Upload
truongkiet
View
220
Download
4
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Powerpoint Templates Page 1
Powerpoint Templates
Medical Immunology DNML 1142
by Mr Norazli Ghadin
Powerpoint Templates Page 2
Assesment
Carry mark : 40%(Mid sem & Assigment)
Final Exam : 60%
Powerpoint Templates Page 3
INTRO. CELL&ORGAN HOW DISEASE TEST
1. Definition
2. Importanc
e
3. Type of
immunity
4. General
characteri
stic
Cell
1. Agranulocyte
• Lymphocyte
• Monocyte
2. Granulocyte
• Neutrophils
• Basophils
• Eosinophils
3. Dendritic cell
4. Mast cell
5. Others
Organ
1. Lymphoid
primer
• Bone
marrow
• Thymus
2.Lymphoid
secondary
• Lymphatic
Vessel
• Lymph
Nodes
1. Antigen
2. Antibody
3. Agglutinatio
n
4. Non-specific
immunity
• First barrier
• Scnd barrier
5. Specific
immunity
• Third barrier
6. cytokines
1. Hypersen
sitivity
2. HLA @
MHC
3. Immunol
ogical
disorder
1. Immun
oassay
2. immun
ofluore
scence
Powerpoint Templates Page 4
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. A SHORT COURCE IMMUNOLOGY FIFTH EDITION
Author: Richard coico, Geoffrey sunshine, El Benjamin
2. A SHORT COURCE IMMUNOLOGY SECOND EDITION
Author: Eli Benjamin and friends
3. Others
Powerpoint Templates Page 5
Introduction
Learning objectives:
1. Understanding immunology definition in
terms of language and terminology
2. Knowing the importance of the immune
system
3. Knowing the types of the immune system in
humans and the general characteristics
Powerpoint Templates Page 6
DEFINITION Immunology–
Immunis (Greek) : exempt, free
Logos : science
Definition:
the study of the reaction of tissues of the immune system of the body to antigenic stimulation.
Powerpoint Templates Page 7
Terminology
• Antibody - A protein substance produced in
the blood or tissues in response to a specific
antigen that destroys or weakens bacteria and
neutralizes organic poisons.
• Antigen - Any substance that stimulates
the immune system to manufacture
antibodies
Powerpoint Templates Page 9
Importance of Immunity
• Protect the body from harmful
substances (viruses, bacteria,
fungi, pathogens, parasites, etc.)
• Destroy abnormal cells in the body
(cancer cells)
• Prevent the unwanted destruction
of its own cells (Autoimmune
disease)
Powerpoint Templates Page 10
Future importance ….
Combination of immunology, genetics and
biotechnology studies may to contribute to an
understanding of: -
• Infection
• Cancer of the bone marrow and blood cells
• Allergic reaction
• Autoimmune disease
• Deficiency of immune cells
• Diseases associated with immunosuppresion
Powerpoint Templates Page 11
Types of Immunity
1) INNATE IMMUNITY
2) ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
Powerpoint Templates Page 12
General Characteristics
1. Not specific to a particular antigen
2. Prompt and quick response (minutes)
3. No memory
4. Components of immunity:
– Natural defense (e.g. skins)
– Phagocytes
– Solute (complement protein)
INNATE@NATURAL IMMUNITY
Powerpoint Templates Page 13
1. Specific to a particular antigen
2. Slow response (a few days)
3. have memory
4. Immune components:
1. Lymphocytes
2. Antibodies
5. Example :Chicken pox, rubella vaccine
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
Powerpoint Templates Page 14
NATURAL IMMUNITY
1) Physical barrier
- skin
- mucous membrane in respiratory
- hairs in the nasal tract
- lining cells of the intestinal tract
Powerpoint Templates Page 15
2) Chemical barrier
- gastric juice
- saliva (air liur)
- sweat (peluh)
- tears
- human milk
Powerpoint Templates Page 16
3) Phagocytosis
- phagocyte cells engulf and destroy an
invading organism, cellular debris, toxin
and foreign body..
*phagocytic cells
- Neutrophil and macrophages
Powerpoint Templates Page 17
4) Action of natural killer cells
- non-specific, non-phagocytic cells which
can damage virus-infected tissue cells..
5) Action of body’s natural microbial flora
(bacteria normally found in certain part of
the body)
6) Influence by genetic factor
Powerpoint Templates Page 18
• Specific immune reaction against a
foreign antigen (invading organism,
harmful cell or toxic substance)
• 2 types of reaction
– Humoral immune response (humoral)
– Cell mediated immune response
(cellular)
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
Powerpoint Templates Page 19
Terminology
• Humoral immunity :
a form of immunity mediated by circulating
antibodies (immunoglobulins IgA, IgB, and
IgM), which coat the antigens and target them
for destruction by polymorphonuclear
neutrophils.
• Cell mediated : mechanism of acquired immunity characterized
by the dominant role of T cell lymphocytes.
Powerpoint Templates Page 20
• Humoral immune response
- Antibody produced by antigen stimulated immune cells
(B-lymphocyte)
- Circulate in the blood
- Produce antibody to react specifically against the
specific antigen
• Cell-mediated immune response
– Immune cells (T-Lymphocyte and
macrophages) directly attack intracellular
pathogens, tumor cells and foreign tissue
Powerpoint Templates Page 21
Acquired Immunity
1. Active
2. Passive
Powerpoint Templates Page 22
Active acquired immunity
recognized a foreign antigen
react specifically
destruction
inactivate
record information about it..
Powerpoint Templates Page 23
• Occurs when:
– Naturally when the body exposed
to infection
– Artificially when a person is
stimulated to produce antibodies
(immunized or vaccinated against
a particular disease)
Powerpoint Templates Page 24
Passive acquired immunity
• Antibody that has been formed in
another person/animal are
introduced into the body of a non-
immune person (antibody transfer)
• Occurs when:
– Naturally (from placenta to baby
during pregnancy, breast milk)
– Artificially (receive
antitoxin/gammaglobulin in the
treatment)
Powerpoint Templates Page 25
• Natural (Non-specific)
– Mechanical barrier
– Chemical barrier
– Phagocytosis
– Killer cells
– Body’s natural microbial
flora
– Genetic factor
• Acquired (Specific)
– Pasive
• Transplacental/breast
milk
• Antitoxin/gammaglobuli
n
– Active
• Infection
• Immunization/vaccinati
on
summary
Powerpoint Templates Page 26
Objective Checks
1. What is immunology?
2. What is immunity?
3. What is types of immunity?
4. Characteristic of innate immunity
5. Examples of innate immunity
6. Characteristic of acquired immunity?
7. Example of acquired immunity?
8. Describe humoral immunity
9. Describe cell mediated?
10. What is the differences of passive and active
immunity?
11. What is differences of humoral and passive
immunity?