Shelby Skauge

Mr. Rose

Period 1

•Black Mesa, 3 steep sides

•Four Corners Area, Ne Arizona

•Lived in the Plains

•Minerals: copper, zinc, lead, gold, silver,

uranium, molybdenum, and asbestos were

available

•Water is healthy

•Animals grizzly bears, timber wolf, elk,

and bison.

•Very warm, humid

•Religion is Life

•Most ceremonies relate to rain

•Kachinas

•Religion starts at a young age.

•Nine Prophecies of the Nine Worlds

•Kivas

•They put sacred cornmeal, tobacco, and feathers before the altar.

•Hopi show less interest in the afterlife.

• The Hopi had many priests, Snake Priest and Antelope Priest.

•The Crier Chief announced all ceremonies

•Sacred Hopi Clowns

•Only Men are religious leaders

•Matrilineal

•Mammoths

• Bison

•Collect Wild Plants

•24 Different kinds of corn

•Piki- paper thin bread made of corn and ash

•Beans, squash, melons, pumpkins, fruit

www.minnehahacounty.org www.statemuseum.arizona.edu

•Pueblos, made of stone and mud

•Center had a firepit

•Climb down a ladder to the south end

•Walls are made of stone fragments bound with

•mud plaster.

•Roof is made of many layers

•Most pueblos had more than 1 floor

•Depends on what you do

•Wore little clothing

•Dressed in flowers, paint, feather headdresses

•Used clothing to signify their fighting talent

•When marrying women wore dresses, men wore several bead necklaces

•They had specific jobs

•Women did housework, cooked, and wove baskets

•Men planted, harvested, wove clothing, and performed ceremonies

•Women owned all land and the house

•Men owned livestock and fruit trees

•Art is a way to communicate dreams, visions, and beliefs

•Pottery, clothing, and baskets just a portion

•Used symbols and signs that told stories

•Pottery was used for everyday use, cooking, storage, bathing.

•Modern pottery is softer than theirs

•They fired the clay for a long time after having the clay buried in the moist sand.

•The Hopi are peaceful

•Hopituh Shi-nu-mu means “The Peaceful Little People”

•Their belief is to help others improve their lives

•Dancers dress like Kachinas

•Masks

•November: Wuwuchim, a 16 day ceremony on Creation.

•December: Soyal, Rebirth of New life

•February: Powamu, Purification, monster

•March through June: Plaza dances

•July: Niman, Home Dance, 16 day Ceremony

•August: The Snake Dance or Flute Dance

•September: Lakon, basket dance, harvesting

•October: Owaqlt, end of yearly cycle

•Snake dance requires 2 weeks of preparation

•The Children watch over the snakes

•Mostly rattlesnakes

•Dancers take emetic, a sedative herb or hallucinogenic

•The Flute Dance is a 9 day celebration

•Flute Society walks over sacred cornmeal

• Taiowa, the creator god, made Souknang and oredered him to make the universe. The 1st world was Topela, land, water and air also with Koyangwuti, spider woman.

• Spider woman made twins

•The twins made rivers, oceans, and mountains

•Organisms, men did not obey

•Their ancestors Anasazi

•Arrived to their area circa 5,000-10,000 yrs. Ago

• Came from all over

•1050 the Hopi we know today

•The oldest continued tribe

•Related to Aztecs

•Turkeys

•Dogs

•Corn

•Medicine Man was talented

•Herbs

•Homemade Remedies

•Bone Doctor

•Greatest Medicine People in South

•Ear Candles

http://www.thehopiway.com/content/messages/techqua/issue_30.html

•Artifacts: Turkey bones, baskets, pottery

•Made pottery the same way

•Irrigation

•Burned Coal

•Bows and Arrows

•Sticks

http://www.motthall.org/intro/cur/munoz/nav_amer/7/Hopi's.html

•Part of the Uto-Aztecan Family

•Dialect is Shoshone

•Distant to Rio Grande Tribes

•Kiowa-Apache share

•Diverse

•Surrounded by alien tongues

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi

http://www.motthall.org/intro/cur/munoz/nav_amer/7/Hopi's.html

http://www.thehopiway.com/content/messages/techqua/issue_30.htmlhttp://www.ausbcomp.com/redman/hopi.htm

http://www.crystalinks.com/hopi.htm

Americans Before Columbus by Elizabeth Chesley Baity