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PROJECT REPORT
AMUL INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD.
PREPARED BY : SEEMA V KUCHARA
GUIDANCE BY :
SUBMITTED TO :
ACEDEMIC YEAR : 2012-2013
STREAM : M COM
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PERSONAL INFORMATION
NAME : SIMA V. KUCHARA
FACULTY : M COM
ROLL NO. : 29
SEAT NO. : 29
ACEDEMIC YEAR : 2012-2013
PROJECT REPORT : AMUL INDUSTRIES (P) LTD.
CENTER : AHMEDABAD
SUBMITTED TO : GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
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DECLARATIONI the undersigned Mr.Vishal P. Agheda, a student of F.Y.B.B.A.
here by declare that the project work Presented in this report is my
own and has been carried the out under the supervision of Prof.
Paramsivm and Prof. Amit lathiya of Shree Gyanyagna college of
science and management, Rajkot.
This report has not been submitted previously for other
university for any other examination.
Place : Rajkot
Date
(signature of the student.)
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1. PROFIL OF THE COMPANY
Name of the company : AMUL INDUSTRIES (P) LTD.
Full Address : Amul Industries Pvt. Ltd.,
2, Aji Industrial Estate,
Plot No. 332/333
Rajkot 360 003.
Telephone No. : 91-281-2387461 /898 /036
Fax : 91-281-2387762
Email : Export@amulind .com /
info@amulind .com
web : www.amulind .com
Year of establishment : 1988
Registered office : Amul industries Pvt. Ltd .
2, Aji Industrial Estate,
Plot no. 332 / 333,
Rajkot 360 003
Number of employee : About 500
Product produced : connecting rods,crank shft,SHREE GYANYAGNA COLLEGE OF SCINCE AND MANAGEMENT
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2. HISTORIES AND
DEVELOPMENT
The main promoters of Amul Industries are Mr.
Chandubhai Patel and Mr. Sureshbhai Patel. The initial capital was
Rs.2,00,000.It was very small amount and produced only some
products. Amul Industries was established as a partner ship firm. But
in many since 2001 the unit was converted into private limited
company.
Since last ten year Amul Industries developed very well.
They are striving hared the achieve success achieving its target by
manufacturing many components some of each are crank shaft,
connecting rod, rocker arm, other engine items for automobile, diesel
engine, compressor and generator segment. They are one of the
largest manufacturers of connecting rod, crankshaft and camshaft in
India. They are considered one of the leading manufacturers.
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5. LOCATION OF THE UNIT
One of the early decisions that an entrepreneur has to make is
the choice of a location or place of his unit. The chief objective of any
industrial concern is to maximize profit though the minimize of cost of
production this objective can be achieved only when the plant is at a
right place where economically all kinds facilities is available.
Amul Industries established near Aji Estate in Rajkot where all
the economics facilities are available so they gets many facilities that
provided by government. Few of the facilities available there for
medium scale industries like getting communication facilities,
government policy, transportation facilities, power facilities, water
facilities, labors supply and also they can get row material easily by
near place. And also Aji Estate is near to the market so they can get
many benefits.
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PRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT
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1. INTRODUCTION
The control of production is one of the important problems of
production management. Production involves planning, routing,scheduling, dispatching, fall-up, and inspection. As per the definition
given by Kimball & Kimball That the product shall be produced in the
best and the cheapest method that it shall be of the required quality
and that it shall be produced at the right time
Amul Industries has a separate production. The manufacturingdepartment of this unit has taken special care as they are processing
commodities.
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2. ORGANIZATION CHART
Organization of production department necessary for any high
industries. All the people should be known about his duty in the unit. Amul Industries has a separate production department.
The organization of production department of Amul Industries is
below.
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
Production Manager
Engineers
Inspection officer
Supervisors
Workers
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Production is a creation of goods and services a major
employee is on the creation of goods. Manufacturing production is the
step-by-step conversion of raw materials through creation of from
utility and goods.
