Sexual plant propagation

Propagation of plants from seeds Composition of seeds Seed coat- outside covering

which protects embryonic plant endosperm- stored plants food,

and nourishes embryonic plant during germination

Propagation of plants from seeds embryo (embryonic plant)- a

new plant that is developed as a result of fertilization, and during germination it extends its roots and seed leaves (cotyledons) to form a new plant.

Propagation of plants from seeds Germination media favorable pH supply of plant nutrients firm and porous sterile and free from foreign

materials

Indirect seeding Seeds sown in a separate place

from where they will eventually grow to maturity

Transplanted one or more times before reaching permanent growing area

Flats made of: wood, plastic, and metal have drainage holes in bottom seeds generally sown in rows. * we will use flats with individual

pots

When to seed important in business to have

saleable product ready at market time

Sowing seeds follow package directions to

determine planting distance cover with sprinkling of moist

sphagnum or peat moss label:name, variety, and date

sown

Watering water from bottom if watering from top be careful

to avoid washing seed out or too deeply into soil

Germination 65-70 degrees soil temperature retain humidity cover with glass or plastic

Germination some seeds require three days

of darkness prior to germination cover with newspaper instead

of glass

Germination water with a fine mist or from

the bottom

Transplanting seedlings following germination plants

develop seed leaves - cotyledons

allow plant to grow until first true leaves are present before transplanting

Transplanting seedlings hold seedlings by true leaves

not by the stem with thumb and forefinger

bruised stem could cause plant death

Transplanting seedlings don’t shake off media from

roots can cause them to dry out too

much

Transplanting seedlings plant about 2 inched apart insert at depth a little deeper than

they were grown before gently press media around roots water with gentle stream to settle

soil around roots

Direct seeding planting seeds directly into the

permanent growing area most economical media-soil prepare by loosening soil and

removing all large clumps

Direct seeding add manure, grass clippings, or

compost to improve soil structure chemical treatment disease prevention insect prevention

Direct seeding Germination Requirement same as indirect seeding.

Treatments of seed for Germination Same seed won’t readily

germinate soak in water or acid bath to

soften seed coat scratch with sand paper allows water into seed

Treatments of seed for Germination dormant stage moist and cold below 37 F bury in moist sand and keep

cool refrigerate

Treatments of seed for Germination Alternate wetting and drying Presence of light Darkness Follow package instructions Fire or extreme heat- Jack Pine