Service Manual Busesnayanumber.com/exes/Manju/volvofaultcode.pdf · Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) General General Multiplexed electrical system Volvo Bus has introduced

Service ManualBuses

Group 28Release 01

MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU)Multiplex electrical system Version 2

20 036171

ForewordDescriptions and instructions in this handbook are based on design andmethod studies up to and including June 2005.

The products are under continual development. Values and repairmethods may therefore differ on vehicles and components manufacturedafter this date.

This service information uses the following observation and warning levels:

Note! indicates a situation, use or circumstance that shouldbe emphasised.

Important! indicates a situation, use or circumstance that isimportant to be aware of in order to avoid personal injuryor damage to the product.

Caution! indicates a potentially dangerous situation that unless it isavoided may lead to minor or moderate personal injury ordamage to the product.

Warning! indicates a potentially dangerous situation that unless it isavoided may lead to lethal injury, serious personal injuryor damage to the product.

Danger! indicates an apparent dangerous situation that unless it isavoided may lead to lethal injury or severe personal injury.

Order number: 20 036171

© 2005 Volvo Bus Corporation, Göteborg, Sweden

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored inretrieval system, or transmitted in any forms by any means, electronic,mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior writtenpermission of Volvo Bus Corporation.

ENG17759

ContentsGeneral .................................................................................................... 3

Multiplexed electrical system ................................................................. 3

Specifications ......................................................................................... 4Engine ECU, signal descriptions ........................................................... 4

Tools ........................................................................................................ 8Special tools .......................................................................................... 8

Design and Function ............................................................................. 9

Malfunction ........................................................................................... 13MID 128 Engine control unit, fault codes ............................................. 13Fault code troubleshooting ................................................................... 16MID 128 PID 21 Sensor temperature , control unit .............................. 19MID 128 PID 26 Fan speed percent .................................................... 20MID 128 PID 45 Preheater status ........................................................ 22MID 128 PID 49 ABS control status ..................................................... 23MID 128 PID 50 Default message on SAE J1708 ............................... 24MID 128 PID 84 Road speed ............................................................... 25MID 128 PID 85 Cruise control status ................................................. 26MID 128 PID 91 Accelerator pedal position ......................................... 28MID 128 PID 94 Fuel delivery pressure ............................................... 30MID 128 PID 97 Water in fuel indicator ................................................ 32MID 128 PID 98 Engine oil level .......................................................... 34MID 128 PID 100 Engine oil pressure ................................................. 36MID 128 PID 102 Boost pressure ........................................................ 38MID 128 PID 105 Boost air temperature .............................................. 40MID 128 PID 106 Boost pressure ........................................................ 42MID 128 PID 107 Air filter differential pressure ................................... 44MID 128 PID 108 Atmospheric pressure ............................................. 46MID 128 PID 110 Engine coolant temperature .................................... 47MID 128 PID 111 Coolant level ............................................................ 49MID 128 PID 153 Crankcase pressure ................................................ 51MID 128 PID 158 Battery voltage ........................................................ 53MID 128 PID 171 Ambient temperature ............................................... 54MID 128 PID 172 Air inlet temperature ................................................ 55MID 128 PID 174 Fuel temperature ..................................................... 57MID 128 PID 175 Engine oil temperature ............................................ 59MID 128 PID 224 Electronic immobilizer ............................................. 61MID 128 PID 228 Road speed sensor calibration ................................ 62MID 128 PID 245 Total vehicle distance .............................................. 63MID 128 PID 251 Default message on SAE J1708 ............................. 64MID 128 PID 252 Default message on SAE J1708 ............................. 65MID 128 PPID 86 Engine brake torque percent .................................. 66MID 128 PPID 122 VCB Engine compression brake ........................... 67MID 128 PPID 123 EPG 2 ................................................................... 68MID 128 PPID 124 Exhaust pressure governor ................................... 70MID 128 PPID 125 EOL ....................................................................... 72MID 128 SID 1/2/3/4/5/6 Injector ......................................................... 73MID 128 SID 17 Fuel shutoff valve ...................................................... 76MID 128 SID 18 Drain valve, water separator ...................................... 78MID 128 SID 20 Timing sleeve ............................................................ 80MID 128 SID 21 Engine position timing sensor ................................... 81MID 128 SID 22 Engine speed sensor ................................................ 83MID 128 SID 23 Rack actuator ............................................................ 85MID 128 SID 24 Rack position sensor ................................................. 87MID 128 SID 33 Fan control ................................................................ 88MID 128 SID 64 Redundant engine speed sensor .............................. 89

1

MID 128 SID 70 Preheater element 1 .................................................. 90MID 128 SID 71 Preheater element 2 .................................................. 91MID 128 SID 78 Fuel priming pump .................................................... 92MID 128 SID 85 Piston cooling valve ................................................... 94MID 128 SID 230 Idle validation switch 1 ............................................ 95MID 128 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control link ........................................... 96MID 128 SID 232 5 Volt DC supply ...................................................... 98MID 128 SID 240 Program memory .................................................... 99MID 128 SID 250 J1587/1708 Information link .................................. 100MID 128 SID 253 Data set memory EEPROM .................................. 101MID 128 SID 254 Engine electronic control unit (EECU) ................... 102MID 128 PSID 161 VIN ...................................................................... 103MID 128 PSID 162 VIN ...................................................................... 104MID 128 PSID 201 SAE J1939 Data link interruption ........................ 105MID 128 PPID 273 UREA-pressure ................................................... 107MID 128 PPID 274 Temperature sensor UREA-tank ......................... 107MID 128 PPID 275 Temperature sensor, pump unit .......................... 107MID 128 PPID 277 Air pressure sensor 1 .......................................... 107MID 128 PPID 278 Level sensor UREA tank ..................................... 107MID 128 PPID 385 Battery voltage .................................................... 108MID 128 PPID 387 Temperature sensor after catalyst ...................... 108MID 128 PSID 73 Dosage valve, drive stage ..................................... 108MID 128 PSID 74 Regulation valve, drive stage ................................ 108MID 128 PSID 76 Return valve, drive stage ...................................... 108MID 128 PSID 77 Calibration memory EEPROM .............................. 109MID 128 PSID 79 UREA-flow ............................................................ 109MID 128 PSID 80 Return valve .......................................................... 109MID 128 PSID 81 Emergency shut-down .......................................... 109MID 128 PSID 83 Air pressure sensor 2 ............................................ 109MID 128 PSID 85 Main relay ............................................................. 110MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage, ignition ..................................................... 110MID 128 PSID 87 Speed, pump motor .............................................. 110MID 128 PSID 88 Pump unit, heating ................................................ 110MID 128 PSID 89 Dosage valve ........................................................ 110MID 128 PSID 93 Estimation, dosage ............................................... 111MID 128 PSID 94 Pump unit, heating ................................................ 111MID 128 PSID 229 SAE J1939 Data link interruption, UDS .............. 111

Feedback

2

Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) General

General

Multiplexed electrical systemVolvo Bus has introduced an integrated multiplexedelectrical system consisting of control units that define thesubsystems and functions in the bus.

The multiplexed electrical system has four data links: TheA-bus handles the driveline functions, the B-bus the bodyfunctions and the C-bus the chassis functions with theD-bus forming a link between the C-bus and the B-bus.

The control units on the A-bus communicate over a fastcontrol link J1939 and a slower information link J1708.Control signals are sent on the fast link, while informationand diagnosis signals are sent on the slow link.

T3016118

Multiplexed electrical system

3

Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Specifications

Specifications

Engine ECU, signal descriptionsMarking 1 Engine variant

2 Engine designation

3 Unit injectors1 = Lucas2 = Bosch

4 Engine brakeEPG = exhaust brakeVEB = compression brakeand exhaust brake T2018779

B x D x H 225 x 256 x 60 mm

Weight 2,900 g

Operating temperature -40 C to +85 C

Storage temperature -40 C to +85 C

Supply voltage 24 V

Data links 1 control link SAE link J1939:250 kbit/s1 information link SAE linkJ1587/J1708: 9.6 kbit/s

