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Sickle Cell Anemia -basics (? #1)
OSickle cell anemia (or sickle-cell disease) is an inherited disorder of the red blood cells– it causes blood cells to collapse and distort into sickle shapes when oxygen is low.
Normal hemoglobin (? #3 a,b)OHemoglobin is a
protein found in red blood cells.
OHemoglobin binds to oxygen and transports oxygen to all the cells in your body.
How is hemoglobin S different from hemoglobin A? (? #3c)What happens after hemoglobin S releases oxygen? (? #3d)O Hemoglobin A (normal) is different from
hemoglobin S by only one single component (amino acid)
O This small difference in structure causes the hemoglobin S to crystalize when oxygen is released.
O This causes the blood cells to collapse and form a sickle-shape.
What consequences to the sickle cells have on people with the disease? (? #5)
O Because of their shape, sickle cells cannot easily flow through small blood vessels.
O They get trapped and stop the flow of blood- preventing vital organs from getting blood.
O Sometimes small blood vessels burst causing internal bleeding and pain.
O Sickle cell animation
Symptoms of sickle-cell disease (? #4)
OJaundiceOAnemiaOPainODamaged
organs and organ failure
OStroke
Sickle cell anemia vs. ‘sickle cell trait’(? #6)
O People with Sickle cell trait SCT) are generally healthy, but carry one allele for the disease (heterozygous)O The alleles are co-dominant
O Thus, although not sick themselves, carriers could pass on the trait to children.
Test used to detect SCA/SCTO Change in single amino acid alters the shape and
electrical charge on the hemoglobinO Hemoglobin A is slightly MORE negative than
Hemoglobin SO This means in a gel, A will travel faster and farther
than S.
NPR Radio Article: NCAA and Sickle Cell Trait- Should
Athletes Get Tested?NPR: should testing be required?
O Title a page in your journal ‘NCAA and Sickle-Cell Trait’
O List key facts during the first round of listening.
O During the second round of listening, list reasons for and against getting tested for sickle-cell trait.