SIAC Protection Relay Manual

7/27/2019 SIAC Protection Relay Manual

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Sia_Manu_Siac_Ing_R013

USERS MANUAL

SIA CSelf-powered & Dual-powered overcurrent & earth fault relay


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1. RECEPTION, HANDLING, INSTALLATION ..................................................... 6

1.1. Unpacking ................................................................................................................................. 6

1.2. Reception of relays .................................................................................................................. 6

1.3. Handling electronic equipment ............................................................................................... 6

1.4. Installation, commissioning and service ............................................................................... 7

1.5. Storage ...................................................................................................................................... 7

1.6. Recycling ................................................................................................................................... 7

2. DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS .............................................. 8

2.1. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type A ....................................................... 8

2.2. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type B and C ............................................ 9

2.3. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type D and E .......................................... 10

2.4. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type F ..................................................... 112.5. KITCOM Dimensions .............................................................................................................. 12

2.6. Striker Dimensions (in mm) ................................................................................................... 13

2.7. TCM Dimensions .................................................................................................................... 14

2.8. Connection diagrams ............................................................................................................. 15

2.9. Terminals ................................................................................................................................. 29

2.9.1. Physical layout of SIA-C type A, D and E terminals ............................................................. 29

2.9.2. Physical layout of SIA-C types B and C terminals ................................................................ 31

2.9.3. Physical layout of SIA-C type F terminals ............................................................................. 32

2.9.4. Physical layout of SIAC, external trip at 230 Vac ................................................................. 33

3. DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 34

3.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 34

3.2. Description .............................................................................................................................. 34

3.3. Functional Diagram ................................................................................................................ 38

3.4. Model List ................................................................................................................................ 39

3.5. Phase CT and neutral CT selection ...................................................................................... 40

3.5.1. Load curve for relay SIAC/1 .................................................................................................. 41

3.5.2. Load curve for relay SIAC/5 .................................................................................................. 41

4. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS ............................................................................ 42

4.1. General settings ..................................................................................................................... 42

4.2. 50P Function . Phase instantaneous overcurrent ............................................................... 42

4.3. 51P Function. Phase inverse time overcurrent ................................................................... 43

4.4. 50N/50G Function. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent. ..................................................... 43

4.5. 51N/51G Function. Neutral inverse time overcurrent. ........................................................ 44

4.6. External trip ............................................................................................................................. 44

4.7. Trip Bus ................................................................................................................................... 45

4.8. Protection Settings ................................................................................................................. 48
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4.9. IEC60255-151 Curves ............................................................................................................. 50

4.10. Application examples ......................................................................................................... 54

5. MONITORING AND CONTROL ...................................................................... 60

5.1. Measurements ........................................................................................................................ 60

5.2. Status and Events .................................................................................................................. 60

5.3. Fault reports ............................................................................................................................ 64

5.4. Self-diagnosis ......................................................................................................................... 65

5.5. Date-time synchronisation .................................................................................................... 65

5.6. Digital Outputs ........................................................................................................................ 66

5.7. Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration (without trip bus) ............ 66

5.8. Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration (with trip bus) .................. 67

5.9. Test program ........................................................................................................................... 675.10. Power supply ....................................................................................................................... 69

5.10.1. Self Power: CT-5A or CT-1 A, 0,2 x In rated in single phase ........................................... 69

5.10.2. Battery power: 12V, with a KITCOM adaptor .................................................................... 69

5.10.3. 230 Vac or 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz auxiliary power ................................................................. 70

5.10.4. 24 Vdc auxiliary power supply ........................................................................................... 70

5.11. Equipment starting up time. Fault trip time during starting up of the equipment. ...... 70

5.11.1. SIAC for striker .................................................................................................................. 71

5.11.2. SIAC for coil ...................................................................................................................... 73

5.12. Opening mechanism ........................................................................................................... 75

5.12.1. Striker activation ................................................................................................................ 75

5.12.2. Coil activation by means of a free potential contact .......................................................... 76

5.12.3. Coil activation by means of TCM adapter ......................................................................... 76

6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS ..................................... 77

6.1. Technical Specifications........................................................................................................ 77

6.2. Thermal resistance ................................................................................................................. 79

6.3. Standards ................................................................................................................................ 80

7. COMMUNICATION AND HMI .......................................................................... 827.1. Communication ...................................................................................................................... 82

7.2. Front communication. RS232 ................................................................................................ 82

7.3. Rear communication. RS485 ................................................................................................. 83

7.4. Bistable magnetic indicators ................................................................................................ 84

7.5. LED Indicators ........................................................................................................................ 84

7.6. LCD and keypad ..................................................................................................................... 85

7.7. SICom communications program ......................................................................................... 85

7.8. Setting-up the session: Password and access levels ........................................................ 86

7.9. Menus ...................................................................................................................................... 87


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7.9.1. Standby mode screen ........................................................................................................... 87

7.9.2. Accessing the menus ............................................................................................................ 87

7.9.3. Date-time menu .................................................................................................................... 88

7.9.4. Versions ................................................................................................................................ 88

7.9.5. Fault reports .......................................................................................................................... 88

7.9.6. Communication parameters: ................................................................................................. 89

7.9.7. Test menu ............................................................................................................................. 90

7.9.8. Functions menu .................................................................................................................... 93

7.9.9. Measurements menu ............................................................................................................ 94

7.9.10. Status menu ...................................................................................................................... 95

7.9.11. Settings menu ................................................................................................................. 102

7.9.12. Events menu ................................................................................................................... 107

8. MODBUS RTU PROTOCOL .......................................................................... 110

8.1. ModBus package format ...................................................................................................... 111

8.2. Function codes ..................................................................................................................... 111

8.3. Exemptions an error answers ............................................................................................. 112

8.4. Data type................................................................................................................................ 112

8.5. Memory map of SIA-C .......................................................................................................... 113

8.6. General Status Map .............................................................................................................. 115

8.7. Counters Map ........................................................................................................................ 115

8.8. Commands Map .................................................................................................................... 115

8.9. Measures Map ....................................................................................................................... 116

8.10. Protection criteria map ..................................................................................................... 116

8.11. Protection status map ...................................................................................................... 116

8.12. Events list .......................................................................................................................... 120

8.13. Settings map ..................................................................................................................... 122

8.14. Examples of ModBus frames ........................................................................................... 124

8.14.1. Writing the access password 5555 to equipment no. 1 ................................................ 124

8.14.2. Reading the 4 measurements from the primary winding of equipment no. 1 ................. 1258.14.3. Reading the protection status of equipment no. 1 .......................................................... 126

9. COMMISSIONING ......................................................................................... 127

9.1. Checklist for commissioning .............................................................................................. 127

9.2. Inspection .............................................................................................................................. 127

9.3. Electrostatic discharge ........................................................................................................ 127

9.4. Visual inspection .................................................................................................................. 127

9.5. Earthing ................................................................................................................................. 127

9.6. Current transformers ........................................................................................................... 127

9.7. Auxiliary power ..................................................................................................................... 127


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9.8. RS232 Front communications port ..................................................................................... 128

9.9. Commissioning ..................................................................................................................... 128

10. APPENDIX ..................................................................................................... 129

10.1. Identification ...................................................................................................................... 129

10.2. Checks ............................................................................................................................... 131

10.3. Test menu .......................................................................................................................... 131

10.4. Register of commissioning settings ............................................................................... 131

10.5. Inputs ................................................................................................................................. 132

10.6. Outputs .............................................................................................................................. 133

10.7. Comments ......................................................................................................................... 133


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1. RECEPTION, HANDLING, INSTALLATION

1.1. Unpacking

Relays must only be handled by qualified personnel and special care must be taken to protectall of their parts from any damage while they are being unpacked and installed. The use ofgood illumination is recommended to facilitate the equipment visual inspection. The facility mustbe clean and dry and relays should not be stored in places that are exposed to dust or humidity.Special care must be taken if construction work is taking place.