Inputs 37

Outputs 28

4


Pin description, connector APin Signal type Function Engine type Fault code

A1 Analogue input Oil temperature All engines PID 175

A2 Analogue input Charge air temperature All engines PID 105

A3 Analogue input Charge air pressure: All engines PID 102

A4 Output Power supply, 5V All engines PID 232

A5 Input Ground connection All engines PID 232

Engine speed, camshaft position sensor D12C, DH12C,DH12D

SID 21A7 Analogue input

Engine speed, injection pump D7C SID 21,SID 64

A8 Digital output Actuator control rod + D7C SID 23

A9 Digital output Actuator injection angle + D7C SID 20

A10 Digital output Actuator injection angle - D7C SID 23

A11 Output Unit injector cylinder 1 D12C, DH12C SID 1

A12 Output Unit injectors cylinders 1, 2, 3 D12C, DH12C,DH12D

SID 1-3

A13 Analogue input Fuel temperature D12C, DH12C,DH12D

PID 174

A14 Analogue input Oil pressure D7C, D12C,DH12C, DH12D

PID 100

A15 Analogue input Needle lift sensor + D7C SID 21

A16 Analogue input Control rod position D7C SID 24

A17 Input Control rod position, ground connection D7C SID 24

Engine speed, camshaft position sensor D12C, DH12C,DH12D

SID 21A18 Analogue input

Engine speed, injection pump D7C SID 21,SID 64

A19 Digital output Electric fuel pump - DH12D SID 78

A21 Digital output Actuator injection angle - D7C SID 20

A22 Output Unit injector cylinder 2 D12C, DH12C,DH12D

SID 2


SID 3

A24 Output Unit injector ground connection, cylinders 4, 5, 6 D12C, DH12C,DH12D

SID 4-6

A25 Analogue input Coolant temperature All engines PID 110

A27 Analogue input Fuel pressure D12C, DH12C,DH12D, D7C

PID 94,PID 135

A28 Analogue input Needle lift sensor - D7C SID 21

A29 Analogue input Control rod position reference D7C SID 24

A30 Analogue input Engine speed, flywheel - All engines SID 22

A31 Analogue input Engine speed, flywheel + All engines SID 22

A33 Digital output VCB compression brake D12C, DH12C,DH12D

PPID 122


SID 4

5


Pin Signal type Function Engine type Fault code


SID 5


SID 6

6


Pin description, connector BPin Signal type Function Engine type Fault code

B1 Data J1939 control link CANH All engines SID 231

B2 Data J1939 control link CANL All engines SID 231

B3 Analogue input Ambient temperature All engines SID 172

B4 Input Buffered idle switch All engines SID 230

B5 Digital input Pre-heating 1, heater diagnostics D12C, DH12C,DH12D, D7C

SID 70

B6 Digital input Water in fuel, sensor DH12D PID 97

B7 Analogue input Warning low coolant level All engines PID 111

B8 Power supply Signal ground to sensor All engines

B9 Power supply Ground connection All engines

B10 Power supply Ground connection All engines

B11 Power supply Power supply, +30 All engines PID 158

B12 Power supply Power supply, +30 All engines PID 158

B13 Input Signal ground to sensor All engines

B14 Output Power supply 5V, crankcase ventilation pressuresensor

DH12D PID 153

B15 Analogue input Oil level DH12D PID 98

B16 Not used Not used

B17 Analogue input Air filter indicator All engines PID 107



B21 Digital output Solenoid valve, hydraulic pump DH12C, DH12D,GH10C

SID 33

B22 Power supply Oil level sensor, power supply DH12D PID 98


EOL (End Of Line) programming activation D12C, DH12C,D7C

PPID 125B24 Analogue input

Crankcase ventilation pressure DH12D PID 153

B25 Data Data link J1708A All engines SID 250

B26 Data Data link J1708B All engines SID 250




B31 Digital output Pre-heating relay D12C, DH12C,DH12D, D7C

PID 45

Engine shut-off valve D7C SID 17B34 Digital output

Piston cooling valve DH12D SID 85

EPG 1 D7C, D12C,DH12C

PPID 124B35 Digital output

EPG (PWM) DH12D

B36 Digital output EPG 2 PPID 123

7

Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Tools

Tools

Special toolsFor information on ordering special tools, please refer to the special tools information,group 08.

2 x 9998699Breakout box 62-pole

9812519Multimeter

9998534Adapter cable

9998567Adapter cable

T3015505

2 x 9998505Adapter cable

9990008Box with measurement pins

8

Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Design and Function

Design and FunctionDesignThe connector pins on the engine control unit (EECU)have different electrical properties. The abbreviationsused for the different signal types are described below.

HDI High Digital Input

LDI Low Digital Input

GDI General Digital Input (HDI/LDI,selectable)

HDO High Digital Output

LDO Low Digital Output

HTDI High Digital Input True

LTDI Low Digital Input True

HLDI High Low Digital Input

AI Analogue Input

AO Analogue Output

RES Resistance

The signal types HDI, LDI, HDO and LDO have differentlogics and structure in the control unit. The signalshave therefore different properties; see table. Notethat the limits for the different signal characteristics areprogrammable and can therefore differ slightly betweenthe different pins. Signal types AO, AI and PWM havefully individual programmable properties and will thereforenot be covered in more detail here.

Limits, % of U bat HDI LDI HDO LDO HTDI LTDI HLDI

U > 75% True Error True False True False 1

25% < U < 75% False False Error Error Error Error Error

U < 25% Error True False True False True 2

1 True or False, the logic is programmable.2 False or True, the logic is programmable.

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List of parametersVDA ID Title Description Value Unit

AIS Injector cylinder 1, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,the number is on the injector.

AIT Injector cylinder 2, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,the number is on the injector.

AIU Injector cylinder 3, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,the number is on the injector.

AIV Injector cylinder 4, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,the number is on the injector.

AIW Injector cylinder 5, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,the number is on the injector.

AIX Injector cylinder 6, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,the number is on the injector.

AIZ Fuel consumption, calibrationpercent

�10 – 10

AJ Differentiated speed limiter Activation of various speed limitswhen driving in highest or nexthighest gear. Parameters DV, 9Gand 9H must also be programmedif this function is activated.

30 – 100 km/h

AU Max engine speed, stationary Maximum engine speed whenvehicle is stationary

600 – 2600 rpm

DL Radiator fan, min. time on The shortest time the radiator fancan be switched on.

0 – 300 s

DM Radiator fan, min. time off The shortest time the radiator fancan be switched off.

0 – 300 s

DN Fleet ID �10 – 10

DP Speed limitation Maximum speed limitation.Value cannot be set higher thanparameter 9D.

30 – 100 km/h

DV Speed limit in next highest gear Determines the speed limitwhen the next highest gear isengaged. Value must be lowerthan parameter DP.

30 – 135 km/h

9D Speed limit, EU legislation Maximum vehicle speed.Maximum speed is governedby legal requirements in somecountries.

100 – 140 km/h

9G Gearbox, gear ratio in highestgear

Gear ratio in top gear. The gearratio can be found in the vehiclespecification. Gear ratio mustbe specified so that the controlunit can calculate which gear isengaged.

30 – 125 %

9H Gearbox, gear ratio in next highestgear

The gear ratio in the next highestgear.

100 – 150 %

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FunctionThe following functions are handled by the engine controlunit (EECU).

Cold startThe driver should select engine pre-heating when thecoolant temperature is below 10 C. Pre-heating isselected either by turning the ignition key to the positionbetween 2 and 3 or by turning the power supply switch toC. This sends a signal to pin A7 in the vehicle control unit(VECU) requesting engine pre-heating. The signal is senton to the engine control unit (EECU) via the control linkSAE J1939 The engine control unit then sends a signal viapin B31 to trigger the starting heater relay. When the relaytriggers, a strong current is sent to the starting heaterelement and the starting heater indicator lamp comeson. The heating element remains active for a period oftime that is determined by the coolant temperature. Theengine control unit (EECU) receives the temperaturesignal from the coolant temperature sensor on pin A25.Once a suitable period of time for preheating has expired,the indicator lamp is extinguished to indicate to the driverthat the engine can now be started in the normal way.

Exhaust pressure governorThe buses are equipped with an exhaust pressuregovernor to ensure that the engine heats up rapidly andhas cleaner exhaust emissions. Once the conditions forexhaust limitation have been fulfilled, the two valves EPG1 and EPG 2 will close the exhaust pressure governor.The conditions for this function that must be fulfilled arethat the engine load is less than 200 Nm, engine speedbelow 900 rpm, coolant temperature below 75 C andparking brake released. The strongly controlled exhaustgives an engine pressure that is considered by the engineto be an extra load. To overcome this load, the quantity ofinjected fuel is temporarily increased, which increases theheat generated in the combustion chamber. This meansthe engine will reach normal operating temperature muchfaster, wear will be reduced and it will emit less whitesmoke and unburned hydrocarbons.

Low idlingFor this function, the cruise control switch is used toincrease the lower idling speed. To enable this to happen,the bus must be stationary with the accelerator pedalreleased and the engine idling, the coolant temperaturemust the above 45 C, the parking brake must be appliedand the gearbox must be in neutral.

Idling signal to bodyWhen the accelerator pedal is released and the engineis idling, a signal will be sent from one of the vehiclecontrol modules. Pressing down the pedal will send asignal from the engine control unit (EECU), via the vehiclecontrol unit (VECU), to the control module (CM), whichsends a signal to the body. This function can be usedby the bodybuilder, for example, to turn off the interiorlighting next to the driver when the bus pulls away from abus stop. On vehicles equipped with the Volvo Bus bodymultiplex, the signal is sent to the body via a data link.

Injection controlIn normal driving conditions, the engine control unit(EECU) will obtain the accelerator pedal position from asignal from the vehicle control unit (VECU) via the SAEJ1708 information link and the J1939 control link. Onengine types without unit injectors, the engine control unit(EECU) controls the fuel injection pump with this signal. Asensor for the injector needle provides the control unit withthe actual time of injection. The actual time of injectionis compared with the programmed injection timing, thealpha value. The alpha value is adjusted as necessary bythe program to obtain correct injection control. Injectioncontrol is essential so that load conditions and emissionregulations can be complied with.

Hydraulic oil pump for radiator fanSeveral Volvo Bus engines are cooled using anelectric-hydraulic radiator fan. Depending on thetemperature signal obtained from the coolant temperaturesensor and the fan speed signal obtained from the fanspeed sensor, the engine control unit sends a signal onpin B21 to regulate the hydraulic pump solenoid valve andthereby the speed of the fan motor.

Volvo compression brake (VCB)This function is available as an option for 12 litre engines.When extra engine braking is required, the compressionbrake solenoid valve will be activated by a signal fromengine control unit pin A33.

