SEPTEMBER ALMANAC 2013 c)2013 Susan Curnow Breedlove

This almanac is a compilation of 31+ sources

September is the Wild-Rice Moon, Manominike gisiss (Ojibwa),

Septiembre (Spanish), Septembre (French), 9月(Japanese),

Kujatsu九月(Chinese), Lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj (Hmong)

Hispanic Heritage Month is September 15th through October 15th

The September Flower is the Aster or Morning Glory The Birthstone of the month is the Sapphire (image: wisdom)

Quote for the Month “Laughter is the language of the soul.”

Pablo Meruda (July 12, 1904 – September 23, 1973) Chilean, poet, diplomat and

politician, known as a poet while still a teenager, won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.

Sunday, September 1 This the time of WILD RICE HARVEST in Minnesota & Wisconsin. The MINNESOTA STATE FAIR continues through Labor Day, tomorrow. The MINNESOTA RENAISSANCE FESTIVAL continues every weekend of September & Labor Day. Celebrations and observances of today include: Orthodox Ecclesiastical New Year, Slovakia: Constitution Day, Uzbekistan: Independence Day. Brazil: Independence Week celebrations begin (Sept 1-7), Japan: Kanto Earthquake Memorial Day, Libya: Revolution Day, and Mexico: President’s State of the Union Address.

1773-Phyllis Wheatley's poetry collection is published in London, England, the first book of poetry by an African American published. 1854-Naturalist Anna Botsford Comstock, a pioneer in conservation, is born. Her 900-page Handbook of Nature Study will become a classic text for teachers.

1891-Halle T.D. Johnson became the 1st woman to practice medicine in Alabama. 1896-On this day, George Washington Carver began work at Tuskegee. 1884-Haskell Institute opened as Indian Training School at Lawrence, KS. 1907-Walter Reuther, American labor leader of United Auto Workers, born. 1923-The Kanto earthquake killed 57,000 people. Rocky Marciano, boxer, born.

1935-Seiji Ozawa (小澤 征爾), Japanese conductor, particularly noted for his

interpretations of large-scale late Romantic works and his work as music director of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, born.

1937-Ron O’Neal, actor (Superfly), born. 1939-Actress, comedienne Lily Tomlin (Prairie Home Companion, "Laugh In"), born.

World War II begins as Germany invades Poland. 1950-Psychologist, author, television personality ("The Oprah Winfrey Show." "Dr. Phil"), Dr. Phil McGraw, born. 1957-Gloria Estafan, singer ("Don't Want to Lose You"), was born on this day in Cuba. 1966-Timothy Hardaway, basketball player, celebrates his birthday. 1985-The Titanic ship was discovered of the coast of Newfoundland, Canada, almost 75 years after it sank. 1993-Condoleeza Rice is named provost at Stanford University, becoming the youngest person and the first African American to hold this position. A majority of Baltimore orioles migrate, at night, to their wintering territories in Central America. Orange jewelweed and Canadian goldenrod bloom.

Monday, September 2 Today is the last day of the 2011 MINNESOTA STATE FAIR. LABOR

DAY is observed in CANADA and the UNITED STATES. It is believed to have been started by

Peter McGuire, a Carpenters & Joiner officer, in 1882. Today is VIETNAM'S INDEPENDENCE

DAY/Quốc khánh, (from France in 1945).

490 B.C.-Birth of marathon runs, 26 miles from Athens to Sparta. 1666-The Great Fire of London, credited with bringing about our system of fire insurance, started, destroying more than 13,000 houses in 3 days. 1766-James Forten, activist in abolition, sail maker, Philadelphian businessman, and supporter of William Lloyd Garrison's newspaper The Liberator was born. 1833-First coeducational college and first US college to routinely enroll black students, Oberlin College, founded. 1838-Queen Lydia Kamekaha Liluiokalani, the last monarch of Hawaii before its annexation by the US, is born in Honolulu.

1914-the last passenger pigeon died. 1915-Dai-Keong Lee, composer, born. 1941-Basketball coach and former player George Thompson, born. 1945-Ho Chi Minh formally proclaimed independence of Vietnam from France. 1948-Christa McAuliffe, the high school teacher who perished in the Challenger space

shuttle in l986, was born on this day. Terry Bradshaw, sportscaster and football hall of famer was also born.

