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Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass
gasification using Aspen Plus®
M. Puig-Gamero, J. Argudo-Santamaria, J. L. Valverde, P. Sanchez, and L. Sanchez-Silva
6th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management
(NAXOS 2018)
Naxos Island, 15th June 2018
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
1
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Renewable Energies
Problems derived from their use
Fossil fuelsEnergy demand
Disadvantages Advantages
4
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
BIOMASS
“All organic material including trees, crops, algae and residues which are susceptible to be converted into energy”
Types of biomass
Pine bark
5
Second-generation biomass
First-generation biomass
Third-generation biomass
Fourth-generation biomass
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Uses of syngas
• Methanation
• Fischer-Tropsch
• Methanol synthesis
• Intermedies (Toluene, isobutane)
Energy conversion of biomass
Thermochemical process
Biochemical process
• Pyrolysis
• Combustion
• Gasification
• Licuefaction
• Alcoholic fermentation
• Anaerobic digestion
6
Syngas
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
7
Gasification can be defined as the conversion of biomass into a gaseous fuelby heating in a partial oxidation atmosphere
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Biomass Gasifying agent(steam)
Syngas(CO, H2, CO2, CH4)
Water Gas: ⇌
Water gas shift: ⇋
Steam reforming: ⇌ 3
Boudouard: ⇌ 2
Tar forming: 6 9 ⇌ 6
Reactions involved in gasification process:
8
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Methanol synthesis
2 ⇌
3 ⇌
Low conversion
Catalys: Cu/ZnO
Reactions
2,1
2,4 2,5
0,13 0,14
Syngas composition:
Syngas
• CO
• H2
• CO2
• CH4
• Traces
Feedstock
9
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
• Blocks
• Streams
• Design specifications, codes
Aspen Plus®
Simulation process
Pilot plant
Pilot plant
SPEED
PRICEThe main objetive of this research was the simulationof three integrated process: pine gasification, syngascleaning and metanol synthesis using Aspen Plus®
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
10
TABLE OF CONTENTS
11
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Syngas purification
R-1SEP-2
R-3
MIXER-1R-2
PSA1
SEP-3
PSA2V-1
PSA3
PSA4
MIXER-3
SPLIT-1
C-2
C-3
MIXER-2
SPLIT-2
COOLER-1
MIXER-4
R-5
SEP-1
R-4
V-2
V-3
V-4
V-5
SEP-4C-1
C-4
R-6HEATX-1
HEATX-2
V-6METSEP
1
11
10
4 16
22
25
18
17
24
27
26
29
30
34
36
4541
42
47
23
4039
33
32
50
38
2
7
3
5
12 15
28
3137
35
19 21
20
46
48
9
86
14 13
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
49
52
53
Gasification process
Methanol synthesis
Aspen Plus® flowsheet process
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
12
TABLE OF CONTENTS
13
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Gasification process
R-1SEP-2
R-3
MIXER-1R-2 SEP-3
R-5
SEP-1
R-4
HEATX-1
HEATX-2
1
11
10
4 16 18
17
2
7
3
5
12 15
9
86
14 13
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
Thermodynamic equilibrium model (reaction kinetics are unknown)
14
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
R-1SEP-2
R-3
MIXER-1R-2 SEP-3
R-5
SEP-1
R-4
HEATX-1
HEATX-2
1
11
10
4 16 18
17
2
7
3
5
12 15
9
86
14 13
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
R-1 (RYIELD): Biomass pyrolysis reactor, it decomposedthe biomass into its compounds and ash.
R-2 (RGIBBS): It models chemical equilibriumminimizing the Gibss free energy. It was used to produceCO2, CO, CH4, H2S and NH3.
SEP-1: Separator of the amount of char necessary toachieve the gasification temperature.
Gasification process
15
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Gasification process
R-1SEP-2
R-3
MIXER-1R-2 SEP-3
R-5
SEP-1
R-4
HEATX-1
HEATX-2
1
11
10
4 16 18
17
2
7
3
5
12 15
9
86
14 13
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
R-5
Heatx-1
R-5 (RSTOIC): Char combustion reactor.
