Simple PSimple Pastast & P& PastastContinuous TenseContinuous Tense

Simple Past TenseSimple Past TenseProsto prošlo vremeProsto prošlo vreme

• Prosto prošlo vreme pravilnih glagola gradi se od osnovnog oblika glagola (inf. bez ”to”) i nastavka –ed. Nepravilni glagoli imaju posebne oblike za prošlo vreme i oni se uče napamet oblike za prošlo vreme i oni se uče napamet (druga kolona nepravilnih glagola).

• • Potvrdni oblik:

I called Susan. We called Susan.

You called Susan. You called Susan.

He/she/it called Susan. They called Susan.

Nastavak Nastavak ––ed za pravilne glagoleed za pravilne glagole

• Ako se glagol završava na –e dodaje se samo -d

(close – closed)

• Ako se glagol završava na –y, a ispred njega se nalazi suglasnik, -y prelazi u –i ispred nastavka –ed (cry –cried) suglasnik, -y prelazi u –i ispred nastavka –ed (cry –cried)

• Ako se glagol završava na –y a ispred njega je samoglasnik, nema promene (stay-stayed; play-played)

• Ako se glagol završava na suglasnik, a ispred njega se nalazi kratak, nenaglašen samoglasnik, krajnji suglasnik se udvaja ispred nastavka –ed (plan-planned; stop-stopped)

Upitni oblikUpitni oblik

• Upitni oblik gradi se od pomoćnog glagola ”do” u prošlom vremenu koji glasi ”did” i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola:

Did I call Susan? Did I call Susan?

Did you call Susan?

Did he/she/it call Susan?

Did we call Susan?

Did you call Susan?

Did they call Susan?

Odrični oblikOdrični oblik

• Odrični oblik se gradi od odričnog oblika pomoćnog glagola ”do” u prošlom vremenu i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola.

I did not (didn’t) call Susan. I did not (didn’t) call Susan.

You did not (didn’t) call Susan.

He/she/it did not (didn’t) call Susan.

We did not (don’t) call Susan.

You did not (didn’t) call Susan .

They did not (didn’t) call Susan.

Upotreba 1

Radnja koja je završena u prošlosti

Prosto sadašnje vreme se koristi za radnju koja je počela i završila se u određenom trenutku u prošlosti. Ponekad govornik ne pominje određeni trenutak u prošlosti, već se to podrazumeva.

Primeri:

• I saw a movie yesterday.

• I worked at a bank last year.

• Last week we bought a new house.

• He didn’t wash his car.

Upotreba 2

Niz radnji koje su završene u prošlosti

Prosto prosto vreme takođe se koristi kada govornik navodi niz radnji koje su završene u prošlosti.

Primeri:

• I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. place to swim.

• He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotelat 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.

• Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

Upotreba 3Trajanje u prošlosti

Prosto prošlo vreme se nekada koristi i za radnju koja je trajala, tj. koja je počela i završila se u prošlosti. Trajanje je duža radnja na koju često ukazuju izrazi kao što su: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year...years, for five minutes, all day, all year...

Primeri:

• I lived in Brazil for two years..

• She studied Japanese for five years.

• They sat at the beach all day.

• They did not stay at the party the entire time.

Upotreba 4

Navike u prošlosti

Prosto sadašnje vreme se takođe može koristiti da se opiše neka navika koja je prekinuta u prošlosti. Može imati isto značenje kako i kod upotrebe ”used to”. Da bi bilo jasno da govorimo o nekoj navici, često dodajemo izraze kao što su: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, itd.

Primeri:

• I studied French when I was a child..

• He played the violin.

• She didn't play the piano.

• Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?

Upotreba 5Upotreba 5

Činjenice ili generalizacije u prošlosti

Prosto prošlo vreme takođe se može koristiti za činjenice ili generalizacije u prošlosti koje nisu više tačne. Ova upotreba, kao i Upotreba 4, veoma je slična izrazu ”used to”. ”Used to” se takođe koristi kada govorimo o stvarima u prošlosti koje se takođe koristi kada govorimo o stvarima u prošlosti koje nisu više tačne (He used to play football for the local team, but he’s too old now – On je nekada igrao fudbal za lokalni tim, ali sada je previše star).

Primeri:

•She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.

•He didn't like tomatoes before.

•Did you live in Texas when you were a kid?

•People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.

Vremenske odrednice

Karakteristične vremenske odrednice uz koje se upotrebljava Prosto prošlo vreme su:

• yesterday

• the day before yesterday

• two hours ago

• three years ago

• last Monday

• last year

• in 2001

Past Continuous Tense

Prošlo trajno vreme

• Prošlo trajno vreme se gradi od glagola ”to be” u Prostom prošlom vremenu (was/were) + Present Participle (Sadašnji particip) glavnog glagola (glagol+ing)

Potvrdni oblikPotvrdni oblik

I was working. We were working.

You were working. You were working.

He/she/it was working. They were working.

Upitni oblikUpitni oblik

• Upitni oblik se gradi inverzijom pomoćnog glagola ”to be”(u prošlom vremenu) i lične zamenice.

Was I working?

Were you working?Were you working?

Was he/she/it working?

Were we working?

Were you working?

Were they working?

Odrični oblikOdrični oblik

• Odrični oblik se gradi od odričnog oblika pomoćnog glagola ”to be” u prošlom vremenu + Present Participle glavnog glagola

I was not (wasn’t) working. I was not (wasn’t) working.

You were not (weren’t) working.

He/she/it was not (wasn’t) working.