11


EECU, wiring diagramControl unit Model Wiring diagram, name

D7C CN

D9A CO

D12C CM

DH12C CM

EECU

DH12D CM

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Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Malfunction

Malfunction

MID 128 Engine control unit, fault codes• “Multiplexed electrical system” page 3• “Special tools” page 8• “List of parameters” page 10• “Function” page 11• “Pin description, connector A” page 5• “Pin description, connector B” page 7• “Engine ECU, signal descriptions” page 4• “Fault code troubleshooting” page 16

PID“MID 128 PID 21 Sensor temperature , control unit” page 19

“MID 128 PID 26 Fan speed percent” page 20

“MID 128 PID 45 Preheater status” page 22

“MID 128 PID 49 ABS control status” page 23

“MID 128 PID 50 Default message on SAE J1708” page 24

“MID 128 PID 84 Road speed” page 25

“MID 128 PID 85 Cruise control status” page 26

“MID 128 PID 91 Accelerator pedal position” page 28

“MID 128 PID 94 Fuel delivery pressure” page 30

“MID 128 PID 97 Water in fuel indicator” page 32

“MID 128 PID 98 Engine oil level” page 34

“MID 128 PID 100 Engine oil pressure” page 36

“MID 128 PID 102 Boost pressure” page 38

“MID 128 PID 105 Boost air temperature” page 40

“MID 128 PID 106 Boost pressure” page 42

“MID 128 PID 107 Air filter differential pressure” page 44

“MID 128 PID 108 Atmospheric pressure” page 46

“MID 128 PID 110 Engine coolant temperature” page 47

“MID 128 PID 111 Coolant level” page 49

“MID 128 PID 153 Crankcase pressure” page 51

“MID 128 PID 158 Battery voltage” page 53

“MID 128 PID 171 Ambient temperature” page 54

“MID 128 PID 172 Air inlet temperature” page 55

“MID 128 PID 174 Fuel temperature” page 57

“MID 128 PID 175 Engine oil temperature” page 59

“MID 128 PID 224 Electronic immobilizer” page 61

“MID 128 PID 228 Road speed sensor calibration” page 62

“MID 128 PID 245 Total vehicle distance” page 63



13


PPID“MID 128 PPID 122 VCB Engine compression brake” page 67

“MID 128 PPID 123 EPG 2” page 68

“MID 128 PPID 124 Exhaust pressure governor” page 70

“MID 128 PPID 125 EOL” page 72

“MID 128 PPID 273 UREA-pressure” page 107

“MID 128 PPID 274 Temperature sensor UREA-tank” page 107

“MID 128 PPID 275 Temperature sensor, pump unit” page 107

“MID 128 PPID 277 Air pressure sensor 1” page 107

“MID 128 PPID 278 Level sensor UREA tank” page 107

“MID 128 PPID 385 Battery voltage” page 108

“MID 128 PPID 387 Temperature sensor after catalyst” page 108

SID“MID 128 SID 1/2/3/4/5/6 Injector” page 73

“MID 128 SID 17 Fuel shutoff valve” page 76

“MID 128 SID 18 Drain valve, water separator” page 78

“MID 128 SID 20 Timing sleeve” page 80

“MID 128 SID 21 Engine position timing sensor” page 81

“MID 128 SID 22 Engine speed sensor” page 83

“MID 128 SID 23 Rack actuator” page 85

“MID 128 SID 24 Rack position sensor” page 87

“MID 128 SID 33 Fan control” page 88

“MID 128 SID 64 Redundant engine speed sensor” page 89

“MID 128 SID 70 Preheater element 1” page 90

“MID 128 SID 71 Preheater element 2” page 91

“MID 128 SID 78 Fuel priming pump” page 92

“MID 128 SID 85 Piston cooling valve” page 94

“MID 128 PPID 86 Engine brake torque percent” page 66

“MID 128 SID 230 Idle validation switch 1” page 95

“MID 128 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control link” page 96

“MID 128 SID 232 5 Volt DC supply” page 98

“MID 128 SID 240 Program memory” page 99

“MID 128 SID 250 J1587/1708 Information link” page 100

“MID 128 SID 253 Data set memory EEPROM” page 101

“MID 128 SID 254 Engine electronic control unit (EECU)” page 102

14


PSID“MID 128 PSID 73 Dosage valve, drive stage” page 108

“MID 128 PSID 74 Regulation valve, drive stage” page 108

“MID 128 PSID 76 Return valve, drive stage” page 108

“MID 128 PSID 77 Calibration memory EEPROM” page 109

“MID 128 PSID 79 UREA-flow” page 109

“MID 128 PSID 80 Return valve” page 109

“MID 128 PSID 81 Emergency shut-down” page 109

“MID 128 PSID 83 Air pressure sensor 2” page 109

“MID 128 PSID 85 Main relay” page 110

“MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage, ignition” page 110

“MID 128 PSID 87 Speed, pump motor” page 110

“MID 128 PSID 88 Pump unit, heating” page 110

“MID 128 PSID 89 Dosage valve” page 110

“MID 128 PSID 93 Estimation, dosage” page 111

“MID 128 PSID 94 Pump unit, heating” page 111

“MID 128 PSID 161 VIN” page 103

“MID 128 PSID 162 VIN” page 104

“MID 128 PSID 201 SAE J1939 Data link interruption” page 105

“MID 128 PSID 229 SAE J1939 Data link interruption, UDS” page 111

15


Fault code troubleshootingThe control units on the information link communicateaccording to the SAE J1587 standard. The standardhas been extended with Volvo’s own supplement

(PPID, PSID). The fault codes set by the control unitscontain information that is described by the followingabbreviations.

MID Message Identification Description –identification of a control unit.

PID Parameter Identification Description –identification of a parameter (value).

PPID Proprietary Parameter IdentificationDescription – Volvo unique identificationof a parameter (value).

SID Subsystem Identification Description –identification of a component.

PSID Proprietary Subsystem IdentificationDescription – Volvo unique identificationof a component.

FMI Failure Mode Identifier – identificationof fault types.

FMI Table

FMI Display text SAE text

0 Value to high Data valid, but above the normal working range

1 Value too low Data valid, but below the normal working range

2 Incorrect data Intermittent or incorrect data

3 Electrical fault Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage

4 Electrical fault Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage

5 Electrical fault Abnormally low current or open circuit

6 Electrical fault Abnormally high current or short circuit to ground

7 Mechanical fault Incorrect response from a mechanical system

8 Mechanical or electrical fault Abnormal frequency

9 Communication fault Abnormal update rate

10 Mechanical or electrical fault Abnormally strong vibrations

11 Unknown fault Non-identifiable fault

12 Component fault Faulty unit or component

13 Incorrect calibration Calibration values outside limits

14 Unknown fault Special instructions

15 Unknown fault Reserved for future use

16


Test measurementsMeasurement on the control unit is carried out using2x9998505 and a breakout box which are connected tothe control unit connectors. This allows for direct voltageand resistance measurement at the control unit pins.

Voltage measuring at the control unit

To measure the signal between a control unit and acomponent:

• Connect the breakout box between the control unit andthe cabling.

• Put the start switch in the drive position (II).

Resistance measurement of component

To measure the resistance of a component and thecurrent path:

• Connect the breakout box only to the cabling.

• Put the start switch in the stop position (0).

Resistance measurement at a component

To measure a component’s resistance:

• Connect the breakout box only to the component.


Voltage measurement at component

To measure the signal between a control unit and acomponent:

• Connect the breakout box between the control unit andthe component.

• Put the start switch in the drive position (II).

Resistance measurement of cabling

To measure the resistance in cabling:

• Connect a breakout box to each end of the cable.


17


Explanation of fault code tableFor each fault code, there are three tables and oneillustration that give general information on the fault codeand describe suitable measurements that should be takento localise the source of the fault.

First table, general information

Engine type: Specifies engine type to which the current fault code is implemented.

Component number: Number of the component whose subsystem is causing the fault code.

Wiring diagram: Designation of relevant wiring diagrams in the service handbook forthe electrical system of the bus model in question and (in brackets) thedesignation of the wiring diagram in service literature for previous electricalarchitectures.

Generalfault symptoms:

Symptoms which occur for all types of faults (FMI) with that fault code.

Appropriate testin VCADS Pro:

Test in VCADS Pro suitable for further investigation of the component.

Status testin BIC:

Specifies whether there is a relevant status test for the component which canbe carried out directly in the instrument control unit display.

Adapter oncomponent:

Instructions on which adapter to use on the component connector whiletaking measurements.

Adapter oncontrol unit:

Instructions on which type of adapter to use on the control unit connectorwhile taking measurements.

Illustration: Schematic illustration of the component subsystem. The relevant pins onthe control unit and measurement points on the component are shownin the illustration.

Second table, information on fault types

Type of fault: Specifies the fault types (FMI) that can occur for that fault code.

Symptom: Describes which fault symptoms occur for the various fault types.

Possible cause: Indicates the faults which can be the cause of the fault code for a fault type.

Third table, measurements

There are two types of measurements, resistance and voltage, which are divided into separate tables. Above and tothe left of each table there is an illustration showing how to connect the measurement equipment to the componentfor that particular reading.

Measurement: Indicates the part the measurement is intended to check.

Key position: Shows the switch position applicable to the particular reading.

Measurement points: There are two columns under measurement points, breakout box and wiringdiagram. The “breakout box” column shows the numbers representing themarkings on breakout box 999 86 99. The wiring diagram shows the namesof the pins on a component or ECU in a Volvo wiring diagram. The first tableshows which wiring diagram applies.

Expected value: Indicates with 20 % accuracy the values the measurement should give if thepart (component) the measurements are for is complete.

Measured value: The column is for entering the measured values.

Miscellaneous: Any special circumstances or conditions concerning the particular readingare entered here.

18


MID 128 PID 21 Sensor temperature , control unitNote: The sensor is located inside the control unit andtherefore cannot be checked.

