Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): The maximum Chemical... · Web viewThe purpose of this Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) is to describe laboratory work practices and procedures which

Section 7

Department Chemical Hygiene Plan

October 18, 2001. Update 04-25-12. Update 10-27-14

Safety Information Book Chemical Hygiene Plan

Back of Title Page

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1.0 PurposeThe purpose of this Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) is to describe laboratory work practices and procedures which are necessary to ensure that University laboratory employees are protected from health hazards associated with many hazardous chemicals used in laboratories. The CHP addresses this objective by including the requirements of the state safety and health regulation, Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories (Laboratory Standard promulgated by the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries in Title 296, Washington Administrative Code, Part 828, based on Title 29, Code of Federal Regulation, Part 1910.1450).

2.0 ScopeThe Chemical Hygiene Plan applies to all laboratory employees working on laboratory scale operations involving laboratory use of hazardous chemicals. (See Part 3 for definitions of these terms.) The Chemical Hygiene Plan also encompasses non-laboratory employees required to enter a laboratory where potential exposure may occur.

This Chemical Hygiene Plan does not apply to laboratories where the use of hazardous chemicals provides no potential for employee exposure, such as in procedures using chemically impregnated test media and commercially prepared test kits.

In general, the protective procedures and information described in this section are applicable to students, except when their exposures are minimal.

3.0 Definitions Action Level: A concentration of a specific substance calculated as an 8-hour time

weighted average (TWA), which initiates certain required activities as designated in WAC 296-62.

Administrative Controls: Operating procedures and policies that serve to reduce the risk of exposure to hazardous materials, such as minimum purchasing and storage, use of alternate materials, and controlled access to materials.

Ceiling Limit: The maximum concentration of a contaminant in breathing air which may not be exceeded for any length of time.

Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO): An employee qualified by training or experience to provide technical guidance in the development and implementation of the provisions of the Chemical Hygiene Plan. (See Parts 4.1 and 4.2.)

Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP): A written program which sets forth procedures, equipment, personal protective equipment, and work practices that are capable of protecting employees from the health hazards presented by hazardous chemicals used in the laboratory.

Control(s): Equipment, wearing apparel, or prescribed procedures which, when in good working order and properly used, will prevent laboratory employees from being exposed to hazardous materials.

Designated Area: An area which may be used for work with select carcinogens, reproductive toxins, or substances which have a high degree of acute toxicity. A designated area may be an entire laboratory, a section of a laboratory, or a device within a laboratory, such as a fume hood.

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Engineering Control: A device or apparatus designated to contain or reduce the risk of hazardous materials. Examples include ventilation, laboratory fume hoods, and shielding. Personal protective equipment such as gloves and face shields are not engineering controls.

Exposure: Physical contact of a person with any material (solid, liquid, or gas) or any form of energy (temperature extreme, electricity, laser, ionizing or non-ionizing radiation, etc.).

Exposure Assessment: The gathering of information by one or more of the following methods for the purpose of estimating the extent of exposure.

o Interview,o Inspection,o Sampling and analysis of air, water, etc.,o Investigation of materials and/or procedures used,o Medical evaluation, ando Other forms of inquiry as deemed appropriate by the Chemical Hygiene Officer.

Hazardous Chemical / Hazardous Substance / Hazardous Energy: A chemical, substance, or form of energy for which there is statistically significant evidence, based on at least one scientific study, that acute or chronic health effects may result from exposure to that chemical, substance or energy. This definition includes substances which present both physical and health hazards.

Health Hazard: Health hazards include chemicals which are carcinogens, toxic or highly toxic agents, reproductive toxins, irritants, corrosives, sensitizers, hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins, neurotoxins, agents which act on the hematopoietic systems, and agents which damage the lungs, skin, eyes or mucous membranes.

Highly Toxic Chemical: A chemical falling within any of the following categories:

(a) A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD50) of 50 milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight when administered orally to albino rats weighing between 200 and 300 grams each.

(b) A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD50) of 200 milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight when administered by continuous contact for 24 hours (or less if death occurs within 24 hours) with the bare skin of albino rabbits weighing between two and three kilograms each.

(c) A chemical that has a median lethal concentration (LC50) in air of 200 parts per million by volume or less of gas or vapor, or 2 milligrams per liter or less of mist, fume, or dust, when administered by continuous inhalation for one hour (or less if death occurs within one hour) to albino rats weighing between 200 and 300 grams each.

Laboratory: A facility where laboratory use of relatively small quantities of hazardous chemicals are used on a non-production basis.

Laboratory Employee / Worker: An individual employed in a laboratory workplace who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals in the course of his or her assignments.

Laboratory Scale: Work with substances involving containers that can be easily and safely manipulated by one person.

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Laboratory Use of Hazardous Chemicals: The handling or use of chemicals on a laboratory scale in which all of the following conditions are met:

o Multiple chemical procedures or chemical substances are used.

o Procedures involved are not part of a production process nor in any way simulate a production process.

o Protective laboratory practices and equipment are available and in common use to minimize the potential for employee exposure to hazardous chemicals.

Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) / Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): The minimum concentration (percent by volume) of flammable vapor in air below which the mixture cannot be ignited.

Permissible Exposure Level (PEL): The maximum concentration of a contaminant in breathing air to which a laboratory worker may be legally exposed, as an 8-hour weighted average.

Physical Hazard: A substance for which there is scientifically valid evidence that it is a combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric (ignites spontaneously in air), unstable (reactive) or water-reactive. Substances, processes, and forms of energy are also considered to be physical hazards if they involve a potential for skin or eye contact with a hot or cold material, surface, or source of energy sufficient to cause tissue damage or loss of eyesight.

Reproductive Toxins: Chemicals that affect the reproductive capabilities, including chromosomal damage (mutations) and effects on fetuses (teratogeneses).

Required Respirator: An appropriate respirator, excluding a dust mask, which is worn to prevent the wearer from breathing a contaminant whose concentration in the air exceeds the PEL. A respirator is required when the air in a work place contains one or more contaminants exceeding a PEL or when sudden failure of an engineering control would create an exposure above the STEL. (Note: Other methods of exposure control take precedence over respirator use. A required respirator is to be used only in situations where other forms of exposure control are not possible. Regulations require that any employee who must work in a respirator be certified by a physician to be physically fit to work in that respirator. This certification must be obtained before the employee can be allowed to work while wearing a respirator, whether supplied by the employer or not.

Select Carcinogen: Any substance that meets one of the following criteria:

o It is regulated by regulations as a carcinogen, or

o It is listed under the category “Known To Be Carcinogens” in the Annual Report on Carcinogens published by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) (latest edition), or

o It is listed under Group 1 (Carcinogenic To Humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs (IARC) (latest edition), or

o It is listed in either Group 2A or 2B by IARC or under the category “Reasonably Anticipated To Be Carcinogens” by NTP, and causes statistically significant tumor incidence in experimental animals in accordance with any of the following criteria:

o After inhalation exposure of 6-7 hours per day, 5 days per week, for a significant portion of a lifetime, to dosages of less than 10 mg/m3,

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o After repeated skin application of less than 300 mg/kg of body weight per week, or

o After oral dosages of less than 50 mg/kg of body weight per day.

Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): The maximum concentration of a contaminant in breathing air to which a laboratory employee may be legally exposed, as a time weighted average, for a maximum (for most contaminants) of 15 minutes.

Well Ventilated Area: An area where the ambient conditions of use include sufficient ventilation to prevent a flammable or combustible vapor/air mixture from reaching the LFL/LEL and the concentration of air contaminants in the breathing zone of laboratory workers from exceeding a PEL.

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4.0 Responsibilities4.1 Chemical Hygiene OfficerThe Director of Environmental Health and Safety will serve as the Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO). The Chemical Hygiene Officer is responsible for the development and implementation of chemical hygiene policies and practices in the laboratory. He or she will:

Monitor the procurement, use, and disposal of chemicals used in the laboratory,

See that appropriate audits are maintained,

Help the Laboratory Supervisor develop precautions and adequate facilities to maintain the safety of laboratory workers,

Know the current legal requirements concerning regulated substances,

Maintain adequate records detailing efforts and results of employee exposure monitoring, including associated accident reports, medical consultations and examinations when applicable,

Seek ways to improve the Chemical Hygiene Plan, and

Develop and oversee implementation of the Chemical Hygiene Plan.