Amul Industries is registered as original equipment
manufacturers (O.E.M.) supplier with many. Indian automotive
manufacturing companies. Amul Industries given quotation on the
basis of design of the pare requited by companies & after approval of
quotation, actual procurement of material &manufacturing process getstarted.
The following chart shows the manufacturing process of AmulIndustries:
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Raw Material
Cutting
Heat treatment
Hardness checking
Shot blasting
Machining
Chemical dimensional
Diling and packing
6. PRODUCT OF THE UNIT
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Amul Industries produced many products but its main product
is connecting rods, crankshaft, and camshaft. Some of the products
manufactured at Amul Industries are:
Crank shaft Connecting rod
Rocker arm
Cam shaft
Bridge nozzle
Shifter shaft
Hydraulic rod
Arm knuckle
Aul etc.
They are also produced engine items for automobile, Dieselengine, compressor and generator segments.
7. PRODUCT PICTURE 1. CONNECTING ROD:
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2. CRANK SHAFT
3. CAM SHAFT
Many more other auto parts in different size and types they areproduced.
8. USE OF THE PRODUCT
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Amul Industries producing auto parts like crank shaft camshaft,
connecting rod that part of engine and it is use in vehicles,
compressors, generator, and other automobile diesel engine. It is use
in light vehicles, heavy vehicles and export vehicles.
They products like connecting rod, camshaft and crankshaft use
in cars, truck, tractors, compressors and two wheelers etc.
9. QUALITY CONTROL
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Amul Industries is engaged in auto parts. They have to
maintain quality. They have got good laboratory. They check the raw
material first in the automatic machine which they are using, are found
very rare in India that quality is controlled it self. They are one of themanufacturers of connecting rod and crank shaft in India.
Amul industries have adopted ISO\TC 16949:2002 quality
systems to ensure continuous quality improvement and highest
customers satisfactions. Proper blending of a high Tech and
conventional manufacturing technologies, in house expertise, testing
& metrology laboratories and S.Q.C. culture gives us an edge to
achieve the highest quality standard, cost competitiveness and
shortest supply schedules to satisfy the customers needs.
Amul industries committed in building a quality organization withcustomer as the main focus by making available them products and
services, which adequately meet their requirement and there by
ensuring their satisfaction .
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PERSONNEL
DEPARTMENT
PERSONAL DEOARTMENT
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INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION 32
1 ORGANIZATION CHART 33
2 RECRUITMENT, SELECTION &INDUCTION 34
3 EMPLOYEE TRANING &DEVELOPMENT 37
4 WAGES & SALARY ADMISTRATION 39
2 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS & SERVICES 40
5 PROVIDENT FUND 41
6 GRIEVANCE HANDLING PROCEDURE 42
7 TRADE UNION 43
1. INTRODUCTION
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Human recourses is the central and most important
component of any organization and management of personnel is the
most important are of any business organization. The main aim pf
personnel department is to manage the personnel at work. People arebasically responsible for the progress of any organization.
Personnel management means quite simply the task of dealing
with human relationship within an organization. Personnel
management includes planning, organization, directing, and
controlling of procurement development compensation integration
maintenance and separation of human resources to the end of
individual, organization and social objectives are satisfied.
Amul industries there is personnel department, which has
workers personnel manager, has got the highest authority and alwayskeeps a check on department of get success.
2. ORGANIZATION CHART
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Recruitment process is the first stage in the process of accruing
personal which continuous with selections and closes with the
placement of the candidate. Recruitment makes it possible to acquire
the number and type of necessary, personal to ensure the continuousof the organization. Thus recruitment is concern with the process of
attracting qualified and competent people for different jobs.
When any type of vacancy arise in the Amul Industries the
personal manager examines as to what type of candidate is required
to take in to consideration on the job, evaluation and job analysis.There are many sources to fulfill the vacancies. Recruitment can be
define from internal sources and external sources and in this case
they follow the following procedure.
1) Internal source
2) External source
INTERNAL SOURCE
Their source includes recruiting the personal that are already on
the play roll of an organization.