Engine type: D9A, DH12D

Component number: A14

Wiring diagram: CM, CO

General fault symptom: Yellow informationlamp

Status test in BIC: Yes

T2022503

Type offault:

Symptom: Possible cause:

FMI 3• Incorrect engine function • Short-circuit to higher voltage

• Too high/low temperature in ECU

FMI 4• Incorrect engine function • Short-circuit to lower voltage or frame ground

• Too high/low temperature in ECU

19


MID 128 PID 26 Fan speed percentEngine type: D7C, D9A, DH12D

Component number: A14, B32

Wiring diagram: CM, CN, CO

Yellow informationlamp

Fault code

General fault symptom:

100% fan speed

Appropriate test in VCADSPro:

“28407-8 Sensorvalues check,engine running”


Adapter on control unit: 2x9998505

Adapter on component: 9998534, 9998567

Miscellaneous: 9812519T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Fault in fan speed (applies to D9A) • Missing signal up to fan (applies to D9A)

FMI 8• High fuel consumption, 100% fan speed• Yellow information lamp• Fault in fan speed (applies to D9A)

• Electrical interference• Defective wiring• Faulty sensor• Defective fan• Abnormal frequency (applies to D9A)

FMI 9• High fuel consumption, 100% fan speed• Yellow information lamp

• Short circuit to higher voltage (EA6 > 4.95V)• Faulty sensor

Voltage measurement

Measurement pointsMeasure-ments

Key position

Breakout box Wiringdiagram

Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0 V Fan offSensor, signal II 6 – 5 A6 – A5

U = 5 V Fan on, 100Hz

20



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0 V Fan off9998534connected

Sensor, signal II 1 – 2 B32:1 – B32:2

U = 5 V Fan on9998534connected

Resistance measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor, signal 0 6 – 5 A6 – A5 R = 900 With enginerunning,100Hz

21


MID 128 PID 45 Preheater status

Engine type: D7C, D9A, D12C,DH12C, DH12D



General fault symptom: Yellow informationlamp on


“33311-8 Pre-heating, test”



Miscellaneous: 9812519

T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Pr-heating relay never activated• White smoke in conjunction with cold starting and

difficult starting in extreme weather conditions

• Short-circuit to voltage in conjunction with contactbetween pre-heating relay and control unit orshort-circuit in pre-heating relay

FMI 4• Induction air too hot since pre-heating relay

constantly active• Short circuit to frame ground in conjunction with

contact between pre-heating relay and control unit

FMI 5• Pr-heating relay never activated• White smoke in conjunction with cold starting and

difficult starting in extreme weather conditions

• Blown fuse on power supply to pre-heating relay• Open circuit in cable to pre-heating relay and

the control unit or interference in the relay or itssupply cable

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0.8*Ubat InactiveSignal, starterelement statusrelay

II 31 – 9 B31 - B9

U = 0 V Active(normallyinactive withstarter key indrive position)

22


MID 128 PID 49 ABS control statusEngine type: All engines

Component number: A14, A27


Yellow warning lampGeneral fault symptom:

Fault code

Status test in BIC: No



T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• Yellow information lamp • Engine control unit lacks information from

ABS/EBS• Faulty information link• Faulty function in ABS/EBS control unit

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Informationlink J1708A

II 25 – 9 B25 – B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V The voltagevaries withinthe interval. 1

Informationlink J1708B


1 See Service literature, Group 37. IMPACT: Group 37, Diagnostics, Data links, fault tracing, for further fault tracing.

23


MID 128 PID 50 Default message on SAE J1708Engine type: D9A, DH12D







T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• Request not carried out • Expected message did not arrive

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.





1 See service literature, Group 37. IMPACT: Group 37, Diagnostics, Data links, fault tracing, for further fault tracing.

24


MID 128 PID 84 Road speedEngine type: All engines





“28407-8: Sensorvalues checks,engine running”




T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• Yellow information lamp• Engine speed reduced to 1700 rpm

• Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)• Faulty speed sensor• Faulty information link (SAE J1708)

FMI 11• Yellow information lamp• Reduced engine speed

• Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)• Faulty speed sensor• Faulty information link (SAE J1708)

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.






Note: For further fault tracing, check the vehicle controlunit (VECU)

25


MID 128 PID 85 Cruise control statusEngine type: All engines




“27503-8: Cruisecontrol function,check”



Adapter on component: 9990008, Green


T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• Yellow information lamp• No cruise control function

• Faulty information link SAE J1708• Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.






26




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


0 25 – DC2 B25 — DC2(pin 2 onconnector fordatalink)

R = 0 Measuringon datalinkconnector




27


MID 128 PID 91 Accelerator pedal positionEngine type: All engines




“27102-8:Accelerator pedalswitches andsensors, check”



Adapter on component: 9990008, (green)


T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• If FMI 9 has been activated, the engine will go

into “Limp home mode” and the idle speed switchwill then be used instead of the accelerator pedal

• Faulty accelerator pedal sensor or informationlink SAE J1708

• Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)

FMI 11• If FMI 11 has been activated, the engine will go

into “Limp home mode” and the idle speed switchwill then be used instead of the accelerator pedal

• Faulty accelerator pedal sensor or informationlink SAE J1708

• Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.



R = 0 1



R = 0 Measuringon datalinkconnector 1


28



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

R = 60 EECUconnected 1

J1939 Controllink

0 1 – 2 B1 – B2

R = 120 EECUdisconnected 1


29


MID 128 PID 94 Fuel delivery pressureEngine type: All engines










T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 1• Low capacity and difficult to start• White smoke

• Clogged fuel filter• The pressure in the overflow valve is either too

low or there is a leak/air in the fuel system

FMI 3• Short circuit to voltage or signal cable

FMI 4• Open circuit in supply or signal cable• Short circuit to frame ground or signal cable

FMI 7• Low fuel pressure

30


Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

II 27 – 5 A27 – A5 U = 0.5 VSignal, fuelfeed pressure

II 4 – 5 A4 – A5 U = 5 V Engine idling


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Component II 2 – 4 A44:2 – A44:4 U = 5 V With adapter9998534(9998567for DH12D)connectedto thecomponent)



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal lead 0 4 – A44:2 A4 – A44:2 R = 0 Adapter oncomponent:9998567.

Signal lead 0 5 – A44:4 A5 – A44:4 R = 0

31


MID 128 PID 97 Water in fuel indicatorEngine type: D9A, DH12D



General fault symptom: Yellow warning lamp





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp• Faulty water in fuel indicator

• Short circuit to higher voltage (B6 > 0,8*Ubat)• Faulty sensor

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp.• Faulty water in fuel indicator

• Short circuit to lower voltage (B6 < 0.05*Ubat)• Faulty sensor

FMI 14• Fault code is active while the electric fuel pump

is running, for information purposes only (appliesto DH12D)

• The electric fuel pump is active (applies toDH12D)

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor,supplier

II 6 – 9 B6 – B9 U = 0.8*Ubat



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor,chassis ground

0 6 – 9 B6 – B9 R = 0

32



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensors 0 2 – 3 A45:2 – A45:3 R = Break 9998567con-nected to com-ponent

33


MID 128 PID 98 Engine oil levelEngine type: D9A, DH12D, D7



Fault codeGeneral fault symptom:



“28408-6: Sensorvalues checks,engine stationary”





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 1• Yellow information lamp • Low engine oil level

• Faulty sensor

FMI 3• Yellow information lamp (applies to D9A) • Short circuit to higher voltage (applies to D9A)

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to framework ground

(B15-B22 < 0.5 V, signal sensor)• Faulty sensor

FMI 5• Yellow information lamp • Open circuit, signal sensor

(B15-B22 > 4,95 V• Faulty sensor

34


Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor, signal II 15 – 9 B15 – B9 U = 3 V Pulse every 30seconds

Sensor, signal II 15 – 22 B15 – B22 U = 3 V Pulse every 30seconds



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor,chassis ground

0 15 – 22 B15 – B22 R = 12


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensors 0 1 – 2 B10:1 – B10: 2 R = 12 9998534connected tocomponent

35


MID 128 PID 100 Engine oil pressureEngine type: All engines






“28407: Sensorvalues checks,engine running”





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 1(does notapply toD7C)

• Oil pressure lamp comes on — red or yellow • The oil level is too low or the oil has beencontaminated — too viscous or too runny

• Faulty delivery valves or worn oil pump

FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on• Oil pressure sensor shows 0

• Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to highervoltage

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp comes on• Oil pressure sensor shows 0

• Open circuit in supply or signal cable• Short circuit to frame ground on supply or signal

cable

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0.5 Engine offSensor, oilpressure

II 14 – chassisground

A14 – Chassisground

U = 3.5 Engine idling

T0011166


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor powersupply voltage

II 1 – 4 B38:1 – B38:4 U = 5 V

36




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Groundconnection

0 4 – Chassisground

B38:4 –Chassisground

R = 0

Signal cable 0 2 – Chassisground


R = 100 k

T0011193


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor,cabling

0 2 – 14 B38:2 – A14 R = 0

37


MID 128 PID 102 Boost pressureEngine type: D7C, D9A, D12C,

DH12C, DH12D,



General fault symptom: Yellow informationlamp comes on andcharge air sensorshows 0.







Type offault:


FMI 0• Red lamp comes on • Abnormally high value

FMI 3• Low power output • Short circuit to voltage or signal cable

FMI 4• Low power output • Open circuit on supply or signal cable

• Short circuit to frame ground or signal cable

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, boostpressure

II 3 – 5 A3 – A5 U = 1.1 V Engine idling,at sea level


II 4 – Chassisground


U = 5 V

38



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor, signal II 2 – 4 B37:2 – B37:4 U = 1.1 V Engine idling,at sea level9998534connected

Power supplycable



U = 5 V 9998534connected



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal lead 0 3 – 37:2 A3 – 37:2 R = 0

Signal lead 0 5 – B37:4 A5 – B37:4 R = 0

Signal lead 0 4 – B37:1 A4 – B37:1 R = 0


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Ground table 0 4 – Chassisground


R = 0 9998534connected

39


MID 128 PID 105 Boost air temperatureEngine type: All engines



General fault symptom: Yellow informationlamp comes on.







