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INDUSTRIAL ROBOTIC ARM

Submitted By: Under the Guidance of:

Shailendra kumar(10807284) Name: Mr. Manu prakrm

Navrajdeep singh(10802216) Department: E.C.E

Gagandeep singh(10807497)

College Roll No.:RE1801B32,A11,A21

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CONTENTS

Introduction to Robotics & Sensors-

Accelerometer.

Aim of the Project & its description. Blocks diagram & planning of the project.

Tools/ Softwares /Components required.

Applications & Advantages. Future work.

What Enhancement in Capstone Project 2.

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INTRODUCTION TO ROBOTICS

Robotics is the engineering science andtechnology of robots, and their design,manufacture, and application.

Robotics is related to electronics, mechanics, andsoftware.

The guiding force behind the robot will be anEmbedded System.

At the core of every Embedded System there iseither a microprocessor or a microcontroller orany other programmable intelligent unit.

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GENERAL WORKING

The Aim of this project is to show how a Robot canbe automated with the help of Microcontroller

interfaced with Accelerometer .

In this project we are having gear motors that are

controlled with the help of accelerometer.

Accelerometer specified for different functions forup, down, left(rotation) and right(rotation) moment

of the robot.

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BLOCKDIAGRAM

POWERSUPPLY

LCD

IRRECEIVER

IRTRASNSMITTER

ROBOT

ADC

ACCELEROMETER

LCD

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PLANNIG OF THE PROJECT1. Layout Design.

2. Power supply circuit.

3. Implement motors on mechanical part.4. Implement accelerometer, Driver circuit.

5. Wired connected controller.

6. Programming of microcontrollers.

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TOOLS/SOFTWARES /COMPONENTS

REQUIRED KEIL Vision2 Software for programming of

Microcontroller.

I.C Programmer and Software for the burning

of the Microcontroller.

Accelerometer

Components for designing of the embedded

part. Soldering kit.

Measuring Instruments (Multi-meter), etc

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INTRODUCTION TO SENSORS -

ACCELEROMETER

An Accelerometer is a device that measures proper accelration, the

acceleration experienced relative to freefall.

Inside an accelerator MEMS device are tiny micro-structures that

bend due to momentum and gravity.

When it experiences any form of acceleration, these tiny structures

bend by an equivalent amount which can be electrically detected.

When we tilt or move the accelero-meter in left direction than the

motor will rotate to the left side. Again when you are tilt your

accelero-meter in right direction then the motor will be rotate to rightside. Similarly, when we are move the accelero-meter to up direction

then with the help of ROBOT will move forward direction. And

similarly to the down direction robot will move backward.

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MICROCONTROLLER

(8051)

This microcontroller had 128 bytesof RAM, 4K bytes of on-chip

ROM, two timers, one serial port,

and four ports (8-bit) all on a single

chip. The 8051 is an 8-bit

processor, meaning the CPU canwork on only 8- bit pieces to be

processed by the CPU. The 8051

has a total of four I/O ports, each 8-

bit wide. Although 8051 can have a

maximum of 64K bytes of on-chip

ROM, many manufacturers put

only 4K bytes on the chip.

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LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)

The main feature of LCD isthat to show the commands

which are being executed by the

robot given by microcontroller.

In this project, two LCDs are

used at the transmitter end andreceiver end of the project.

LCDs mainly show the

following commands:

1. Left(rotation)

2. Right(rotation)

3. Up

4. Down

5. Still

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ADC(0809)

ADC is used to convert analog signal receivedfrom accelerometer into digital signal and then

send it to microcontroller.

The input of accelerometer in the terms of angles

measured in x,y and z co-ordinates and the adc

convert it into the digital format.

The microcontroller uses this information to

perform different tasks with robot.

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MOTOR DRIVER(L293D)

L293D is a dual H-bridge motor

driver integrated circuit (IC). Motor

drivers act as current amplifiers since

they take a low-current control signal

and provide a higher-current signal.

This higher current signal is used to

drive the motors.

The motor operations of two motors

can be controlled by input logic at pins

2 & 7 and 10 & 15. Input logic 00 or

11 will stop the corresponding motor.

Logic 01 and 10 will rotate it in

clockwise and anticlockwise directions,

respectively.

http://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-circuits/h-bridge-motor-controlhttp://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-circuits/h-bridge-motor-controlhttp://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-circuits/h-bridge-motor-controlhttp://www.engineersgarage.com/electronic-circuits/h-bridge-motor-control

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GEAR MOTOR

This project is consisting of gear

motors that are working on AC220V. As we know our

microcontroller is a dc controlled

device means working on +5v

Dc, so to provide insulation to theMCU and also to drive motors we

are using switching circuit.and we

use three dc motor to control our

robot.

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IR TRANSMITTER

& RECEIVER

An infraredemitter(Transmitter) is an LED

made from gallium arsenide,

which emits near-infrared

energy at about 880nm.

The infrared

phototransistor(receiver) acts as

a transistor with the base

voltage determined by the

amount of light hitting the

transistor.

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FUTURE ENHANCEMENTSWe can include more features in the project, for example

we can include cameras for automatic movement and wide

area coverage. We can also use bigger transmitter with

higher frequency range(RF) for controling the Robot upto

larger distances. With help cameras and other electronic

equipment such as GPS, we can use it for surviellencepurposes and security purposes.

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APPLICATIONS

We can drive crane very accurately with the help ofaccelerometer controller.

It is used for pick and place service.

Can be used to support future trends in automation technology.

Can be used at almost all government and non-government

organizations.

Can be used to automate devices at schools, colleges, etc.

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Future work

Self balancing robots.

Tilt-mode game controllers.

Model airplane auto pilot.

Alarm systems. Collision detection.

Human motion monitoring.

Levelling sensor, inclinometer. Vibration Detectors for Vibration Isolators.

G-Force Detectors.

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CONCLUSION

This project made is accessible in many waysas it can very accurately control the motors.

And solves many requirements in todays

market scenario. Robot control usingaccelerometer a wider future aspects. Most of

challenges faced so far while project making

are overcome and the work in progresscontinuous.

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REFRENCES

1. From Pedro Neto, J. Norberto Pires, IEEE

paper which was published on Sept. 27,

2009.

2. http://www.8051projects.info/proj.asp?ID=35

3. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded

Systems By Muhammad Ali Mazidi

http://www.8051projects.info/proj.asp?ID=35http://www.8051projects.info/proj.asp?ID=35