Amul Industries includes more of technical type of jobs. So it
require familiar and experience personal. So when ever new
vacancies arise in the organization somebody within the unit is
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existing employees recommend the unit to require particular person
for particular job because either the person is his relative or friend or
potential person is evaluated in term of job recruitment by the board of
directors.
EXTERNAL SOURCES
These sources include employees out of the unit . Amul
Industries includes following method to recruit the employees from out
side.
Amul Industries gives advertisement in local or regional
newspaper to recruit blue color workers, clerical work employees and
lower level administrative staff. Whenever Amul Industries needs
employee it also contacts private placement agencies. When Amul
Industries requires some casual unskilled or technical person thenrecruitment at gate method is used. They note on the board at the
gate of the company is written regarding casual recruitment the
workers read it and directly contact the concern manager.
Selection
Selection means establishing sequential steps required for
assessing potentialities of persons on particular job. This type of
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selection is deliberate efforts of the organization to select fixed and
large number of employees.
Amul Industries follows the following procedure for the selection of
employees.
Initial Screening
Depth Interviews
Preliminary Selection
Final Selection
Placement
4.Employeetraining &
Development
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Amul Industries gives much importance to training and
development program. The unit thinks that in this competitive area,
human resources are competitive weapon so they must be sound and
strong.
Training
There is a separate department in Amul Industries for the
employees who are selected at operative level. They give training by
two kinds.
1. On Job Training
This training is mostly given to the unskilled and semi skilled
jobs, clerical and sales jobs. Employees are coached and instructed
by skilled co-worker or supervisors by the special training instructions.On the job training by personal observation and practice as well as
occasionally having it. Thus are here. Training earn as they learn.
2. Apprenticeship
Amul Industries are also using apprenticeship training. A definite
programmed is prepared to provide efficient training to the
apprentices. Here educational and vocational training is given to the
apprentice with stipend.
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Development
Development is long-term process. It covers not only those
activities, which improve the job performance, but also those, which
bring about at the personality.
Amul Industries held coaching and lecture for development of
supervisor defines some areas of responsibility to the employee and
then he directs him in performing these functions and provide him with
diversified work, so that he may grow and progress. Also expert
having a good knowledge in the one field gives lectures. The lectures
are given in formal and organized way .
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5. Wages & Salary
Administration .
It is the prime duty of the firm to pay proper and reasonable
amount to workers for their services while on the other hand a proper
salary to the clerical, managerial and supervisory staff as wages are
the basic incentives for employee. Proper and regular wages and
salary helps to avoid industrial disputes and increase in productivity
and profitability.
Amul industries decide the wages and salary by demand and
supply of employee, rates prevailing in the other similar surrounding
industries, Government regulations and the type of job. There are 500
workers. Salary increment every year 10.15%. They paid salary and
wages about 5 lakes per month.
The managers are being paid salary in range of Rs.5,000 to
Rs.7,000. And increase every year as per the rule and profitability of
the industries. Clerical staff gets nearby Rs.2000 to Rs.4000 per
month. Every year there is an increase in the salary by Rs.200\- to
Rs.250\- depending upon the work efficiency of the employee and
demand of the employee.
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6. Employee benefits And
Services
For increasing positive attitude towards work, employee should
be given additional benefits. The company has adopted certain
beneficial activities which are as following.
Bonus:
The employee is given average 20 % of total yearlyemoluments.
Medical facilities :
The company provides reimbursement at medical expenses
incurred and includes hospitalization nursing home and surgical
charges for employee as well as their family members.
Canteen Facilities :
Employees are offered free meal, when workers are unable to
bring. This is occasional facility. The unit provides canteen to its
workers, which provides sanck hut and cold drinks also at subsidized
rates. Some time the company also provides telephone bills and suchother facilities.
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7. Provident fund
It is also an incentive provided for the welfare at workers but it is
clauses working system are totally different. According to the
government rule 10 % the firm contributes towards it. Then a firm
always issues a scheme with the total amount at provident fund and it
is deposited in a bank. Bank in turn deposit the same cheque with thegovernment provident fund office on the other hand the firm lawyer
prepare the statement showing the name of the worker and the
amount of his part of provident fund office. With the help of this
statement the officer will credit the corresponding amount of provident
fund in the workers account.
