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sh.fakourian@gmail.com

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1 Washing water 2 Separating vessel 3 Water Carryover

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CaCl2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl

+ 2HCl 2O → Mg(OH)2+ 2H 2MgCl

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(a)(b)

4 Globe valve 5 Spray nozzle

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F

𝐹 =𝐾𝑠. 𝜀2. 𝑑6

𝑠4

𝜀dsKs

𝑆𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 =𝑘. (𝜌𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 − 𝜌𝑜𝑖𝑙). 𝑑2

𝜇𝑜𝑖𝑙

kdρμ

6 Residence time 7 Stock’s law

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8 Surfactants 9 Wax 10 Porous media 11 Optical microscope

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121314

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12 n-pentane 13 n-hexane 14 n-heptane 15 Poly-nuclear

ذرات جامد معلق در محلول16 17 Bottle test

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1-Juan Pereira, Ingrid Velasquez, Ronald Blanco, Meraldo Sanchez, César Pernalete and Carlos

Canelón, “Crude Oil Desalting Process”, 2015.

2-Merv Fingas, and Ben Fieldhouse, “Studies of the formation process of water-in-oil

emulsions”, 2003.

3- Ayman M. Atta, “Electric Desalting and Dewatering of Crude Oil Emulsion Based on Schiff

Base Polymers As Demulsifier”, 2013.

4- YE Guoxiang, LÜ Xiaoping, PENG Fei, HAN Pingfang, and SHEN Xuan, “Pretreatment of

Crude Oil by Ultrasonic-electric United Desalting and Dewatering”, 2008.

5- Erik Fetter Pruneda, Enrique Rivero Borrell Escobedo y Francisco Javier Garfias Vázquez,

“Optimum Temperature in the Electrostatic Desalting of Maya Crude Oil”, 2005.