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Shareholder Activism Overview Rob Main, CFA Vanguard Investment Stewardship/Head of Portfolio Company Engagement, Analysis, and Voting Sabastian V. Niles Partner, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz Cristiano Guerra Head of ISS’s Special Situations Research team Steve Frankel Partner, Joele Frank Waheed Hassan, CFA Head of Activism Defense Practice, Alliance Advisors, LLC

Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

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Page 1: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Shareholder Activism Overview

Rob Main, CFAVanguard Investment Stewardship/Head of Portfolio Company Engagement, Analysis, and Voting

Sabastian V. NilesPartner, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz 

Cristiano GuerraHead of ISS’s Special Situations Research team

Steve FrankelPartner, Joele Frank

Waheed Hassan, CFAHead of Activism Defense Practice, Alliance Advisors, LLC

Page 2: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class

116

140

164

148144

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017

(US$

 billion)

Source: Activist Insight, as of Sep. 5, 2017.*Includes activist investors in North America only.

Assets Under Management by Activist Investors* (USD Billion)

2

Page 3: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Activist Campaigns – Voting Trends

Total Proxy Fights(Voted On + Withdrawn + Settled)

Most activist campaigns DO NOT go to a shareholder vote

Source: FactSet SharkRepellent, as of June 30, 2017.*Based upon scheduled meeting date.

37 3852 51

3725 28 30 32 31 38

19

42 42

47 41

4244

2736

47 4550

21

2129

27 41

2124

22

2413

2821

13

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 1H2017

# Figh

ts

Year*

Voted‐on Settled Withdrawn

3

Page 4: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

57

49 51 54 5559

5260

73

5855 57

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 1H2017

Success R

ate (%

)

Year*

Activist Win‐Rate (all campaigns)

Dissident Success Rate for All Proxy Fights

Source: FactSet SharkRepellent, as of June 30, 2017.*Based upon scheduled meeting date.Success rate is defined as  the number of outright victories, partial victories or settlements by the dissident as a percentage of all proxy fights where an outcome has been reached.

Access to expertise and support of long‐only funds has resulted in high win‐rate

4

Page 5: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

2227

35

20 2414 15 12 12 16

28

10

109

15

22 12

8 9 17 18 14

9

8

52

29

1

34

1 2 1

1

1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 1H2017

# Figh

ts

Management won Dissident won Split

Year*

Activist Campaigns – The Winner is …

Management vs. Dissident Track Record in Proxy Fights That Went To Shareholder Vote

Source: FactSet SharkRepellent, as of June 30, 2017.*Based upon scheduled meeting date.

Management’s win‐rate has improved

5

Page 6: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Activists Tend to Seek Minority Representation

Primary Proxy Contest Campaign Type*Board Control (Majority) vs. Board Representation (Minority)

Source: FactSet SharkRepellent. Data based upon meeting date between Jan. 1, 2014 and Jun. 30, 2017. *Campaign type includes board control and representation.

6

Page 7: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Proxy Contest by Market Cap. (Board Control/ Representation)

Activists Focus on Small/Mid‐Cap Companies

Source: FactSet SharkRepellent. Data based upon meeting date between Jan. 1, 2014 and Jun. 30, 2017. Campaign type includes board control and representation.Excludes companies for which market capitalization is unavailable at time of campaign announcement.

<$500M66%

$0.5‐1B12%

$1‐5B15%

$5‐10B3%

>$10B4%

7

Page 8: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

22 2330

14

29 27

29

11

1125

14

10

3

3 5

2

13

7 7

5

73 4

2

2014 2015 2016 1H2017

Construction, Mining

Wholesale Trade, Retail Trade

Transportation, Communications,Electric, Gas, And Sanitary Services

Services

Finance, Insurance, And Real Estate

Manufacturing

Total # of Campaigns                                       85                        88                        89             44

Manufacturing & Finance Industries are Primary Focus of Activist Campaigns

Source: FactSet SharkRepellent. Data based upon meeting date between Jan. 1, 2014 and Jun. 30, 2017. Campaign type includes board control and representation.

8

Page 9: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Institutional Investors Support Activists

Percentage of time any fund family voted on the opposition card

Source: Proxy Insight, ISS Voting Analytics.• Data based on N‐PX filings: 2016 (period covered: 7/1/2015–6/30/2016), 2017 (period covered: 7/1/2016–6/30/2017).• Proxy contests for US companies only.

33% 33%

47%

25% 27%22%

27%

7%

47%

0%

63%

33%

24%29%

43%

33%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Dimensional FundAdvisors

T. Rowe RiceAssociations, Inc.

FidelityManagement and

Research

Invesco Advisors Blackrock Advisors Northern Trust Vanguard Group SSgA

2016 2017

9

Page 10: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

16 1814

11

12

2024

8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2014 2015 2016 1H2017

# Mee

tings

For Management

For Activist

(57%)(47%)

(37%)(58%)

ISS appears to be more supportive of activist

Source: ISS Governance Voting Analytics.• Data based upon meeting date between Jan. 1, 2014 and Jun. 30, 2017. • Proxy contests for all indices in USA.• Includes Elect Directors (Opposition Slate) and Remove Existing Directors only.

Proxy Fights where ISS issued recommendation

10

Page 11: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Key Activist Agendas

Force sale or break‐up of the company Oppose announced M&A or demand a better offer Potentially form groups with strategic acquirer  E.g. Valeant/Allergan situation

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Maximize shareholder value via share buyback and special dividends

Target cash on corporate balance sheet E.g. Carl Icahn vs. Apple 

Seek operational improvements, elimination of business lines and products, geographic expansions etc.

Requires extensive industry experience and expertise Focus is on underperformance of segments and/or poor capital 

allocation strategy.   E.g. Starboard vs. Darden and Carl Icahn vs. EBay.

Pursue improvements in governance profiles/polices (separation of Chairman/CEO roles, board declassification, management compensation, etc.)

E.g. David E. Stern/ Air T. and Marathon Partners vs. Shutterfly

M&A

BALANCE SHEET

OPERATIONAL

GOVERNANCE

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Page 12: Shareholder Activism Overview€¦ · Activist Investing Is a New Asset Class 116 140 164 148 144 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2013 2014 2015 2016 YTD 2017 (US$ billion) Source: Activist

Components of Activist Risk Assessment

Valuation

Total Shareholder Return (TSR)

Valuation multiple premium/ discount

Change in Analyst Estimates

Earnings Surprise

Operational Issues

Revenue Growth

Operating Margin

ROIC

Relative Segment Performance

Balance Sheet/Capital Allocation

Leverage

Level of cash vs. Enterprise Value

Acquisition and R&D spending

Share buyback/dividend

Corporate Governance

Governance profile

Executive compensation

Prior Proxy Advisory firm

recommendation

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