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SIMPOSIUM
SITING OF NEW NUCLEAR
POWER PLANTS AND
IRRADIATED FUEL FACILITIES
Operation and Construction Experience
of Brazilian Nuclear Power Plants
ELETROBRAS ELETRONUCLEAR
(Fernando Henning)
(DT)
• Company Introduction
• Plants in Operation: Angra 1 and 2
• Opportunity for Nuclear in the Electricity
Generation Matrix
• Angra 3
• New Buildings after Angra 3
Contents
MINISTRY OF
MINES AND ENERGY
ELETROBRAS (holding)
ELETRONUCLEAR
CONVENTIONAL UTILITIES
Furnas, Chesf, ...
MINISTRY OF
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BRAZILIAN NUCLEAR ENERGY
COMMISSION
CNEN
NUCLEAR FUEL INDUSTRY
INB
NUCLEAR HEAVY EQUIPMENT
NUCLEP
RESEARCH INSTITUTES IPEN, CDTN, IEN, IRD, CRCN
Brazilian Nuclear Industry Organization
GENERATION TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMERS
Concessionairies
• Industry
• Trade
• Residential
• Others
Company Actuation in the Electrical Sector
ELETRONUCLEAR Objectives
Design, build and operate nuclear
power plants according to high
standards of safety, efficiency and
social and environmental
responsibilities.
Develop the capability of Brazilian
industry and engineering companies
to provide supplies and services for
nuclear power plants.
Company Responsibilities
Organization Chart
President
P
Operation and
Commercialization Directorate
DO
Technical Directorate
DT
Administration and Finances
Directorate
DA
Planning, Management and
Environment Directorate
DG
Finance
Superintendence
SF.A
Purchasing and
Contract Control
Superintendence
SA.A
Human
Resources
Superintendence
SH.A
Operation
Coordination
Superintendence
SC.O
Angra 1
Superintendence
SU.O
Licensing and
Environment
Superintendence
SM.G
Planning
Superintendence
SP.G
Business
Management
Superintendence
SG.G
Quality
Superintendence
SQ.G
Support
Engineering
Superintendence
SO.T
Design
Engineering
Superintendence
SE.T
Fuel and Nuclear
Safety
Superintendence
SN.T
Construction
Superintendence
SC.T
Angra 2
Superintendence
SD.O
Maintenance
Superintendence
SM.O
Infrastructure
Superintendence
SI.A
Project
Management
Superintendence
SG.T
Angra 3
Superintendence
ST.O
Staff Number
Staff Number
Directorate Rio Angra Brasilia Total
Engineers Physicists Others Total Engineers Physicists Others Total Engineers Physicists Others Total Engineers Physicists Others Total
DT 195 15 112 322 75 0 73 148 0 0 0 0 270 15 185 470
DO 11 0 6 17 268 15 1150 1433 0 0 0 0 279 15 1156 1450
DA 20 0 282 302 2 0 151 153 0 0 0 0 22 0 433 455
DG 42 1 113 156 10 0 41 51 0 0 0 0 52 1 154 207
DP 7 0 84 91 0 0 12 12 0 0 5 5 7 0 101 108
Total 275 16 597 888 355 15 1427 1797 0 0 5 5 630 31 2029 2690
ANGRA 2
Power: 1.350 MW
Technology: Siemens/KWU
Operation: January/2001
ANGRA 1
Power: 640 MW
Technology: Westinghouse
Operation: January/1985
Admiral Álvaro Alberto Nuclear Power Station
ANGRA 3 1.405 MW
June 2018
Main Thermal
Power Plant in
Brazil
São Paulo
220km
Belo
Horizonte
350km
Rio de Janeiro
130km
CNAAA
Angra Nuclear Power Station
Safety and Environmental Protection
nenhum impacto
radiológico no meio
ambiente
no radiological impact to
environment
waste stored at
site according to
high safety and
environmental
standards
inspection by international
institutions
IAEA
personnel training
licensing and fiscalization about 40 years
reactor operation
Angra 1 + 2
More than 200 million MWh produced
Operation according to high safety and performance standards
Continuous improvement of performance indexes
Energia Bruta Gerada CNAAA (MWh)
15.644.25114.543.80712.975.088 16.040.791
2009 2010 2011 2012
Fator de Capacidade CNAAA
74,1% 83,1% 89,4% 91,6%
2009 2010 2011 2012
Power Station Performance
2009: SG replacement in Angra 1
6 million
inhabitants
Total Gross Energy Produced (MWh)
Total Capacity Factor
Angra 1 + 2
Operational Safety Record
INES Scale - IAEA
Eventos Escala INES
(todos Nível 0)
0
2
4
6
8
10
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Angra 1 Angra 2
• Report of safety related events