T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 0• Loss of engine power when engine cold (GH10C)• Too much power on acceleration (GH10C)• Constant temperature, 40 C (GH10C)

• Temperature too high

FMI 3• Loss of engine power when engine cold (GH10C)• Too much power on acceleration (GH10C)

• Short circuit to voltage on signal or frame groundcable

• Open circuit on signal cable or faulty sensor

FMI 4• Loss of engine power when engine cold (GH10C)• Too much power on acceleration (GH10C)

• Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable• Fault in sensor

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal,boost airtemperature

II 2 – 5 A2 – A5 U = 2.6 V At 20 C


II 2 – 5 A2 – A5 U = 1.6 V At 100 C

40




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


0 2 – 5 A2 – A5 R = Seetablepage 42


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Component 0 3 – 4 B37:3 – B37:4 R = Seetablepage 42

Ground table 0 4 – Chassisground


R = 0

41


The resistance of the subsystem varies with the boost airtemperature. The table below shows the tolerances andsuitable values at different temperatures.

Table with values

Boost air temperature [ �C] Measured value

-40 155.5 -180.7 k

-30 82.3 -94.3 k

-20 45.3 -51.5 k

-10 25.9 -29.1 k

0 15.3 -17.1 k

10 9.4 -10.4 k

20 5.9 -6.5 k

30 3.8 -4.2 k

40 2551 -2745

50 1735 -1851

60 1198 -1282

70 840 -906

80 601 -653

90 438 -478

100 324 -354

110 243 -267

120 185 -205

130 142.2 -158.2

140 111 -124

150 87 -98

MID 128 PID 106 Boost pressureEngine type: D9A, DH12D, D7



Low engine power

0 bar in boostpressure


Fault code







42


Type offault:


FMI 3(electricalfault)

• Yellow information lamp• Boost pressure gauge always shows 0 bar• Low engine power

• Short circuit to higher voltage between controlunit and component.

• Possible short circuit internally in the component


• Yellow information lamp• Boost pressure gauge always shows 0 bar• Low engine power

• Short circuit to higher voltage between controlunit and component.

• Possible short circuit internally in the component

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


II 3 – 5 A3 – A5 U = 1.1 V At approx. sealevel

Sensor,supplier

II 4 – 5 A4 – A5 U = 5 V


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor, signal II 2 – 4 B37:2 – B37:4 U = 1.1 V 9998534connected, atsea level

Sensor,supplier

II 1 – 4 B37:1 – B37:4 U = 5 V 9998534connected



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Ground 0 5 – B37:4 A5 – B37:4 R = 0

Boostpressure,signal

0 3 – B37:2 A3 – B37:2 R = 0

Sensor,supplier

0 4 – B37:1 A4 – B37:1 R = 0

43


MID 128 PID 107 Air filter differential pressureEngine type: All engines










T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 0• Engine power loss • Clogged air filter

FMI 3• Short circuit to voltage on signal cable• Short circuit on ground cable

FMI 4• Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable

FMI 5• Open circuit on frame ground or signal cable

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, air filterdifferentialpressure

II 17 – 8 B17 – B8 U = 3 V


II 17 – 8 B17 – B8 U = 12 V Filter clogged

Signal/supplycable



U = 0.8*Ubat 9998534connected

44




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


0 17 – 8 B17 – B8 R = 330 1


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Component 0 1 – 2 B39:1 – B39:2 R = 330 1 9998534connected

1If R ≈ 2.2 k when the engine is off, it is an indicationthat the switch has stuck in active position.

45


MID 128 PID 108 Atmospheric pressureNote: The sensor is located inside the control unit and istherefore not checked. The signal is used to calculate theboost pressure and to compensate for fuel when drivingat high altitudes.

Engine type: All engines




Engine doesnot compensatefor atmosphericpressure



Status test in BIC: YesT2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on• Poor response at high altitudes

• Internal fault in control unit• Control unit has been exerted to extremely high

pressure

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp comes on• Poor response at high altitudes

• Internal fault in control unit• Control unit has been exerted to extremely high

pressure

46


MID 128 PID 110 Engine coolant temperatureEngine type: All engines




“28407-8: Sensorvalues checks, enginerunning”




Miscellaneous: 9998699, 9812519

T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 0• Lamp in coolant temperature sensor comes on,

yellow or red• Lack of engine power

• Low coolant level or coolant pump• Faulty thermostat — pressure cap on expansion

vessel or the sensor• Insufficient flow rate through coolant system.

Radiator or intercooler blocked

FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on• Coolant temperature shows 0

• Short circuit to voltage on signal cable• Open circuit on signal/supply or ground cable

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp comes on• Coolant temperature shows 0

• Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Power supplycable

II 25 – 5 A25 – A5 U = 3V At 20 C

Power supplycable

II 25 – 5 A25 – A5 U = 6V At 80 C

47




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, coolanttemperature



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


9998534connected

The resistance of the subsystem varies with the coolanttemperature. The table below shows suitable values forthe tolerance levels at different temperatures.

Table with values

Coolant temperature Expected value

-30 C 24.3 -30.7 k

-20 C 13.4 -16.6 k

-10 C 7.7 -9.3 k

0 C 4.5 -5.3 k

10 C 2.8 -3.3 k

20 C 1.8 -2.0 k

30 C 1.1 -1.3 k

40 C 746 -850

50 C 510 -574

60 C 356 -396

70 C 254 -280

80 C 183 -200

90 C 134 -145

100 C 100 -107

110 C 75 -81

120 C 57 -62

130 C 44 -48

48


MID 128 PID 111 Coolant levelEngine type: All engines

Component number: S68

Wiring diagram: “EECU, wiringdiagram” page 12







T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 1• Red lamp comes on• Reduced engine power and engine shutdown

when the vehicle speed is below 3 km/h (if engineoverheating protection included in software)

• Low coolant level or faulty sensor• Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable

FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to higher voltage on signal or frame

ground cable

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to frame ground

FMI 5• Yellow information lamp comes on • Open circuit

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, coolantlevel

II 7 – 8 B7 – B8 U = 0.8*Ubat


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Power supplycable

II 1 – 2 S68:1 – S68:2 U = 0.8*Ubat

49




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

R = Opencircuit (normal)

Signal, coolantlevel

0 7 – 8 B7 – B8

R = 0(empty)


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

R = Opencircuit (normal)

Component 0 1 – 2

R = 0(empty)

50


MID 128 PID 153 Crankcase pressureEngine type: D9A, DH12D




Reduced enginepower







T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 0• Red stop lamp and alarm• Engine power reduced 50%• Engine speed reduced by ( < 1000 rpm)• Engine shutdown at road speed < 2 km/h

• Crankcase pressure is too high• Clogged crankcase ventilation• Sticking cylinder• Faulty sensor

FMI 3• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to higher voltage (EB-24 > 4.95V,

sensor signal or frame ground)• Faulty sensor

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to frame ground (EB-24 < 0.08V,

signal sensor)• Faulty sensor

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor,supplier

II 14 – 13 B14 – B13 U = 5 V Power supply

51



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor,supplier


1 – chassisground


Sensor, signal II 2 – Chassisground

2 – Chassisground

U = 3 V At sea level,100 kPa,engine off,9998534connected.



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Sensor,supplier

0 4 – 13 4 – B13 R = 0 9998534connected

52


MID 128 PID 158 Battery voltageEngine type: All engines






T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on • Fault in alternator

• Rapid charger

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to frame ground

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Chassisground

II 11 – 9 B11 – B9 U = Ubat

Power supply II 12 – 10 B12 – B10 U = Ubat

Chassisconnection


B9 – Chassisground

U = 0 V

53


MID 128 PID 171 Ambient temperatureEngine type: D9A, DH12D






T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• Abnormal update rate

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Data linkJ1708B

II 25 – 9 B25 - B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V The voltagevaries withinthe interval. 1

Data linkJ1708A

II 26 – 9 B26 - B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V The voltagevaries withinthe interval. 1


54


MID 128 PID 172 Air inlet temperatureEngine type: All engines










T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Constant temperature, 25 C • Short circuit to voltage on signal or frame ground

cable• Open circuit on signal or ground cable.

FMI 4• Blue smoke in cold weather • Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable

• Faulty sensor

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, air inlettemperature

II 3 – 13 B3 – B13 U = 2.6 V At 20 C


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal supplycable



U = 2.6 V 9998534connected

55




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, air inlettemperature

0 3 – 13 B3 – B13 R = Seetablepage 56


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


9998534connected

The resistance of the subsystem varies with the airtemperature. The table below shows suitable values forthe tolerance levels at different temperatures.