Heatx-1: Exchange heat between the outlet stream from R-5 and theair inlet stream.
Design specifications:1. Amount of char for combustion
2. Air flow
16
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
R-1SEP-2
R-3
MIXER-1R-2 SEP-3
R-5
SEP-1
R-4
HEATX-1
HEATX-2
1
11
10
4 16 18
17
2
7
3
5
12 15
9
86
14 13
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
R-3 R-4
Heatx-2
R-3 (RGIBBS): It simulated the gasifier.
R-4 (RSTOIC): It was used to model the tarreforming using Dolomite as a catalyst.
Heatx-2: Heater to warm up the gasifyingagent (water steam).
Gasification process
17
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
R-1SEP-2
R-3
MIXER-1R-2 SEP-3
R-5
SEP-1
R-4
HEATX-1
HEATX-2
1
11
10
4 16 18
17
2
7
3
5
12 15
9
86
14 13
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
The main blocks of gasification process were integratedenergy through Q-1, Q-2 and Q-3.
Energy requirements = 0
Gasification process
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
18
TABLE OF CONTENTS
19
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
PSA1
SEP-3
PSA2V-1
PSA3
PSA4
MIXER-3
SPLIT-1
C-2
C-3
MIXER-2
SPLIT-2 MIXER-4
V-2
V-3
V-4
V-5
SEP-4C-1
C-4
22
25
18
17
24
27
26
29
34
36
4541
42
23
4039
33
3238
28
3137
35
19 21
20
Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2,1 2,4 2,5 0,13 0,14
Specifications:
Temperature and pressure of adsorbers: 35 ºC and 30 atm
PSA1
SEP-3
PSA2V-1
PSA3
PSA4
MIXER-3
SPLIT-1
C-2
C-3
MIXER-2
SPLIT-2 MIXER-4
V-2
V-3
V-4
V-5
SEP-4C-1
C-4
22
25
18
17
24
27
26
29
34
36
4541
42
23
4039
33
3238
28
3137
35
19 21
20
PSA1
Water
PSA2
MIXER-2
SPLIT-1
H2
CO
20
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
PSA1 separates the H2
PSA2 separates the CO
MIXER-2 mix the H2 and CO
SPLIT-1 separates the CO to achieve the H2/CO ratio
SEP-3 separates the char
SEP-4 separates the watercondensed
Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
21
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
PSA1
SEP-3
PSA2V-1
PSA3
PSA4
MIXER-3
SPLIT-1
C-2
C-3
MIXER-2
SPLIT-2 MIXER-4
V-2
V-3
V-4
V-5
SEP-4C-1
C-4
22
25
18
17
24
27
26
29
34
36
4541
42
23
4039
33
3238
28
3137
35
19 21
20
PSA3
PSA4
SPLIT-2
CO2
CH4
PSA3 separates the CO2
PSA4 separates the CH4
Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
22
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MIXER-3
COOLER-1C-4
R-6
V-6METSEP45
47 50
46
49
53
23
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
R-6 simulates the metanol synthesis
2 ⇌ 3 ⇌
Catalyst: Cu/ZnO
METSEP separates the crude methanol, gas-phase and impurities
METHANOL
Methanol synthesis process
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
24
TABLE OF CONTENTS
25
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Model validation
Compound Experimental composition * (vol.% db)
Predicted composition(vol.% db)
H2 45-55 57
CO 21-25 20
CO2 18-22 18
CH4 2-4 2,2
*(British Columbia University)
Condicions: Temperature: 831ºC
Pressure: 1 atm
Biomass:
Wood pellets
Error: 5-7 %
26
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Effect of the S/B mass ratio on the syngas composition
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.00
20
40
60
80 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
H2 (v
ol.%
dry
bas
is)
S/B (ratio)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0
20
40
60
80
800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
CO
2 (vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
S/B (ratio)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
CH
4 (vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
S/B (ratio)
a)
c) d)
b)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.00
20
40
60
80
800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
CO
(vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
S/B (ratio)
S/B mass ratio S/B mass ratio
S/B mass ratio S/B mass ratio
H2 CO