(according to CNEN-NE-1.14)
• No incidents, only deviations
without safety relevance
(INES scale level 0)
Reported Events per Year
(all INES “zero”) Angra 1 + 2
Upgrading and Replacement of Large Components
Design Improvements
I&C Modernization
Safety Improvements (including Fukushima Response Plan)
Ageing Management for Plant Lifetime Extension
Extension and Improvement of Waste Management Center
Spent Fuel Storage Facility Outside the Units
Investimento Realizado CNAAA
(R$ milhões, sem Angra 3)
110,0
164,5 172,8
129,6 131,1
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Investments
Annual Investments Angra 1 + 2
(R$ million) Angra 1 + 2
Investments in the Operating Plants
Plant Life Cycle Management Angra 1
1
2
3 5 7
6
1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 2045
9
LR Process
Preparation for LR
Extended Life
84
11
22
33 55 77
66
1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 2045
99
LR Process
Preparation for LR
Extended Life
84
1- Beginning of commercial operation
(1985, design for 40 years)
2- License for 30 years (1994)
3- First PSR (2004)
4- License for 14 years (2010) 5- Second PSR (2014)
6- Recommended deadline for LR
application (2019)
7- Third PSR (2024)
8- Expiration of current license (2024)
and beginning of extended life -
20 years
9- Expiration of renewed license (2044)
Angra 1
Keeping of Design Safety and Performance Levels
- Replacement of the RPV Closure Head and CRDM
- Mitigation of PWSCC in Dissimilar Metal Welds in RPV Nozzles (MSIP)
- Service Water System (Equipment and Piping Replacement)
- Liquid Radioactive Waste System (Replacement of the Evaporator Package)
- Replacement of the Main Transformers
- I&C Modernization (Advanced Digital Feedwater Level Control System, Digital Turbine
Control System, Radiation Monitoring System)
- Reactor Coolant Pump Shield Passive Thermal Shutdown Seal
- Monitoring of Civil Structures
- Assessments and Design Modifications for Severe Accidents
- Fukushima Response Plan
Power Uprating and Reduction in Outage Duration
- Modifications in the Secondary Circuit
- Replacement of Turbine Rotors and Upgrade of the Electrical Generator
- Improvements in Electrical Equipment
Life Extension
- License Renewal Process (Implementation of LTO Concepts)
- I&C Modernization
- Replacement and Refurbishment of Aged Equipment
Angra 1: Plant Life Cycle Management
Plant Life Cycle Management
Angra 2
1
2
3 4 5
6
1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20452000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
8
LR Process
Preparation for LR
Extended Life
7
11
22
33 44 55
66
1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20451985 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035 20452000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
88
LR Process
Preparation for LR
Extended Life
77
1- Beginning of commercial operation
(2001, design for 40 years)
2- License for 30 years (2011)
3- First PSR (2012)
4- Second PSR (2022)
5- Third PSR (2032)
6- Recommended deadline for LR
application (2036)
7- Expiration of current license (2041)
and beginning of extended life -
20 years
8- Expiration of renewed license (2061)
Angra 1
Angra 2: Plant Life Cycle Management
Keeping of Design Safety and Performance Levels
- Replacement of Heat Exchangers of the Conventional Closed Cooling System
- Improvement in Primary Circuit Bleed and Feed Capability
- RPV Level Instrumentation System
- Main Control Room Post Accident Filtering System
- Service Water System (equipment and piping replacement)
- I&C Modernization (Reactor Control System, Radiation Monitoring System, Neutron Flux
Measurement System, Electrical Generator Voltage Regulator)
- Monitoring of Civil Structures
- Assessments and Design Modifications for Severe Accidents
- Fukushima Response Plan
Power Uprating and Reduction in Outage Duration
- Modifications in the Turbines and in the Secondary Circuit
- Improvements in Electrical Equipment