1958-Minneapolis co-founder of Thermo King Corporation, Frederick McKinley Jones patents control device for internal combustion engine. This African American invented the refrigerated truck and more. Several Minneapolis residents, friends of this almanac’s author worked for him while in college.

1961-k. d. Lang, singer, was born on this day in Canada. Carlos Valderrama, soccer player, born in Colombia. 1966-Actress Selma Hayek, (Frida, Fools Rush In), born in Mexico. 2005-Federal help finally arrives for victims of Hurricane Katrina.

The sumac and red maple trees are beginning to turn color. Tuesday, September 3

1783-The treaty between Britain and the U.S. is signed, ending the Revolutionary War. 1803-Prudence Crandall, a Quaker who set up a school for African American girls, sparking a controversy, was born on this day. 1811-Birth anniversary of John Humphrey Noyes, founder of the Oneida Community in New York. Noyes coined the term “free love.” 1833-The first successful penny newspaper in the US was launched. (The New York

Sun) 1838-Today marks the escape to freedom, the anniversary of Frederick Douglas'

journey to the free city of Philadelphia disguised as a sailor. Douglas was a leader in the abolitionist's and later women's rights movements and a visitor to Shakopee, Minnesota. 1856-U.S. architect responsible for the modern, steel-framed skyscraper whose motto was "form follows function," Louis Sullivan, born.

1860-Birth anniversary of American merchant and philanthropist Edward Filene (d.1937). He originated the “bargain basement.”

1879-The California State Legislature authorized the state to vote on issue of Chinese

expulsion with voters authorizing expulsion. 1898-Septima Clark, teacher and organizer of freedom schools, born. 1926-U.S. novelist and academic, Alison Lurie, born. She won the Pulitzer Prize for her

1984 novel Foreign Affairs and wrote written numerous non-fiction books and articles, particularly on children's literature and the semiotics of dress.

1933-Ann Richards, Texas politician and former governor, born. 1965-Carlos Irwin Estevez (Charlie Sheen of Platoon & Hot Shots” and “Two & a Half Men”), born.

1970-On this day, Native Americans "took over" Mt. Rushmore and demanded the return of 123,000 acres of their land. 1971- Indian author Kiran Desai, born. Her novel The Inheritance of Loss won the

2006 Man Booker Prize and the National Book Critics Circle Fiction Award. The hummingbirds begin their journey to Central America and birds feeding on the red berries of Mt. Ash trees and crab apple trees are getting "tipsy." Wednesday, September 4 The original Jesse James gang was put out of business during this time in 1876 while attempting to rob a bank in Northfield, MN. An estimated 150,000 attend a reenactment of the event and a professional rodeo today and throughout this coming weekend.

1781-The city of Los Angeles declared as founded as “El Pueblo de Nuestra Senora La Reina de Los Angeles de Porciuncula.”

1843-Lewis Latimer, African American scientist, inventor of the filament of the light bulb, born. 1846-Daniel Burnham, U.S. architect and city planner, born. His policy of "forever open, clear and free" resulted in Chicago's beautiful lake front. 1882-The first electric lighting, that of 400 bulbs in Manhattan offices, occurred on this day. 1901-Mantan Moreland, comic actor (chauffer in Charlie Chan series), born.

1908-Richard Wright, African American author whose works include Native Son, was born. He died in Paris, France in 1960.

1957-Governor Faubus called out the Arkansas National Guard to turn away nine African American students who had been trying to attend Central High School in Little Rock. 1960-Damon Wayans, author, and comedian ("In Living Color"), born. 1962-New Orleans Catholic schools are integrated. 1970-Actress Ione Skye (Say Anything. . .; Gas, Food, Lodging), born, England. 1981-U.S. R & B singer, recording artist (one of the best-selling artists), fashion designer,

and Actress, Beyoncé Knowles (Dream Girls), born.