CO2 CH4
27
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Effect of the S/B mass ratio on the syngas composition
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.00
20
40
60
80 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
H2 (v
ol.%
dry
bas
is)
S/B (ratio)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0
20
40
60
80
800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
CO
2 (vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
S/B (ratio)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
CH
4 (vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
S/B (ratio)
a)
c) d)
b)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.00
20
40
60
80
800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
CO
(vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
S/B (ratio)
S/B mass ratio S/B mass ratio
S/B mass ratio S/B mass ratio
H2 CO
CO2 CH4
H2 y CO2
CO y CH4
Water Gas: ⇌
Water gas shift: ⇋
Steam reforming: ⇌ 3
Boudouard: ⇌ 2
Tar forming: 6 9 ⇌ 6
28
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Effect of the S/B mass ratio on the syngas composition
0.6 0.8 1.01.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
H2/C
O m
ole
ratio
S/B mass ratio
0,9
H2/CO = 2,4
e)
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.00
20
40
60
80 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
C6H
6 (vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
S/B (ratio)
S/B mass ratio
C6H6
6 9 ⇌ 6
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.00
10
20
30
40
50 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
CH
3OH
(kg/
h)
S/B mass ratio
CH3OH
S/B = 0,9
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Effect of gasification temperature
800 900 10000
20
40
60
80 H2
CO CO2
CH4
C6H6
CH
3OH
yie
ld (k
g/h)
Gas
com
posi
tion
(vol
.% d
ry b
asis
)
Temperature (ºC)
0
10
20
30
40
50
CH3OH
H2, CO and CH3OH
CO2, CH4 and C6H6
0.6 0.8 1.01.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5 800 ºC 900 ºC 1000 ºC
H2/C
O m
ole
ratio
S/B mass ratio
29
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Effect of gasification temperature
H2, CO and CH3OH
CO2, CH4 and C6H6
Water Gas: ⇌
Steam reforming: ⇌ 3
Boudouard: ⇌ 2
Water gas shift: ⇋
Tar forming: 6 9 ⇌ 6
Temperature = 900ºC
Endothermics
Exothermics
30
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
31
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Methanol synthesis: validation
Stoichiometricreactor
Equilibriumreactor
% Error
CH3OH (kg/h) 16.5 15.4 7.1
40 50 60 70 800
10
20
30
40
50 220 ºC 240 ºC 260 ºC
CH
3OH
pro
duct
ion
(kg/
h)
Pressure (atm)
Pressure and temperature influence on metanol production
Working at high pressures:
• Operational risks
• High costs
• Human danger
Industrial plants 55 atm
CH3OH Pressure
33
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
P= 55 atm
9 kg/h
Optimal conditions for metanol synthesis : 55 atm
220 ºC
- At high temperatures, the catalyst can be damaged.
- At low temperatures can reduce the reaction rate
Pressure and temperatura influence on metanol production
CH3OH Temperature32 kg/h
34
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
34
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Capture and gas emissions
Emis
ión
de g
ases
(K
g/h)
Capture:
80% CO2
95% CH4
CO2 produced from thecombustión chamber
Low NH3 and H2S emission
36
1. Introduction
2. Aspen Plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
2.2. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4. Optimal process improvement
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
36
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Optimal process improvement
Cau
dal m
ásic
o (K
g/h)
Cau
dal m
ásic
o (K
g/h)
Char to combustion chamber: 40% 10%.
C available CO methanol.
CO CO2 CO2capture
Combustion chamber:H2 reacted with O2 to produce H2O and decrease CO2 formation.