4.2 Department Chemical Hygiene OfficerThe Department Chemical Hygiene Officer has ultimate responsibility for implementing chemical hygiene at the department level and shall provide continuing support for chemical hygiene in addition to:

Providing technical guidance in the development and implementation of the Chemical Hygiene Plan,

Ensuring that Standard Operating Procedures (Part 5 – Standard Operating Procedures) are followed, and

Conducting regular inspections of emergency equipment, chemical hygiene and housekeeping.

4.3 Laboratory Supervisor / Principle InvestigatorThe Laboratory Supervisor is responsible for chemical hygiene in the laboratory. The Laboratory Supervisor shall ensure:

Laboratory employees know and follow the chemical hygiene rules,

Protective equipment is available and in working order, (See Parts 9.2 – Inspections, 5.4 – Personal Protective Equipment, and Appendix 7A – Glove Selection Chart)

Laboratory employees have been provided with appropriate training, (See Part 13 – Employee Training)

Facilities and training for the use of any material being ordered are adequate, (See Part 6 – Chemical Procurement, Distribution, and Storage)

Locations of any “controlled work areas” within the laboratory are defined, and inventory of any toxic substances and potential or known carcinogens are properly maintained,

Unwanted and/or hazardous chemicals and hazardous waste are disposed properly,

The Chemical Hygiene Officer is notified of all incidents that constitute a danger of environmental contamination or that cause laboratory workers to be exposed to hazardous materials where symptoms of exposure are evident and/or medical treatment is rendered,

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o Note: “danger of environmental contamination” refers to the spill or release of a hazardous chemical when the nature of the material or the circumstances of the spill are such that personnel in the immediate area cannot clean up the spill without further environmental contamination or increased exposure to the hazardous material.

Inspections of emergency equipment, chemical hygiene, and housekeeping are conducted. (See Parts 5.6 – Housekeeping, 9.2 – Inspections, and 11 – Emergency Equipment).

4.4 Laboratory Employee / WorkerEach laboratory employee is responsible for planning and conducting all operations in accordance with the chemical hygiene procedures and developing good personal chemical hygiene habits. This includes:

Understanding the function and proper use of personal protective equipment and using personal protective equipment when mandated or necessary,

Notifying the Laboratory Supervisor of conditions or actions that could result in an accident or injury, or significant problems arising from the use of the Standard Operating Procedures, and

Asking the Laboratory Supervisor for clarification of any of the above responsibilities which they do not fully understand.

5.0 Standard Operating Procedures5.1 General Safety Guidelines

Never work alone at a potentially dangerous activity.

When working with flammable materials, be certain there are no sources of ignition near enough to cause a fire or explosion in the event of a spill or vapor release.

Use a shield for protection whenever an explosion or implosion is possible.

The hazardous properties of each material used in a procedure must be determined before the first time it is used. Assume a mixture to be more toxic than any of its components.

Use proper protective equipment whenever required. Refer to the Department Safety Information Book, Section 5, Personal Protective Equipment.

Know the location and proper use of emergency equipment and be familiar with emergency procedures.

Minimize all chemical exposures; avoid skin contact with chemicals. Immediately notify a Laboratory Supervisor if exposure to a hazardous substance occurs.

Store chemicals in tightly closed containers with readable and accurate labels.

Use of hazardous chemicals that may produce gases, fumes, or hazardous vapors must be conducted in a working fume hood. Never use highly toxic agents, carcinogens, or reproductive toxins outside of a working fume hood, unless previously discussed with the Laboratory Supervisor.

Work conducted in a laboratory (and its scale) must be appropriate to the physical facilities as well as the quality of the ventilation system.

Be alert to unsafe conditions and report them to the Laboratory Supervisor or the Environmental Health and Safety office correction. Refer to the Department Safety Information Book, Section 4, General Safety, Appendix 4A, Safety and Health Information for Employees.

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Visitors to the laboratory are to be escorted by an employee and are the responsibility of that employee. All safety regulations must be observed.

5.2 Unattended OperationsAn experiment is considered to be an unattended operation if there is no one immediately present who fully understands the operation and shutdown procedure to be used in the event of an emergency. Reactions that are not well understood should not be permitted to run unattended.

Unattended operations should be prominently labeled with the laboratory employee’s name, start date and time, intended stop date and time, and contact information for the laboratory worker and faculty advisor, if applicable. Leave the laboratory lights on and post warning signs of any associated hazards (e.g. flammable, reactive, explosive, etc.).

Unattended operations that could result in a fire or explosion should be equipped with the necessary automatic shutdown controls.

Use necessary shields or barriers to contain splashes, explosions or other releases.

Establish provisions for containment of toxic substances in the event of a utility service failure, such as loss of cooling water.

5.3 Personal Hygiene Avoid skin contact with chemicals; wash promptly whenever a chemical contacts the skin.

Avoid inhalation of chemicals; do not smell or taste chemicals.

Never pipette by mouth or use mouth suction to start a siphon.

Never bring food, chewing gum, beverages, cigarettes, or food containers into the laboratory. Never eat, drink, smoke, bite fingernails, apply cosmetics, or handle contact lenses while in the laboratory.

Always wash hands with soap and water before leaving the laboratory and before eating, drinking, smoking, using the restroom, applying cosmetics, or handling contact lenses. Areas of exposed skin (such as the forearms) should be washed frequently if there is a potential for contact with chemicals.

Never store food in a refrigerator that is used to store chemicals.

Never use laboratory glassware or utensils for storage, handling, or consumption of food or beverages.

Ice generated for laboratory use shall not be used for human consumption or food storage.

5.4 Personal Protective equipment Laboratory workers must always wear appropriate eye protection whenever anyone is

working with hazardous materials or performing hazardous process in the laboratory. Goggles must be worn when there is a potential for splashing or spilling of a hazardous liquid. Face shields should be worn when appropriate.

When working with hazardous chemicals, wear gloves made of a material that is resistant to permeation by that chemical. (See Appendix A – Glove Selection Chart). Latex gloves are not permitted for chemical handling. Disposable nitrile gloves are the minimum hand protection for chemical use.

Protect skin and feet with adequate clothing and footwear.

Confine loose hair and clothing while working in the laboratory.

Use a fume hood when exposure to a toxic substance by inhalation is likely to exceed the PEL for that substance.

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The Laboratory Supervisor (or designee) will be responsible for selecting and acquiring appropriate personal protective equipment, maintaining its availability, and establishing cleaning and disposal procedures. Standard personal protective equipment must be provided by the employer to employees free of cost.

Refer to Western Washington University's Safety Information Book, Section 5 (Personal Protective Equipment), Section 13 (Respiratory Protection Program), and Section 14 (Hearing Conservation Program).

Chemical protective clothing must be removed before leaving the work area. Gloves should be removed before touching other surfaces, such as doorknobs, drawer pulls, or faucet handles.

5.5 Clothing Laboratory coats or aprons shall be worn by laboratory employees whenever handling

liquids that are injurious to or absorbed through the skin.

Laboratory coats must be cleaned regularly. If a spill occurs on the laboratory coat or personal clothing, it must be either decontaminated before reuse or disposed of as hazardous waste.

Laboratory coats must not be laundered with personal laundry.

The commercial firm laundering any contaminated work clothing shall be notified of potentially contaminated substances. Grossly contaminated clothing shall be bagged and disposed of as hazardous waste.

5.6 Housekeeping Lab areas should be kept clean and uncluttered. Spills must be immediately cleaned and

floors must be maintained dry at all times. Contaminated glassware should not be left out.

Access to exits, emergency equipment, eyewashes, safety showers, fire extinguishers, emergency spill equipment, circuit breakers, and fire alarm pull boxes must never be blocked.

All chemical containers must be labeled with (at least) the identity and hazards of its contents.