1995-The fourth UN World Conference on Women opens in Bejing. 2009-Tuskegee Airman and Minneapolis resident, Vernon Hobson, laid to rest at Fort Snelling National Cemetery, Minneapolis, MN. New England asters are blooming in purples, fuchsia, and blue. Thursday, September 5 The 44

th UNITED TRIBES POWWOW is held this weekend in

Bismarck, North Dakota. It is one of the largest international powwows in the nation. Today is

BE LATE FOR SOMETHING DAY. ROSH HASHANA begins at sundown tonight, Jews begin

their celebration of the High Holy Days, which are observed during the 10 day period between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur are the most important of all Jewish Holidays and the only holidays that are purely religious, as they are not related to any historical or natural event.

1698-Peter the Great of Russia imposes a tax on beards. 1774-The first assembly of the First Continental Congress, the fore-runner of the U.S.Congress took place at Philadelphia, PA.

1847-Jesse James, western legend and bandit, born. 1869-date"Pap" Singleton founded "Singleton's Colony," Kansas, an African American settlement. 1877-Tashunka Witko (Chief Crazy Horse), Oglala military leader, died on this day.

1882-First Labor Day observance, New York City, organized by the Central Labor Union. 1901-Clarrisa Scott Delaney, African American poet and social worker, born. 1914-Babe Ruth performed his first Pro homer in a one-hit shutout. 1935-Singer, actress (West Side Story), Carol Lawrence, born. 1960-Leopold Sedar Senghor, poet and politician, is elected president of Senegal. He took a leading role in the negotiations that led to independence of France's sub- Saharan colonies. 1965-The Watts Writers Project formed in an attempt to relieve the despair and anger of

the community, just days after the five days of rioting and fire that erupted in the Watts community of Los Angeles. Novelist and film producer Budd Schulberg established this project, engaging young men and women in a writing project that

would quickly become a model for similar groups around the country. (Note: Businesses on Plymouth Avenue in North Minneapolis. were similarly set on fire in the same era, in reaction to frustration and racism.)

1972-Olympiad Massacre in Munich resulted in death of 11 members of the Israeli Olympic Team. Four of the attackers, members of a faction of the PLO, also died. Israel retaliated by bombing Palestinian positions at Lebanon and Syria.

1979-Basketball star and UCLA All-American Ann Meyers signs a free agent contract with the Indiana Pacers. She is the only woman ever given a tryout with an NBA team.

1980-The world's longest underground motorway opened in Switzerland. 1983-“The MacNeil-Lehrer Newshour” premieres, TV’s first regularly scheduled daily hour news show begins as a half hour. 1990-Olympic champion figure skater, Kim Yu-Na, born, South Korea.

The Minnesota cranberry harvest usually begins about now. Ruffled grouse broods begin to disperse. Friday, September 6 SWAZILAND observes independence on this, SOMHLOLO DAY, (from Great Britain,1968). PAKISTAN observes DEFENSE OF PAKISTAN DAY.

1800-James Kurham, black doctor, and Catherine Beecher,early advocate for equal education of women and founder of a female school, born.

1860-Jane Adams, American worker for peace, social welfare, rights of women, winner of the 1931 Nobel Peace Prize, and founder of the first settlement house, Hull House in Chicago, was born.

1933-Activist, civil rights leader, and dentist, William Gibson, born. 1951-Birth of Chrissie Hynde, musician, vegetarian and animal rights activist.

1954-Carlos Paula, native of Cuba, integrates Washington Senators baseball team. 1962-Television journalist, anchor of ABC's television news magazine 20/20 and ABC News Specials, Elizabeth Vargas, born. 1963-The Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio, is dedicated. 1964-Rosie Perez, actress (White Men Can't Jump), was born in England.

1974-Justin Whalin, actor ("Charles in Charge"), celebrates a birthday. 1996-Eddie Murray joins Hank Aaron and Willie Mays as the only baseball players with at least 500 home runs and 3,000 bats. 2000-The United Nations holds its Millennium Summit in New York City, the largest gathering of world leaders in history. Monarch butterflies, dragonflies, and nighthawks are heading south. Saturday, September 7 The 43

rd annual MINNESOTA RENAISSANCE FESTIVAL continues

every weekend of September with the theme “Highland Fling” this weekend. The WASHINGTON COUNTY BLUEGRASS FESTIVAL with live music from multiple bluegrass bands and family activities with be held at the Lake Elmo Park Reserve, Lake Elmo, MN. Hastings, Minnesota has another of its Historic Saturday Night Cruise-In's. This weekend BRAZIL celebrates independence from Portugal in 1822. 1860-Grandma Moses, (Anna Mary Robertson), famous American painter who started painting at the age of 78, was born. 1908-Lebanese American, Dr. Michael DeBakey, a pioneer of open-heart surgery as well as the technology, was born.

