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A ‒ あ アフレコ (Afu-Reko) “ADR” Abbreviation for "After Recording." Record voices in sync with video. In anime, instead of using the completed version, there is a version specifically created for ADR. Recording voices first, then matching the animation to the voices is called "Pre-Sco" for Pre-Scoring. 色付き (Iro Tsuki) “Colored” Movies made for editing and audio with color in them. An almost-complete state. Uncolored video is called “Sen-dori” (Line Film) or “Shiroi” (White). Compared to Colored video, one cannot do as much work edit-wise nor audio-wise. Because of worsening production conditions, it is not rare to perform audio work with “Sen-dori.” 色指定・検査 (Iro Shitei・Kensa) “Color Directions/Inspection” There is something called a “Color Model“ that is a record of how to color in the characters that is made per scene by the color setting staff. Color Direction instructs which color model to use per cut. Sometimes, the colors of small objects that only make an appearance for one episode are decided by this section. The cuts that have their color models decided are then sent to a ”Finish“ section where they are actually colored in. The inspection section then checks to see if the correct colors were used, and if any mistakes are made. 入れ切り (Ire-Kiri) “Full Insert” Handing over all materials needed for work. Ａパート “A Part” First part of the episode before the commercial break. 絵コンテ (E Konte) “Storyboard” Using the given scenario, one illustrates cuts, screen composition, and character actions along with voice lines and duration. Serves as blueprint of animation. 絵コンテを切っている (E-Konte wo Kitteiru) “Cut the Storyboard” Means to draw the storyboard.

 

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演出 (Enshutsu) “Episode Director” Using the storyboard, position that directs acting and images for certain sections. Present at all meetings/checks throughout anime process. *Literally means “interpretation/mise-en-scene” but acts more like a stage director in anime production. M Theatrical and/or accompaniment music. オールラッシュ “All Rush” Put all cuts in numerical order and check. During this process, person in charge can pick up mistakes in continuity and check coherence within a scene. オールコンテ撮 (All Konte Satsu) “All Board Filming” Movie that connects all filmed storyboards together. 重いカット (Omoi Cut) "Heavy Cut" A cut heavy in calories, meaning a cut requiring a lot of hard work. 音響制作 (Onkyou Seisaku) “Audio Production” Section that operates and deals with audio staff, VA (voice actor), staff arrangement, audio studio arrangement, order ADR script. 音監 (Onkan} ”A.D.” Short of Audio Director. 音響監督 (Onkyou Kantoku) “Audio Director” The person responsible for all things audio for an anime. Does everything from voice actor casting, ordering which pieces of music to use, deciding how to use BGM and sound effects during Dubbing, and instructing voice actors with their acting.

 

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Ka ‒ か 回収 (Kaishuu) “Retrieval” In the anime industry, there are many times when the staff cannot get together in one place. Production goes to their workplaces and gathers their work. カット袋 (Cut-Bukuro) “Cut Bag” A thick envelope to protect materials from damage and dirt during shipping. Despite digitalization, art is still drawn on paper. Cut number, duration, advisor, sheet number, camerawork, footnotes, various other pieces of information are directly written on the bag. カッティング "Cutting" Editing process. See "Editing" for full definition. カーボン線 -New- (Carbon Sen) "Carbon Line" In Cel Animation, carbon was burned into the back of the cel to make a principal line. カメラワーク "Camerawork" Term for technique of postulating a movie camera filming a character, and moving that camera. ガヤ (Gaya) “Chatter” “Chit chat” voices that have no specified dialogue, such as casual talking in the background and cheering of crowds. 監督 (Kantoku) “Director” The person that brings together everything regarding an anime. Participates from the very first stages of production, including planning and scenario building, and when the work enters production, he or she provides instructions such as acting and renditions for certain scenes and his/her interpretation of the work‘s world. 完パケ (Kan-Pake) "Complete Package" Data with all work finished and is in a state ready to be broadcasted.