We were not (weren’t) working.

You were not (weren’t) working.

They were not (weren’t) working

Upotreba 1

Radnja koja je prekinuta drugom prošlom radnjom

Prošlo trajnio vreme se koristi za prošlu radnju koja je duže trajala a prekinuta je nekom drugom prošlom radnjom. Ta druga radnja je obično kraća radnja koja se izražava Prostim prošlim vremenom (Past simple tense): (Past simple tense):

Primeri:

• I was watching TV when she called.

• When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.

• While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.

• What were you doing when the earthquake started?

Upotreba 2

Specifično vreme kao prekid radnje

Kod Upotrebe 1, Prošlo prosto vreme je prekinuto kraćom radnjom u Prostom prošlom vremenu. Međutim, može da se koristi i specifično vreme kao prekid radnje u prošlosti.

Primeri:

Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.

At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.

Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.

NapomenaNapomena

Razlika u upotrebi Prostog prošlog vremena i Prošlog trajnog vremena kod istih rečenica:

Primeri:

• Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner (I started eating at 6 p.m.).

• Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner (I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner).

Upotreba 3

Paralelne radnje u prošlosti

Prošlo prosto vreme se koristi za dve radnje koje su se u prošlom vremenu paralelno dešavale.

Primeri:

• I was studying while he was making dinner. • I was studying while he was making dinner.

• While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.

• Were you listening while he was talking?

• I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.

Upotreba 4Upotreba 4

Atmosfera

U engleskom jezikučesto koristimo niz paralelnihradnji kako bismo opisali atmosferu u određenom trenutku u prošlosti.

Primer:Primer:

• When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.

Upotreba 5

Ponavljanje i iritacija sa ”always"

Prošlim trajnim vremenom, uz upotrebu priloških odredbi ”always” i ”constantly”,takođe možemo izraziti da se nešto iritantno ili šokantno često dešavalo u prošlosti . Koncept je vrlo sličan izrazu ”used to”, ali sa negativnom emocijom. Zapamtite da reči "always" ili "constantly" uvek stoje između pomoćnog glagola "be" i glavnog glagola sa nastavkom -ing.

Primeri:

• She was always coming to class late.

• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.

• I didn't like them because they were always complaining.

NapomenaNapomena

Glagoli koji se ne koriste u Sadašnjem trajnom vremenu (non continuous verbs), ne koriste se ni u Prošlom trajnom vremenu. Umesto njih se obično koristi glagol u Prostom prošlom vremenu.koristi glagol u Prostom prošlom vremenu.

Primer:

While I was playing I felt sick.

She sawa deer while she was running.

Exercises:

I Put the verbs into the correct form of Past Simple:

I did my maths homework yesterday (to do).

Did Susan go to England by plane? (to go)

They visiteda farm two weeks ago (to visit).

Jenny and Peggy did not/didn’t help their brother (not/to help) . help) .

The children were not/weren’t at home last weekend (not/to be).

When did you design this wonderful skirt? (to design)

The boys took off the mudguards of their bicycles. (to take off) .

My mother did not/didn’t crash into the van (not/to crash).

II Put the verbs into the correct form (Past II Put the verbs into the correct form (Past Continuous)Continuous)

□When I phoned my friends, they were playing (play) monopoly.

□Yesterday at six I was preparing (prepare) dinner.

□The kids were playing (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain.to rain.

□I was practicing (practice) the guitar when he came home.

□We were not/weren’t cycling (not / cycle) all day.

□While Alan was working (work)in his room, his friends were swimming(swim) in the pool.

□I tried to tell them the truth but they weren’t listening (not / listen ).

□What were you doing (you / do) yesterday?

III Complete the sentences (Simple Past or Past Continuous):

Milos (study) studiedEnglish last night.

I (listen) was listening to the radio while my sister (watch) was watching TV.

Maria (write) wrotea letter to George last week. Maria (write) wrotea letter to George last week.

When I arrived, they (play) were playing cards.

We (study) were studying English yesterday at 4:00 pm.

Most of the time we (sit) were sitting in the park.

Yesterday at 5 o’clock my mother was reading a novel.

IV Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tenses – Simple Past or Past Continuous:

We (play) were playingvolleyball when you (call) calledme.

When the teacher (come) camein, they (study) were studying English.

The baby (sleep)was sleeping when the telephone (ring) rang.

I (look) was looking for my purse when I (drop) droppedmy credit card.

She (dance) was dancing when she (hurt) hurther ankle.

It (rain) was raining heavily when I (get) got up.

When I (walk) was walkingdown the street I (meet) metan old friend of mine.

He wasalways cominglate to classes!(to come)

V Past Tense V Past Tense –– Simple or Continuous Simple or Continuous

1. My mom (have) was having breakfast when she (spill) spilledher coffee.

2. My dad (listen) was listening to classical music when I (arrive) arrivedhome from school.

3. We (play) were playing video games when my mum (say) said‘Turn the volume down!’

4. My cousin (meet) met his wife Bianca while he (live) was living in Italy. 4. My cousin (meet) met his wife Bianca while he (live) was living in Italy.

5. My little sister (draw) was drawing a picture while I was studying (study) for my French exam.

6. While they (try)were trying to fix the computer, all the lights (go out) went out.

7. When we (leave) left school yesterday, it was pouring (pour) with rain.

8. When you (see) sawPaul, was he wearing (wear) a black jacket?

9. I (try) was trying to log on when the WiFi (stop)stoppedworking.

10 While Dad (print) was printing an article, the printer (run out) ranout of paper.