1917-African American painter Jacob Lawrence, best known for his series of historical paintings on John Brown and on the migration of African Americans out of the South, born. Lawrence died in 2000 not long after conducting seminars with an exhibition at the Minneapolis Institute of Arts.

1924-Daniel K. Inouye, U. S. Senator from Hawaii, was born. 1936-Buddy Holly, U.S. popular music performer, composer ("Peggy Sue" and "That'll

Be the Day"), and band leader, born. (Died, 1959, in plane crash on way to Minnesota.)

1942-Richard Roundtree, actor (Once Upon a Time When We Were Colored) was born

in New York. (Some sources say 1939.) 1951-Marge Simpson's voice on "The Simpsons," actress Julie Kavner, ("Rhoda"), born

as was singer, songwriter, spokesperson for PETA, Chrissie Hynde of the Pretenders.

1954-Integration in public schools began in Washington, D.C. and Baltimore, Md. 1956-Michael Feinstein, American singer, pianist, music revivalist, and an interpreter of,

and anthropologist and archivist for, the repertoire known as the Great American Songbook, born.

1959-Buddy Holly, singer ("Peggy Sue," "That'll Be the Day"), was killed in a plane crash at the age of 22.

1960-Having overcome childhood polio, sprinter Wilma Rudolf wins her third gold medal, anchoring the US women’s 4 x 100 relay team at the 1960 Olympic Games in Rome.

1971-Briana Scurry, Olympic soccer medalist, goalkeeper, born in Minneapolis. 1978-Today is Black Friday in Iran. 3,000 protesters killed in Tehran by Shah's troops using U.S. Weapons. (The Shah had been installed earlier by the U.S.) 1978-Actor Devon Sawa (Wild America, The Boy’s Club), born, BC, Canada. 1987-Actress Evan Rachel Wood (Thirteen, The Upside of Anger, Across the Universe, “Once and Again”), born.

1998-The Internet search engine Google was founded by Sergey Brin and Larry Page. 2008-Serena Williams is US Open champion again after a six-year wait. Displaying the

talent and tenacity that helper her dominate tennis earlier in the decade, she outlasted second seed Jelena Jankovic for her third US Open championship and ninth grand slam title.

Wood ducks, wild turkeys, blue jays, black bears and white-tailed deer are among animals eating acorns that have recently fallen. Sunday, September 8 Today is GRANDPARENT’S DAY in the U.S. Today begins HABITAT FOR HUMANITY INTERNATIONAL'S BUILDING ON FAITH WEEK celebrating partnerships of this home building organization and faith groups. Today is UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL LITERACY DAY.

1900-More than 6,000 people were killed on this day in Galveston, TX when a hurricane struck. This is up to today, September 1, 2005, the worst national disaster in U. S. history in terms of lives lost.

1900-Claude Denson Pepper, U.S. representative and former senator, whose career spanned 53 years and 10 presidents, champion for senior citizens, principal architect of Social Security, minimum wage and medical assistance, born.

1907-Negro League's baseball star, Buck Leonard, born.

1921-Miss America first crowned at Atlantic City, New Jersey. 1932-Patsy Cline, country and western singer, featured star of the Grand Ole Opry, born. (d. 1963 in airplane crash)` 1944-Internationally renowned teacher and choreographer Fred Benjamin, who teaches

a mixture of modern dance jazz, and classical ballet, born. Affiliated with the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, many of his students have danced on Broadway and are in major dance companies.

1954-Opera singer Marilyn Mims, born. 1956-Harry Belafonte's album "Calypso," goes to #1 and stays #1 for 31 weeks 1965- Filipino and Mexican farm workers strike, leading to founding of United Farm

Workers Union, Delano, CA. 1966-Star Trek premieres on NBC-TV.