1.2. Reception of relays

It is necessary to inspect the equipment at the time it is delivered to ensure that the relays havenot been damaged during transport.

If any defect is found, the transport company and FANOX should be informed immediately.

If the relays are not for immediate use, they should be returned to their original packaging.

1.3. Handling electronic equipment

Relays contain an electronic component that is sensitive to electrostatic discharges.

Just by moving, a person can build up an electrostatic potential of several thousand volts.Discharging this energy into electronic components can cause serious damage to electroniccircuits. It is possible that this damage may not be detected straight away, but the electroniccircuit reliability and life will be reduced. This electronic component in the equipment is wellprotected by the metal housing, which should not be removed as the equipment cannot beadjusted internally.

If it is necessary to disassemble the electronic component, this must be carried out with careand contact with electronic components, printed circuits and connections must be avoided toprevent an electrostatic discharge that could damage one of the components. If the electroniccomponents are stored outside the metal housing, they must be placed in an antistaticconductive bag.

If it is necessary to open a module, care must be taken to preserve the equipment reliability and

the duration of the life cycle as designed by the manufacturer by taking the following actions:

Touch the housing to ensure that you have the same potential

Avoid touching the electronic components and handle the module by its edges.

Remember that everyone who handles the module must have the same potential.

Use a conductive bag to transport the module.

For more information about how to handle electronic circuits, consult official documents such asthe IEC 147-OF.


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1.4. Installation, commissioning and service

The personnel in charge of installing, commissioning and maintaining this equipment must bequalified and must be aware of the procedures for handling it. The product documentationshould be read before installing, commissioning or carrying out maintenance work on theequipment.

Personnel should take specific protection measures to avoid the risk of electronic dischargewhen access is unlocked on the rear part of the equipment.

In order to guarantee safety, the crimp terminal and a suitable tool must be used to meetisolation requirements on the terminal strip. Crimped terminations must be used for the voltageand current connections.

It is necessary to connect the equipment to earth through the corresponding terminal, using theshortest possible cable. As well as guaranteeing safety for the personnel, this connectionallows high frequency noise to be evacuated directly to earth.

The following checks must be performed before the equipment is supplied:

The rated voltage and polarity. The power rating of the CT circuit and the integrity of the connections.

The integrity of the earth connection.

The equipment must be used within the stipulated electrical and environmental limits.

Note referred to current transformer circuits: Do not open a live CT secondary circuit. The highvoltage produced as a result could damage the isolation and threaten lives.

1.5. Storage

If the relays are not going to be installed immediately, they must be stored in a dust- andhumidity free environment after the visual inspection has been performed.

1.6. Recycling

Before recycling the equipment, the capacitors should be discharged through the externalterminals. All electrical power sources should be removed before performing this operation toavoid the risk of electrical discharge.

This product must be disposed of in a safe way. It should not be incinerated or brought into

contact with water sources like rivers, lakes, etc


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2. DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS

2.1. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type A

CUT-OUT PATTERN


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2.2. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type B and C

CUT-OUT PATTERN


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2.3. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type D and E

CUT-OUT PATTERN


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2.4. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type F

CUT-OUT PATTERN


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2.5. KITCOM Dimensions

30 mm

70 mm

40 mm


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2.6. Striker Dimensions (in mm)

A 44,5

B 49,5

C 56,5

D 64,5

E 42,5


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2.7. TCM Dimensions


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2.8. Connection diagrams

Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement

Sensitive Neutral Trip: Striker

Neutral Sensitive Neutral

Trip Striker

Supply 230Vac (depending on model)


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Sensitive Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM


Trip Striker + TCM



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Sensitive Neutral Trip: ATC (free potential trip)


Trip ATC



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Solid Neutral Trip: Striker

Neutral Solid neutral

Trip Striker



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Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM


Trip TCM



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Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (free potential trip)


Trip ATC



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Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply 3 phase

transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker


Trip Striker



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transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM


Trip TCM



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transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip)


Trip ATC



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transformers: Measurement Sensible Neutral Trip: Striker

Neutral Sensible neutral

Trip Striker


(*) For trip: Trip: Coil + TCM and trip: ATC, the same as in previous examples)


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In SIACxxxx4xxxxx, external trip is at 230 Vac. Connection diagram are as follow:

3 phase CTs and sensible neutral:


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3 phase CTs and solid neutral


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3 phase transformers: Measurement, 3 phase transformer: Power supply and

solid neutral


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3 phase transformers: Measurement, 3 phase transformer: Power supply and

sensible neutral


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2.9. Terminals

2.9.1. Physical layout of SIA-C type A, D and E terminals

A1 Phase A current input for measurement D1 Auxiliary Voltage -

A2 Phase A current output for measurement D2 Auxiliary Voltage +

A3 Phase B current input for measurement D3-D4 External trip

A4 Phase B current output for measurement D5 Positive for the inputs

A5 Phase C current input for measurement D6 Digital input 1

A6 Phase C current output for measurement D7 Digital input 2


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A7 Neutral current input for measurement D8 Common digital input

A8 Neutral current output for measurement D9 Gnd

B1 Phase A current input for power supply D10 Digital output 1 NC

B2 Phase A current output for power supply D11 Digital 1 common output

B3 Phase B current input for power supply D12 Digital output 1 NA

B4 Phase B current output for power supply D13 Digital output 2 NC

B5 Phase C current input for power supply D14 Digital 2 common output

B6 Phase C current output for power supply D15 Digital output 2 NA

D16 Trip output positive / ACT Potential Free Trip

D17 Trip output gnd / ACT Potential Free Trip

D18 RS485 gnd

D19 RS485 B -

D20 RS485 A +

Earthing screw


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2.9.2. Physical layout of SIA-C types B and C terminals