Table with values

Ambient temperature Expected value

-30 C 83.3 -94.1 k

-20 C 45.8 -51.4 k

-10 C 26.2 -29 k

0 C 15.4 -17.1 k

10 C 9.6 -10.4 k

20 C 5.87 -6.53 k

30 C 3.86 -4.14 k

40 C 2586 -2740

50 C 1792 -1876

60 C 1215 -1273

70 C 860 -892

80 C 619.5 -638.5

90 C 452.7 -464.7

100 C 336.5 -343.3

56


MID 128 PID 174 Fuel temperatureEngine type: D7C, D9A, D12C,

DH12C



General fault symptoms: Yellow informationlamp on







T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Incorrect fuel quantity • Short circuit to voltage on signal (battery or 5V)

or frame ground cable• Interference on signal or frame ground cable.• Faulty sensor

FMI 4• Incorrect fuel quantity • Short circuit to ground on signal cable

• Faulty sensor

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 3 V At 20 CSignal, fueltemperature

II 13 – 5 A13 – A5

U = 2 V At 40 C



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, fueltemperature


57



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


The resistance of the subsystem varies with the fueltemperature. The table below shows suitable values forthe tolerance levels at different temperatures.

Table with values

Fuel temperature Expected value

-30 C 24.4 -30.6 k

-20 C 13.4 -16.6 k

-10 C 7.68 -9.32 k

0 C 4.46 -5.34 k

10 C 2.75 -3.25 k

20 C 1.76 -2.04 k

30 C 1120 -1290

40 C 746 -850

50 C 509 -573

60 C 356 -396

70 C 254 -280

80 C 182.6 -199.6

90 C 134.2 -145.2

100 C 100 -107.4

110 C 75.2 -80.8

120 C 57.1 -61.9

130 C 43.9 -47.9

58


MID 128 PID 175 Engine oil temperatureEngine type: All engines




“28407: Sensorvalues checks,engine running”





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 0• Red lamp comes on• Power reduction in first stage (at T>135 C) and

shutdown in the second (if engine overheatingprotection has been selected in the software)

• Poor cooling• Faulty sensor

FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on• Oil temperature sensor shows 0

• Short circuit to voltage on signal cable• Open circuit in signal cable• Faulty sensor

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp comes on• Oil temperature sensor shows 0

• Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable• Faulty sensor

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 2 – 3 V At 20 CSignal, oiltemperature

II 1 – 5 A1 – A5

U = 0.4 V At 100 C

T0011191


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Power supplycable


1 – Chassisground


59




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, oiltemperature



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.


9998534connected

The resistance of the subsystem varies with the oiltemperature. The table below shows suitable values forthe tolerance levels at different temperatures.

Table with values

Oil temperature Expected value

-30 C 24.4 -30.6 k

-20 C 13.4 -16.6 k

-10 C 7.68 -9.32 k

0 C 4.46 -5.34 k

10 C 2.75 -3.25 k

20 C 1.76 -2.04 k

30 C 1120 -1290

40 C 746 -850

50 C 509 -573

60 C 356 -396

70 C 254 -280

80 C 182.6 -199.6

90 C 134.2 -145.2

100 C 100 -107.4

110 C 75.2 -80.8

120 C 57.1 -61.9

130 C 43.9 -47.9

60


MID 128 PID 224 Electronic immobilizerEngine type: D9A, DH12D


Wiring diagram: “EECU, wiringdiagram” page 12


Status test in BIC No

T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2• Not possible to start engine • Intermittent or incorrect data

FMI 12• Not possible to start engine • Faulty unit or component

61


MID 128 PID 228 Road speed sensor calibrationEngine type: All engines




“38356-8: K factor,test”



Adapter on component: 9990008, (Green)


T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 11• Cruise control failure in conjunction with other

fault codes affecting road speed• Faulty information link SAE J1708• Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Informationlink J1708

0 25 – 2 B25 — DC2(pin 2 ondatalinkconnector)


Informationlink J1708

0 26 – 2 B26 — DC3(pin 3 ondatalinkconnector)


62


MID 128 PID 245 Total vehicle distanceEngine type: D9A, DH12D





“20005–2: Fuelconsumption data”





T2022503

Type offault:



Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.






63



Component number A14







T2022503

Type offault:



Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.






64










T2022503

Type offault:



Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.






65


MID 128 PPID 86 Engine brake torque percentEngine type: D9A, DH12D








T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• • Abnormal update rate

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.






66


MID 128 PPID 122 VCB Engine compression brakeEngine type: D9A, D12C, DH12C,

DH12D

Component number: A14, Y33




“25336-6: Enginebrake function, test”





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 1• Abnormally low value

FMI 3• Reduced engine brake capacity due to inactive

VCB• Short circuit to battery voltage between VCB

solenoid valve and control unit• Short circuit in VCB solenoid valve

FMI 4• VCB on constantly• Low capacity, black red and very random speed

• Short circuit to frame ground between VCBsolenoid valve and control unit

FMI 5• Reduced brake capacity due to inactive VCB • Open circuit between VCB solenoid valve and

control unit or in supply cable• Fuse for supply to VCB solenoid valve has blown

or an open circuit in the solenoid valve

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = Ubat InactiveSignal, VCBcompressionbrake



U = 0 V Active

67


MID 128 PPID 123 EPG 2

(Heating/engine brake 50%)Engine type: D7C, D12C, DH12C





“25340-8: Startand heat retentionfunction, test”





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Heating and engine brake out of order• Blue red in demanding conditions• Engine may be difficult to start

• Short circuit to battery voltage between solenoidvalve and control unit

• Short circuit in solenoid valve

FMI 4• EPG 2 constantly activated• Low capacity and black smoke

• Short circuit to frame ground between solenoidvalve and control unit

FMI 5• Heating and engine brake out of order• Blue red in cold weather• Engine may be difficult to start

• Open circuit between solenoid valve and controlunit

• Open circuit in supply cable or solenoid valve• Fuse for supply to EPG has blown

FMI 9• Error receiving gear selector position message

(not D9A)• Abnormal refresh rate (not D9A)

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U =Ubat(Inactive)

Signal, EPG(not D9A)

II 35 – 9 B35 – B9

U = 0 V (Active)

Normallyinactive withstarter key indrive position

U =Ubat(Inactive)

Signal, EPG II 36 – 9 B36 – B9

U = 0 V (Active)

Normallyinactive withstarter key indrive position

68



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Supply cable(not D9A)


Y37:2 –Chassisground

U = Ubat 9998534connected

69


MID 128 PPID 124 Exhaust pressure governor

(Heating/engine brake 100%)Engine type: D7C, D12C, DH12C


Wiring diagram: CM, CN

General fault symptom: Yellow information lamp on

“25336-6: Engine brakefunction, test”

Appropriate test inVCADS Pro:

“25340-8: Start and heatretention function, test”





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Engine brake out of order • Short circuit to battery voltage between solenoid

valve and control unit• Short circuit in solenoid valve

FMI 4• EPG 1 constantly activated• Low capacity and considerable smoke emission

(black)

• Short circuit to frame ground between solenoidvalve and control unit

FMI 5• Engine brake out of order • Open circuit between the solenoid valve and the

control unit, in the supply cable or in the solenoidvalve

• Fuse for supply to EPG has blown

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U =Ubat(Inactive)

Signal, EPG II 35 – 9 B35 – B9

U = 0 V (active)

Normallyinactive

U =Ubat(Inactive)

Signal, EPG(not D9A)

II 39 – 9 B36 – B9

U = 0 V (Active)

Normallyinactive

70



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Supply cable(not D9A)


Y37:2 –Chassisground

U = Ubat 9998534connected

71


MID 128 PPID 125 EOLEngine type: D7C


Wiring diagram: CN

General fault symptom: Yellow information lamp on

Appropriate test inVCADS Pro:

“25340-8: Start and heatretention function, test”





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• • Short-circuit to higher voltage

FMI 4• • Short-circuit to lower voltage or frame ground

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U < 6 InactiveEOL II 24 – 9 B24 – B9

U > 9.6 V Active

72


MID 128 SID 1/2/3/4/5/6 InjectorGeneral information

Fault code Description

SID 1 Injector 1

SID 2 Injector 2

SID 3 Injector 3

SID 4 Injector 4

SID 5 Injector 5

SID 6 Injector 6

T2022503

Engine type: D9A, D12C, DH12C,DH12D

Component number: A14 Y33 (6072)


General fault symptom: Yellow informationlamp onLow capacity,random speed andabnormal noise.

“23018-6:Evaluation injector,fuel quantity”


“23712-6: Injectorcut-off, manual”




T2018702

Measuring directly on the injector

73


Type offault:


FMI 2• 3 cylinders on power stroke• Lack of engine power

• Short circuit to battery voltage in cable to highvoltage side of injector

FMI 3• 3 or 5 cylinders on power stroke• Lack of engine power

• Short circuit between high and low voltage side• Short circuit to battery voltage in cable to low

voltage side of injector

FMI 4• 3 cylinders on power stroke• Lack of engine power

• Short circuit to frame ground in cable to high orlow voltage side of injector


• Open circuit in cable on low or high voltage side. If3 fault codes have been set (one bank), the opencircuit will be on the high-voltage side. If only onefault code is present, the open circuit will be onthe low voltage side of the injector in question.

FMI 7• Irregular running• Lack of engine power

• Fault in injector• Poor compression


• Intermittent faults



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

R = 1.5 – 2(Bosch)

Injector 1 0 11 – 12 A11 – A12

R = 4.5 – 5(Lucas)

Injector 1 0 11 Chassisground


R = Break

R = 1.5 – 2(Bosch)

Injector 2 0 22 – 12 A22 – A12

R = 4.5 – 5(Lucas)

Injector 2 0 22 – Chassisground


R = Break

R = 1.5 – 2(Bosch)

Injector 3 0 23 – 12 A23 – A12

R = 4.5 – 5(Lucas)



R = Break

R = 1.5 – 2(Bosch)

Injector 4 0 34 - 24 A34 – A24

R = 4.5 – 5(Lucas)

74



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.