Waste must be properly labeled and kept in proper containers. (See Section 14 – Waste Disposal Procedures)

Chemicals should be stored in an earthquake-safe storage area and should be returned to their storage area after use.

5.7 Operations Requiring Prior ApprovalThe following laboratory operations require prior approval from the Department or Assistant Chemical Hygiene Officer:

Purchase of chemicals, and Disposal of chemical waste.

The following laboratory operations require prior approval from the Laboratory Supervisor: Procedures for which the laboratory employee has not been trained, Operations or activities for which there are no written procedures, and Work with unknown substances.

5.8 Planning Chemical Laboratory Experiments

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Consider all possible reactions, including side-reactions, before beginning.

Think through all reactants, intermediates, and products in terms of flammability, toxicity, route of entry, and reactivity hazards.

Follow recognized safe practices concerning personal protective equipment, housekeeping, and handling of hazardous chemicals as outlined in this chemical hygiene plan.

When conducting unknown reactions, always start with small quantities of material and carefully observe reaction characteristics before increasing quantities.

Obtain safety information about reactants and by-products.

If possible, determine the quantity and rate of evolution of heat and gases to be released during the reaction.

Provide adequate cooling, ventilation, pressure relief, and gas purging. If possible, isolate the reaction vessel and make frequent inspections of equipment during the reaction. Do no leave a hazardous system unattended.

Consider the recommended first aid treatment for each reactant, intermediate, and products.

Develop a plan of action for situations such as power failure, cooling system failure, exposure of the system to water or air, unexpected increase in pressure, or broken reaction containers.

5.9 Emergency ProceduresRefer to Western Washington University Safety Information Book, Section 2 (Emergency Chemical Procedures) for information on emergency procedures and the Departmental Emergency Plan.

5.10 Accidents and Accident ReportingAccidents or injuries that occur in the laboratory and require medical treatment must be reported immediately and treated immediately. Personnel trained in first aid and CPR must be available during working hours to render assistance until medical help can be obtained.

All accidents, whether resulting in injury or damage, should be carefully analyzed with the results reported to all who might benefit. Accident reports will be kept on file with the Director of Environmental Health and Safety and will be made available to employees upon request. Please refer to Western Washington University Safety Information Book, Section 4 (General Safety Information Accident Prevention Plan) for more information on accident reporting.

6.0 Chemical Procurement, Distribution, and Storage6.1 Chemical Procurement and Distribution

The Department or Assistant Chemical Hygiene Officer approves the purchase of all new hazardous chemicals. Prior to purchase of new hazardous chemicals, the following must be considered:

o Proper storage, handling, and disposal procedures,

o Facility requirements for safe handling of the material, and

o Personnel training or proficiency necessary for safe handling of the material.

Before a substance is received, information of proper handling, storage, and disposal should be known. All Material Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) received with shipments to a

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laboratory will be maintained on file in the department and at the Environmental Health and Safety office.

No container will be accepted without an adequate identifying label. This label should include the substance name, an appropriate hazard warning, and specific target organ effects.

6.2 Chemical Inventory The chemical inventory is kept in the department. Refer to Western Washington

University Safety Information Book, Section 9 (Chemical Inventory) provides the inventory or its location.

Physical inventories are conducted annually to identify leaking or damaged containers, containers with missing or illegible labels, and chemicals that are no longer needed.

6.3 Chemical Distribution When chemicals are hand-carried, they are placed in a secondary container to protect

against breakage and spilling.

Large compressed gas cylinders are transported with a suitable handcart and strapped in place during transport.

6.4 Chemical Storage Storage and working amounts of hazardous chemicals are kept to a minimum.

Chemical storage in fume hoods is kept to a minimum.

Chemicals are stored in containers with which they are compatible; containers are kept closed when reagents are not being used.

All chemical containers must have a legible, firmly attached label. The containers are dated when received and when opened.

All flammable substances are stored in a flammable materials cabinet or refrigerator designated for flammable liquid storage. (See Part 16.1.2 – Flammable Liquids Storage)

Compressed gas cylinders are individually secured at all times; cylinder caps must be in place on cylinders when not in use.

Incompatible chemicals must be segregated. See Appendix 7C, Table 7-2 for a partial list of incompatible chemicals.

Chemicals are stored on shelves or in cabinets that prevent the containers from falling in the event of an earthquake. Heavy items and corrosive materials are stored on shelves near the floor.

6.5 Spill ResponseLocations where chemicals are stored should have available a supply of equipment and materials for use in the event of a chemical spill. Spill response materials may include:

Absorbent Personal protective equipment Scoops and/or pans for picking up granular solids Plastic bags to contain contaminated absorbent

For spills creating an airborne hazard or that require equipment beyond standard laboratory apparel, contact the Environmental Health and Safety office for assistance in containment and clean up.

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7.0 Hazard Identification All chemical containers must have a legible, firmly attached label showing the contents of

the container.

Labels on incoming containers of hazardous chemicals must not be removed or defaced.

Material Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) received with incoming shipments of hazardous chemicals are maintained and made readily accessible to laboratory employees. SDSs are kept on file in the department. Refer to Western Washington University Safety Information Book, Section 9 (SDSs) for information on SDS locations.

A hazard review of new materials not previously used in the laboratory shall be completed before working with the new material. The Department or Assistant Chemical Hygiene Officer or Laboratory Supervisor conducts this review. (See Part 6.1 – Chemical Procurement and Distribution)

Chemical substances developed in the laboratory are assumed to be hazardous in the absence of other information.

Laboratory areas that have special or unusual hazards should be identified with an appropriate warning sign.

8.0 Environmental MonitoringEmployee exposure to regulated substances shall not routinely exceed the action level or, in the absence of an action level, the PEL. When there is reason to believe that employee exposure levels of regulated substances are routinely exceeding the action levels, employee exposure to these substances will be monitored.

In the event that the action level is exceeded, Western Washington University will immediately comply with the exposure monitoring requirements of the standard for that substance (WAC 296-62). In addition, environmental monitoring of airborne concentrations of hazardous chemicals should be conducted in the following conditions:

When requested by a laboratory employee as a result of a documented health concern or suspicion that a PEL is being exceeded,

When a highly toxic substance is being regularly and continuously used outside of a chemical fume hood (three or more times a week), or

The Environmental Health and Safety office will ensure that employee exposure is monitored. Exposure testing procedures and monitoring results are provided to the Department and Assistant Chemical Hygiene Officers, Laboratory Supervisor, and employees within 15 working days after receipt of the results. An accurate record of all measurements taken to monitor employee exposures will be kept, transferred, and made available for each employee in accordance with Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records requirement (WAC 296-62- 40007).

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9.0 Maintenance and Inspections9.1 MaintenanceAll local exhaust ventilation hoods and other engineering controls shall be functioning properly. Improperly functioning equipment, out of service equipment, and equipment under repair shall be tagged “OUT OF SERVICE” and locked out if possible. The equipment shall not be restarted without the approval of the Chemical Hygiene Officer or designee, Laboratory Supervisor, and Facilities Maintenance personnel.

9.2 InspectionsEach laboratory employee will evaluate the condition of all personal protective equipment (safety glasses, goggles, gloves, hearing protection, etc.) before use. For more information, refer to Section 5 of the Safety Information Book – Personal Protective Equipment. Laboratory employees ensure that fume hoods and local exhaust ventilation hoods are working before each use. (See Part 15.2 – Ventilation Inspections)

Facilities Management will conduct annual inspections of chemical fume hoods, safety showers, eyewashes, and fire extinguishers.

The Department Chemical Hygiene Officer (or designee) will conduct quarterly inspections of personal protective equipment, first aid kits, and, if present, emergency blankets.

Facilities Management inspects the following items at appropriate intervals: Emergency lighting and/or illuminated exit signs, Fire alarms, Smoke and heat detectors and sprinklers, Fire doors, and Fire suppression systems.

10.0 Medical ProgramMedical attention, including medical consultation and follow-up, is provided to employees under the following circumstances:

Where exposure monitoring is over the action level for a regulated substance that has medical surveillance requirements.