A1 Phase A current input for measurement D1 Auxiliary Voltage -

A2 Phase A current output for measurement D2 Auxiliary Voltage +

A3 Phase B current input for measurement D3-D4 External trip

A4 Phase B current output for measurement D5 Positive for the inputs

A5 Phase C current input for measurement D6 Digital input 1

A6 Phase C current output for measurement D7 Digital input 2

A7 Neutral current input for measurement D8 Common digital input

A8 Neutral current output for measurement D9 Gnd

B1 Phase A current input for power supply D10 Digital output 1 NC

B2 Phase A current output for power supply D11 Digital 1 common output

B3 Phase B current input for power supply D12 Digital output 1 NA

B4 Phase B current output for power supply D13 Digital output 2 NC

B5 Phase C current input for power supply D14 Digital 2 common output

B6 Phase C current output for power supply D15 Digital output 2 NA

D16 Trip output positive / ACT Potential Free Trip

D17 Trip output gnd / ACT Potential Free Trip

D18 RS485 gnd

D19 RS485 B -

D20 RS485 A +

Earthing screw


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2.9.3. Physical layout of SIA-C type F terminals

A1 Phase A current input for Measurement & power supply

A2 Phase A current output for Measurement & power supply

A3 Phase B current input for Measurement & power supply

A4 Phase B current output for Measurement & power supply

A5 Phase C current input for Measurement & power supply

A6 Phase C current output for Measurement & power supply

A7 Neutral current input for Measurement & power supply

A8 Neutral current output for Measurement & power supply

D10 Phase Trip digital output common

D11 Phase Trip digital output NC

D12 Neutral Trip digital output common

D13 Neutral Trip digital output NC

D14 Watchdog digital output common

D15 Watchdog digital output NC

D16 Trip output positive

D17 Trip output gnd


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2.9.4. Physical layout of SIAC, external trip at 230 Vac

A1 Phase A current input for Measurement & power supply D1-D2 External trip (230 V)

A2 Phase A current output for Measurement & power supply D10 Digital output 1 NC

A3 Phase B current input for Measurement & power supply D11 Digital 1 common output

A4 Phase B current output for Measurement & power supply D12 Digital output 1 NA

A5 Phase C current input for Measurement & power supply D13 Digital output 2 NC

A6 Phase C current output for Measurement & power supply D14 Digital 2 common output

A7 Neutral current input for Measurement & power supply D15 Digital output 2 NA

A8 Neutral current output for Measurement & power supply D16 Trip output positive / ACT Potential Free Trip

B1 Phase A current input for power supply D17 Trip output gnd / ACT Potential Free Trip

B2 Phase A current output for power supply

B3 Phase B current input for power supply

B4 Phase B current output for power supply

B5 Phase C current input for power supply

B6Phase C current output for power supply


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3. DESCRIPTION

3.1. Introduction

Worldwide, the energy sector is currently undergoing a profound change as a result of highlevels of energy demand; more distribution lines and advanced supervision systems arerequired. Given the need for creating intelligent infrastructure, FANOX has developed the SIAfamily of products to carry out this function.

The family of SIA relays is designed to protect the secondary transformation and distributioncentres of electricity grids. Protection features include protection against instantaneous andinverse time overcurrent (for the phases and the neutral), and it also has external trip support(temperature, pressure, etc.) depending on the characteristics of each model.

The protection functions can be enabled selectively by using both the front panel and thecommunications links to the SIcom program, allowing for precise coordination with otherequipment.

One of the most significant features of the SIA-C is that it eliminates the need for maintenance,as it uses the operating current to power itself. Additional benefits include that all of the modelshave been designed to be supplied from an external battery. This is aimed at facilitating eventmanagement and the commissioning of centres, as well as allowing it to operate properly underadverse conditions.

3.2. Description

The SIA-C equipment is a protection relay designed for secondary distribution. One of its maincharacteristics is the ability to power itself by using the cell current. Standard 5A or 1A

secondary current transformers are used for this, which allow self power with lower levels ofcurrent.

The equipment is operative with 0.2 times the secondaryrated single-phase current and with 0.1 times thesecondary rated three-phase current; in other words, theequipment powers itself with 1 A of single-phase currentand with 0.5 A of three-phase current with the SIAC5*models, and the equipment powers itself with 200 mA ofsingle-phase current and with 0.100A of three-phasecurrent with the SIAC1* models. It is important toconsider that, despite of the device starts up with thosevalues and trip output is activated in those values, toactivate the other optional outputs (phase trip and

neutral trip) it is needed a minimum of 0.330 times thesecondary rated single-phase current and a minimum of0.200 times the secondary rated three-phase current.


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The equipment is maintenance free when this type of power supply is used, as it does notrequire auxiliary power components (batteries). As a result, it is especially useful in any centreswere auxiliary power is not available or cannot be guaranteed. As well as using the current topower itself, it can also be powered from a 12V battery and an auxiliary power source (optional,

can be selected for each model).It has phase and neutral overcurrent protection functions. As an option, which can be selected

for each model, it can be fitted with a direct trip input, normally connected to a bimetallic contactwhich is activated by excess heat and is fitted to the power transformer. This serves as abackup to the overcurrent functions.

The SIA-C equipment comes in a metal box with galvanic isolation on all of its measurement,trip or power supply inputs and outputs (with the exception of ports for communications and thebattery power supply, as these are sporadic connections). This allows the equipment to havethe best possible level of electromagnetic compatibility, both in terms of emission of, andimmunity from, radiated and conducted interference. These levels are the same as thoseestablished for primary substations.

The equipment has an LCD with two lines and twenty columns and a membrane keyboard with

six buttons. These allow the equipment status, the current measurements in the primarywinding and the events or incidents associated with the equipment to be seen, and adjustmentsto be made to the protection criteria. Depending on the model, these events can be saved in anon-volatile memory to keep them when there is no power.

There are three bistable magnetic indicators (or only one magnetic bistable depending onmodel) on the front of the SIA-C equipment. These indicate the causes of trips, and continue togive a signal even if the relay loses power. It is also fitted with three LED indicators, which blinkto show the type of power that is being used at any time.

As regards signalling, there are four possibilities to choose from when the model is selected:

Without inputs or outputs

Signalling (2 outputs)

Trip bus (2 inputs and 2 outputs) Signalling (3 outputs: 2 outputs + 1 Watchdog output)

The equipment has storage for up to 500 events, allowing any registered incidents to beanalysed. RTC (Real Time Clock) is available for all SIA-C models.

Current measurements are performed using RMS values, with an accuracy of 2% on a band of20% over the nominal current and 4% over the rest of the range.

The equipment has two communication ports: a front port (RS232) and an optional rear port(RS485). The RS232 port allows a PC to be connected, which can be used to monitor theequipment using the SICom communications program (supplied by FANOX). A 12V battery canalso be used to power the equipment through this front port by using the adapter (KITCOM).The rear port RS485 allows the equipment to be integrated as part of a system (SCADA). The

Modbus RTU protocol is used in both ports. Setting-up a session allows four levels of access tobe set up with passwords that can be configured by the user.