 

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脚本 (Kyakuhon) “Script” Who is doing what, when and where. Character actions and dialogue written out as text. Made up of paragraphs, dialogue, and stage directions. 記録 (Kiroku) “Records” During Rush Check for retake, sometimes work is broken up into check movie controls and record-keeping. Records on retake and cut numbers are kept. キューランプ “Cue Lamp” Lamp inside the (voice) recording booth. Also used at times when staff from the adjustment room wants to give cues to the cast. キャラクターデザイン “Character Design” Person who creates a “character blueprint,” a 3D design that makes it easier for animators to move the characters. Designs for a character‘s physical image is done by a “キャラクター原案 Character Genan (Character Draft),” but when an animator handles the first drafts, he or she will also often be responsible for character designs. クリンナップ "Clean Up" Taking lines from rough key, and making them clearer and cleaner. キャラ設定 (Chara Settei) "Character Setting" The configurations of a character. グロス “Gross” Means “Assemble.” Also called Gross-Dashi (Gross Out) and Gross-Uke (Gross In). When dealing with a TV series, production Gross is outsourced on a per-episode basis from a base company to a different production company. There are also other forms of Gross, such as animation and finish. ゲキバン（劇盤） (Geki-ban) "Insert Record" The music used within the anime. 原画 (Genga) “Key Animation” Illustrations of key movement points (beginning, critical junctures, end). Those in charge of this section are called “Genga-man.”

 

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原画用紙 (Genga Youshi) "Key Animation Paper" The paper that a Genga-man uses to draw on. 原撮 (Gensatsu) "Key Filming" Movie data filmed in its Key Animation stage. 原版 (Gen-ban) "Original Version" Here (at Musashino Animation), this term points to the master video data that will be copied and eventually sent to the broadcasting companies. 香盤表 (Koubanhyou) "Cast List" List that shows which characters show up at which scenes. The list used by Audio and Animation are different. What you see in episode 2 is the audio list. 効果 (Kouka) "Effects" Section that prepares ambient and emotional sounds, and adds sound effects when needed. Sound Effects = SE. コンテ撮 (Conte Satsu) “Board Filming” Film the storyboard for a predetermined amount of seconds, or the movie format.

 

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Sa ‒ さ 作画 (Sakuga) “Animation” Collective term for Key, Inbetween, A.D. Correction. 作画リテイク (Sakuga Retake) “Animation Retake” During Rush Check, retakes on animation that needs to be fixed. Missing character parts, corrections on actions and facial expressions, etc. 作画崩壊 (Sakuga Houkai) "Animation Deterioration" When the quality of the product drops drastically. A tragedy due to a collapse in scheduling. 作画プラン (Sakuga Plan) "Animation Plan" Plan of action for a character, and the planning for the final make-up of what is on the screen of a particular cut. 作打ち (Saku-Uchi) "Animation Meeting" Meeting for animation staff. E.D. and Genga-men come together to discuss acting plans based on storyboard. *”Uchi” is short for “Uchi-Awase,” which means meeting. 差し替え (Sashikae) “Replace” Taking an unfinished take from an edited movie, and replacing it with a more completed take. There are different types of replacements, such as pre-ADR replacing, pre-Dubbing replacing, and pre-Original movie replacing. 撮影 (Satsuei) “Filming” Digital software now allows production to composite character on backgrounds, add effects, and export in movie data. Before digitalization, process consisted of placing Cels on top of illustrated backgrounds and actually taking pictures with a camera.

 

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撮影打ち (Satsuei-Uchi) "Film Meeting" Episodic Director and Filming Director's meeting before their work. 撮入れ (Satsu-Ire) "Film Insert" The act of handing over work to the film section. 撮影入れ切り (Satsuei Ire-Kiri) "Film Full Insert" Fully handing over all materials to the film section. 作画イン -New- (Sakuga In} "Animation In" To begin animation work. 作監 (Sakkan) “A.D.” Abbreviation for Animation Director. In charge of certain episodes and their animation quality. Checks coherency among animations drawn by several key animators, and adds corrections. Has very high technique. If schedule is tight, one episode’s work is headed by several Animation Directors. 作監アップ (Sakkan Up) “A.D. Up” Either the deadline for an Animation Director’s work, or the director’s finished work itself. 作監入れ (Sakkan Ire) “A.D. Insert” The act of giving materials (Layout checks or Key Animation) to the Animation Director so that he/she can work on it. Or the materials themselves. 作監作業 (Sakkan Sagyou) “A.D. Work” Corrections made by the Animation Director. 作監補 (Sakkan-Ho) "A.D. Assist" Assist the A.D. and lessen the load of their work.

