Technical perfection, automotive passion.

Side Impact Protection

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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AgendaAgendaAgendaAgenda

Improved Concepts for Side Impact ProtectionImproved Concepts for Side Impact ProtectionImproved Concepts for Side Impact ProtectionImproved Concepts for Side Impact Protection

Traffic Accidents and Side CrashesTraffic Accidents and Side CrashesTraffic Accidents and Side CrashesTraffic Accidents and Side Crashes

General Characteristics of Side CrashesGeneral Characteristics of Side CrashesGeneral Characteristics of Side CrashesGeneral Characteristics of Side Crashes

Typical Injuries in Side CrashesTypical Injuries in Side CrashesTypical Injuries in Side CrashesTypical Injuries in Side Crashes

Protection StrategyProtection StrategyProtection StrategyProtection Strategy

Protection DevicesProtection DevicesProtection DevicesProtection Devices

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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ExamplesExamplesExamplesExamples

Side Impact: deformation or impact direction is directed against the side of the car

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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AccidentologyAccidentologyAccidentologyAccidentology (German Federal Statistical Office)(German Federal Statistical Office)(German Federal Statistical Office)(German Federal Statistical Office)

187

551

2.541

6.240

6.684

6.759

42.000

58.000

92.673

853.946

-

10.0

00

20.0

00

30.0

00

40.0

00

50.0

00

60.0

00

70.0

00

80.0

00

90.0

00

100.0

00

Sports- & Leisure Accident

Industrial Accident

Violence

Household Accidents

Traffic Accidents in Germany

Others

Traffic Accidents Europe 2001

of it lung cancer

of it coronary

Disease

Deaths in Germany in 2003

Traffic accidents seized by the police in 2003: 2,259,567Traffic accidents seized by the police in 2003: 2,259,567Traffic accidents seized by the police in 2003: 2,259,567Traffic accidents seized by the police in 2003: 2,259,567Of it with injured people:Of it with injured people:Of it with injured people:Of it with injured people: 354,534354,534354,534354,534of it with material damage:of it with material damage:of it with material damage:of it with material damage: 1,905,033 1,905,033 1,905,033 1,905,033

Deaths in frontal crash (Europe): Deaths in frontal crash (Europe): Deaths in frontal crash (Europe): Deaths in frontal crash (Europe): 11,760 lateral crash: 10,50011,760 lateral crash: 10,50011,760 lateral crash: 10,50011,760 lateral crash: 10,500

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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AccidentologyAccidentologyAccidentologyAccidentology, (, (, (, (Most Common Side Impact Scenarios)Most Common Side Impact Scenarios)Most Common Side Impact Scenarios)Most Common Side Impact Scenarios)

Side Impact: the side of one of the colliding partners is deformed

Intersection Accident

Incorrect Turning

Pole Impact

Motorcycle Accident

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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Side Impact, MBS simulation (FMVSS 214)Side Impact, MBS simulation (FMVSS 214)Side Impact, MBS simulation (FMVSS 214)Side Impact, MBS simulation (FMVSS 214)

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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InjuriesInjuriesInjuriesInjuries

Sequence of contact between structure and occupant (common scenaSequence of contact between structure and occupant (common scenaSequence of contact between structure and occupant (common scenaSequence of contact between structure and occupant (common scenario)rio)rio)rio)1st contact: door trim to thorax and or pelvis2nd contact: door trim to legs3rd contact: head itself hits top roll region of door, or head hits B (C pillar), or

goes through window and hits front of striking vehicle

InjuriesInjuriesInjuriesInjuriesHeadHeadHeadHead, very frequent and severest injuries (skull fracture) due to direct contact

NeckNeckNeckNeck, serious injuries are not frequent

ThoraxThoraxThoraxThorax, consequences of rib fractures are a common cause of severest injuries

AbdomenAbdomenAbdomenAbdomen, injuries of organs due to localised loading (liver, splenic laceration)

PelvisPelvisPelvisPelvis, very commonly injured, mostly fractured (pubic ring, iliac wing fractures)

Lower limbsLower limbsLower limbsLower limbs, lateral bending of femur is frequently observed

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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Protection StrategyProtection StrategyProtection StrategyProtection Strategy

Demands for Side Impact Protection Demands for Side Impact Protection Demands for Side Impact Protection Demands for Side Impact Protection

Head Protection Head Protection Head Protection Head Protection Soften Impact of Head • Energy Absorbing Device e.g. Curtain Airbag Protection of Occupant’s BodyProtection of Occupant’s BodyProtection of Occupant’s BodyProtection of Occupant’s Body

Manage energy transferred at contactAccelerate occupant and soften impactImplement energy absorbing devicesPress on seat at the earliest stage possibleProvide best contact between occupant and seatProvide stiff coupling of seat and floor Provide lateral stiffness of seat

Limit intrusion of hitting structure (no squeeze)Limit relative movement of door

Stiffen up door itselfImprove stiffness of pillars and rockers

Motorcycle Accident Motorcycle Accident Motorcycle Accident Motorcycle Accident protect motorcyclist

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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Protection Devices, Crash PadsProtection Devices, Crash PadsProtection Devices, Crash PadsProtection Devices, Crash Pads

Pelvis pad

0

1000

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6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25

Deformation [m]

Fo

rce [

N]

Thorax pad

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2

Deformation [m]

Fo

rce [

N]

MBS simulation determines properties of parts in an early develoMBS simulation determines properties of parts in an early develoMBS simulation determines properties of parts in an early develoMBS simulation determines properties of parts in an early development stagepment stagepment stagepment stage

Wood Wood Wood Wood FiberFiberFiberFiber Crash PadCrash PadCrash PadCrash Pad

Injection Injection Injection Injection MoldedMoldedMoldedMolded Crash ConesCrash ConesCrash ConesCrash Cones

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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Protection Devices, Head Airbag in Door Trim Protection Devices, Head Airbag in Door Trim Protection Devices, Head Airbag in Door Trim Protection Devices, Head Airbag in Door Trim

Side Impact Head Airbag: lid opens outboard to window

Technical perfection, automotive passion.

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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

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18

0,000 0,002 0,004 0,006 0,008 0,010 0,012 0,014

Time Seconds

Velo

cit

y k

m/h

only substrate A0 (V35, 36, 37, 38)

only Foil, B. CrossF

04 (V 8,7,4,3)only Foil,B. oBlack PE 014 (V41, 45)

A4 (V8, 7, 4, 3, 1)

Protection Devices, Ripping Behaviour of Foils Protection Devices, Ripping Behaviour of Foils Protection Devices, Ripping Behaviour of Foils Protection Devices, Ripping Behaviour of Foils

40,0 mm

40,0 mm

60,0 mm

Sample

with laser-

weakening

Impactor