- Substitution of the Original Reactor Coolant Pumps Seals by Hydrodynamic Seals
Life Extension
- License Renewal Process
- I&C Modernization
- Replacement and Refurbishment of Aged Equipment
Brazil Electricity Generation (Jan to Dec 2012)
Thermal Generation
23,09%
45,08%
11,04%12,74%
8,05%
Total Generation
85,90%
3,11%6,08%
1,72%1,49%
1,08%0,62%
Source: ANEEL
Top 15 World Electricity Generators (2010)
Source: EIA – US Energy Information Administration
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
South Africa
Mexico
Italy
Spain
United Kingdom
Korea, South
Brazil
France
Germany
Canada
India
Russia
Japan
China
United States
HYDRO NUCLEAR RENEWABLES THERMAL
Billion Kilowatts.hour
In a world electric generation
dominated by fossil fuels Brazil
is a unique example of
RENEWABILITY
Top 15 World Hydropower Generators (2010)
Source: EIA – US Energy Information Administration
18%
79%59%
6%
17%
95%
13%
8%
66%
45%
11%
100%
25%
18%
15%
0 500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500 4.000 4.500
Spain
Italy
Turkey
Paraguay
France
Sw eden
Venezuela
Japan
India
Norw ay
Russia
United States
Canada
Brazil
China
HYDRO NUCLEAR RENEWABLES THERMAL
Billion Kilowatts.hour
Only Norway and Paraguay
have a relative contribution of
hydropower greater than Brazil
Rio de Janeiro
Recife
Manaus
Brasília
São Paulo Itaipu
Porto Alegre
Fortaleza
Salvador
Belo Horizonte
Angra
NPPs
4.000 km
Hydropower requires system integration
Brazil: continental dimensions comparable to Europe
installed hydro capacity
increasing …
… but without a
proportional increase in
the water stock
Installed Hydropower
Reservoir capacity
Sto
rag
e in
GW
me
an
MW
Reduced Energy Storage Capability
small reservoirs
to avoid
flooding
large surfaces
Remaining Hydropower in Amazonas Region
Project AHE BELO MONTE 11.000 MW Project AHE MADEIRA 6.500 MW
This tendency will be
amplified by new projects
in Amazon Basin
•Current average hydro capacity factor: 55%
•Future average Amazon hydro capacity factor: 20-25%
Increasing Need of Thermal Regulation
R$ 0,00
R$ 100,00
R$ 200,00
R$ 300,00
R$ 400,00
R$ 500,00
R$ 600,00
R$ 700,00
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Capacity Factor (%)
Cost
s (R
$/M
Wh)
Gas Fuel Oil
Diesel Biomass
Coal Nuclear
Minimum cost
according
capacity factor
range
But costs are not
the only decision
factor:
Price volatility
Assurance of
supply
must be considered
too
Opportunity for Nuclear Power
Angra 3 (under construction)
Angra 2 Angra 1
Angra 3: Start, Deferring and Resumption
Initial Phase of Project
- 1975: Agreement Brazil & Germany (Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy)
- Reactor Type: PWR-1.350 MW / Increased to 1.405 MW
- Main Vendor: Siemens-KWU (today’s AREVA)
- Original Reference Plant: Grafenrheinfeld
- Start of Civil Works: July-1984
- Interruption of Construction: June-1986 (Economic Crisis in Brazil)
Neckarwestheim I s a r
Emsland
NeckarwestheimNeckarwestheim I s a rI s a r
EmslandEmsland Basis for Project Modernization
- German Plants of Konvoi Series: Emsland / Neckarwestheim 2 / Isar 2
- Implementation of Improvements: Angra 2 & Angra 3
Current Reference Plant: Angra 2
- Base for PSAR of Angra 3: FSAR of Angra 2
- Main Differences: Construction on sound rock / Digital I&C / Updated normative basis
Present Situation: Under Construction
- Authorization for Project Resumption: CNPE – June-2007 / National Energy Policy Council
- Governmental Planning: Ten Years Plan for Energy Expansion / Growth Acceleration Plan
1st Partial License: 09-Mar-2009
• Cave levelling concrete
• Waterproofing of nuclear buildings foundations
2nd Partial License: 11-Mar-2010
• Conventional Structures
3rd Partial License: 29-Mar-2010
• Turbine Building
17 Public Meetings with communities
8 Official Public Hearings:
Angra dos Reis (2) / Paraty (2) / Rio Claro (2) / Ubatuba (1) / Rio de Janeiro (1)
LP: Preliminary License: 23-Jul-2008
LI: Installation License: 05-Mar-2009
Social Compensations: MR$ 352
Education, Health, Environmental, Culture, etc.