1970-Basketball player, Latrell Sprewell, born. 1971-Actor David Arquette, (Scream, Muppets from Space), born.

1971-John F. Kennedy Center for Performing Arts opens in Washington D.C. 1974-Former President Richard Nixon pardoned for offenses against the U.S. By then President Gerald Ford.

1979-Singer Pink (Alecia Moore), born. 1981-Jonathon Taylor Thomas, actor ("Home Improvement"), born, Bethlehem, Pa. 1986-Two female candidates from major parties oppose each other for a Senate seat for the first time (Barbara Mikulski and Linda Chavez).

1986-Oprah Winfrey Show television programs premiered on this day. 1993-Baseball's proposed switch to a three-division format OKed in AL. 1998-Mark McGuire broke the record of most home runs in a single season (62). Barry Bonds broke McGuire's record in 2001.

Most ruby-throated hummingbirds leave northern Minnesota by the 12th. Keep sugar water

feeders up until all have left which can be into October. Monday, September 9 The spectacular HINDU festival GANESH CHATURTHI honors the birth of the beloved Hindu elephant-headed god, Lord Ganesha, popularly worshiped for his ability to remove obstacles and bring good fortune.

1806-Sarah Mapps Douglass, abolitionist, born. 1828-Russian novelist and moral philosopher, best known for his novels War and Peace and Anna Karenina, Leo Tolstoy, born. 1890-Colonel Sanders, founder of Kentucky Fried Chicken, born, (d.1980). 1903-Author Phyllis Whitney is born. With more than 70 books to her credit, the popular

mystery writer is dubbed the “American queen of the Gothics” by the New York Times.

1915- Historian and author Dr. Carter G. Woodson founds the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History.

1927-Elvin Ray Jones, one of the most influential jazz drummers of the post-bop era, born. (d. 2004)

1928-Leo Tolstoy, Russian novelist and moral philosopher (War and Peace), born. 1957-On this date, The Civil Rights Act was approved.

Observing birthdays today are Sonia Sanchez, noted African American poet, play-wright and short story writer was born in 1943; Benjamin (BJ) Armstrong, basketball player in 1967; Actor, comedian, producer, musician Adam Sandler in 1966; Michael Keaton (Douglas), actor ("Batman," "The Dream Team"), in 1951; Billy Preston, musician, songwriter, singer ("Nothing from Nothing") born in1946.

1968-Arthur Ashe became first Black to win U.S. men's singles tennis championship. 1972-The cartoon series hosted by Bill Cosby, with characters based on his childhood friends at Philadelphia, premiered on TV as "Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids," 1973-Kazuhiro Ishii, basketball player, born in Chilba, Japan. 1976-People's Republic of China pays tribute to Chinese revolutionary leader Mao Tse- Tung who died on this day. 1998- The Chicago Defender building is designated a landmark. This former Jewish

synagogue was home to the Chicago Defender from 1920 until 1960. Founded by Robert S. Abbott in 1905, the newspaper became nationally known for its outspoken editorial policies on behalf of civil rights issues.

1999-A Texas jury imposes the death sentence on Lawrence Russell Brewer, the second white supremacist convicted of killing James Byrd Jr.

Blackbirds begin to flock practicing for their upcoming trip south. Tuesday, September 10 TEACHERS’ DAY is observed in China.

1852-Alice Brown Davis, Seminole civic activist, born. 1855-John Mercer Langston elected township clerk of Brownhelm, Ohio, becoming 1st Black to hold elective office in the U.S. 1890-Avant-garde fashion designer who introduced the shoulder pad, man-made materials, and "shocking pink," Elsa Schiaparelli, born in Italy. 1910-Rev. Dr. M. Moran Weston, who led one of Harlem's most prominent churches (St.

Philip's Episcopal Church), helped found what became the nation's largest black-owned financial institution and built housing for thousands, born. (d. 2002)

1928-Yma Sumac, singer, born in Ichocan, Peru. 1929-Golfer Arnold Palmer, born. 1934-Roger Marias, baseball player, born in Hibbing, Minnesota. He broke Babe Ruth's record for home runs. (d. 1985) 1934-Charles Kuralt, journalist, past host of the television show "Sunday Morning,"

presenter of stories of every-day-folks, was born on this day in 1934. Kuralt died in 1997.