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A trade union is continuous and voluntary association of the
salary earners. It is formed for safeguarding the interest of its
members. Maintaining and improving the conditions of their working
lives. Raising their status and promoting their occasional interest andsecuring better relations between them and their employees through
collective bargaining.
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MARKETINGDEPARTMENT
Marketing Department
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INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION 46
2 ORGANIZATION CHART 47
3 MARKET SEGMENTATION 48
4 PRICING POLICIES 49
5 DISTRIBUTION CHENNEL 50
6 ADVERTISING 51
7 EXPORTTS 52
8 MARKET RESEARCH 54
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1. Introduction
Man haves unlimited and repetitive want in nature. To satisfy
these wants, products are to be produced and to be exchanged.When the word exchange comes the word marketing automatically
comes into the point exchange is the most important and powerful
function in marketing. Marketing may be explained as a business
function interested with creation and satisfaction at customers to
achieve the aims at business marketing department is very much
important for a business and it plays a key role for increasing public
relationship.
Amul industries is having a marketing department and the
person in charge of the department is Mr. Atul G. Patel, who is
experienced & expert in marketing.
The head of the marketing department is the general manager.
There is a line type of organization, thus authority flows upward to
downward & responsibility from bottom to top level.
2. Organizational ChartSHREE GYANYAGNA COLLEGE OF SCINCE AND MANAGEMENT
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Marketing Manager
Assistant manager
Chief Manager Sales Manager Research and
Development
Quality controller officer
Engineers
Sales Correspondence Researcher
Assistant clerks
3. Market Segmentation
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According to Stanton Market Segmentation consist at taking
the total heterogeneous market for product and dividing it in to several
sub market or segment each of them which tends to be homogenous
in all significant aspects.
Market segmentation is done with the help of some variables
these variables are called the basis for market segmentation Amul
Industries has also included market segmentation, market are in a
better position to locate & compare marketing opportunities.
4. Pricing Policies
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Price is an important element in marketing arriving at the right
selling price is essential in a sound marketing mix. Right price can be
determined through pricing research and buy the test market
techniques. It provides guidelines to the marketing manager to evolveappropriate pricing decisions.
Price is the only variable element that produces revenue or income.
Pricing policy of Amul Industries is different from other
industries because they are not producing directly consumableproduct. They are deciding price on the basis of want of customers.
They are provides to types pricing policy. One is lower price and
second is higher price. They consider cost at production, normal profit,
and competitive price in the market. Distribution expenses for deciding
any product prices, it differs from the product to product sometimes,as a lost resort price is also detrained through negotiation between the
two parties. The minimum price can be establishment at a break-even
point.
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Channels of distribution indicate the routes or pathway through
which goods and services flow or move from producers to consumers.
Amul Industries are only one manufacturing connecting rod,
crankshaft etc. they are not producing directly consumable product. It
is the part of engine. They have not distributors. They are directly sent
goods to customers that manufacturing vehicles, generators,
compressors, etc. They are selling products directly to L & T, John
Deere Ltd. Tata Motors, Ashok Leyland Ltd., Mahindra & Mahindra
group and many more. They provide products to the customer directlyaccording to their order.
Channels:
Amul Industries P. Ltd.
Customers
(i.e. Tata Motors, Mahindra & Mahindra, Ashok Leyland etc.)
6. Advertising
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Advertising is paid form of impersonal communication. It is a
mean at mass communication. Advertising promotion of ideas. Goods
and services by an identified sponsor. It can be used to build up a
long-term image for a product and trigger quick sales. Thusadvertising is an efficient way to reach numerous geographically
dispersed buyers at a low cost.
Amul Industries are not advertising their product by newspaper
or magazines. They are not manufactures consumable products. They
are only one manufacture of connecting rod, crankshaft and cameshaft in India. They are advertising their product by seminars. They
are keep his product in the international seminars or national seminars
of auto parts dealers People comes there and they show the product.
