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SHaC 09: Competing logics of sustainable
architecture in a NZ competition
Dr Allanah Ryan
School of People, Environment & Planning
How green is this house?
Sustainability criteriaTechnological criteria e.g.• Energy efficiency – savings in energy use and embodied in
building materials• Thermal performance• Water efficiency• Waste minimization during construction• Building products provenance (what and how produced,
life-cycle assessment)• Indoor environmental quality
Social criteria e.g.• Sustainability of neighbourhood & transport
Metrics of sustainable buildings
• Technical criteria suggest that sustainability can be
measured in largely quantitative terms e.g. HERS rating,
Green Stars etc
• „Environmental realism is founded on the notion that
“rational science can and will provide the understanding of
the environment and the assessment of those measures
which are necessary to rectify environmental bads”.
Further, implicit in this model of consensus is a “process of
standardisation” which means that “particular local
conditions” and competing “forms of local knowledge”
tend to be ignored‟ (Guy & Farmer 2001:140).
The pluralism of sustainable architecture
Individuals, groups, and
institutions embody widely
differing perceptions of
what environmental
innovation is about. Each
of these actors may share
a commitment to
sustainable design, but are
likely to differ greatly in
their interpretation of the
causes of, and hence the
solution to, unsustainability
(Guy & Farmer 2001: 14).
SHaC & logics of sustainable architecture
Successful green
buildings rely as much on
the social location and
framing of sustainability
as they do on technical
considerations
Logics of sustainable building include ...
• Image of space: e.g. global context or fragile or alienating or regional or polluted etc
• Source of environmental knowledge: techno-rational or sensual postmodernism or social ecology etc
• Building image: new age or authentic or harmonious or polluter parasitic or democratic home etc
• Technologies: integrated or energy efficient or intelligent or autonomous or passive or participatory appropriate etc
• Idealised concept of place: organic or global/urban or compact & dense or natural etc
Logics of sustainable architecture
• Eco-technic – global place
• Eco-centric – place of nature
• Eco-aesthetic – new age place
• Eco-cultural – authentic place
• Eco-medical – healthy place
• Eco-social – community place
Typologies of sustainable architecture
in SHaC09
• Eco-technical – Conventional, affordable, anywhere (4
teams)
• Eco-socio/cultural in Aotearoa – authentic & community-
based (3 teams)
• Healthy, social housing (1 team)
• Regenerative aspirations: imagining a new type of urban
place (1 team)
Typology I: Eco-technical
Conventional, affordable, anywhere
Team Canterbury Team WaikatoEco-Crib Team Dunedin
„Sustainable living without the composting toilet‟
„This stylish home is “normal” as possible while containing a wide
variety of accessible and sustainable products and services‟.
• efficiency of energy & water use
• affordability
• conventional passive solar design and „look‟
• relocatable – „can go anywhere‟
Typology II:
Eco-socio/cultural in Aotearoa
Whareuku Team Central Otago Te Hira Whanau Bach 101
„Sustainability has always been inherent in the typology of the classic Kiwi bach.
You design and build it yourself, you reuse found and local materials, and you and
your family progressively build a real connection to the place. You also become a
kaitiaki or guardian for a piece of our precious coastline‟
• participatory – residents & wider community
• culture - e.g. kaitiakitanga & appropriate house design
• place – central to design of houses
history
culture
bio-physical
Typology III: Healthy, social housing
Team Housewise is interested in how Housing New Zealand can develop a
renovation package for a 1950s state house with useable technologies that
facilitate more environmentally and socially sustainable performance in-use
(„hardware‟) as well as facilitate a learning process with residents („software‟) to
support more sustainable living.
• health – IEQ
• affordability – inspire HNZC to extend retrofits to other properties
• participatory – engage resident family in design process
- learning process for tenants
Typology IV: Regenerative aspirations
The Plant Room The Plant Room applied to a Wellington apartment building
• cradle-to-cradle philosophy• improving IEQ of apartment• new urban place – post-oil crash society, living more compactly
We are interested in exploring a particular logic of “green architecture” that goes
beyond some current ideas of sustainable design. Our aim is to create a
“regenerative” habitat where people will be delighted, community will be developed
and sustainable living will literally “grow”.
‘Anywhere’ or ‘here’?
The role of place in sustainable building
• Does „anywhere‟ mean „nowhere‟?
• Place – „here‟, draws on meaning, culture, history, bio-physical environment
• People in place
Sustainable architecture as a matter of concern rather than a matter of fact
• e.g. Bach 101 – HERS rating = 2
not viewed as problematic by the team because:
(a) occupation of the bach mostly in the summer,
(b) broader reference to the „Rangitoto bach typology‟, where the bach„encourages connecting with the outdoor environment (as opposed to a modern cocoon)‟.
Sustainability is about “the unique Rangitoto bach typology and whanau connection to the bach and its wider environs.”
Sustainable architecture as
a matter of concern
Rather than pursuing more performance targets
(a measurable quantum of „greenness‟)
we should be expanding the space for dialogue
about the appropriate relationship between
technology, nature and society, in the places we
live