 

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仕上げ (Shiage) “Finish” Process of coloring in characters and objects. Now, colors can be digitally added on with a computer, but during the Cel days, colors were painted on transparent acetate sheets. 仕上げ検査 (Shiage Kensa) “Finish Check” “Finish” is coloring picture data from video. “Finish Check” is review of “Finished” product, so that there are no errors and everything is colored as directed. 色彩設定 (Shikisai Settei) "Color Setting" Section that determines the color of characters and small objects. In addition, in order to prevent characters from standing out compared to the background, this section adjusts the color for each scene. 色彩サンプル -New- (Shikisai Sample) "Color Sample" Sample of colors that served as an example used for the preparation of paint. During the cel animation days, drawings were colored in via paint, and so such samples were needed. For digital animation, it is similar to the Color Setting. 初号 -New- (Shogou) "First Issue" Ever since the film days, the first completely copy is called the "shogou (first issue)." The fixed and corrected version afterwards are called "Ni-gou (2nd issue)," "San-gou (3rd issue)," etc. 白玉系 (Shirotamakei) "White-ball Type" Any sound over the length of 2 minutes is called "Shirotama (White ball)." The term points to a phrase that is recorded continually, and not by short intervals. *"White Ball" could mean "Pearl," but in that case it should be called "Shiratama" and not "Shirotama," so for the time being I left it a direct translation. 進行表 (Shinkouhyou) “Progress Sheet” One episode is made up of roughly 280~340 cuts. The table that compiles each cut’s progress is the “Progress Sheet.” Sheet management is most important in understanding and managing a schedule. Although rudimentary, rookie producers often forget to update the sheet, after which they get yelled at by the Desk.

 

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新人原画 (Shinjin Genga) “Rookie Key” A “Genga-man” with little experience. スプライサー -New- "Splicer" A tool that cuts and joins film. ３Ｄチェック “3D Check” Check 3DCG modeling data and motions. ３Ｄ監督 (3D Kantoku) “3D Director” Person responsible for all the 3DCG used in the anime. Performs operations such as checking the CG made by the staff and managing schedules as well as the materials. 制作進行 (Seisaku Shinkou) “(Animation) Production Progress” Person responsible for managing production from storyboard to delivery for specific episodes. From scheduling and material management to staff arrangement, distribution, and transportation, there is endless work. Since they have a hand in basically all sections, they often go on to become directors or producers. 政策委員会 (Seisaku Iinkai) “Production Committee” An organization that handles various business operations, as well as collect funds to produce the anime. It aims to disperse capital risk by investing in numerous companies. Shareholding companies are given different kinds of rights and royalties, and in turn use those rights to perform business. (Ex: Books, CDs, Packages, Toy Distribution) *You always see the name of each anime‘s committee at the very end of the opening/ending credits. 設計 -New- (Sekkei) "Plan" Just as the term suggests: Planning. 設定制作 (Settei Seisaku) "Setting Production" Supervise settings of characters, art, objects, and collect references and materials of these settings.

 

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台詞シート (Serifu Sheet) “Dialogue Sheet” The written parts in a Time Sheet that signifies when a character says their lines for how long. 制作会議 -New- (Seisaku Kaigi) "Production Meeting" Meeting where the Line Producer, Production Desk, Setting Production, Production Progress all come together and discuss information such as the current production progress. セル -New- "Cel" A transparent sheet that was used for cel animation production. Because it was created using Celluloids, it was called "cel." ０コマ (Zero Coma) "Zero Frame" Means to not add any pauses in-between dialogue. 総作監 (Sou-Sakkan) "General A.D." Gather the work from several A.D. over several episodes, and unify the small changes in character art. ソーター "Sorter" Feature of the copy machine that prints collated copies when there is a need to create multiple copies of multiple-paged documents and materials.

 

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Ta ‒ た タイムシート "Time Sheet" Paper with timing for animation and directions written during filming. タップ "Tap" Tool that holds animation paper, which has holes in it, in place so they don't go out of alignment. During animation, it becomes the position of standard. ダビング “Dubbing” Matching sound data, BGM, and sound effects with video. ダビング前差し替え -New- (Dubbing mae sashikae) "Replace before Dubbing" The operation of, before the dubbing process, taking the video data used during ADR and replacing it with the most updated version. Improving the state of the material makes it easier for the dubbing process to take place. It is desired for the video to be in an almost complete condition at this stage. 付けパン (Tsuke-pan) "Attach Pan" Camerawork: Camera follows the character. Used when there is complex movements and/or change in speed. デスク “Desk” Person for schedule management and progress coordination for the entire anime. Main work: adjust workload of the main staff, follow up progress, solve problems that occur over time. The stuff he/she hears over the phone are almost never good news. 動仕 (Doushi) “Inbetween Finish” “Douga (animation)”+“Shiage (finish).” Also can be used for “Doushi-Maki,” which is the shipping of animation and finish. 透過光の裏打ち -New- (Toukakou no ura uchi) "Back up the Transmitted Light" The operation of coloring areas black on cels where the transmitted light overlap, so that they don't become transparent during the filming process.