Thus they are advertising their product.
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7. Export the product and list of
customers
Export means to send the produces to other countries from the
origin country is known as export. In other sense if a company sends
his produces over geographical boundaries of the origin country is
called export.
Amul Industries is the only manufacturer of connecting rod,crankshaft and other auto parts. So they have many customers out of
country. They are having customers of our nation and international
also. Mainly they are exporting their produces to Iveco, Italy, FMC-
USA, UK, Germany, France, Egypt, Dubai Africa and many other
countries. They are exporting the product to the more then 20
countries.
Few of their customers are as under:
National customer:
Cummins India Ltd.
L & T John Deere Ltd.
Tata motors
Ashok Leyland Ltd.
Manindra & Mahindra Ltd. Group,
Simpson & Co.
Swaraj Engines
Eicher TractorsHero Motors
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Greaves Ltd.
New Halland Tractors Ltd.
Escorts Tractors.
More over Generators, air compressor automatically sealed
compressors, Diesel Engines and Hydraulic Motors Ingersoll Rank,
Kirlosker oil engine volts etc.
Foreign customers :
Iveco Italy.
Lombardini Italy.
FMC USA.
John Deere USA
And many other customers are also there.
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Marketing research is the systematic gathering with market
place. I.e. price, product, promotion and distribution. It is very
important in present industries because of evaluation of new product
and increasing competition in every industry.
Amul Industries gives less important to marketing research
activities at certain intervals by directly contacting their buyers.
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FINANCEDEPARTMENT
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
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INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION 57
2 ORGANIZATION CHART 58
3 FINANCIAL PLANING 59
4 CAPITALISATION 60
5 SOURCES OF FINANCE 61
6 MANAGENEMENT OF FIXED ASSETS 62
7 LOANS 63
8 PROFIT & LOSS 64
1. Introduction
Finance is an essential phenomenal for running the business
continuously. Finance is also essential for expanding the business.SHREE GYANYAGNA COLLEGE OF SCINCE AND MANAGEMENT
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Finance management deals with the management activity which is
concerned with the planning and controlling of the firms financial
resources.
Amul Industries has its own separate finance and accounting
department. The incharge of this department is Mr.Trivedi.
2. Organizational Chart
Finance Department
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Administrative Chief accountant
Officer
Accountant
Clerical staff
3. Financial Planning
Financial planning is the most important point to be decided.
The manager has to work on different areas like procurement of
sources to get capital. How to manage the capital?
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They have to take different financial decisions like amount of
ownership, capital amount of borrowed, capital and also internal
financing. Investment decisions which include capital budgeting
decision and working capital management have to be taken carefully.
Amul Industries adopts long term as well as short term financial
planning.
4. Capitalization
A.S.Dewing says The term capitalization to the valuation of
capital includes the capital stock and debt.
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Attention is focused on the quantitative aspect only. In this
sense it includes ownership capital and the borrowed capital as
represented by long term indebtedness.
Capitalization:
Ownership + long term loan capital + Share capital
Total capital = Owned capital + borrowed capital
= 52.18 % + 50.82 %
= 103 %
5. Source of Finance
Adequate source of capital must be developed by every
business concern. For small and medium sized companies the supply
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of capital is frequently a limitation on the successful execution of many
policies and programs.
Broadly speaking a company can have two main sources of
capital.
(A) Internal Sources
(B) External sources
Amul Industries is using his own capital as an internal sources
and they are also using external sources like bank, shares etc.
6. Loans
It anticipated earning are well above interest and sinking fund
needs the earning are stable. Certain and regular and the success of
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decisions regarding investment in fixed assets which are not meant for
sale such as land, building and machinery etc.
Amul Industries also having an efficient management of used
assets is done a fixed assets are purchased out of the fund and loan
from bank.
The fixed assets of Amul Industries is for the year of 2004-2005
was following.
8. PROFIT & LOSS
Profit refers to the situation where output exceed input earns
value created by use of resources are more then the total of the input
resources. The motive of business is to earn profit also it is the yard
stick through which the firm can be measured it. Therefore prime
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responsibility of the management to make intensive use of invested
capital with a vies to earn a reasonable profit.
