofits / Modernization

- Turnkey Project / Project

Management

2013 EESS China Headcount = 14-16

- Field Services


- Automation

- Aftermarket Life Extension / Retrofits /

Modernization

- Turnkey Project / Project Management

2013 EESS SEA Headcount = 9

- Field Services

- Power Systems Engineering &

Automation

- Aftermarket Life Extension /

Retrofits / Modernization

- Turnkey Project / Project

Management



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EESS Scope and Value Offerings

• Start-up &

Commissioning

• Extended

Warranty

• Maintenance

Contracts (3-5 yrs)

• Testing &

General Field

Services (planned

and ad-hoc)

• Renewal Parts

• 24/7 Response

Field

Services

• MV Breaker

Replacement

• LV Breaker

Replacement

• MCC motor starter

buckets

replacements

• Equipment

Rebuild and

Reconditioning

• Retrofits,

Upgrades &

Modernization

(switchgear bus

MVA upgrading,

ATS upgrades, trip

system upgrades,

high resistance

grounding

systems)

Aftermarket

Life

Extension

• Power System

Design, Audits,

Consulting

• Safety Studies

(Arc-Flash

Analysis,

Short Circuit &

Coordination)

• Power Quality &

Reliability Studies

(Harmonics,

Transients,

Grounding)

• Power Flow Study

(Load Flow, PF

correction)

• Dynamic Study

(Transient

Stability, Motor

Starting)

Engineering

Services

• Engineer,

Procure &

Construct (EPC)

• Conceptual design

• Engineering

system studies

• Preparation of

equipment specs

• Project

Management

• Construction /

installation of the

equipment

• System start-up

• Performance

testing

• Operators Training

• Operation and

Maintenance

Turnkey

Projects

• Power Monitoring,

Management and

Control Systems

(PowerXpert,

Foreseer)

• Partial Discharge

Predictive

Diagnostic

Systems

(InsulGard

/ BushingGard)

• Remote

Monitoring

Monitoring

& Diagnostic

Systems

Solar

• Feasibility

Audits

• Engineering

• Commissioning

• Turnkey

Alternative

Energy



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EESS Value Prepositions



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EESS China Organization

EESS

China

Marketing

& Sales

Service

Coordination

Power System

Engineering

Field

Services

Power System

Automation

Diagnosis

Monitoring

Project

Management



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II. Electrical System Modeling and Simulation in Oil & Gas Industry

Complexity of Modern Electrical Systems in Oil & Gas Industry

Importance of Computer Models

Online Monitoring and Management Based on Computer Models

Creating, Validating, and Updating A Computer Model

Maintaining and Working with Computer Models

Safety Protection in Oil & Gas Industry Electrical Systems using Computer Models

Typical Oil & Gas Industry Electrical System Studies



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Complexity of a Modern Electrical Systems in Oil & Gas Industry

Including both generation and distribution

Generation usually several hundred megawatts (>100MW)

Provide full power for the plant and serve utility with surplus

Voltage level in transmission 15 kV to 70 kV (in US)

Numerous substations to distribute power to process units

Provides controls to numerous multi-thousand horsepower motors (HP > 1,000)



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Track System Changes

Due to the complexity, a very subtle change to the system can have adverse impact

As a consequence computer modeling to even a small change to the power system is essential to ensure system reliability

Failure to perform modeling for system addition may result in system unreliable

System stability margin may be lost



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Improve Equipment Maintenance

Computer modeling also used to ensure adequate maintenance

To help understand the burden placed on each component both in steady-state and in transient modes

Manufacturers suggest annual maintenance; however, critical equipment may need maintenance more often

Critical equipment can be identified by computer modeling



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Protect Equipment Accurately

Routine maintenance of lower voltage equipment can be facilitated by using computer modeling

Protection coordination curves can be generated

These curves are used by test technicians to perform maintenance

The process greatly simplifies preparation for maintenance

Insures more accurate maintenance because of the accurate data from computer modeling



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Provide Safety Protection

Arc flash study and personnel protection equipment (PPE) are mandatory by US code

Require computer modeling for short circuit analysis, relay and trip device curves and coordination, and detailed modeling of working environment conditions

Proper fault arc current incident energy can be calculated and required protection level can be decided at each working point

http://www.eaton.com/



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Prepare for Islanding Operation

Speed governor response

Frequency response

Load shedding

Voltage support

Special motor starting scheme



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Online Monitoring and Management Based on Computer Models

Large power system with local generation can be controlled with online computer based control system Greatly improve ability to dispatch power to the plant Learn system characteristics through online monitoring

Electrical engineers are able to better understand system deficiencies identified by computer modeling



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Creating, Validating, and Updating Computer Models

Initially created when the system was designed System was instrumented and large motors were started to compare starting time, in-rush current and voltage drop with the model Contracted consultants and engineering services will update the model for system expansions, modifications, etc. Model update should be completed under the management of plant engineers

Using professional service, such as Eaton EESS



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Maintaining and Working with Computer Models

Regular model maintenance is done by plant engineers

Designated personnel from engineering department maintains the model

Need to have at least 10 – 15 years of working experience to take the lead in model maintenance (average 5 – 25 years of experience for electrical engineers in US petrochemical industry)

Normal practice is to model motors > 50 HP and to model various over current protections – inverse, very inverse, voltage constrained, phase, natural, etc.