Whenever a laboratory employee develops signs or symptoms that may be associated with a hazardous chemical to which the employee may have been exposed in the laboratory.

Whenever a spill, leak, or explosion results in the likelihood of a hazardous exposure.

All medical examinations will be provided by or under the direct supervision of a licensed physician, at no cost to the employee, without loss of pay, and at a reasonable time and place. All questions regarding medical consultations and examinations should be directed to the Chemical Hygiene Officer.

When medical consultations or examinations are provided, the examining physician will be provided with the following information:

The identity of the hazardous chemical(s) or material(s) to which the employee(s) may have been exposed,

The SDSs for the hazardous chemical(s) or material(s) if available,

A description of the conditions under which the exposure occurred, including quantitative exposure data if available, and

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A description of the signs and symptoms of exposure that the employee is experiencing, if any.

For examinations or consultations provided to employees, the Chemical Hygiene Officer shall obtain a written opinion from the examining physician. It shall include:

Recommendations for further medical follow-up,

Results of the examination and associated tests,

Any medical condition revealed that places the employee at an increased risk of exposure to a hazardous substance found in the workplace, and

A statement that the employee has been informed of the results of the examination or consultation.

The written opinion will not reveal specific diagnoses unrelated to occupational exposure, except as noted above.

The Environmental Health and Safety office keeps an accurate record of any medical consultations or medical examinations. Records for each employee are transferred and made available as specified under Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records requirement (WAC 296-62-40019).

11.0 Emergency Equipment11.1 GeneralThe Department Chemical Hygiene Officer will ensure that adequate emergency equipment is available in the laboratory and inspected periodically to ensure that it is functioning properly. Signs may be posted to show the location of safety showers, eyewashes, exits, first aid kits, fire extinguishers, etc. Each laboratory employee must be familiar with the location, application, and/or correct way to operate the following emergency equipment:

Fire extinguishers, Fire alarms, Fire doors, Smoke detectors, Fire sprinklers Safety showers, Eyewashes, First aid kits.

11.2 Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers are provided along normal paths of travel.

Fire extinguishers are labeled to show the type of fire for which they are intended.

Access must be maintained and the location clearly marked in an appropriate manner.

The fire extinguisher type and size must be selected for the appropriate hazards.

Documented inspections are conducted at least annually by Facilities Management to ensure:

o The extinguisher is in its designated location,o Access is maintained,o The pin is in place and attached with unbroken wire,o The indicator, if present, is in full range, ando No physical damage is evident.

11.3 Fire Alarms

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Fire alarms are provided along normal paths of travel and exit routes.

Access must be maintained and the location should be clearly marked in an appropriate manner.

Documented inspections involving activation of fire alarms are conducted at appropriate intervals to insure proper operation.

11.4 Fire Doors Fire doors are provided per building codes, fire codes, and fire insurer’s requirements.

Fire doors are not blocked open and must be able to close properly.

Inspections are conducted at appropriate intervals to ensure proper working order.

11.5 Smoke or Heat Detectors Smoke or heat detectors are selected and installed for the appropriate hazards per

building code, fire codes, and fire insurer’s requirements.


11.6 Safety Showers Safety showers are within the work area for immediate emergency use.

Safety shower water is potable and provides at least fifteen minutes of flushing.

Access is maintained at all times.

Inspections are conducted by Facilities Management to ensure adequate flow.

11.7 Eyewashes Eyewashes are within the work area for immediate emergency use.

Eyewashes are plumbed, whenever possible. Water is potable and provides at least fifteen minutes of flushing.

Access is maintained at all times.

Inspections are conducted by Facilities Management to ensure adequate flow.

11.8 First Aid Kits First aid kits are available for treatment of minor injuries or for short-term emergency

treatment before medical assistance is available.

Inspections are conducted by the Department Chemical Hygiene Officer (or designee) to ensure first aid kits are adequately stocked and maintained.

11.9 Emergency Lighting Emergency lighting provides adequate illumination for evacuation during an emergency

situation or power failure.


11.10 Fire Suppression Systems The fire suppression system is selected based on the hazards.

Documented inspections involving activation of the system are conducted at appropriate intervals to ensure proper working order.

11.11 Emergency Blankets Blankets MAY be provided in the vicinity of safety showers to prevent shock and provide

privacy.

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If present, inspections are conducted annually by the Department Chemical Hygiene Officer or a designee to ensure blankets are not contaminated or damaged.

12.0 Record Keeping The Environmental Health and Safety office retains accident and incident records,

medical records and industrial hygiene monitoring records.

Departments maintain Material Safety Data Sheets (and send copies to the Environmental Health and Safety office.

Departments maintain chemical inventories and department-related inspections of equipment and training.

13.0 Employee Training 13.1 Training

Refer to the Safety Information Book, Section 3, Responsibilities, for information on training responsibilities. Generally, the Department or Assistant Chemical Hygiene Officer or Laboratory Supervisor trains all laboratory employees on the hazards of the chemicals present in their work area. The purpose of this training is to assure that all laboratory employees are adequately informed about the risks associated with working in the laboratory and what to do in the event of an accident.

Training is provided at the time of an employee’s initial assignment to a work area where hazardous chemicals are present. Additional training is provided prior to assignments involving new exposure situations. Refresher information and training is provided annually. The department maintains employee training records and sends a copy to the Environmental Health and Safety office. (See Appendix B for sample.)

o General lab safety, personal protective equipment and hazardous waste training, among other required elements can be found at this link on the EHS website. This training may become basic departmental lab training, or may be used to supplement departmental training.

Employees may not use any personal protective clothing until they have received instruction on the proper selection, use, and limitations of the equipment. Refer to the Safety Information Book, Section 5, Personal Protective Equipment.

Training should include:

o Methods used to detect the release or presence of hazardous chemicals,

o Physical and health hazards associated with chemicals in the work area,

o Personal protective equipment,

o Respirator protection, medical evaluation and fit-testing program, if respirators are used,

o General rules for laboratory safety and good personal hygiene,

o Laboratory operations and activities requiring approval,

o Handling of hazardous chemicals and hazardous waste disposal,

o Emergency response and evacuation procedures,

o Interpretation of SDSs,

o Engineering controls, and

o First aid.

13.2 Reference Materials

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http://www.wwu.edu/ehs/training/hazardouswaste.shtml


Reference materials on the hazards, safe handling, storage, and disposal of hazardous chemicals can be found in many location(s). Contact the Environmental Health and Safety office or refer to their website at http://www.wwu.edu/ehs/ for links.

14.0 Waste Disposal ProceduresChemical waste disposal procedures can be found in Western Washington University Safety Information Book, Section 10 (Hazardous Waste Program).

15.0 Ventilation15.1 General Guidelines

General laboratory ventilation shall provide airflow into the laboratory from non-laboratory areas and out to the exterior of the building.

All operations that might result in the release of unpleasant and/or potentially hazardous fumes, vapors, gases or dust must be conducted with local exhaust ventilation.

Storage in a fume hood is kept to a minimum, should not include flammable chemicals, and should not restrict ventilation or airflow.

15.2 InspectionsLaboratory employees should check fume hoods to ensure proper working order before each use. This should include a visual inspection of the hood area for storage or other visible blockages. Refer to Part 9 – Maintenance and Inspections.

Further information on chemical fume hoods can be found in Western Washington University Safety Information Book, Section 8 (University Chemical Fume Hood Program).

16.0 Chemical Handling Procedures16.1 Flammable Liquids16.1.1 Hazards

Flammable vapors can form ignitable mixtures in air. Vapors can travel great distances and be ignited by remote ignition sources, flashing back violently to the source.

Many flammable liquids are toxic by inhalation and/or skin contact.

Flammable liquids or their vapors can cause eye injury, ranging from irritation to severe damage.

16.1.2 StorageResearch laboratories should limit the amount of flammable liquids in a laboratory to less than 10 gallons per 100 square feet of laboratory unit space. Total amounts of flammable and combustible liquids should not exceed an additional 10 gallons per 100 square feet of laboratory. Note that the 2009 and future International Fire Code editions will specify the maximum allowable amount of flammables per control area. Contact Environmental Health and Safety for updates.