1945-Jose' Feliciano, singer, musician ("Light My Fire," "Hi-Heel Sneakers"), one of first to break Latino barrier in U.S., born in Puerto Rico.

1948-Actress Judy Geeson (To Sir with Love, The Eagle Has Landed), born. 1988-Steffi Graf becomes only the fifth person to complete the tennis calendar Grand Slam when she defeats Gabriela Sabatini in the US Open finals. The obedient or false dragonhead flower shows its light pink blossoms. Wednesday, September 11 Today is U.S. PATRIOT DAY, a day to commemorate those that those that died in the attacks of the World Trade Center and Pentagon of 2001. ETHIOPIA ushers in their NEW YEAR (ENUTATASH or ENKUTATASH) on the Ethiopian Orthodox calendar. 1850-Jenny Lind, "The Swedish Nightingale" and for whom a Minneapolis school is named after, gave her first concert in New York. 1862-Author of short stories (Gift of the Magi), O. Henry, (pen name of the American writer William Sydney Porter), born.

1880-On this day, Sitting Bull led the Sioux "Ghost Dance" in resistance to sale of tribal land.

1877-Roskika Schwimmer, suffragist and pacifist, is born in Budapest. During WWI she will travel throughout Europe promoting a peaceful resolution to the conflict.

1910-Wm. Sydney Porter who used the pen name O. Henry, born. 1947-Jackie Robinson named National League Rookie of the Year.

1943-Actress of "The New Bill Cosby Show" and "Ben Vereen-Comin' at Ya, Lola Falana, born.

1948-Pakistan observes the death anniversary of its founder Qaid-e-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah. 1951-Actress Amy Madigan (Places in the Heat, Field of Dreams), born. 1959-The U.S. National Food Stamp Program was authorized. 1962-Actress Kristy McNichol ("Empty Nest," Little Darlins, Summer of My German Soldier, Emmys for "Family"), born. 1965-Rock singer/songwriter, Moby (Richard Melville Hall), born. 1967-Singer (Grammy for We Are In Love), actor (When Harry Met Sally. . .), Harry Connick, Jr., born in New Orleans. 1973-U.S. backs overthrow of the democratically elected government of Salvador Allende in Chile.

1974-TV premiere of "Little House on the Prairie" based on books of Laura Ingalls Wilder. Haile Selassie is deposed from the Ethiopian throne. 1977-U.S. rapper and actor. Christopher Brian Bridges, better known by his stage

name Ludacris, born. Ludacris the co-founder of Disturbing tha Peace, an imprint distributed by Def Jam Recordings, has won the Screen Actors Guild, Critic's Choice, MTV, and Grammy Awards during his career.

1999-Seventeen-year-old Serena Williams defeats Martina Hingis to win her first major tennis championship, the US Open.

2001-The World Trade Center's twin towers in New York City and the Pentagon of Washington DC were attacked by terrorists who hijacked planes; 15 of the 19 were from Saudi Arabia. More than 3,000 people were killed.

White-tailed bucks begin to shed their antler’s velvet.

Thursday, September 12 1735-Prince Hall, founder of Negro Masonry was born. 1910-Alice Stebbins Wells becomes the world’s first policewoman, in Los Angeles.

1913-Jesse Owens, Olympic Games winner of four gold medals for track and field events in 1936, was born on this date. 1915- Genocide of Armenians begins in Turkey.

1940-Caves containing prehistoric wall paintings are discovered at Lascaux, France. 1859-Florence Kelly, activist, committed pacifist, a strong supporter of women’s suffrage and African American civil rights, born.

1954-TV premiere of "Lassie," tales of a courageous and intelligent collie dog. 1963-Amy Yasbeck, actress (The Mask), born. 1977-Steven Bilko, leader of the black consciousness movement in South Africa, was murdered in South Africa while in police custody. 1978-Actor and producer who earned many Teen Choice Award nominations for his part

in The O.C., Benjamin McKenzie Schenkkan, known as Benjamin McKenzie (also films 88 Minutes, Junebug,

and Southland), born.