 

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動画検査 (Douga Kensa) "Video Inspection" Section that checks whether the exported video has any errors and if it was made as instructed. 動画 (Douga) "Video" Clean up Key Animation, add in-between movements, make into animation. Or the actual materials themselves. People in this section are called "Douga-man." ト書き (Togaki) “Stage Direction” Everything in the scenario that is not actor dialogue. Includes situation, emotions, actions put into words. トークバック "Talkback" Machine that communicates between control room and recording room. Audio Director instructs cast inside the recording room while pressing the Talkback Switch. *In episode 2, the button the director (chubby in blue) presses when they’re talking about how the voice actor should be saying her lines. トレース台 (Trace Dai) “Trace Table” Also known as “Light Table.“ A table with a board of glass or acrylic over a light source such as a fluorescent lamp. It is built into the animation desk. The light makes overlapping animation paper transparent, enough for the bottom to be visible through the top. It is used for key, inbetween, and video animation work.

 

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Na ‒ な 中割りが溶ける (Nakawari ga Tokeru) “The Inbetween is melting” The process of adding video (meaning frames) between Key images is called “nakawari“ or “inbetween animation.“ When this inbetween portion‘s quality decreases and the animation seems to deteriorate, it is sometimes referred to as “melting.“ 二原 (Ni-Gen) “2nd Key” Abbreviation for Secondary Key Animation. Animation is broken up into two parts: Key Animation and Layout. Furthermore, Key is at times split into 1st and 2nd Key. 2nd Key are like assistants. 納品 (Nouhin) "Final Product" Finalizing the completed movie. Beyond this stage are sponsors, distributors, and broadcast companies.

 

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Ha ‒ は バラ (Bara) "Scatter" Data by cut. Checking this data and fixing retakes for it is called "Bara-Check." バラチェック (Bara-Check) “Scatter Check” Check each cut to see if it was filmed properly or if data is correct. Points out cuts that need corrections for quality upgrade. Since the cuts are scattered, this is called “Scatter Check” or “Retake Order.” パラ “Para” A type of video effect. Adding shadows on the screen or putting gradations. Before the digital age, these were added using paraffin paper (wax paper), hence the name “Parra.“ ハレーション -New- "Halation" When there are dents and bruises on the surface of the cel, and the light of the film reflects onto the lens. 美打ち (Bi-uchi) "Art Meeting" Meeting that discusses all the necessary information the create the backgrounds, from seasons, time, weather, etc. ＢＧ打ち (BG Uchi) “BG Meet” BG = Background. Meeting with art companies if/when they are employed to draw backgrounds. Also called “Bi-Uchi” or “Fuukei-Uchi.” *“Bi” is short of Art, and “Fuukei” means backgrounds. 美術ボード (Bijutsu Board) "Art Board" The art board is the principle background art drawn every time the staff enters background work. Since several people work on one scene, this board has the necessary information (make-up of buildings and grounds, colors of the sky and plants, etc.) so that there will be no disruption in continuity.

 

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美術ボードなしの１発背景 (Bijutsu board nashi no ippatsu haikei) “One-shot backgrounds without art board” Normally, what’s drawn first is the art board, which serves as the guidelines for background images. Usually, this needs to match the image that the director has in mind, after which background work commences. However, there are times when background work begins without an art board. This is a very high-risk operation, since if the finished background does not match what the director had in mind, the entire background for that scene must be fixed. 美術マン -New- (Bijutsu man) "Art Man" Just like there are Genga-men, these are the staff members of the art department. Ｂパート “B Part” The second half of the episode, following the commercial break. Ｖ編 (V-Hen) "V-Edit" Abbreviation for Video Edit. Insert telop (captions/subtitles), perform final checks, and make product into satisfactory form. フリッカー "Flicker" Points to when the speed of the character's movement is different from that of the camera, the character seems like it is finely shaking, fluctuating, or vibrating. It is sometimes purposely added to show that a character is shaking. フォロー "Follow" A technique that keeps characters and camera in place, but moves the background. ブラッシュアップ "Brush Up" Put the extra effort to make the materials they have even better. ブレス "Breath" Breath intake. ヘルプ -New- "Help" Supplementary/Subsidiary staff.