Environmental Licensing: I B A M A
Nuclear Licensing: C N E N
38 releases already granted • Total volume authorized by CNEN:
77,926m3
• Total volume with pending
authorization by CNEN: 23,103m3
Construction License: 31-May-2010
Subject to gradual authorizations for concrete
pouring
Angra 3: Licensing Process
Reference
Plant
Angra 2
“as built”
Angra 3
Evaluation of the Angra 3 design considering the
normative basis valid in 2003
Upgrading of the protection against external events
Angra 2 Design
Modification
50 Project
Modifications
Licensing Additional requirements !!!
Design
modernization of all
I&C systems;
last generation man-
machine interface;
Angra 3: Upgrading of Normative Basis
7 Independent Budgetary Studies
required by: • CNPE: National Council for Energy Policy
• MME: Ministry of Mines and Energy
• ELETROBRAS: Holding Company
Reference to the Budget Estimate:
FUSP (June-2002)
Monetary update for June-2010
JUNE-2010
Angra 3: Budget for Completion
Biddings
Existing Contracts
to be negotiated
(signed in the 80s)
ENGINEERING
SERVICES
ELECTROMECHANICAL
ERECTION
NATIONAL
SUPPLIES
NATIONAL
SUPPLIES Existing Contracts
C I V I L
W O R K S
CIVIL DESIGN
STRUCTURES Partial Scope
IMPORTED GOODS
AND SERVICES +
WARRANTIES
Confab Bardella Nuclep
A N G R A 3 Main Contracts
Angra 3: Contractual Arrangement
B N D E S: R$ 6.1 billion
MR$ 1,277 released
Domestic Market
R G R: R$ 890 million
MR$ 594.3 released
Foreign Market
C E F: R$ 3.8 billion
Angra 3: Funding
Angra 3: Main Activities at Site – Civil Works
Reactor Building (UJB) Auxiliary Reactor Building (UKA)
Control Building (UBA) Turbine Building (UMA)
Steel Containment Erection
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
Zone 4 Zone 5 Simulation
Angra 3: Main Activities at Site - Erection
Time schedule currently under reevaluation:
AREVA supplies and services:
• signature of amendments expected for May 2013;
• critical path: design and supply of safety digital I&C;
Bidding process for electromechanical erection:
• 2nd phase to be launched in April 2013;
• expectation to start at site in last quarter of 2013.
Angra 3: Current Situation - Tentative Construction Schedule
EXPLORATORY STUDY: SITE PE-1 (artistic view)
After Angra 3....
Atendimento ao Crescimento da Demanda Atendimento ao Crescimento da Demanda no Médio Prazo:no Médio Prazo: Plano Nacional de Energia 2030
Fonte: PNE 2030 / EPE-MME, Nov-2007 / Tabelas 8.27 (Pág.234) e 8.31 (Pág.239)
Expansão da Oferta no Período 2015-2030(Valores em MW)
PNE 2030: Custo Médio Comparado(PNE 2030: Fig.8.24 / Pág.226)
Intervalo de variação do custo
das fontes Não-Hidráulicas
Custo de Geração Hidrelétrica em funçãodo potencial a aproveitar.
2) Southeast 2.000 MW
1) Northeast 2.000 MW
National Long Term Energy Planning – 2030 (under revision)
Electricity Supply Expansion
The Planning
Site Selection Procedure
2009 2010 2011
Sites for New Nuclear Power Plants
Thanks for the attention!!!