R = Break

R = 1.5 – 2(Bosch)

Injector 5 0 35 – 24 A35 – A24

R = 4.5 – 5(Lucas)



R = Break

R = 1,5 – 2(Bosch)

Injector 6 0 36 – 24 A36 — A24

R = 4.5 – 5(Lucas)



R = Break

75


MID 128 SID 17 Fuel shutoff valveEngine type: D7C


Wiring diagram: CN




T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2(incorrectdata)

• Engine stops or does not start at all • Intermittent contact, in either the connector or afaulty cable

• Short circuit to frame ground or higher voltage• Defective component


• Engine stops or does not start at all• No fuel reaching the nozzle

• Short circuit to battery voltage between solenoidvalve and control unit

• Short circuit in solenoid valve

FMI 4• Solenoid valve constantly active • Short circuit to frame ground on cable between

solenoid valve and control unit

FMI 5• Engine stops or does not start at all • Open circuit between solenoid valve and control

unit• Open circuit in supply cable to fuel shut-off valve


• Engine stops or does not start at all • Abnormally high current, short circuit to the frameground

• Defective component

FMI 11(unknownfault)

• Engine stops or does not start at all • Defective component or cable

76


Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0 V ActiveSignal, fuelshut-off valve

II 34 – 9 B34 – B9

U = Ubat Inactive

77


MID 128 SID 18 Drain valve, water separatorEngine type: D9A, DH12D




No water drainage




T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp• Output EB32 disconnected

• Short circuit to higher voltage between controlunit and component

• Defective component

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp• Fuel leak when engine turned off and ignition is

on• Lack of engine power• Air in the fuel system

• Short circuit to frame ground between control unitand component

FMI 5• Yellow information lamp• Output EB32 disconnected

• Open circuit between control unit and component• Open circuit in supply to valve• Fuse for component has blown• Defective component

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Component,supply

II 3 – 9 A45:3 – B9 U = Ubat 9998567connected

78



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0.9*Ubat Componentinactive

Component,function

II 6 – 9 B6 – B9

U = 0 V Componentactive

79


MID 128 SID 20 Timing sleeveEngine type: D7C


Wiring diagram: CN

Red lamp comes on (notfor FMI 2)


Engine stops or doesnot start (not for FMI 2)



T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to battery voltage, high voltage side

FMI 3• Short circuit between high and low voltage side• Short circuit to battery voltage on low voltage side

FMI 4• Short circuit to frame ground on low voltage side

FMI 5• Open circuit in cable between control unit and

pump

FMI 6• Short circuit to frame ground on high voltage side

FMI 7• Internal fault in pump.• Interference on needle lifter signal

FMI 8• Internal fault in pump.• Internal fault in engine control unit.

FMI 11• Unidentifiable fault



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, timingsleeve

0 9 – 21 A9 – A21 R = 2

Signal, timingsleeve


14 – Chassisground

R = Break

80


MID 128 SID 21 Engine position timing sensorEngine type: All engines

Component number: A14, B919, B05





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2(appliesto D7C)

• Signal does not arrive

FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on• Difficult to start on second attempt

• Short circuit to voltage, positive or negative cable• Short circuit to frame ground, positive cable• Open circuit on positive or negative cable• Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor• Reversed polarity on sensor or damaged sensor

wheel

FMI 8• Yellow information lamp comes on• Difficult to start on second attempt

• Electric interference on engine speed signal, poorinsulation or faulty cable

• Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor• Damaged sensor wheel

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, engineposition

II 7 – 18 A7 – A18 U = 0 V Enginestopped.

Signal, engineposition(needle lift)

II 15 – 28 A15 – A28 U = 5.5 V (applies toD7C)

81




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, engineposition

0 7 – 18 A7 – A18 R = 0.775 –0.9445 k

82


MID 128 SID 22 Engine speed sensorEngine type: All engines

Component number: B04, A14


General fault symptom: Yellow informationlamp comes on


Adapter on component: 9998534


T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2• Irregular speed and engine misfiring• Engine stops if camshaft signal disappears

• Electrical interference on rotation speed signalor intermittent contact

• Poor insulation or faulty cable• Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor• Damaged tooth on flywheel

FMI 3• Irregular speed and engine misfiring• Engine stops if camshaft signal disappears

• Short circuit to voltage, positive or negative cable• Short circuit to frame ground, positive cable• Short circuit between cables or in sensor• Open circuit on positive or negative cable• Intermittent contact, faulty or incorrectly installed

sensor

FMI 8• Engine misfiring• Engine stops if camshaft signal disappears

• Electrical interference• Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor• Damaged tooth on flywheel

83


Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, enginespeed sensor

II 30 – 31 A30 – A31 U = 0 V Enginestopped.



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, enginespeed sensor

0 30 – 31 A30 – A31 R = 0.775 –0.9445 k

84


MID 128 SID 23 Rack actuatorEngine type: D7C


Wiring diagram: CN

Red “Stop” lamp(not FMI 2).


Engine stops ordoes not start.



T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to battery, high-voltage side

FMI 3• Short circuit between high and low voltage side of

battery or to low voltage side of battery

FMI 4• Short circuit to frame ground, low voltage side

FMI 5• Open circuit in cable between control rod and

control unit• Open circuit in control rod actuator

FMI 6• Short circuit to frame ground, high voltage side

FMI 7• Control rod has jammed or mechanical fault in

pump• Fault in sensor

FMI 8• Internal fault in fuel pump or engine control unit

FMI 11• Unidentifiable fault

85


Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal,flywheelcontrol rod

II 8 – 10 A8 – A10 U = 3 V Engine idlingf = 200 Hz



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal,flywheelcontrol rod

0 8 – 10 A8 – A10 R = 1.5

High-voltageside



R = Break

Low-voltageside



R = Break

86


MID 128 SID 24 Rack position sensorEngine type: D7C


Wiring diagram: CN




T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2• Red lamp comes on• Engine stops or does not start

• Sensor value is outside measuring range ordefective sensor

• Open circuit or short circuit in cable• Internal fault in pump.

FMI 13• Red lamp comes on• Engine will not start

• Sensor defective or not calibrated



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, controlrod position

0 16 – 17 A16 – A17 R = 20 Measuring oncoil

Signal, controlrod position

0 29 – 17 A29 – A17 R = 20 Reference coil

Component 0 16 – Chassisground


R = Break



R = Break



R = Break

87


MID 128 SID 33 Fan controlEngine type: D9A, GH10C,

DH12D







T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp• 0% fan speed, high coolant temperature

• Short circuit to higher voltage (B21 > 0.65*U)bat

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp• 100% fan speed, high fuel consumption

• Short circuit to framework ground on pin B21

FMI 5• Yellow information lamp• 100% fan speed, high fuel consumption

• Open circuit in:• Cable• Fuse• Connectors

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = Ubat ActivePWM signal,hydraulic pump

II 21 – 9 B21 – B9

U = 0 V Inactive

88


MID 128 SID 64 Redundant engine speed sensorEngine type: D7C, D9A, DH12D


Wiring diagram: CM, CO, CN





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on• Engine is difficult to start a second time

• Short circuit to battery voltage or frame ground,positive cable

• Short circuit to battery voltage, negative cable• Open circuit on positive or negative cable• Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor• Reversed polarity on sensor or damaged sensor

wheel

FMI 8• Yellow information lamp comes on• Engine is difficult to start a second time

• Electrical interference on rotation speed signal orpoorly insulated cable

• Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor• Damaged sensor wheel



Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, in-linepump rpm

0 A7 – A18 A7 – A18 R = 0.775-0.945

Signal, in-linepump rpm

0 A30 – A31 A30 – A31 R = 0.775-0.945

Applies to D9A

89


MID 128 SID 70 Preheater element 1Engine type: D7C, D9A, D12C,

DH12C, DH12D







T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Preheheating relay can be constantly active• Flat battery, high intake temperature or current

consumption too high

• Short circuit to battery voltage on EB5• Relay is constantly active

FMI 4• Preheating not working, white smoke during cold

starting and engine difficult to start in extremeweather conditions

• Short circuit to frame ground or faulty preheatingrelay

FMI 5• Preheating not working• Engine difficult to start in extreme weather

conditions

• Blown fuse• Open circuit in: preheating element, connection

between relay and element or the cable

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0.8*Ubat InactiveSignal, starterelement 1

II 31 – 9 B31 – B9

U = 0 V Active withkey in driveposition

U > 12 V ActivePre-heating1, heaterdiagnostics

II 5 – 9 B5 – B9

U = 0 V Inactive withkey in driveposition

90


MID 128 SID 71 Preheater element 2Engine type: D9A, DH12D






T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Fault in fan speed (applies to D9A) • Missing signal up to fan (applies to D9A)

FMI 4• Short-circuit to higher voltage• Short-circuit to lower voltage or frame ground

FMI 5• Abnormally low current or open circuit

91


MID 128 SID 78 Fuel priming pumpEngine type: D9A, DH12D







T2022503

Type offault:

Symptom: Probable cause:

FMI 3(appliesto D9A)

• Voltage higher than normal • Short circuit to voltage

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp• Fuel pump running constantly

• Short circuit to frame ground (EA19, controlsignal)

• Defective fuel pump

FMI 5• Yellow information lamp• Fuel pump not running

• Open circuit in cable to fuel pump• Blown fuse• Defective fuel pump

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = 0.8*Ubat Fuel pumpinactive

Fuel pump,signal



U = 0 V Fuel pumpactive

92




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Fuel pump,motor

0 1 – 5 1 – 5 R > 10 9998567connected

Fuel pump,supply


1 – Chassisground

R = Break 9998567connected

Fuel pump,signal


5 – Chassisground

R = Break 9998567connected

93


MID 128 SID 85 Piston cooling valveEngine type: D9A, DH12D






T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp • Short-circuit to higher voltage

