Simulazione: progettazione basata sulle prestazioni Drivers of Change Cards ... Energy loads of equipment, ... Force resultants Bending moments, Shear, Torsion, Buckling modes Deformation,

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Realtime synthetic environments

Simulazione: progettazionebasata sulle prestazioni

Alvise SimondettiAssociate

Arup Londra

BuildUP2007.02.07Milano, Italia

who am i?how does it fit?what is foresight?Drivers of ChangeUrbanisationPerformance Based DesignRealtime: synthetic environments

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Personal

ItalyArchitecture

Urban designAga Khan conservation Zanzibar

MIT design and computation

Remote collaborationHKPolyU

CAD/CAM, RPImmersive VR

VR in early stages of designParametric and associative

Virtual construction

Herzog and de Meuron Architects

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Virtual Construction: meeting fixed opening date


Photography Ben McMillan

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Virtual construction - 3D scripting - Aquatic Centre – Beijing 2008

PTW Architects

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demo


demo


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Virtual construction – dynamic façade – Seoul 2005

Context: Arup a network perspective

multidisciplinary consultancyin 3 time zones

between 7000/8000 people owned by its employees

> 1/2 business is non buildings

foresight innovation incubationVirtual Design skills network

performance based design

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9-Feb-07 Chris Luebkeman - Director ARD

[don’t know]2

Most leaders are informed about the businesses they know so that they can take informed actions.

take action

knowwho am i?how does it fit?what is foresight?


[don’t know]2


Quite often leaders also know what they don't know so that they can monitor, observe, research etc. to inform themselves.

researchobserve

monitor take action

know wedon’t know

know

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[don’t know]2


Quite often leaders also know what they don't know so that they can monitor, observe, research etc. to inform themselves.

However, leaders usually don't know what they don't know……..this is where we act.

learning journeys

scenarios

scanning

don’t know wedon’t know

researchobserve

monitor take action

know wedon’t know

know

the drivers of change

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S ocialT echnologicalEc onomicEn vironmentalP olitical

What are the key external driving

forces that will be important in the next 10 years?

Zurich. 2005.06.07

aging population S wealth distributionconvergence T convergencewealth distribution Ec debtfuel/energy En fuel/energyintegration P polarization

Seattle. 2005.05.18

the driving forces of change

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Hong Kong. 2005.04.23

changing demographics S aging populationnew fuel T ageless populationChina Ec globalizationresource depletion En resource depletionChina P regional instability

Melbourne. 2004.07.06


current global summary

demographic change Social convergence Technological

ChIndia Economic resource depletion Environmental

lack of vision Political


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There is no such thing as a singular global context!

demographic change Social convergence Technological

ChIndia Economic resource depletion Environmental

lack of vision Political

How much do you know about them? REALLY….!?

drivers of change: urbanisation

Urbanisation Drivers of Change Cards

Set of 25 cards, 5 topics for each of the following:

• Social

• Technological

• Economic

• Environmental

• Political

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Dongtan is not intended to be a demonstrator of imported technology or ideas. It will represent the Chinese understanding

of sustainability within the context of China’s developing economy and unique natural and cultural environment

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8,400 hectares

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B A L A N C E D E N V I R O N M E N T

Long term design strategies

40 %U R B AN A R E A

60 %NON URBAN AREA

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Key Benefit 2 – SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFIT

Sustainable Eco-city 80,000 residents 15,000 visitors daily 51,000 jobs

Conventional Approach City 50,000 residents 19,000 jobs

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT-REFERENCE AND COMPARISON CITIES

-1.00

-

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

Shanghai

gha.

/cap

Capital InvestmentGovernmentExportsServicesGoodsMobilityHousingFood

= 5.83 gha / capita

-

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

Santia

go

Beijing

Tokyo

Lond

on

Shang

hai

Toronto

New York

Houston

EF

(gha

./cap

)

OtherServicesGoodsMobilityHousingFood

Reference (Shanghai) Comparison cities

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ZERO-EMISSION CITIES

Performance Based Design – risk assessment

rare eventevery 100 years

extremely rare eventevery 400 years

recurrentevent

every 40 years

business continuity

near collapse

life safety

rare eventevery 100 years

extremely rare eventevery 400 years

recurrentevent

every 40 years

business continuity

near collapse

life safety

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physical testing (burning the rules). We have always been doing this…

HACTL, Chep Lap Kok, Hong Kong

digital testing: validating analytical tools for predicting performance

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Which disciplines in Arup currently use simulation:

Spatial (spaces and objects)Acoustical LightingComposite material performanceBuilding Mechanical SystemsDynamic crowd simulationFluid dynamics - movement and temperature distributionEnergy, Thermal and ComfortConstruction sequencesTerrains and Landscape ModellingGeotechnic structuresGround behaviour and ground/structure interactionUnderground structures such as tunnels / cavernsGeographical Distribution of Data / including 3D distributionlogistics and manufacturingComposite materialspeople movementSeismic performance of structuresStructure vibration and failureImpact and Blast performanceStructures in case of firetraffic simulation vertical transportation

the scope of these representations…………Sound (audible vibration in the air), Vibration (tactile vibration perceived through touch) Sound clarity, RT Reverberation Time, EDT early decay time, Sound concentration, Sound scattering, Sound diffusion, Surface absorption, Ray incidence, Sound absorption coefficients of surfaces, Frequency dependent, Visual approximation of sound diffusion in 2D, Visual approximation of sound diffusion in 3D, architectural design intent, air speed (magnitude), air velocity (vector), Air temperature, Pressure Distribution (isosurfaces –smoke progression), Contaminants concentration (eg. CO2, O2, smoke), Concentration of scalar (ie. pollutants), Turbulent energy, Turbolent energy dissipation rate, Mass flux, Fluid-structure interaction, tank sloshing, construction cycle, Geotechnical staged construction, Loads and load paths during construction, Cable installation and pre-stressing loads, Fabrication and installation sequence, Energy Loads of People, Energy loads of equipment, Energy loads due to conduction, Energy loads due to infiltration, Surface Temperature, Radiant temperatures, Temperature within buildings, Moisture within buildings, Transmitted solar radiation,Absorbed solar radiation, Reflected solar radiation PPD percentage of people dissatisfaction, PMU predicted mean vote, Temperatures within Building Elements, Boiler size, Distribution systems, rock types, static and dynamic soil performance and soil-structure interaction, Geographical Distribution of Data., Interaction of Geographical Data, Population studies, Demographic Analysis, Patronage Studies., Visual Impact Assessments, Traffic Flow networks, Asset Management Systems, Facility Management Systems., Ecology and Habitat Studies, Natural Hazard Studies, Seismic Studies, Environmental Impact Analysis, Remote Sensing, Drainage Impact Studies, Building Management Systems, Weather data, Building performance data, Monitoring data, Office locations, People and networks within organizations, Web logs, Vehicle crash analysis including interactions with people, seatbelts, airbags, crash barrier, parapet design and assessments, aircraft impact into structures, foundations, Impact simulation for nuclear transportation containers, blast effects and development of blast-proof facades, floor compartments, blast walls, Illuminance (LUX), Uniformity of Light, Glare, Solar incidence on surface, Manufacturing line throughput, Baggage handling throughput, Modular housing factory, Mass customisation and agile production systems, Transient Evacuation, Pedestrian Movements, Evacuation routes, Bottlenecks, Use of exits, Pedestrian accessibility modelling, pore water pressure generation and dissipation in soil, Non-linear time history seismic simulation of Soils ( including site response analysis), Structures (buildings, bridges, offshore, maritime, chimneys, industrial), Tanks and contained fluids, Seismic isolators and energy dissipating devices, Cross section structural analysis of reinforced concrete structures (includingcracking), Joint design, Structure detail layout, 3D Structure layout (nodes & beam/elements), Structure loading, Weight and cost optimisation, Load path, Stresses, Stress path (optimisation of stress path through defined “channels”), Force resultants Bending moments, Shear, Torsion, Buckling modes Deformation, Contact, interactions and non-linear effects, Ground Structure Interaction, Strain Energy Density, Mode shapes and frequencies, Transient and steady state dynamic response due to human, machine and other forms of excitation, Coupled vehicle-bridge simulation including vibration caused by surface roughness, Time history analysis of 3-d response of structures to fluctuating wind pressures from wind tunnel tests, Simulation of ground-borne vibration and structure-borne noise from train passage, Evaluation of performance of mitigation measures including TMDs, viscous dampers, viscous-elastic materials, isolation, Mitigation product development (tuned slosh dampers, constrained layer dampers), Simulation of failure mechanisms including dynamic effects, structural components to determine ultimate capacity and static/ dynamic non-linear force-deformation characteristics, Coupled thermal-mechanical analysis of structures in fire, Non-linear ultimate performance simulation in 2D and 3D, Regional Network Density of traffic flow, Junctions simulation with traffic lights, area wide simulation of vehicle in 3D, congestion, queues generation, Move vehicle around a yard, Swept path analysis, simulation of processes through the airport, Curb site modelling (taxis arriving at airport), People Capacity assessment, Congestion, Pedestrian movement simulation, Vertical Transportation Passenger Waiting Times, Passenger Transit Times, Handling Capacity , Interval, Evacuation by elevator in case of fire, Evacuation in case in case of imminent catastrophic event, Evacuation by stairs and elevators in case of imminent catastrophic event.

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Evacuation Performance: Hockey Turin 2006 available safe egress time

Local Area Traffic Performance

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3D Simulation – Air Quality Assessment

3D Simulation – Air Quality Assessment

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3D Simulation – Dongtan - Wind Assessment

However this simulation is discipline by discipline……

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Multi-disciplinary: Firenze TAV station

Intellivox Source with Acoustic Treatment

Omni-directionalSource Untreated

Multi-Disciplinary: Firenze TAV station

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However all this simulation is for specialists only …

Realtime Synthetic Environments Game engine virtual reality

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1998 - Immersive VR

1998 - Immersive VR

• Specialised user• Specialised software• Temperamental• Specialized hardware

• GBP 1,000,000

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Games Graphics

Presenting design to users, planning & public exhibition

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Grazie

Documents

Simulazione: progettazione basata sulle prestazioni Drivers of Change Cards ... Energy loads of equipment, ... Force resultants Bending moments, Shear, Torsion, Buckling modes Deformation,