The protective functions provided, easy-to-use interface, low amount of maintenance andsimple integration make the SIA-C a precise and practical solution for protecting both industrialand public electrical grids and transformation and distribution centres. It even provides theseprotective functions in situations where auxiliary power sources are not available or not reliable.The protection offered by the SIA-C against earth faults is sensitive enough to be used inelectric systems where the earth fault current is low. It can be set to 0.1 times the rated neutralcurrent and, depending on the model, the rated neutral current can go as low as 0.1 A.

Due to the installation cubicle space of SIA-C equipments, some different mechanics havebeen developed for the same equipments. Mechanics A, D,E and F were developed with cubicsize and mechanics type B and C have been currently designed. In these last mechanics the

flatness takes precedence, being the depth of the equipment from the front to the border of theterminals 101,25 mm. Mechanics type B and C are exactly the same in terms of external


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dimensions. Mechanics type B introduces one magnetic indicator and mechanics type Cintroduces three magnetic indicators. Mechanics type D and E are exactly the same in terms ofexternal dimensions. Mechanics type D introduces one magnetic indicator and mechanics typeE introduces three magnetic indicators. Besides, mechanic A introduce three magnetic indicator

and it is withdrawable and mechanic F introduces two magnetic indicators and handles.The main features of the equipment are listed below, and these features will be explained in therest of the manual:

Function Description SIA-C

Protection

50P Phase instantaneous overcurrent protection function 1(*)

50N/50G Neutral instantaneous overcurrent protection function 1(*)

51P Phase inverse time overcurrent protection function 1

51N/51G Neutral inverse time overcurrent protection function 1

External trip Overtemperature protection Optional

68 Trip Bus Optional

Measurements

Phase and neutral RMS measurement with 2% accuracy on aband of 20% over the nominal current and 4% over the rest ofthe range.

Inputs and Outputs

External trip input Optional

Trip bus (2 physical inputs) Optional

Trip output

24 Vdc - 288 mJ

Potential free (optional)

Signalling output Optional

Communication and HMI

Front port: RS232 (ModBus RTU, 19200)

Rear port: RS485 (ModBus RTU, 19200) Optional

SICom Program

Setting-up the session: 4 access levels with configurablepasswords

(*) NOTE: In SIACXXXXXXXXXXA there are two levels of 50P function (50P_1, 50P_2) and

two levels of 50N/50G function (50N_1/50G_1, 50N_2/50G_2)


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Function Description SIA-C

Control and signalling

HMI: LCD, 20x2 and 6 keys + 1 reset button

Bistable magnetic indicators Up to 3

LED Indicators Up to 3

Signalling outputs (2 outputs) Optional

Trip bus (2 inputs and 2 outputs) Optional

Signalling outputs (2 Signalling outputs + 1 to Watchdog) Optional

Power

Self powered with CT /5 or /1 (0.2xIn single phase)

Auxiliary power: 230 Vac, 50/60 Hz Optional

Auxiliary power: 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz Optional

Auxiliary power: 24 Vdc Optional

Battery power: 12V with Kitcom adaptor

Monitoring and Records

Events saved in the volatile RAM* memory Optional

Events saved in the non-volatile FRAM* memory Optional

Real-Time Clock (RTC)

Test menu

Self-diagnosis

*Events stored in the RAM are deleted in the case of an electrical power fault. Events registered in the FRAM are

maintained when there is a power fault, as it is a non-volatile memory. A maximum of 500 events can be stored.


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3.3. Functional Diagram

NOTE: In SIACXXXXXXXXXXA there are two levels of 50P function (50P_1, 50P_2) andtwo levels of 50N function (50N_1,50N_2)


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3.4. Model List

TYPE

PHASE

MEASURE

MENT

NEUTRAL

MEASURE

MENT

NETFREQUENCY

POWERSU

PPLY

ADDITION

AL

FUNCTION

S

COMMUN

ICATIONS

INPUTS-O

UTPUTS

FASTSTAR

TUP&

MEMORY

LANGUAG

E

MECHANICS

ADAPTA

TION

SIAC

SIAC 50P+51P+50N+51N

1

5

1 A

5 A

1

5

A

B

1 A

5 A

0,1 A

0,2 A

5

6

50 Hz

60 Hz

0

1

2

3

Self-powered

Self- powered + 230 Vac

Self-powered + 110 Vac

Self-powered + 24 Vdc

0

1

2

3

4

For striker

For striker and with external trip (49T)

For coil

For coil and with external trip (49T)

For striker and 230 Vac adapted external trip

0

1

Local ModBus port (RS 232).

+ Remote ModBus port (RS485).

0

1

2

3

-

2 outputs to signalling

2 outputs and 2 inputs for Trip Bus function (68)

2 outputs to signalling + 1 output to Watchdog

1

2

-

+ Fast startup

A

B

D

English, Spanish, French and German

English, Spanish , French and Turkish

English , Spanish , French and Russian

A

B

C

D

E

F

Vertical assembly, withdraw able with 3 M. Flags

Horizontal assembly with 1 magnetic Flag

Horizontal assembly with 3 magnetic Flag

Vertical assembly with 1 magnetic Flag

Vertical assembly with 3 magnetic Flag

Vertical assembly with 2 magnetic Flags and handles+ Blacklight LCD

-

A

-

+ 50P_2 + 50N_2 + 3 Settings group


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3.5. Phase CT and neutral CT selection

The following table shows a summary of phase and neutral CT combinations:

Model Phase Neutral Phase range Neutral range

SIAC55 CT 5 A Residual phase connection 1-150 A 1-150 A

SIAC11 CT 1 A Residual phase connection 0,2-30 A 0,2-30 A

SIAC51 CT 5 A CT 1 A 1-150 A 0,2-30 A


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3.5.1. Load curve for relay SIAC/1

3.5.2. Load curve for relay SIAC/5

0

2

4

6

8

AverageVoltage(V)

SIAC/1 Circuito de Autoalimentacion y Medida SIAC/1 Circuito de Medida

LOAD CURVE FOR RELAY SIAC/1

0

1

2

3

4

Avera

geVoltage(V)

SIAC/5 Circuito de Autoalimentacion y Medida SIAC/5 Circuito de Medida

LOAD CURVE FOR RELAY SIAC/5


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4. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

4.1. General settings

Aditionally, it is necessary to define some previous parameters that will provide the SIACrelay information about what and how it is going to protect.

Function Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default

General

Equipment identifier - - - -enter

your text

CT phase ratio 1 2000 1 - 1

CTneutral ratio 1 2000 1 - 1

Frequency - - 60/50 Hz 50

Language 0 3 1 - ENGLISH

4.2. 50P Function . Phase instantaneous overcurrent

This protection function can be set by using three parameters:


50P_1

(*) 50P_2

Phase instantaneous overcurrent

Permission - - Yes/No - No

Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 I nominal 5,00

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 S 0,02

The operating time is independent from the operating current flowing through the equipment, so

if the phase current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of timethan this preset value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until thevalue of the phase drops below the point of current pick-up.