16.1.3 Controls Perform work with flammable liquids in a properly functioning chemical fume hood

whenever possible.

Clean up spills of flammable materials immediately.

16.1.4 Examples of Flammable LiquidsExamples of flammable liquids are listed in Appendix 7C, Table 7-3.

16.2 Corrosive Chemicals16.2.1 Hazards

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http://www.wwu.edu/ehs/


Contact with the skin, eyes, respiratory system, or digestive tract can cause severe irritation and burns.

16.2.2 Storage Store concentrated acids and bases separately in appropriate secondary containers

(acid- or base-resistant trays or catch basins).

Transport concentrated acids and bases in a break-resistant protective carrier.

Store oxidizing acids (perchloric, nitric, and sulfuric acids) away from combustible materials such as organic chemicals, paper, and wood.

16.2.3 Controls Use appropriate personal protective equipment when handling corrosives. Safety

goggles are required for liquid corrosives.

In case of contact, flush the affected area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, remove contaminated clothing, and seek medical attention.

Always add acid to water when diluting.

16.2.4 Examples of CorrosivesExamples of common corrosives are listed in Appendix 7C, Table 7-4.

16.3 Reactive Chemicals16.3.1 HazardsReactive chemicals are those which:

Are oxidizers (can initiate or support combustions),

Are organic peroxides (can form shock-sensitive explosives upon prolonged storage),

Are explosive,

Can react with other materials (including water) to release hazardous gases or can react violently or with the generation of large amounts of heat, or

Can polymerize violently with the release of large amounts of heat.

16.3.2 Storage Materials that are reactive hazards shall be stored in such a way as to prevent their

mixture with incompatible materials.

16.3.3 Controls Use appropriate personal protective equipment when handling reactive chemicals.

Read and understand handling instructions provided by the precautionary label or SDS.

Perform work with reactive chemicals in a properly functioning chemical fume hood whenever possible.

Perform potentially violent reactions behind a barrier or shield, or at a sufficient distance from any laboratory employees.

16.3.4 Examples of Reactive ChemicalsExamples of reactive chemicals are listed in Appendix 7C, Table 7-5.

16.4 Compressed Gases16.4.1 Hazards

7-19


Compressed gases contain large amounts of energy that can cause serious injury and physical damage. Compressed gases may also be flammable, toxic, or corrosive.

16.4.2 Storage Compressed gases must be stored in the upright position with caps on when not in

immediate use.

Compressed gas cylinders must be individually secured with straps, chains, or stands designed for this purpose.

16.4.3 Controls Transport compressed gas cylinders with caps in place, secured to suitable containers.

Each cylinder must be matched with the appropriate fitting and regulator. Using regulator-adaptors is prohibited.

Regulators must be fitted with check valves to prevent inadvertent mixing of gases and suck-back into the cylinder.

Cylinder valves should always be opened slowly; do not stand in front of regulators when “cracking open” cylinder valves.

Avoid completely emptying cylinders. Leave residual pressure in the cylinder and mark it as “empty”.

16.4.4 Compressed and Liquefied GasesInformation regarding compressed and liquefied gases is listed in Appendix 7C, Table 7-6.

16.5 Carcinogens, Mutagens, Teratogens, and Reproductive Toxins16.5.1 HazardsExposure can induce carcinogenesis, mutagenesis (chromosomal damage), teratogenesis (fetal damage), and infertility. Exposure may effect future generations.

16.5.2 StorageStore these chemicals in a dedicated storage fume hood or glove box. All containers must be unbreakable and properly labeled. Maintain a minimum quantity and dispose of unneeded material(s) immediately.

16.5.3 Controls Work with these chemicals only in designated areas. (See Part 17.1 – Use of Designated

Areas)

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Avoid skin contact and always wash hands and arms immediately after working with these chemicals.

Work only with adequate engineering controls such as glove bags, glove boxes, and fume hoods.

Laboratory employees should be familiar with emergency procedures for accidents or spills involving these chemicals. The Department Chemical Hygiene Officer should be notified of all incidents of exposure or spills.

The Laboratory Supervisor should keep records of the amounts of these materials used and the names of workers involved.

16.5.4 Examples of Carcinogens, Mutagens, Teratogens, and Reproductive ToxinsExamples of these chemicals are listed in Appendix 7C, Tables 7-1 and 7-7, 8, and 9.

16.6 Toxic Metals16.6.1 Hazards

7-20


These chemicals are toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and possibly by skin absorption.

16.6.2 StorageMaintain a minimum quantity of toxic metals and disposed of unneeded material(s) immediately.

16.6.3 Controls Wear appropriate personal protective equipment when handling toxic metals.

Work in a fume hood whenever possible.

Spills should be immediately cleaned up and the work area properly decontaminated.

16.6.4 Examples of Toxic MetalsExamples of toxic metals are listed in Appendix 7C, Table 7-10.

16.7 RadionuclidesThe Radiation Safety Officer and State of Washington have strict policies and procedures for the procurement, handling, use, and disposal of radioactive materials. These procedures must be followed by anyone using radionuclides. Contact the Environmental Health & Safety Department for further information.

17.0 Substances of Moderate to High Chronic Toxicity or High Acute Toxicity (Including Select Carcinogens)

17.1 Use of Designated AreasA “designated area” must be established and clearly marked for storage and work with “Select Carcinogens”, reproductive toxins, and substances that have a high degree of acute toxicity. This area may be an entire laboratory, a section of a laboratory, or a device within a laboratory, such as a fume hood or balance. See Appendix D for a table of designated areas within the department.

17.2 StorageStore these chemicals in a designated area that is well ventilated. All containers must be unbreakable and properly labeled.

17.3 Controls The Department or Assistant Chemical Hygiene Officer approves the use and disposal of

these substances.

Use properly functioning control equipment (fume hood, glove box, etc.) for procedures that may result in the generation of aerosols or vapors containing the substance. Released vapors should be trapped to prevent their discharge with the hood exhaust.

Protect vacuum pumps from contamination by traps or other devices. Decontaminate vacuums pumps and other contaminated equipment before removing them from the designated area.

Weigh materials only in closed containers unless balances are included in designated areas. Open containers to add or remove chemical in ventilated areas.

Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Avoid skin contact and always wash hands, arms, face, and neck immediately after working with these chemicals.

The Laboratory Supervisor maintains records of the amounts of these materials on hand, amounts and dates used, and names of laboratory employees involved.

Laboratory employees should be familiar with emergency procedures for accidents or spills involving these chemicals. The Department Chemical Hygiene Officer should be notified of all incidents of exposure or spills. If a major spill occurs outside of the fume

7-21


hood or glove box, emergency responders should wear appropriate personal protective equipment and all other workers should evacuate the area.

Do not work alone when using compounds of high or unknown toxicity.

Contaminated clothing should be chemically decontaminated or destroyed.

Determine the appropriateness of medical surveillance for employees if they are working with toxicologically significant quantities of these substances on a regular basis.