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Computer Models for Oil & Gas Industry Electrical Systems in US

Over 150 petrochemical refineries and plants in the United States (Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration)

All refineries associated with larger companies (i.e., BP, Exxon, Chevron, Shell, Valero) use computer software to do system modeling and studies



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Typical Oil & Gas Industry Electrical System Studies

Types of analysis by petrochemical refineries and plants include:

Load Flow Short Circuit Motor Acceleration / Reacceleration Protective Device Coordination / Selectivity Arc-Flash Evaluation Transformer Sizing Harmonics study and mitigation Dynamic and Transient Stability Machine Model Parameter Estimation User-Defined Dynamic Model Cable Ampacity Cable Sizing Online Power System Monitoring & Simulation Online Energy Management System Online Load Shedding …



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III. SINOPEC-BASF (BYC) Electrical Network Stability Study

A JV of SINOPEC (China) and BASF (Germany)

On-site generation plant has 4 generators - 3 GTG gas turbines (37 MW each) and 1 STG steam turbine (64 MW)

One 220/110 kV substation

110 kV buses are configured to generator bus and grid bus and the bus tie is the synchronizing point for parallel operation

Under normal operation, LDPE loads are connected to 110 kV grid bus and all other loads are powered by 110 kV generator bus

Power exchange between BYC network and grid is done through 110 kV bus tie 710

When BYC network is disconnected from the grid, all loads connected to the generator bus enter islanding mode and one of the generators is set to isochronous control and others in droop control



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BYC Electrical Network Computer Modeling

710



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BYC System Stability Study Scope of Work

Study objectives

Complete electrical network model

Analyze and compute maximum allowed power exchange between BYC and grid subject to transient stability constraint when BYC enters islanding mode

Perform other systematic transient stability studies to BYC system

Search system transient stability margin

Study and validate low frequency load shedding schemes



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BYC System Transient Stability Study

Complete system model

Based BYC provided data, verify, correct and/or enter steady state load, motor, motor load, generator, generator control, transformer, cable, circuit breaker, capacitor bank, harmonic filter and all other parameters

Upgrade the system model for “As Designed” to “As Build”



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Validate the model and establish a base case

Compare model load flow results with

Average values

Online SCADA record

Validate and verify the model and establish a base load flow case



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Build and validate all dynamic models:

Generator model

Generator excitation control model

Generator prime mover and speed control model

Generator power system stability (PSS) model

Large synchronous and induction motor dynamic model

Motor mechanical load model

Synchronous motor excitation control model



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Transient stability scenario selection:

Hundreds of generation, loading, connection,

disturbance, and operation combinations

Need knowledge to power system transients,

engineering analysis practice, and understanding of

real system operation



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Generation and load demand



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System operation configuration



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System faults and disturbances



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Final transient stability scenarios are composed of 30 cases which consider and include following conditions:

1. Number of operating generators

2. Parallel to the grid or in islanding mode

3. Electrical short-circuit

4. Generator trip

5. Start large motors

6. Tie breaker open/close

7. Separation from the grid



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Evaluate study results

Rotor angle stability

Critical fault clearing time

Acceleration time for motors

Voltage dip caused by motor acceleration

System frequency stability

System operating voltage level

Generator load-frequency control curve re-setting

Power exchange range between BYC and grid

Frequency control by load shedding

Other important factors and indices to system stability



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Sample Results of BYC System Transient Stability Study

Islanding mode, one generator tripping and load shedding (Scenario 10, Case TS 38_S)

Initial state in islanding mode; two GTS and one STG running

One GTG tripping. Shed ASU load (transfer to the grid bus). Study system frequency stability and generator rotor angle stability

After one generator trip, net generation is reduced to 90 MW, less than load demand

After ASU load shed (transfer) of 13.1 MW, generation still cannot meet load demand and frequency continues to decay

Causing under frequency relay protection to trip two other generators

Simulation indicates further load shedding is required to gain frequency stability



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Simulation results (Scenario 10, Case TS 38_S)



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Start large motor under islanding mode (Scenario 22, Case TS 52)

Initial condition islanding mode. All four generators operating

Start BCC 10.5 MW induction motor

Transient simulation indicates the motor can only be started with 0% loading (no load starting); otherwise, substantial voltage drops at system buses will interrupt operation of other motors

With 0% loading starting, voltage drops at the motor terminal reaches 37.3%, and the lowest voltage at 110 kV generator bus 95.5% and at 35 kV BCC bus 91.9%. The motor is able to be started within 6.3 seconds

Upstream transformer will undergo temporary overloading. Need to check and confirm transformer overloading protection relay setting



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Simulation results (Scenario 22, Case TS 52)



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Main Results of BYC System Transient Stability Study

Transient stability study results and main assessments



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Conclusions

Developed and validated BYC electrical network computer model. Upgraded system model from “As Design” to “As Operate”. Established base load flow case - a base line for all other studies. Developed and validated dynamic models for all dynamic components. created full list of scenarios based on operations and types of disturbances. Provided full understanding to current system status and stability margins. Pointed out several stability issues under normal and abnormal operations. Recommended solutions. Also approved operations that do not affect system stability. Set a foundation for BYC electrical engineers to resolve unstable operating conditions and to improve system stability and reliability.



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Meet EESS Value Prepositions



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Documents

Singapore, 21 August, 2013 - Eatonpub/@seasia/@elec/documents/... · Pakistan-Sri Lanka Brunei Indonesia Japan ... (switchgear bus MVA upgrading, ATS upgrades, ... One 220/110 kV