NH3 and H2S were kept
38
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Final simulation
Syngas cleaning
R-1SEP-2
R-3
MIXER-1R-2
PSA1
SEP-3
PSA2V-1
PSA3
PSA4
MIXER-3
SPLIT-1
C-2
C-3
MIXER-2
SPLIT-2
COOLER-1
MIXER-4
R-5
SEP-1
R-4
V-2
V-3
V-4
V-5
SEP-4C-1
C-4
R-6HEATX-1
HEATX-2
V-6METSEP
1
11
10
4 16
22
25
18
17
24
27
26
29
30
34
36
4541
42
47
23
4039
33
32
50
38
2
7
3
5
12 15
28
3137
35
19 21
20
46
48
9
86
14 13
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
49
52
53
Gasification process
Methanol synthesis
T = 220ºCP = 55 atm
T = 900ºCS/B mass ratio = 0.9
Recycle
39
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emmission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports for FPU grant
Acknowledgement
39
Authors acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports for FPU grant (FPU15/02653).
Thanks you very much for your attention!
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas obtained through biomass
gasification using Aspen Plus®M. Puig-Gamero, J. Argudo-Santamaria, J. L. Valverde, P. Sánchez, and L. Sanchez-Silva
6th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management
(NAXOS 2018)
Naxos Island, 15th June 2018
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
40
41
grant
Conclusions
- The gasification process was simulated using a thermodynamic equilibrium model which is based on the minimization of the
Gibbs free energy of the system. A double chamber gasifier, which allows the separation of the gasification and combustion
zones to obtain a high-quality gas, was considered. The influence of the steam to biomass (S/B) mass ratio and the temperature
on the gas product composition and methanol production was studied. The best calculated operational condition of the process
was 900ºC and a S/B mass ratio of 0.9.
- One of the main technical barriers for the syngas production is the presence of tar coming from the gasification process.
According to the simulation performed, tar production was hindered with increasing temperatures and steam flow rates.
Dolomite was used as the catalyst in the decomposition of tar due to its low cost.
- A pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process was considered to clean the syngas and simultaneously capture the greenhouse
gases. Therefore, about 80% of the CO2 and 95% of the CH4 were sequestered.
- Once the H2/CO molar ratio of the clean syngas was fitted, the methanol synthesis proceeded. Although the methanol production
is favoured at high pressures and low temperatures, a pressure of 55 atm was selected to avoid operational issues. Thus, 220ºC
and 55 atm were selected as the optimal operation conditions for the methanol synthesis.
- Finally, to improve the process yield, the methanol synthesis waste stream is recycled to the combustion chamber. With this
recycle, the carbon required to burn is reduced from 40 to 10%. Thus, there is a higher amount of carbon available to be used in
the gasification process. 42
42
Mineral content determination:
Proximate analysis:
Ultimate analysis:
Thermogravimetric analysis:
Mass spectrometric analysis:
Thermogravimetric analyzer TGA-DSC 1 (METTLER Toledo)
Mass spectrometer Thermostar-GSD 320/quadrupole mass analyzer(PFEIFFER VACUUM)
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) (Liberty Sequential. Varian)
Standard Procedure Volatile matter (VM): UNE-EN 15148Ash content (AC): UNE-EN 14775Moisture content (MC): UNE-EN 14774
Fixed Carbon*dab = 100 – (VM+AC+MC)*dab
CHNS/O analyzer (LECO CHNS-932)O*dab= 100-(C+H+N+S)*dab
RE
AC
TIN
G A
ND
G
AS
AN
ALY
SIS
UN
ITS
CH
AR
AC
CT
ER
IZAT
ION
Simulation of methanol synthesis from syngas
obtained through biomass gasification using Aspen Plus®
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aspen plus modelling
2.1. Gasification process
2.2. Syngas cleaning: Pressure
swing adsorption (PSA)
2.3. Methanol synthesis process
3. Results
3.1. Gasification simulation model
3.2. Methanol synthesis simulation
3.3. Gas emission
3.4.Optimal process improvement
Tar craking
TarC3H8, C6H6, C7H8, C8H8, C4H10, C6H12
Operating issues due to tar condensation
Primary process: Optimization of gasifier and operating conditions
Secondary process: Catalytic process. DOLOMITE
S/B= 0.6T = 800 ºC
→ 2 6 → 3 12
3 → 2
Removal
31