1980-Basketball player Yao Ming, born in China. 1981-Singer, actress (“American Idol,” Oscar for Dreamgirls; Sex and the City), Jennifer Hudson, born, Chicago, IL

1986-Actress(The Day After Tomorrow, The Phantom of the Opera), Emmy Rossum, born. 1992-Dr. Mae C. Jemison became the 1st African American woman to travel in space on the space shuttle Endeavor. 1997-Mary Robinson becomes the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. From 1990 to 1997 she will serve as president of Ireland.

2003-Barry White, singer ("Can't Get Enough of Your Love, Babe"), born in 1944, died. The common evening primrose blooms yellow in fields and road sides. Friday, September 13 WO-ZHA-WA DAYS are celebrated in the Wisconsin Dells through the 15

th as the beginning of the fall season. The MENDOTA MDEWAKANTON DAKOTA

TRADITIONAL POW-WOW is held this weekend. YOM KIPPUR, The Day of Atonement, begins. The High Holy Days, for those of the Jewish faith are observed during the 10 day period between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur are the most important of all Jewish Holidays and the only holidays that are purely religious, as they are not related to any historical or natural event.

1788-Congress moved the U.S. Capital from Philadelphia to New York City. It moved back to Philly in 1790, moving permanently to Washington, DC ten years later.

1814-The "Star-Spangled Banner" was inspired by Francis Scott Key while aboard a ship delayed in Baltimore harbor by British attack. 1851-U.S. Army physician Walter Reed, for whom the US Army's general hospital at Washington, DC is named and which is about to be closed, born. Reed is especially known for his Yellow Fever research. 1857-Milton Snavely Hershey, founder of Hershey’s Chocolate, born.

1886-Writer (The New Negro), first African American Rhodes Scholar, leading voice during the Harlem Renaissance, Alain Locke, born.

1913-Dancer, Tony Award winner, and famed Motown choreographer who worked with The Supremes, The Temptations, etc., Cholly Atkins is born. (d. 2003)

1916-The birth anniversary of Roald Dahl, author (Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, James and the Giant Peach) is today (Died in 1990). 1938-Author, newspaper columnist, and etiquette expert Judith Martin (aka Miss Manners),born.

1948-Nell Carter, U.S. singer, & film, stage, & television actress, born. (d. 2003) 1967-Track athlete Michael Johnson was born on this day in Dallas, TX.

1968-Baseball player Bernabe ("Bernie") Williams, born, Puerto Rico. 1969-"Scooby-Doo, Where are You?" TV premiere anniversary. 1971-New York state troopers crush a revolt at Attica State Prison; 37 inmates and nine

hostages are killed. 1976-"The Muppet Show," comedy-variety puppet show hosted by "Kermit the Frog," by Jim Henson, premiered. 1977-Singer and songwriter Fiona Apple (albums Tidal and When the Pawn), born. 1980-Ben Savage, actor (Boy Meets World), born in Chicago. White-tail deer of Minnesota and Wisconsin begin to get their winter coats. Brown-eyed Susans bloom in gardens and prairies. Saturday, September 14 The 43

rd annual MINNESOTA RENAISSANCE FESTIVAL continues

every weekend of September with the theme this weekend of Wine, Chocolate, and Romance. 1843-Lola Rodriquez De Tio, Puerto Rican poet, revolutionary, and nationalist, born.

1879-Margaret Sanger, feminist, nurse & founder of birth control movement was born. 1921-Constance Baker Motley, first African American woman state senator & federal judge, winning all 7 cases presented to the Supreme Court, born.

1934-Feminist, writer (Sexual Politics, a critique of patriarchy in Western society and literature, Flying), Kate Millett, born, St. Paul, MN. 1936-Actor, writer, director, producer (“Star Trek” and Star Trek movies), Walter Koenig, born. 1975-Elizabeth Seton became first native-born of U.S., to be canonized as a saint.