The function activates at 100% of the preset input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset isinstantaneous.

The accuracy of the operating time is equal to the preset time plus a maximum of 30 ms.

(*) NOTE: In SIACXXXXXXXXXXA there are two levels of 50P function (50P_1, 50P_2)


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4.3. 51P Function. Phase inverse time overcurrent

This protection function can be set by using five parameters:


51P Phase inverse time overcurrent


Curve - - (1*) - Extremely Inverse

Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01 - 1,25

Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 I nominal 1,00

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02

(1*) Inverse, Very inverse, Extremely inverse, Defined time

If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like aninstantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is set by the parameter"Operating time".

If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, theoperating time depends on the curve, dial and tap settings.

If the unit operates with defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set tap value, andit deactivates at 95%.

If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 110% of the set pick-up value, andit deactivates at 100%.

The reset is instantaneous in both cases.

The activation time is accurate to 5% or 30ms, whichever is greater, of the theoreticalactivation time.

The curves used are IEC 60255-151, which are described in the "Curves" section.

4.4. 50N/50G Function. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent.

This protection function can be set by using three parameters:


50N_1/50G_1

(*)50N_2/50G_2

Neutral instantaneous overcurrent


Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal 1,00

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02

The operating time is completely independent from the operating current that flows through theequipment, so if the neutral current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greateramount of time than this preset value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not

reset itself until the value of the neutral drops below the point of current pick-up.


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The function activates at 100% of the preset input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset isinstantaneous.

The accuracy of the operation time is equal to the preset time plus a maximum of 30 ms.

(*) NOTE: In SIACXXXXXXXXXXA there are two levels of 50N/50G function (50N_1/50G_1,50N_2/50G_2)

4.5. 51N/51G Function. Neutral inverse time overcurrent.

This protection function can be set by using the following parameters:


51N/51G Neutral inverse time overcurrent


Curve - - (1*) - Extremely Inverse

Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01 - 1,25

Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 I nominal 0,50

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02


If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like aninstantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is adjusted by using the

parameter "Operating time".If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, theoperating time depends on the curve, dial and pick-up settings.

If the unit operates as defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set pick-up value,and it deactivates at 95%.

If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 110% of the set pick-up value, andit deactivates at 100%. The reset is instantaneous in both cases.

The activation time is accurate to 5% or 30ms, whichever is higher, of the theoreticalactivation time.

The curves used are IEC60255-151, which are described in the "Curves" section.

4.6. External trip

The equipment has a direct trip input, normally connected to a bimetallic contact fitted to thepower transformer. This serves as a backup to the overcurrent functions.

The input is operative from 0,2 times the single phase secondary nominal current. It allows theconnection of a bimetallic free potential contact. When this contact closes, it activates the input.

This input is especially protected against magnetic noise.


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4.7. Trip Bus

Optionally, (selectable by model), SIA-C equipment is provide with two outputs and two inputswhich can be used for implementing a trip bus.

It consists on implementing a trip bus using SIA-C relays. As you can see on the picture, thereare two relays with feeder functionality and one relay with supply functionality.

Relays with feeder functionality active the output 1 when detect the startup of function 50P or

51P and active the output 2 when detect the startup of function 50N/50G or 51N/51G.

Relays with supply functionality, block the trip of functions 50P and 51P when detect theactivation of input 1 and block the trip of functions 50N/50G and 51N/51G when detect theactivation of input 2.

The physical connection which is needed to perform is next: outputs 1 of feeder equipmentsmust be connected to the input 1 of the supply equipment and outputs 2 of feeder equipmentsmust be connected to the input 2 of the supply equipment.

Each one of the functions involved in trip bus (50P, 51P, 50N/50G and 51N/51G) has anassociated permission. If the associated permission is not enabled on feeder equipment, thestarting up of the function do not active the corresponding output. If the associated permissionis not enabled in the supply equipment, the activation of corresponding input will not block thetrip of the function.

Neutral and phase block signalling times are used for feeder application. When these times areadjusted to zero, the feeder signalling outputs activate and deactivate themselves following thestartup state of the corresponding functions.

When the phase block signalling time is adjusted to a value different from zero, once activatedthe startup of function 50P or 51P, output 1 keeps itself activated during this time. When theneutral block signalling time is adjusted to a value different from zero, once activated thestartup of function 50N/50G or 51N/51G, the output 2 keeps itself activated during this time.

The objective is not keeping blocked the supply relay indefinitely when the feeder relay fails insolving a fault. In this case, the typical setting value for this time is the trip time adjusted in thefeeder plus the opening failure time.

Phase and neutral block times are used for supply application. When these times are adjustedto zero, functions trip block and unblock are produced with the activation and deactivation of

SIA-C

supply

SIA-CSIA-C

feeder a feeder b

phase pickup

ground pickup

phase pickup

ground pickup

ground blocking input

phase blocking input


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corresponding inputs. When the phase block time is adjusted to a value different from zero,once activated the input 1, the block of functions 50P and 51P keeps itself activated during thistime. When the neutral block time is adjusted to a value different from zero, once activated theinput 2, the block of functions 50N/50G and 51N/51G keeps itself activated.

The objective is not keeping blocked the associated functions indefinitely when the input ofsupply equipment keeps itself activated. In this case, the typical setting value for these times isthe feeder trip time plus two times the opening failure time of the feeder.


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The settings associated to trip bus are the next:

Function Description Minimum Maximum Pass Unit Default

TRIP BUS Trip Bus

Application - - (1*) - Not activated

Trip Bus 50P - - Yes/No - Yes


Trip Bus 50N - - Yes/No - Yes


Phase BlockingTime 0.02 300 0,01 s 0.02

Neutral Blocking Time 0.02 300 0,01 s 0.02

Phase Blocking Signalling Time 0.02 300 0,01 s 0.02

Neutral Blocking Signalling Time 0.02 300 0,01 s 0.02

(1*) Not activated, Feeder, Supply, Feeder and Supply

The states associated to the trip bus are the next:

Group State Cause Associated Measurement

TRIP BUS 50P Block Activation/Deactivation -

51P Block Activation/Deactivation -

50N Block Activation/Deactivation -

51N Block Activation/Deactivation -

50P block signalling Activation/Deactivation -

51P block signalling Activation/Deactivation -

50N block signalling Activation/Deactivation -

51N block signalling Activation/Deactivation -


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4.8. Protection Settings

The SIA-C settings are listed below with their description, maximums, minimums, units and thevalues for the factory settings.