 

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編集 (Henshuu) “Edit” The Edit process. Also called “Cutting.” Following the storyboard, the editor connects the cuts of all filmed data, adjusts length of each cut so that it shows the intended meaning, changes the order of cuts, etc. In a TV series, there is a specific broadcast format, and so the editor must adjust length for TV. ヘルプの仕事 (Help no Shigoto) “Helper‘s Work” Here (at Musashino Animation), this points to when someone helping out with another episode‘s key animation in their free time, despite it not being from an episode they are assigned to. 本読み (Hon-yomi) "Read-through" Reading through the script and analyzing the content. ボイスオーバー “Voice Over” Taking translated audio and placing them over video. ボードチェック “Board Check” The art materials that serve as guidelines for each cut’s background work is called the Art Board. This is the check for that board.

 

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Ma ‒ ま マカないと (Makanaito) "Wrap it up" Means to hurry up. 撒き (Maki) “Disperse” The process of shipping out animation and finishing work. For times when work is outsourced to different studios, which is how the process got its name. まき直せ（まき戻す） (Maki Modosu) “Re-Disperse” The process of re-outsourcing to another person/organization, if for some reason a studio is no longer available for assistance. 回り込み (Mawari Komi) "Wrap-Around" Expression of putting character on an axis and wrap the camera around. Requires precise calculations and time-consuming animation technique. ミキサー “Mixer” Person in charge of adjusting the balance of the volumes of character lines, sound effects, and BGM, then processing the audio. ミキサー助手 (Mixer Joshu) “Assistant Mixer” Handles recording operations using Protools as well as manage the settings of the equipment at the audio studio. Helps to make operations run as smooth as possible. メーカーＰ "Maker P" Often means Producer of package production company. FYI, it is common to separate animation production (制作) and merchandise production (製作). *Both 制作 and 製作 are read as “Seisaku,” which means “production.” 目パチ (Me-Pachi) “Eye Flash” Luminance or shine.

 

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モーションブラー "Motion Blur" The blur/afterimage that is produced when taking a moving object with a camera. モデリング "Modeling" The object that a 3D graphic is modeled/formed after. 元請け (Moto-Uke) “Base Company” An animation company that a sponsor company directly contracts for production. In a TV series, it is rare for one company to produce all episodes. Often, another company will be employed for production on a per-episode basis. This secondary company is called “Gross-Uke.” Even when production is outsourced (called “Gross-Dashi”), however, pre- and post-production is often managed by the “Moto-Uke” company. *“Uke” means receive or redeem. Literally, “Moto-Uke” means receive the original. “Dashi (出し)” means to export.

 

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Ra ‒ ら ラインＰ "Line P" Abbreviation for Line Producer. Responsible for production site. Mainly performs staffing, scheduling, budget management duties. ラッシュ・ラッシュチェック “Rush・Rush Check” Rush (film) is a term from the days when film was used. It is film developed for post-production work so that the original film will stay undamaged. This term is now means the movie data made for checking. Rush Check is the process of checking the movie data to see if there are any problems. There are two types: “Bara-Check” and “All Rush.” - “Bara-Check” (Scatter Check) Check each cut to see if it was filmed properly or if data is correct. Points out cuts that need corrections for quality upgrade. Since the cuts are scattered, this is called “Scatter Check” or “Retake Order.” - “All-Rush” Put all cuts in numerical order and check. During this process, person in charge can pick up mistakes in continuity and check coherence within a scene. ラッシュルーム “Rush Room” Room with all the necessary equipment to perform Rush Check. ラフ原 (Rough-Gen) “Rough Key” As previously mentioned, the Key Animation work, up to Layout+First Key Animation (“Ichi-Gen”), AKA the deliverables. The product before the Finish Work of the Key Animation. ラインディレクター “Line Director” Line refers to the manufacturing department that the project is assigned to. The director heads that department. リテイク “Retake” Cut in need of correction. リテイク修正 (Retake Shuusei) “Retake Revision” Correction of Retake content that was ordered during check.

 

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レイアウト "Layout" Screen composition drawn from storyboard. Has character positions and backgrounds. After going through layout presentation and A.D. checks, this layout is sent to the background section for background art work. ロケハン (Lok é-Han) "Loc-Hun: Location Hunting" Searching for the setting of the anime, and collecting data.