The net profit of the industries , after deducting all direct or indirect
expenses and liabilities are as under.2004-2005 085.00 Lacks (approximately)
2005-2006 378.60 Lacks (approximately)
The rising of profit is very high as compare to last year. In my opinion
the main reason of rising of profit are as under.
1) the management has got very good control as compare toprevious year.
2) The maintenance has become very strong and economical.
3) The turn-over has increased drastically. And it is Because of
improvement in quality .
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FUTUREPLANS
Future plansEach and every industry has their own motto and plan. The
main future plans of the industry in the forth coming years are asfollows.
1. The company wants to produce a good quality product itreasonable price.
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2. The company has made a good plan for enhancing training to their employee for better output and also decided to provideopportunity to develop their skill.
3. The company has also plan to double the production withretaining
good quality of product.
By these all pre-determine steps the company may be expanded invery short time of span.
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SUGGESTIONS
SUGGESTIONS
In my opinion some suggestions are as under.
1) The company should maintain good relationship with their employee by satisfying their requirement in context of
companys profit. The employee should have proud in referenceof company, so it will help in good quality and mass production.
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2) The company should plan for construction of colony for their employee. By this the employee would be able to work withoutworries about their family.
3) Company should provide some essential living things to the
employee instead of giving them allowances on seniority basisor on cadre basis it will increase the fame of company inemployees personal life also.
4) The company should establish all the activities in sequence.
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CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
The purpose of the study was to highlight the philosophy,
culture and sentiments of organization.
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After visiting Amul Industries, I feel very glad that I had been apart of it for some time. This visit gave me much practical knowledgeand a very good experience.
The unit is also equipped with the latest technology and modern
machines, the staff and employees are also well organized and wellco operative.
Looking to the units properly and orderly management I wouldlike to give my best wishes for each and every step they take for expansion and for attaining a bright future.
SWOT ANALYSIS
A: The story
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The SWOT Analysis (= strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
threats) is the last exercise of the project module during the end of
which the participants are supposed to have identified THEIR projects.
Based on these concrete project ideas, they will have to undertake
their market studies.
It is quite a simple but very powerful tool which enables the
participants to do a proper comparison of the last three projects
remaining after the micro screening process; sometimes, there is only
one good project idea left which then will be cross-checked with the
help of the SWOT Analysis.
There are almost no variations in this exercise across the differentregions where CEFE is applied because the stringent rules of thisanalysis dont leave much room for interpretation. The SWOTframework takes the shape of a traditional window with four parts(quadrants). The upper two of the four quadrants representingstrengths and weaknesses refer partly to the PECs and partly to allother self-inspection tools carried out during the entrepreneurialcompetencies module.
The lower quadrants standing for opportunities and threats build onthe environment sub-module as well as the participants perceptionand judgement of the factors influencing their identified projects. Of course, a certain subjectivity is always prevailing so that thepresentation of the group exercises and individual results is verycrucial in safeguarding objectivity and intellectual depth for theindividual SWOT analyses.
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B: Basic information
Objectives of learningBasic objectives to The participants
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Requirements
Trainers/assistants 1 trainer, 1 assistant
Didactic aids toprepare
- four swot-analysis tables on kraft paper (see swot analysis framework, annex 1)with the respective text prepared onmetaplan cards (different colours) for abetter visualisation
Materials for thetrainers (during theexercise)
- components of the swot analysis(annex 3)
Materials for the
participants(during theexercise)
- individual swot analysis (annex 2)
Importantconditions of theroom
- none
D: Learning Process Overview
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Step Time Most important contents
Introduction 15 Comprehension of the SWOT analysis
frameworkGroup work 45 Application of the SWOT analysis
framework for the group project identifiedduring the preceding Micro Screeningexercise
Grouppresentation
60 Critiquing and refining of the groupSWOT analyses
IndividualSWOT
Analysis
45 Individual work on max. three identifiedproject ideas
Individualpresentation
30 Presentation of selected individualSWOT analyses
Processing 15 Wrap-up of previous steps and outlookon the following ones
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E: Hints for preparation, typical situations and dangers
Based on the results of the micro screening exercise, the samegroups continue with the SWOT Analysis. As for the preceding
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exercise, it is best to prepare already four blank SWOT Analysistables (four quadrants) so that no time is lost in the beginning.