7-22


Appendix 7A – Glove Selection Chart

Nitrile(heavy green or disposable

blue)

Use when handling most acids, caustics, alcohols,

and ethers

Acetic AcidAmmoniaButyl CellosolveChromic AcidCumeneDiamineDiethanolamineDiethyl EtherEthanolEthylene GlycolFormaldehydeFreonHeptane

HexaneHydrochloric AcidHydrofluoric AcidIsopropyl AlcoholKeroseneMethanolOleic AcidPhosphoric AcidPotassium HydroxideSodium HydroxideSulfuric AcidTriethanolamine

Butyl(Dull black with rolled cuff)

Use when handling acids, ketones, esters, and some

amines

AcetoneAcetonitrileAcetophenoneAcetylacetoneAcroleinAmyl AcetateAnilineBenzyl AlcoholButyl AcetateCyclohexanoneDiethylene GlycolDibutyl PhthalateDiisobutyl KetoneDiisopropyl KetoneDimethyl EtherDimethyl FormamideDimethyl Sulfoxide

DioxaneEthyl Acetate*EthylamineFurfuralHydrazineMethyl Isobutyl KetoneMethyl Ethyl KetoneMorpholineNitropropanePhenolPropyl AcetatePropianaldehyde1,2-Propylene GlycolTetrahydrofuran* 2,4-Toluene DiisocyanateTricresyl Phosphate

Viton(Shiny black with straight

cuff)

Use when handling PCB’s, chlorinated solvents, and

aromatic solvents

Carbon DisulfideCarbon TetrachlorideBenzene*ChlorobenzeneChloroformCyclohexaneGlutaraldehydeHexaneMethylamineMethylene Chloride

PCB’s (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)PentanePerchloroethylenePhenol1,1,2,2-TetrachloroethyleneTrichloroethylene*Toluene1,1,1-TrichloroethaneXylene

* Use with SilverShield Liner

A 7-23


Appendix 7B – Sample Employee Training Record

LABORATORY EMPLOYEE TRAINING RECORD

Employee Name:

Department:

Supervisor:

Date:

Training Requirement:Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in LaboratoriesWAC 296-828-20015 (29 CFR 1910.1450), Chemical Hygiene Plan

The following information was covered in the training session:

Laboratory Standards Act

General laboratory safety rules

Laboratory operations or activities requiring approval

Procedures for handling and labeling chemicals and working alone

Identity of Chemical Hygiene Personnel

Emergency procedures

Fire extinguishers

Specific exposure control measures

Methods and observations to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical

Physical and health hazards of chemicals in the work area

Measures of protection from the hazards posted by chemicals in the lab

Material Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

Proper waste disposal methods

Other: _________________________________________________

Employee’s Signature: _______________________ Date:__________

Trainer’s Signature: __________________________ Date: __________

A 7-24


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-1. Classes of Carcinogenic Compounds

(* Denotes Select Carcinogen)

Alkylating Agents: a-Halo Ethers *bis(Chloromethyl)Ether*Methyl Chloromethyl Ether

Alkylating Agents: Sulfonates

*1,4-Butanediol DimethanesulfonateDiethyl Sulfate

Dimethyl SulfateEthyl Methanesulfonate

Methyl MethanesulfonateMethyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate

1,3-Propanesultone

Alkylating Agents: Epoxides

*Ethylene OxideDiepoxybutaneEpichlorohydrinPropylene OxideStyrene Oxide

Alkylating Agents: Aziridines *Ethylenimine2-Methylaziridine

Alkylating Agents: Diazo, Azo, and Azoxy Compounds

4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene

Alkylating Agents: Electrophilic Alkenes and Alkynes

*AcrylnotrileAcrolein

Ethyl Acrylate

Acylating Agents*b-Propiolactoneb-Butyrolactone

Dimethylcarbamoyl Chloride

Organohalogen Compounds

*1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane*Mustard Gas (bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide)

*Vinyl ChlorideCarbon Tetrachloride

Chloroform3-Chloro-2-methylpropene

1,2-Dibromoethane1,4-Dichlorobenzene1,2-Dichloroethane2,2-Dichloroethane

1,3-DichloropropeneHexachlorobenzene

Methyl IodideTetrachloroethylene

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol

A 7-25


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-1. Classes of Carcinogenic Compounds Continued

Hydrazines

Hydrazine and hydrazine salts1,2-Diethylhydrazine

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine1,2-Dimethylhydrazine

N-Nitroso Compounds *N-NitrosodimethylamineN-Nitroso-N-alkylureas

Aromatic Amines

*4-Aminobiphenyl*Benzidine (p,p’-diaminobiphenyl)

*-Naphthylamine*-Naphthylamine

Anilineo-Anisidine (2-Methoxyaniline)

2,4-Diaminotolueneo-Toludine

Aromatic Hydrocarbons*Benzene

Benz[a]anthraceneBenzo[a]pyrene

Natural Products (Including Anti-Tumor Drugs)

AdriamycinAflatoxinsBleomycinCisplatin

ProgesteroneReserpine

Safrole

Miscellaneous Organic Compounds

*Formaldehyde (gas)Acetaldehyde1,4-Dioxane

Ethyl Carbamate (Urethane)Hexamethylphosphoramide

2-NitropropaneStyreneThiourea

Thioacetamide

Miscellaneous Inorganic Compounds

*Arsenic and certain As compounds*Chromium and certain Cr compounds

*Thorium DioxideBeryllium and certain Be compoundsCadmium and certain Cd compounds

Lead and certain Pb compoundsNickel and certain Ni compounds

Selenium Sulfide

A 7-26


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-2 – Partial List of Incompatible Chemicals

Chemical Is Incompatible WithAcetic Acid Chromic Acid, Nitric Acid, hydroxyl compounds, Ethylene Glycol,

Perchloric Acid, peroxides, permanganatesAcetylene Chlorine, Bromine, Copper, Fluorine, Silver, MercuryAcetone Concentrated Nitric and Sulfuric Acid mixturesAlkali and Alkaline Earth Metals Water, Carbon Tetrachloride or other chlorinated metals,

hydrocarbons, Carbon Dioxide, halogensAmmonia (anhydrous) Mercury (e.g. in manometers), Chlorine, Calcium Hypochlorite,

Iodine, Bromine, Hydrofluoric Acid (anhydrous)Ammonium Nitrate Acids, powdered metals, flammable liquids, chlorates, nitrates,

Sulfur, finely divided organic or combustible materialsAniline Nitric Acid, Hydrogen PeroxideArsenical materials Any reducing agentAzides AcidsBromine See ChlorineCalcium Oxide WaterCarbon (activated) Calcium Hypochlorite, all oxidizing agentsCarbon Tetrachloride SodiumChlorates Ammonium salts, acids, powdered metals, Sulfur, finely divided

organic or combustible materialsChromic Acid and Chromium Trioxide

Acetic Acid, Naphthalene, Camphor, Glycerol, alcohols, flammable liquids

Chlorine Ammonia, Acetylene, Butadiene, Butane, Methane, Propane (or other petroleum gases), Hydrogen, Sodium Carbide, Benzene, finely divided metals, Turpentine

Chlorine Dioxide Ammonia, Methane, Phosphine, Hydrogen SulfideCopper Acetylene, Hydrogen PeroxideCumene Hydroperoxide Acids (organic or inorganic)Cyanides AcidsFlammable Liquids Ammonium Nitrate, Chromic Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide, Nitric

Acid, Sodium Peroxide, halogensFluorine Isolate from everythingHydrocarbons Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Chromic Acid, Sodium PeroxideHydrocyanic Acid Nitric Acid, alkalisHydrofluoric Acid (anhydrous) Ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous)

A 7-27


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-2 – Partial List of Incompatible Chemicals Continued

Hydrogen Peroxide Copper, Chromium, Iron, most metals or their salts, alcohols, Acetone, organic materials, Aniline, Nitromethane, combustible materials

Hydrogen Sulfide Fuming Nitric Acid, oxidizing gasesHypochlorites Acids, Activated CarbonIodine Acetylene, Ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous), HydrogenMercury Acetylene, Fulminic Acid, AmmoniaNitrates Sulfuric AcidNitric Acid (concentrated) Acetic Acid, Aniline, Chromic Acid, Hydrocyanic Acid,

Hydrogen Sulfide, flammable liquids, flammable gases, Copper, Brass, any heavy metals

Nitrates Sulfuric AcidNitroparaffins Inorganic bases, aminesOxalic Acid Silver, MercuryOxygen Oils, grease, Hydrogen, flammable liquids, solids, or gasesPerchloric Acid Acetic Anhydride, Bismuth and its alloys, alcohols, paper,

wood, grease, oilsPeroxides, Organic Acids (organic or mineral), avoid friction, store coldPhosphorous (white) Air, Oxygen, alkalis, reducing agentsPhosphorous Pentoxide WaterPotassium Carbon Tetrachloride, Carbon Dioxide, waterPotassium Chlorate Sulfuric and other acidsPotassium Perchlorate (also see chlorates)