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to frame ground

FMI 5• Yellow information lamp • Blown fuse

• Open circuit

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U = Ubat InactiveSignal, pistoncooling valve

II B34 – B9 B34 – B9

U = 0 V Active

94


MID 128 SID 230 Idle validation switch 1Engine type: All engines






T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Yellow information lamp comes on• “Limp-home” not in working order

• Short circuit to battery voltage and cable betweenengine control unit (EECU) and vehicle controlunit (VECU)

• Fault on accelerator pedal

FMI 4• Yellow information lamp comes on• “Limp-home” not in working order

• Short circuit to frame ground on cable betweenengine control unit (EECU) and vehicle controlunit (VECU)

• Open circuit in cable between engine control unit(EECU) and vehicle control unit (VECU)

• Fault on accelerator pedal

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

U < 4 V InactiveCable VECU— EECU

II 4 – 9 B4 – B9

U > 8 V Active

95


MID 128 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control linkEngine type: All engines





T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2• Cruise control not working • Short circuit to voltage or frame ground on control

link (SAE J1939)

FMI 11• Cruise control not working • Internal fault in the engine control unit (EECU)

FMI 12(D7C andD9A only)

• Cruise control, preheating and engine brake notworking

• Open circuit on control link (SAE J1939)• No contact with vehicle control unit (VECU)

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

J1939 controllink CANH

II 1 – 9 B1 – B9 U = 2.7 ± 0.3 V 1

J1939 controllink CANL

II 2 – 9 B2 – B9 U = 2.3 ± 0.3 V 1

J1939control linkCANH/CANL

II 1 – 2 B1 – B2 Udiff= 0.4 V Voltage variesdepending ontraffic intensity1

J1939 controllink CANH

1 – Chassisground


U = 2 -5 V

J1939 controllink CANL

II

2 – chassisground


U = 2 -5 V

Oscilloscopemeasurementin VCADS Pro1


96




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Control linkJ1939 high/low

0 1- 2 B1 – B2 R = 60 Twoterminationresistors

Control linkJ1939 high/low

0 1 – 2 B1 – B2 R = 120 Oneterminationresistor

Oscilloscope measurement

Measurements are taken with a breakout toolSelect VCADS test with oscilloscope (e.g. fuel pressure). Tests marked with a red box can involve connecting anoscilloscope.Suitable settings:Channels... ±5V on channels A and B eachTime based... 50 ms (x-axis)Tool: 9998489

Some information can be retrieved from the diagram. The graphs can be between 1V and 4V, inverted and theymeet at 2.5V In VCADS Pro, the graphs are completely inverted because the oscilloscope is slow. There may be awave/saw-tooth shaped interference on the signal, which does not necessarily mean there is something wrong.Measurements can be made at several points along the link (at different control units) to ensure that there is trafficalong its entire length.

97


MID 128 SID 232 5 Volt DC supplyEngine type: All engines



General fault symptom: Yellow informationlamp comes on anda fault code is shownfor the oil and boostpressure sensor.



T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 3• Incorrect value of oil and boost pressure sensor• Low output• Oil and boost pressure sensor shows 0 in the

instrument

• Short circuit to battery voltage on output EA4

FMI 4• Oil and boost pressure sensor shows 0 in the

instrument• Low output

• Short circuit to frame ground on EA4 or in sensor• Faulty sensor

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Signal, 5Vsupply tosensor

II 4 – 5 A4 – A5 U = 5 V

98


MID 128 SID 240 Program memoryEngine type: All engines



T2012704

Type offault:

Symptom: Possible cause: Appropriate action:

FMI 2• Red stop lamp comes on• Engine will not start

• Programming fault• Internal fault in control unit

• When programming: checkparameters

• Fault when driving: changecontrol unit

FMI 12

• Red stop lamp comes on• Engine will not start

• Internal fault in control unit • Change control unit

99


MID 128 SID 250 J1587/1708 Information linkEngine type: All engines



Adapter on controlunit:

2x9998505


T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 12• Yellow information lamp comes on• No information on information link from engine

control unit (SAE J1708)• Boost pressure, oil pressure, oil temperature,

water temperature and engine speed show 0

• Internal fault in control unit

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Data linkJ1708A


Data linkJ1708B

II 26 – 9 B26 – B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V 1


100


MID 128 SID 253 Data set memory EEPROMEngine type: All engines




Red stop lamp

T2012704

Type offault:


FMI 2• Red stop lamp• Engine will not start

• Internal fault in control unit• Programming fault

FMI 12• Red stop lamp• Engine will not start

• Internal fault in control unit• Checksum error

101


MID 128 SID 254 Engine electronic control unit (EECU)Engine type: All engines




Red stop lamp

T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2, 8,9, 11, 12 • Red stop lamp

• Engine will not start• Internal fault in engine control unit.

FMI 13• Fault code shown on request to control unit• Engine misfiring

• Internal fault in engine control unit.

102


MID 128 PSID 161 VINEngine type: D9A, DH12D



General fault symptom: Engine functions notworking

T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 12• Vehicle starts but dies immediately (1 — 3 sec) • Fault on information link SAE J1708

• Fault in vehicle control unit (VECU)

103


MID 128 PSID 162 VINEngine type: D9A, DH12D

List of components: A14, A17



T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 2• Vehicle starts but dies immediately (1 — 3 sec) • Vehicle control unit (VECU) or engine control unit

(EECU) does not have the same chassis number

104


MID 128 PSID 201 SAE J1939 Data link interruptionEngine type: All engines






T2022503

Type offault:


FMI 9• Yellow information lamp• Incorrect engine functions (e.g. cruise control,

EPG, preheating)

• Communication fault on data link J1939 betweenEECU and VECU

Voltage measurement


Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

Control linkJ1939 CANH

II 1 – 9 B1 – B9 U = 2.7 ± 0.3V 1

J1939 data linkCANL

II 2 – 9 B2 – B9 U = 2.3 ± 0.3V 1




Key position


Expectedvalue

Measuredvalue

Miscellane-ous.

R = 60 Twoterminationresistors

Controllink J1939,terminationresistor

0 1 – 2 B1 – B2

R = 120 Oneterminationresistor

105


CommentsIf R = 60 between B1 and B2, the cable is OK.

Measurement has been taken with only one terminalresistor if R = 120 between B1 and B2. The vehicleshould have two terminal resistors, one internally in theengine control unit (EECU) and one as a final resistorclose to the vehicle control unit (VECU).

106


MID 128 PPID 273 UREA-pressureThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit

See Service information, Group 25, “MID 233 SCRT®”

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 MID 128 PPID273 UREA-pressure”, for further fault tracing

MID 128 PPID 274 Temperature sensor UREA-tankThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 274Temperature sensor UREA tank”, for further fault tracing

MID 128 PPID 275 Temperature sensor, pump unitThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 275Temperature sensor, pump unit”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PPID 277 Air pressure sensor 1This fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 277 Airpressure sensor 1”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PPID 278 Level sensor UREA tankThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 278 Levelsensor, UREA tank”, for further fault tracing.

107


MID 128 PPID 385 Battery voltageThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 385Battery voltage”, for further fault tracing

MID 128 PPID 387 Temperature sensor after catalystThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 387Temperature after catalyst”, for further fault tracing

MID 128 PSID 73 Dosage valve, drive stageThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 73 Dosagevalve, drove stage”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 74 Regulation valve, drive stageThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 74Regulation valve, drive stage”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 76 Return valve, drive stageThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 76 Returnvalve, drive stage”, for further fault tracing

108


MID 128 PSID 77 Calibration memory EEPROMThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 77Calibration memory EEPROM”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 79 UREA-flowThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 79 UREAflow”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 80 Return valveThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 80 Returnvalve”, for further fault tracing

MID 128 PSID 81 Emergency shut-downThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 81Emergency shut-down”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 83 Air pressure sensor 2This fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 83 Airpressure sensor 2”, for further fault tracing

109


MID 128 PSID 85 Main relayThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 85 Mainrelay”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage, ignitionThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage,ignition”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 87 Speed, pump motorThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 87 Speed,pump motor”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 88 Pump unit, heatingThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 88 Pumpunit, heating”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 89 Dosage valveThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 89 Dosagevalve”, for further fault tracing.

110


MID 128 PSID 93 Estimation, dosageThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit

See Service information, Group 25, “MID 233 SCRT®”.

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 93Estimation, dosage”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 94 Pump unit, heatingThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 94 Pumpunit heating”, for further fault tracing.

MID 128 PSID 229 SAE J1939 Data link interruption, UDSThis fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT ® but issent by MID 128 Engine control unit.


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 94 Pumpunit heating”, for further fault tracing.

111

Feedback

One of our objectives is that workshop personnel should have access to correct andappropriate service manuals where it concerns fault tracing, repairs and maintenanceof Volvo vehicles.In order to maintain the high standards of our literature, your opinions and experiencewhen using this manual would be greatly appreciated.If you have any comments or suggestions, make a copy of this page, write down yourcomments and send them to us, either via telefax or mailing directly to the addresslisted below.

To

Volvo Bus CorporationDept. 83500 ARAK1SE-405 08 GÖTEBORGSweden

Fax +46 31 664034

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Concerns Service Manual: ...........................................................................................................................

Volvo Bus CorporationGöteborg, Sweden

20 036171 English . Printed in Sweden

Documents

Service Manual Busesnayanumber.com/exes/Manju/volvofaultcode.pdf · Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) General General Multiplexed electrical system Volvo Bus has introduced