The choice of four different metaplan card colours for the differentquadrants is advisable because any card changed during the
presentation and critiquing phase is clearly visible to everybody. Themore cards change the quadrants after discussion, the less theframework has been properly understood.
Dont hesitate to critically question meaning as well as positioning of doubtful cards during the group- and individual presentation phasebecause this is the last opportunity for the participants to eventuallychange their project ideas.
Its typical that the participants identify less negative factors
(weaknesses, threats) than positive ones. This could create a great
danger to objectively taking a final decision on the seemingly most
viable project idea.
During the individual work phase, it may happen that someparticipants dont feel confident enough to do the SWOT Analysis.Visit them regularly during this phase and give individual guidancethrough appropriate questions. As the handout Components of SWOT Analysis (Annex 3) has already been distributed during thisphase, urge them to read the text and provide additional examples for their specific cases, if required.
The lack of confidence based on missing market information might beovercome through an integrated market visit (not exceeding 3 hours)during which the participants are urged to collect some informationreferring to the issues mentioned in Annex 3 (see also G.2:maximising).
F: Variations
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1) Alternative uses and objectivesIsolated components of a business or an intention for expansion or
diversification can be dealt with in the same way, hence the
importance of pointing out this possibility during the wrap-up phase.
2) Minimising/MaximisingIn a group of total newcomers without much prior exposure to
business, it is helpful to let the participants do a brief market research
on their pre-selected business ideas before doing the SWOT Analysis.
Depending on your overall time planning, the respective first weekend
during the seminar might be utilised for this purpose without disturbing
the planned execution of the following exercises.
3) SubstitutionsNone
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to make use of them to avoid themBeyond the control of the entrepreneur
Annex 3 SWOT analysis
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opportunities Market developments? Competitors' vulnerabilities? Industry or lifestyle trends? Technology development and
innovation? Global influences? New markets, vertical,
horizontal? Niche target markets? Geographical, export, import? Market need for new USP's? Market response to tactics,
e.g., surprise? Major contracts, tenders? Business and product
development? Information and research? Partnerships, agencies,
distribution? Market volume demand
trends?
Seasonal, weather, fashioninfluences?
threats Political effects? Legislative effects? Environmental effects? IT developments? Competitor intentions -
various? Market demand? New technologies, services,
ideas? Vital contracts and partners? Obstacles faced? Insurmountable weaknesses? Employment market? Financial and credit
pressures? Economy - home, abroad?
Seasonality, weather effects?
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Components of SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Strengths are within the control of the entrepreneur and they occur at present!
Strengths should be capitalised and harnessed to makeweaknesses redundant.
technical expertise new improvements of productgood network with customers packagingmanagerial experience superior technologydistribution system product features (utility,
durability, etc.)comparatively cheap price
Weaknesses
Weaknesses are within the control of the entrepreneur; they occur at present.
They are "lack of...", "missing...", or weak points. As far aspossible, weaknesses should be eliminated!
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no control over raw material lack of promotionexperience
limited product life technological obsolescencepoor design of product inexperienced
managers/ownersweak selling effort lack of working capitalcomparatively high price low level of stocks in times
of peak salesno technical expertise of owner
Opportunities
Opportunities are positive or favourable factors in the environmentwhich the entrepreneur should make use of or which make his projectidea potentially viable. They are, however, mostly beyond the controlof the entrepreneur. They are different from strengths in the sensethat strengths are positive internal factors of the business.
few and weak competitors no such products inthe market
rising income of target market scarcity of product inthe locality
growing demand favourablegovernment policy
similar products making profit favourablegovernment programs
technical assistance available low interest on loans
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access to cheap raw material adequate trainingopportunities
Threats
Threats are negative or unfavourable external factors in theenvironment and normally beyond the control of the entrepreneur.