Sulfuric and other acids

Potassium Permanganate Glycerol, Ethylene Glycol, Benzaldehyde, Sulfuric AcidSelenides Reducing agentsSilver Acetylene, Oxalic Acid, Tartaric Acid, ammonium compounds,

Fulminic AcidSodium Carbon Tetrachloride, Carbon Dioxide, waterSodium Nitrate Ammonium Nitrate and other ammonium saltsSodium Peroxide Ethyl or Methyl Alcohol, Glacial Acetic Acid, Acetic Anhydride,

Benzaldehyde, Carbon Disulfide, Glycerin, Ethylene Glycol, Ethyl Acetate, Methyl Acetate, Furfural

Sulfides AcidsSulfuric Acid Potassium Chlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Potassium

Permanganate, similar compounds of light metals such as sodium or lithium

Tellurides Reducing Agents

A 7-28


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-3 – Partial List of Flammable Liquids

Chemical Flash Point

Boiling Point

Ignition Temperature

Flammable Limit (% by volume air)

(C) (C) (C) Lower UpperAcetaldehyde

Acetone

Benzene

Carbon Disulfide

Cyclohexane

Diethyl Ether

Ethyl Alcohol

N-Heptane

N-Hexane

Isopropyl Alcohol

Methyl Alcohol

Methyl Ethyl Ketone

Pentane

Styrene

Toluene

p-Xylene

-37.8

-17.8

-11.1

-30.0

-20.0

-45.0

12.8

-3.9

-21.7

11.7

11.1

-6.1

-40.0

32.2

4.4

27.2

21.1

56.7

80.0

46.1

81.7

35.0

78.3

98.3

68.9

82.8

64.9

80.0

36.1

146.1

110.6

138.3

175.0

465.0

560.0

80.0

245.0

160.0

365.0

215.0

225.0

398.9

385.0

515.6

260.0

490.0

480.0

530.0

4.0

2.6

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.9

3.3

1.05

1.1

2.0

6.7

1.8

1.5

1.1

1.2

1.1

60.0

12.8

7.1

50.0

8.0

36.0

19.0

6.7

7.5

12.0

36.0

10.0

7.8

6.1

7.1

7.0

A 7-29


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-4 – Partial List of Corrosives

Acids

NitricSulfuric

PhosphoricHydrochloric

AceticChromic

PerchloricPeriodic

HydrofluoricChloroacetic

Cresylic

Bases

Sodium HydroxidePotassium HydroxideAmmonium Hydroxide

Calcium OxideSodium Carbonate

Potassium CarbonateCalcium Carbonate

Trisodium PhosphateBarium HydroxideBarium Carbonate

Others BromineGlutaraldehyde

A 7-30


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-5 – Partial List of Reactive Chemicals

Water-Reactive Chemicals

Alkali metals (Na, Li, K) Alkali metal hydrides (LiH, CaH2, LiAlH4, NaBH2) Alkali metal amides (NaNH2) Metal alkyls (RLi, RNa, R3Al, R2Zn) Grignard Reagents (RMgX) Halides of nonmetals (BCl3, BF3, PCl3, SiCl4, S2Cl2) Inorganic acid halides (POCl3, SOCl2, SO2Cl2) Anhydrous metal halides (AlCl3, TiCl4, ZrCl4, SnCl4) Phosphorous Pentoxide Calcium Carbide Organic acid halides and anhydrides of low molecular weight, such as acetylchloride

acetic acid anhydride

Pyrophoric Chemicals

Grignard Reagents (RMgX) Metal alkyls and aryls (RLi, RNa, R3Al, R2Zn) Metal carbonyls Alkali metals (Na, Li, K) Metal powders (Al, Co, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pd, Pt, Ti, Sn) Metal Hydrides (NaH, LiAlH4) Nonmetal hydrides (B2H6 and other boranes, PH3, AsH3) Nonmetal alkyls (R3B, R3P, R3As) Phosphorous (white)

Peroxide Forming ChemicalsList A: Discard within 3 months

Diisopropyl Ether (Isopropyl Ether) Divinylacetylene (DVA) Potassium metal Potassium Amide Sodium Amide (Sodamide) Vinylidene Chloride (1,1-Dichloroethylene)

A 7-31


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-5 – Partial List of Reactive Chemicals Continued

Peroxide Forming ChemicalsList B: Do not distill or evaporate without testing for the presence of peroxides. Discard or

test for peroxides after 6 months.

Acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal (Acetal) Cumene (Isopropyl Benzene) Cyclohexene Cyclopentene Decalin (Decahydronaphthalene) Diacetylene (Butadiene) Diethyl Ether (Ether) Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether (Diglyme) Dioxane Ethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether (Glyme) Ethylene Glycol Ether Acetates Ethylene Glycol Monoethers (Cellosolves) Furan Methylacetylene Methylcyclopentane Tetrahydrofuran (THF) Tetralin (Tetrahydronaphthalene) Vinyl Ethers

Peroxide Forming ChemicalsList C: Normal Liquids. Discard or test for peroxides after 6 months.

Chloroprene (2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene) Styrene Vinyl Acetate Vinylpyridine

Normal Gases. Discard after 12 months. Butadiene Tetrafluroethylene (TEE) Vinylacetylene (MVA) Vinyl Chloride

A 7-32


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-6 – Compressed and Liquefied Gases

GasThreshold Limit

Values(ppm)

Flammability Limits in Air(% by vol)

Major Hazards

Acetylene (dissolved) Not established* 2.5-81.0 Flammable, asphyxiantAmmonia (liquid) 25 15-28 ToxicArgon Not established

(non-toxic)None Asphyxiant

Boron Trifluoride 1 None Toxic, causes burns1,3-Butadiene (liquid) 10 2-11.5 Flammable, skin irritant,

suspect carcinogenButane (liquid) Not established* 1.9-8.5 FlammableCarbon Dioxide (liquid) 5000 None Flammable, toxicCarbon Monoxide 50 12.5-74.0 Toxic, severeChlorine (liquid) 0.5 None Irritant, causes burns,

corrosiveEthane (liquid) Not established* 3.0-12.5 Flammable, asphyxiantEthylene Not established* 3.1-32.0 Flammable, asphyxiantEthylene Oxide (liquid pure)

1 3.0-100.0 Flammable, toxic, can cause burns when trapped by clothes or shoes, suspect carcinogen

Helium Not established None AsphyxiantHydrogen Not established 4.0-75.0 Flammable, asphyxiantHydrogen Bromide (liquid)

3 None Toxic, causes burns, corrosive

Hydrogen Chloride (liquid)

5 None Toxic, causes burns, corrosive

Hydrogen Fluoride (liquid) 3 None Toxic, causes severe slow healing burns, corrosive

Hydrogen Sulfide (liquid) 10 4.3-45.0 Toxic, flammable, irritantMethane Not established 5.3-14.0 Flammable, asphyxiantMethyl Bromide (liquid) 5 13.5-14.5 Toxic, causes burnsMethyl Chloride (liquid) 50 10.7-17.4 Toxic, flammableMethyl Mercaptan (liquid) 0.5 Unknown Toxic, flammableNitrogen Not established

(non-toxic)None Asphyxiant

Nitrogen Dioxide (liquid) 3 None Toxic, corrosiveOxygen Non-toxic None Highly reactivePhosgene (liquid) 0.1 None ToxicPropane (liquid) Not established* 2.2-9.5 Flammable, asphyxiantSulfur Dioxide (liquid) 2 None Toxic, causes burnsVinyl Chloride 5 4.0-22.0 Flammable, causes

burns, human carcinogen

* non-toxic, produces anesthetic effects

A 7-33


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-7 – Partial List of Select Carcinogens