(*) NOTE: In SIACXXXXXXXXXXA there are two levels of 50P function (50P_1, 50P_2) andtwo levels of 50N/50G function (50N_1/50G_1,50N_2/50G_2)

Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default

50P_1

(*)50P_2

Phase instantaneous overcurrent


Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01I

nominal5,00

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02

51P Phase inverse time overcurrent


Curve - - (1*) -Extremely

Inverse

Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01 - 1,25

Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01I

nominal1,00

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02

50N/50G_1

(*)50N/50G_2

Neutral instantaneous overcurrent


Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01I

nominal1,00

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02

51N/51G Neutral inverse time overcurrent


Curve - - (1*) -

Extremely

Inverse

Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01 - 1,25

Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01I

nominal0,50

Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02


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68 Trip Bus

Application - - (2*) - Not activated



Trip Bus 50N/50G - - Yes/No - Yes


Phase Block Time 0 300 0,01 s 0

Neutral Block Time 0 300 0,01 s 0

Phase Blocksignalling time

0 300 0,01 s 0

Neutral Blocksignalling time

0 300 0,01 s 0

General

Equipment identifier - - - - enter yourtext

CT phase ratio 1 2000 1 - 1

CTneutral ratio 1 2000 1 - 1

Frequency - - 60/50 Hz 50

Language 0 3 1 - ENGLISH


(2*) Not activated, Feeder, Supply, Feeder and Supply

The equipment identifier setting can only be set through communications.

The frequency setting is read only. The equipment frequency is selected from the list of models.

The rest of the settings can be changed either from the HMI or through communications.

Every setting change involves the reset of the functions, activated or not.


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4.9. IEC60255-151 Curves

The SIA-C relay complies with the curves shown in standard IEC60255-151:

Inverse Curve

Very Inverse Curve Extremely Inverse Curve

There is a general mathematical equation that defines the time in seconds as a function of thecurrent:

KDBQV

DAt

P

adjustedI

IV

Parameters A P Q B K

Ext. Inverse 80 2 1 0 0

Very Inverse 13,5 1 1 0 0

Inverse 0,14 0,02 1 0 0

The curve can be displaced on the axis using the time dial, D, which can be adjusted by theuser. V is Times Tap

Iadjusted is the initial operating current, set by the user.
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4.10. Application examples

It is important to know that if both overcurrent protection functions (50 and 51), phase or neutral, areenable, definite time function (function 50) must be more restrictive. So, if overcurrent fault valuesare low, inverse time overcurrent function (function 51) must work, and if overcurrent fault reaches acertain value, definite time overcurrent function will always work. This is because, when overcurrentfault reach high values (I>>), it is necessary to be sure that trip is going to be instantaneous to getthat the element we are protecting, does not be damaged.

It is shown somo examples below:

APPLICATION EXAMPLE 1

Starting from the following information:

Line details:

Transformation ratio of CT =100/1

Primary current: Ip=100 A

51 function settings

Curve type: IEC Inverse

Dial: 0.05

Tap: 1xIn


Tap: 11xIn

Operating time: 0.05 s

Figure 1. 50 y 51 IEC Inverse


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If overcurrent fault is 11xIn=1100 Ap, IEC inverse curve defines a tripping value of 0.1425s (Figure1)for 51 function. It is considered that this time is too high, so when current fault reaches 11xI n, definitetime overcurrent function will be work.

The figure below (Figure 2), shows the tripping curve of the relay:

Figure 2. Relay tripping curve


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APPLICATION EXAMPLE 2:

Starting from the following information:

Line details:




Curve type: ANSI Extremely Inverse

Dial: 2.20

Tap: 1xIn


Tap: 14xIn

Operating time: 0.1 s

Figure 3. 50 y 51 ANSI Extremely Inverse

If overcurrent fault is 24xIn=12000 Ap, ANSI Extremely inverse curve defines a tripping value of0.376 s (Figure 3) for 51 function. It is considered that this time is too high, so when current faultreaches 24xIn, definite time overcurrent function will be work. 50 function tap is adjusted at 14xIn sodefinite time overcurrent function will trip when current fault is higher than 14xIn (50 function does notwait to reach 24xIn)


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APPLICATION EXAMPLE 3:

In this example it is explained what occurs when it is selected in curve type parameter DEFINITETIME. In this case, 51 function works as 50 function.

Starting from the following information

Line details:




Curve type: Definite time

Tap 1xIn

Operating time: 5 s


Tap: 15xIn

Operating time: 1 s

Figure 5. Function 51 (as 50) and function 50.

If overcurrent fault is 15xIn=1500 Ap, Definite time curve defines a tripping value of 5 s (Figure 5) for51 function. It is considered that this time is too high, so when current fault reaches 15xIn, definitetime overcurrent function will be work function 50).


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5. MONITORING AND CONTROL

5.1. Measurements

Measurements of the three-phase currents and the neutral current are given in RMS. Asampling of 16 samples/cycle is performed.

The accuracy of the measurement is 2% on a band of 20% over the nominal current and4% over the rest of the measurement range.

Below are shown the phase and neutral ranges of the SIA-C models:

Model Phase range Neutral range I rated phase I rated neutral

SIAC5* 1-150 A * 5 A *

SIAC1* 0,2-30 A * 1 A *

SIAC*5 * 1-150 A * 5 A

SIAC*1 * 0,2-30 A * 1 A

A transformer with a suitable current must be used to ensure correct operation. It must have thefollowing electrical characteristics: 5 VA 5P10 or 5VA 10P10, 1 A or 5 A secondary.

Frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz rated. 3 Hz

Thermal resistance 3 times rated current continously.20 imes rated current for 10 s.70 times rated current for 1s.

5.2. Status and Events

The status is given by real-time information generated by the equipment. Some statuses havean event associate with them, which is a register of a change made to the status. There arestatuses that have an activation event associated with them, and other statuses have twoassociated events: activation and reset. These events are registered in a circular memory

(buffer) with a capacity for up to 500 events. The memory timestamp is accurate to 1millisecond.

On the models list can be found the following options related to events:

Without non-volatile RAM memory

With FRAM non-volatile memory

With FRAM non-volatile memory and RTC

With the option "Without Memory", the equipment has events, but these events are lost in thecase of power failure.

With the option "With non-volatile FRAM memory" and RTC (real time clock), both the eventsand the time are conserved even if the equipment is not powered.

The events can be browsed from the HMI or by using communications. Reading the eventsdoes not mean that they get deleted; they remain stored on the equipment. To delete the


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events using the HMI, you have to go to the events menu and press and hold the "RESET" keyuntil the number of events reads 1, and this event is registered as "Events deleted". To deletethe events using communications, use the corresponding "delete events" command.