They adversely affect the business, if not eliminated or overcome.Threats differ from weaknesses in as much as they are beyond thecontrol of the entrepreneur. Both have a negative impact on thebusiness. The purpose of analysing threats is to look for ways of hedging against them, i.e., trying to avoid them or lessening their negative impact by making counterbalancing actions.
rising raw materials costs too much competition
government bureaucracy restive labour forceraw materials shortages piracy of skilled labour natural disasters insufficient power graft and corruption poor infrastructurechanging government regulations smuggling
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Coverage
Generally speaking, you should cover the following aspects, while
making a SWOT analysis for a your project idea:
Financial Aspects Physical ResourcesCapital of owner BuildingsCash flow Plant & machinery
Access to additional resources Technology / incubator parks
Investment requirement LocationProfitability Transport facilities
Risk Infrastructure & utilitiesIndustrial flats/estates
Management, Supervisory andOperator Capabilities MarketManagement competence Profile of target market
Age/experience Competitors' marketingstrategy
Skills availability Market shareTechnological know-how Product features/qualityManagement contacts/networkExpanding/contracting/stagnant mar
ketSalesmanship of owner/staff Market niche for
new/existing productPersonnel management Demand /supply situations
(past, pre sent, future)
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Management Information Supply of Raw MaterialsIs the necessary information Are the sources
adequate in terms of available? quantity, quality & price?Is it available in time to aid in Are new materials
becoming availabledecision making and in taking which would be useful to
the company?corrective actions? Will they continue to be
adequate?
Social Environment Production ProcessHow is the small business getting Is the product going
to be massadjusted to the markets? produced?
Are people accepting the product? Is it labour intensive?Is there any particular prejudice, Is it a job order or acontinuouslikes or dislikes for the product? operation?
Is it based on product or
process technology?
SWOT analysis template
Here is a larger illustration of SWOT analysis.
Note that this format is not presented or proposed as a 2x2'internal/external' matrix; it's a more open demonstration of the sorts of issues and questions which can be addressed when using the SWOTformat as part of business planning and decision-making.
Subject of SWOT analysis: (define the subject of the analysis here)
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AMUL INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD SWOT ANALYSIS
Strengths
1. The company is having Indian origin thus creating feeling of oneness in the mind of the customers.
2. It manufactures only milk and milk products, which is purely vegetarian thus providing qualityconfidence in the minds of the customers.
3. It is aiming at rural segment, which covers a large area of loyal customers, which other companieshad failed to do.
4. People are quite confident for the quality products provided by Amul.
5. Amul has its base in India with its butter and so can easily promote chocolates without fearing of loses.
6. The prices of chocolates of Nestles are comparatively cheap as compared to other companies.
Weaknesses
1. There are various big players in the chocolate market, which acts as major competitors restrictingtheir growth.
2. Lack of capital invested as compared to other companies.
3. Improper distribution channel in India.
Threats
1. The major threat is from other companies who hold the majority share of consumers in Indianmarket i.e. Cadburys and Nestle.
2. There exists no brand loyalty in the chocolate market and consumers frequently shift their brands.
3. New companies entering in Indian market like Fantasie fine poses lot problems for Amul. Strengths
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6. The prices of chocolates of Nestles are comparatively cheap as compared to other companies.
Weaknesses
1. There are various big players in the chocolate market, which acts as major competitors restrictingtheir growth.
2. Lack of capital invested as compared to other companies.
3. Improper distribution channel in India.
Opportunities
1. There is a lot of potential for growth and development as huge population stay in rural market whereother companies are not targeting.
2. The chocolate market is at growth stage with very less competition so by introducing new brand and
intensive advertising there can be a very good scope in future.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Bibliography
1. Principles of management- B.S. Shah
2. Marketing Management- S.A.Sherlekar
3. Modern Business Organization and Management- Y.K.Bhushan
4. www.amulind.com
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