2-Acetylaminofluorene Acrylonitrile Aflatoxins 4-Aminobiphenyl Analgesic mixtures containing phenacetin Arsenic and certain arsenic compounds Asbestos Azathioprine Benzene Benzidine Bis(chloromethyl) ether and technical grade chloromethyl methyl ether 1,4-Butanediol Dimethylsulfonate (Myleran) 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-Methylnitrobiphenylcyclohexyl4-)-1-Nitrosourea (ME CCNU) Chlorambucil Chloromethyl methyl ether Chromium and certain chromium compounds Conjugated estrogens Cyclophosphamide 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine and it’s salts Diethylstilbestrol 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene Erionite Ethylene Oxide Ethyleneimine Formaldehyde Melphalan Methoxsalen with ultraviolet A therapy 4,4’-Methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) Bis(2-Chloroethyl)sulfide (mustard gas) N,N’-bis(2-Chloroethyl)-2-naphthylamine (chlornaphazine) -Naphthylamine -Naphthylamine N-Nitrosodimethylamine -Propiolactone Thorium dioxide Tresulphan Vinyl Chloride

A 7-34


Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-8 – Regulated Carcinogens (Substances Reasonably Anticipated to Cause Cancer in

Humans)

Acetaldehyde 2-Acetylaminofluorene Acrylamide Acrylonitrile Adriamycin 2-Aminoanthraquinono o-Aminoazotoluene 1-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone Amitrole o-Anisidine hydrochloride Benzotrichloride Beryllium and certain beryllium

compounds Bischloroethyl nitroso-urea Bromodichloromethane 1,3-Butadiene Butylated hydroxyanisole Cadmium and certain cadmium

compounds Carbon tetrachloride Chlorendic acid Chlorinated paraffins (C12 , 60%

chlorine) Chloroform 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-

nitrosourea (CCNU) 3-Chloro-2-methylpropene 4-Chloro-o-phenylenediamine C.I. Basic Red 9 Monohydrochloride Cisplatin p-cresidine Cupferron Dacarbazine DDT 2,4-Diaminoanisole Sulfate 2,4-Diaminotoluene 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB) 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine-dihydrochloride 1,2-Dichloroethane Dichloromethane (methylene chloride) 1,3-Dichloropropene (technical grade) Diepoxybutane Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate Diethyl Sulfate Diglycidyl Resorcinol Ether 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine and 3,3'-

Dimethoxybenzidine Hydrochloride 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene Dimethylcarbamall Chloride

3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine 1,1’-Dimethylhydrazine Dimethyl Sulfate Dimethylvinyl Chloride 1,4-Dioxane Direct Black 38 Direct Black 6 Epichlorohydrin Estrogens (not conjugated): Estradiol-17 Estrogens (not conjugated): Estrone Estrogens (not conjugated): Ethinylestradiol Estrogens (not conjugated): Mestranol Ethyl Acrylate Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Thiourea Ethyl Methanesulfonate Formaldehyde (gas) Hexachlorobenzene Hexamethylphosphoramide Hydrazine and Hydrazine Sulfate Hydrazobenzene Iron Dextran Complex Kepone (Chlordecone) Lead Acetate and Lead Phosphate Lindane and other hexachlorocyclo-hexane

isomers 2-Methylaziridine (Propyleneimine) 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-Chloroaniline) 4-4'-Methylenebis(N,N-

dimethyl)benzenamine 4,4'-Methylenedianiline and its

dihydrochloride Methyl Methanesulfonate N-Methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine Metronidazole Michler’s Ketone Mirex Nickel and certain nickel compounds Nitrilotriacetic Acid Nitrofen Nitrogen Mustard Hydrochloride 2-Nitropropane N-Nitrosodi-N-butylamine N-Nitrosodiethanolamine N-Nitrosodiethylamine N-Nitrosodimethylamine N-Nitrosodi-N-propylamine N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-

Butanone N-Nitroso-N-methylurea N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine

A 7-35


N-Nitrosomorphonline N-Nitrosonornicotine N-Nitrosopiperidine N-Nitrosopyrrolidine N-Nitrososarcosine Norethisterone Ochratoxin A 4,4'-Oxydianiline Oxymetholone Phenacetin Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride Phenoxybenzamine Hydrochloride Phenytoin Polybrominated Biphenyls Polychlorinated Biphenyls Procarbazine Hydrochloride Progesterone 1,3-Propane Sultone -Propiolactone Propylene Oxide Propylthiouracil Reserpine Saccharin Safrole Selenium Sulfide Silica, Crystalline (respirable), Quartz,

Cristobalite, Tridymite

Streptozotocin Sulfallate 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) Thioacetamide Thiourea Toluene Diisocyanate o-Toluidine and o-Toluidine Hydrochloride Toxaphene 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol Tris(1-Aziridinyl)Phosphine Sulfide Tris(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate Urethane Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Benz[A]Anthracene Benzo[B]Fluoranthene Benzo[J]Fluoranthene Benzo[K]Fluoranthene Benzo[A]Pyrene Dibenz[A, H]Acridine Dibenz[A, J]Acridine Dibenz[A,H]Anthracene 7H-Dibenzo[C,G]Carbazole Dibenzo[A,E] [A,H] [A,I] [A,L] Pyrene Ideno[1,2,3-CD]Pyrene5-Methylchrysene 5-Methylchrysene

Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-9 –Partial List of Reproductive Toxins (Teratogens)

Acrylic Acid Aniline Benzene

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Cadmium Carbon Disulfide N,N-Dimethylacetamide Dimethylformamide (DMF) Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) Diphenylamine Estradiol Formaldehyde Formamide Hexachlorobenzene Iodoacetic Acid Lead compounds Mercury compounds Nitrobenzene Nitrous Oxide Phenol Polychlorinated and Polybrominated Biphenyls Toluene Vinyl Chloride Xylene

Appendix 7C – Chemical InformationTable 7-10 – Toxic Metals and Toxic Metal Compounds

Antimony and antimony compounds Arsenic and arsenic compounds, arsine Barium, soluble barium compounds, barium sulfate Beryllium compounds

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Boron, borates, boron halides Cadmium salts Chromium compounds Germanium tetrahydride Indium compounds Iron salts, soluble Lead salts and organo compounds Manganese compounds Mercury and mercury compounds, organo compounds Molybdenum compounds Nickel compounds Osmium compounds, tetroxide Rhodium compounds Selenium compounds Silver compounds, soluble Tellurium compounds Thallium compounds, soluble Tin compounds, inorganic and organic Tungsten compounds, soluble Uranium compounds Yttrium metal and compounds Zinc, chromates, oxide dust Zirconium compounds

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Appendix 7D - Department Specific InformationTable 7D-1 – Locations of Designated Areas

Department____________________Department Head/chemical hygiene officer ________________________ Building _______________________

Room Number

Laboratory Supervisor

Class of Chemical or Name

Designated Location(s) in Room (Hood Number)

Maintain this table in the Department Safety Information Book, Section 7, Chemical Hygiene Plan.

Provide a copy to the Environmental Health and Safety Office, MS 9070

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Appendix 7D - Department Specific InformationTable 7D-2 –Chemical Hygiene Personnel

Chemical Hygiene Officer

Name: Sue Sullivan Title: Director, Environmental Health and SafetyLocation: Environmental Studies Rm 70 Extension: 6512 Home Phone: (360)

756-2263Cell Phone: (360 303-9662 Pager: 650-3064

Department Chemical Hygiene Officer (Department Head or Chair)

Name: Title:Location: Extension:Home Phone: Cell Phone:

Assistant Department Chemical Hygiene Officer

Name: Title:Location: Extension:Home Phone: Cell Phone:

WWU Medical Director - Contact Director of Environmental Health and Safety

Department Laboratory Supervisors (Principal Investigators)

Refer to the Safety Information Book, Section 2, Emergency Procedures for names and contact information for laboratory supervisors

Receipt of Chemicals

Chemicals are received by the Chemistry Stockroom and inspected by the Department or Assistant Chemical Hygiene Officer or a designee before inventory and distribution. OR

Describe Receipt of Chemicals:

Maintain this table in the Department Safety Information Book, Section 7, Chemical Hygiene Plan.

Provide a copy to the Environmental Health and Safety Office, MS 9070

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Documents

Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): The maximum Chemical... · Web viewThe purpose of this Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) is to describe laboratory work practices and procedures which