Events have the following structure:

Identify Unique event identifier: e.g.: 51_1.4 = 51P START

Value ON(Activated) /OFF(Deactivated): an event is generated for activations and deactivations

Year

Month

Day

Time

Minutes

Seconds

Milliseconds


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The following list shows all of the statuses of the equipment and their associated events:

(*) NOTE: In SIACXXXXXXXXXXA there are two levels of 50P function (50P_1, 50P_2) andtwo levels of 50N/50G function (50N/50G_1, 50N/50G_2)

Group Status Cause Associated Measurement

Phase inverse time overcurrent

51P 51P Phase A pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase A current

51P Phase B pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase B current

51P Phase C pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase C current

51P Pick-up Activation/Deactivation -

51P A Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase A current

51P B Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase B current

51P C Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase C current

51P Trip Activation/Deactivation -

Instantaneous phase overcurrent

50P_1

(*) 50P_2

50P Phase A pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase A current

50P Phase B pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase B current

50P Phase C pick-up t Activation/Deactivation Phase C current

50P Pick-up Activation/Deactivation -

50P A Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase A current

50P B Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase B current

50P C Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase C current

50P Trip Activation/Deactivation -

Neutral inverse time overcurrent

51N/51G 51N Pick-up Activation/Deactivation Neutral current

51N Trip Activation/Deactivation Neutral current

Instantaneous neutral overcurrent

50N_1/50G_1

(*) 50N_2/50G_2

50N/50G Pick-up Activation/Deactivation Neutral current

50N/50G Trip Activation/Deactivation Neutral current


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Trip bus

68 50P block Activation/Deactivation -

51P block Activation/Deactivation -

50N/50G block Activation/Deactivation -

51N block Activation/Deactivation -

50P block signaling Activation/Deactivation -

51P block signaling Activation/Deactivation -

50N/50G block signaling Activation/Deactivation -

51N block signaling Activation/Deactivation -

General

TripActivation/Deactivation The maximum phase current between

the activation of the trip and thedeactivation of the event.

External trip Activation/Deactivation -

Trip circuit error Activation/Deactivation -

Measurement error Activation/Deactivation -

Protection error Activation/Deactivation -

Change of settings Activation/Deactivation -

Date-time adjustment Activation/Deactivation -

Local communication Activation/Deactivation -

Eeprom by default Activation/Deactivation -

Eeprom Error Activation/Deactivation -

Eeprom change Activation/Deactivation -

Events error Activation/Deactivation -

Auxiliary power Activation/Deactivation -

Self power Activation/Deactivation -

Battery power Activation/Deactivation -

Equipment start Activation/Deactivation -

Inputs

Input 1 Activation/Deactivation -

Input 2 Activation/Deactivation -


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Outputs

Phase Trip Activation/Deactivation -

Neutral Trip Activation/Deactivation -

Watchdog Activation/Deactivation -

Local communication

Local communication - -

HMI Activity - -

A brief description of the general statuses is given below:

Trip: The equipment has tripped.

External trip: A trip has been caused by the activation of the external trip input.

Trip Circuit Error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem with the tripoutput voltage.

Measurement error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in themeasurement block.

Protection error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in theprotection block.

Setting change: This activates when the settings are changed.

Date-time set: This activates when the date-time are synchronised.

Communication in local: this is the sum of the "MMI activity" and "Local communication"bits from the "Local communication" status group

Eeprom by default: the equipment is set to default settings and does not execute thetrip.

Eeprom Error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in the eeprommemory, which contains the settings.

Eeprom change: this activates when the settings or configuration (user passwords) arechanged.

Events error: Selfdiagnostic algorithms have detected an error on a stored event. Thisbit is reset by deleting the events (from the HMI or by using communications).

MMI activity: this state is active if any key has been pressed in the last 15 minutes.

Local communication: this status becomes active if communications are detected in thefront RS232 port.

5.3. Fault reports

A fault report is a record of specific events in the period of time when a fault occurs. Eventrecording can be filled with general events, which provide no information of a fault (settingschange, local pulsing, etc.) whereby it could be filled with general information, losing any faultinformation. Therefore, having a specific events record for the fault period is of significant helpto resolve an incident.

This record has a 20 fault capacity, and each fault can store 32 events. At any moment, theinformation of the twenty most recent fault reports is available. Each new fault report generatedis stored on the oldest, is lost, therefore, the information of this one. The fault report is timelimited by means of a fault start and a fault end, and these must be clearly established.

When a pick-up occurs a new fault report is generated. When all start ups disappear it isunderstood that the fault has disappeared.


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Twenty fault reports are generated and they are registered in no-volatile FRAM memory. Fromthe HMI, by pressing key , you will gain access to fault reports. The information displayed isas follows:

Date-time at which the fault started.

List of all events occurred in the equipment during the fault

5.4. Self-diagnosis

Diagnostic algorithms are run while the equipment is being started up and continuously whenthe relay is operating. This diagnostic is a preventative process to guarantee that the equipmentis in good operational condition.

As general considerations we can establish:

Communications among the different processors are confirmed by corresponding

integrity checks. In case of having continued anomalies, the equipment would reset.

Information data which is considered setting parameters is confirmed by thecorresponding checks. In this way, all the setting tables are doubled and the relay isable to work with one broken table but not two.

There is a mechanism of WatchDog, among the different main CPUs. The loss ofactivity for any of them would mean the equipment reset, remaining as an event in thememory.

The following status bits are associated with this process:

Trip circuit error Problem in the trip circuit

Measurement error Problem in the measurement block

Protection error Problem in the protection block

Eeprom error Problem in the eeprom memory, default settings

Events error Problem in the events record

On the other hand, Settings by default indicates that the relay is working with the settingsprogrammed in factory, being all the protection functions disabled.

5.5. Date-time synchronisation

All models of relay SIA-C are provided with a real time clock (RTC), which can be synchronizedby HMI or by communications. RTC keeps the data updated during at least 72 hours withoutpower supply. Charge time for the capacitor is 10 minutes.

This clock can be synchronized by two ways:

By HMI: in this case, it is allowed to register the date and the time by using the keys on thefront panel. The relay will save a new event indicating the synchronization.

Protocol. The behaviour is similar to HMI, the relay synchronizes date and time and saves anew synchronization event.


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5.6. Digital Outputs

Optionally (to be selected for each model), the SIA-C equipment has up to three signallingoutputs:

Phase trip output activates when a phase trip or an external trip occurs Neutral trip outputs activates when a neutral trip occurs

Watchdog output activates when the SIAC is not READY

These outputs need a minimum of 0.330xIn single-phase amperes or 0.200xIn three-phaseamperes to be activated.

5.7. Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration (withouttrip bus)

Input2

Input1

D7

D6

D8

States GNRAL States LOCAL

OutputTrip

Inputblock50N

Inputblock50P

Ferranti50/51P

Ferranti50/51N

Ferrantiexternaltrip

States 50N:Trip

States 50P: Trip

States 51N:Trip

States 51P: Trip

States GNRAL:Trip

States 50P

50P

States 50N

50N

States 51P

51P

States 51N

51N

Phase A pickup

Phase B pickup

Phase C pickup

Phase pickup

Phase A trip

Phase B trip

Phase C trip

Phase trip

Phase A pickup

Phase B pickup

Phase C pickup

Phase pickup

Phase A trip

Phase B trip

Phase C trip

Phase trip

Ground pickup

Ground trip

Ground pickup

Ground trip

Trip

External trip

50 Hz

Telecontrol NO

Factory settings

Eeprom error

Eeprom changedMeasure error

Protection error

Settings change

Set date/time

Event error

Local COM

Command select

Open breaker

Close breaker

MMI Activity

Trip block

Ready

D3

D4

States GENERAL:External trip

Output1

Output2


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5.8. Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration (with tripbus)

5.9. Test program

The SIA-C equipment has a test menu that can be used to check the operation of the signalling

components (LEDs and magnetic indicators), along with the trip output and the signallingoutputs. This check is operative regardless of the type of power that is used. This means thatthe trip circuit and the signalling outputs can be tested with just a simple battery or a 12Vbattery in a facility without electricity supply.

The following table shows the components that can be tested, along with their status dependingon whether they are activated or deactivated:

signalBlock_50P

signalBlock_51P

Output 1

signalBlock_50N

signalBlock_51N

Output 2

States 50P: Trip

States 51P: Trip

States 50N: Trip

States 51N: Trip

Ferranti 50/51P

Ferranti 50/51N

Output trip

Input 2

Input 1D7

D6

D8

D3

D4

States GENERAL: External trip Ferranti external trip

States GNRAL States LOCAL

States 50P

50P

States 50N

50N

States 51P

51P

States 51N

51N

Phase A pickup

Phase B pickup

Phase C pickup

Phase pickup

Phase A trip

Phase B trip

Phase C trip

Phase trip

Phase A pickup

Phase B pickup

Phase C pickup

Phase pickup

Phase A trip

Phase B trip

Phase C trip

Phase trip

Ground pickup

Ground trip

Ground pickup

Ground trip

Trip

External trip

50 Hz

Telecontrol NO

Factory settings

Eeprom error

Eeprom changedMeasure error

Protection error

Settings change

Set date/time

Event error

Local COM

Command select

Open breaker

Close breaker

MMI Activity

Trip block

Ready

Trip bus

50PsignalBlock 50P

signalBlock 51P

signalBlock 50N

signalBlock 51N

Block 50P

Block 51P

Block 50N

Block 51N
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Vaux power LED

Deactivated Vaux LED off

Activated Vaux LED blinking

Self-power LED

Deactivated Self-power LED off

Activated Self-power LED blinking

Battery LED

Deactivated Battery LED off

Activated Battery LED blinking

50/51P magneticindicator

Deactivated 50/51P magnetic indicator deactivated (black)

Activated 50/51P magnetic indicator activated (orange)

50/51N magneticindicator

Deactivated 50/51N magnetic indicator deactivated (black)

Activated 50/51N magnetic indicator activated (orange)

External trip magneticindicator

Deactivated External trip magnetic indicator deactivated (black)

Activated External trip magnetic indicator activated (orange)

Trip output (*)

Deactivated Trip output deactivated

Activated Trip output activated

Phase Trip Output

Deactivated Phase trip output deactivated

Activated Phase trip output activated

Neutral trip Output

Deactivated Neutral trip output deactivated

Activated Neutral trip output activated

Watchdog

Deactivated Watchdog output deactivated

Activated Watchdog output activated

(*) When self-power values are low or the battery is at the limit of its capacity, it is possible that the equipment mayinitialise. This is completely normal.

NOTE: Mechanic B and mechanic D have only one magnetic indicator called trip. Mechanic F

have two magnetic indicators one called 50P/51P and the other one called 50N/50G/51NDepending on model they are available different supplies, outputs, inputs and magneticindicators.

The following key sequence is used to gain access to the test menu: from the main menu,press the keys , , and in sequence and then press and hold the "OK" key until the"Test menu" appears on the display. The test menu is accessed by pressing the "OK" keyagain, and the and keys can be used to navigate through the different menu items.Each item can be activated or deactivated by pressing "OK" on it (if the item is deactivated, it isactivated by pressing OK; if the item is activated, it is deactivated by pressing OK). Press theC key to exit the test menu.

In order to obtain more detailed information, the method for navigating the menus is explainedgraphically in the keypad and display section.


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5.10. Power supply

The SIA-C equipment is designed to be self-powered using the cell current. It can also bepowered by a 12V battery and, optionally (which can be selected for each model) by anauxiliary power source.

5.10.1. Self Power: CT-5A or CT-1 A, 0,2 x In rated in single phase

The SIA-C powers itself from the operating current through current transformers that areconnected to the line. Standard 5 A or 1 A secondary current transformers are used for thispurpose. Self power is achieved with very low levels of current: a minimum of 0.2 times therated single phase current, and this value is reduced to one half of the three-phase current. Inother words, the SIA-C equipment rated at 5 A current powers itself with 1 A of single phasecurrent and with 500 mA of three phase current, and the SIA-C rated at 1 A of current powersitself with 200 mA of single phase current and with 100mA of three phase current. It is importantto consider that, despite of the device starts up with those values and trip output is activated inthose values, to activate the other optional outputs (phase trip and neutral trip) it is needed aminimum of 0.330 times the secondary rated single-phase current and a minimum of 0.200times the secondary rated three-phase current. These CTs do not need a large number of VAs,because SIA-C self-regulates the charge of its self-power over the CT. Therefore, for lowcurrent levels, SIA-C is a charge which is continuously reduced when the current increases,avoiding the CT saturation.

The equipment is maintenance free when this type of power supply is used, as it does notrequire auxiliary power components (batteries). As a result, it is especially useful in any centreswhere auxiliary power is not available or cannot be guaranteed, and the facilities requireprotection with low levels of current.

There is a self-power transformer per each phase (3 self-power transformers), separatingcurrent circuits completely. As a first idea, it could be possible using only two power supply

transformers but this possibility entails a disadvantage in case of single-phase faults; becausethe transformer associated to the circuit which is not in fault at this moment, would cause a riseof the level of self-power.

5.10.2. Battery power: 12V, with a KITCOM adaptor

The external 12 V battery is connected to the equipment through an adapter that is plugged intothe front communications port (KITCOM). It is useful for cases like commissioning operations,discharges and repairs to the transformation centre, as these are situations when there is noauxiliary voltage or current in the line and they normally cause more events, grounding,forgotten tools, bad terminations, etc.

Battery power guarantees the full operation of the equipment, including the trip. The possibilityof using external battery power, together with the possibility of activating the trip contact fromthe test menu, allows the trip circuit to be tested before the transformation centre is poweredup.

Using battery power does not block the RS232 communications port, as it can be usedsimultaneously.

When the equipment is being powered from a 12 V battery, it is capable of functioning for 4hours.


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5.10.3. 230 Vac or 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz auxiliary power

The 230 Vac or 110 Vac auxiliary powers are taken from the transformation centre secondary

voltage. If this option is required, this needs to be selected in the list of models.

It is normal for transformation substations to have auxiliary voltage. This voltage is notguaranteed, because a short-circuit may cause this auxiliary voltage loss. However, thecomplete auxiliary voltage loss is produced in primary faults between phases, which are veryunlikely and g

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SIAC Protection Relay Manual