1984-The first Transatlantic balloon crossing was made by 56-year-old Joe Kittinger in a 10-story-tall helium-filled balloon across the Atlantic Ocean on this day. 2001-Barbara Lee (Democrat, CA) casts lone vote in Congress against Bush's use-of- force resolution in response to 9-11. "Kettles" of hawks are migrating. Many people from around the world have been gathering in Duluth to see them. Sunday, September 15 Google and join the Minneapolis Bike Tour which has become a tradition for cyclists of all ages. The tour today provides individuals and families the opportunity to enjoy Minneapolis' spectacular park and trail systems at their own pace, unhindered by motorized traffic. FIESTAS PATRIAS/HISPANIC HERITAGE MONTH begins today in the US. and Central American INDEPENDENCE DAY of COSTA RICA, EL SALVADOR, GUATEMALA, HONDURAS and NICARAGUA from Spain in 1821 is celebrated. T'BOLI TRIBAL FESTIVAL, a thanksgiving festival in the PHILLIPINES, is celebrated this third week of September. SWITZERLAND observes their FEDERAL THANKSGIVING DAY as herdsmen descend from the Alps with cows wearing floral arrangements. (3

rd Sunday of Sept.)

1789-James Fenimore Cooper, one of the earliest U.S, novelists (The Last of the Mohicans), historian and social critic, born. 1821-The Declaration of Central American Independence ends Spanish colonial rule. 1830-The First National Convention for Blacks was held at Bethel Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with the purpose of finding ways to better the conditions of African Americans.

1890-English author of nearly a hundred books, especially mysteries, Agatha Christie, born in England. Louise B. Bethune becomes the first female architect elected to the American Institute of Architects

1903-Grand Ole Opry "King of Country Music," singer and fiddler, Roy Acuff was born. 1924-Bobby Short, cafe and supper-club singer and pianist who performed from the

1930s to the 2000s, primarily singing the songs of the masters of pre-rock and who came to represent the elegance and sophistication of New York with his tuxedoed appearance and repertoire of standards, born. (d. 2005)

1943-Paul Robeson performs in Othello for the 269th

time. 1945-Soprano, opera singer, Jessye Norman, born in Augusta, GA. Performances

include recitals, operatic portrayals, and appearances with symphony orchestras and chamber music collaborators. An alumnus of HCBU Howard University, she was a 1997 recipient of USA's highest award in the performing arts, the Kennedy Center Honors, making history as the youngest recipient in the Honors’ 20-year existence.

1946-Actor Tommy Lee Jones (Oscar for The Fugitive; Coal Miner's Daughter, Men in Black, No Country for Old Men), born. Oliver Stone, director (Platoon, JFK, Wall Street), screenwriter, born. 1963-Four young African-American girls were killed in Ku Klux Klan bombing of a church in Birmingham, ALA. 1971-Greenpeace, environmental organization committed to a green and peaceful world, founded. 2001-Rep. Barbara Lee, of California, casts lone vote against unlimited military action in response to 9/11 attack. Chestnut crabapples are in abundance in our community. Wealthy, Sweetango, McIntosh, Red Baron, and Honeycrisp apples are being picked. Monday, September 16 is MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE DAY (from Spain).

The national holiday RESPECT FOR THE AGED DAY, KEIRO NO HI (敬老の日, , is observed

in JAPAN on this, the third Monday of September. MAYFLOWER DAY acknowledges the departure of 102 passengers and a small staff on a ship from Britain to what is now the U.S. in 1620. This is INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE OZONE LAYER declared by the United Nations in 1994. NATIONAL HEROES DAY is observed in ANGOLA. 1672-Anne Bradstreet, recognized as the first published woman poet in the English language, died. 1875-Founder of J.C. Penney Co., James Cash Penney, born.

1894-Hector Hyppolite, third-generation houngan (vodou priest) and a self-taught artist, born in Haiti. Hyppolite painted with brushes made of chicken feathers and furniture enamel. He struggled to earn a living as a shoemaker’s apprentice and house painter, reproducing prints onto postcards sold to US Marines. His creativity flourished when he began painting furniture and doors. He eventually received worldwide acclaim for his artistry.

1908-General Motors was founded by William Durant in Flint, MI. 1923-First Catholic seminary for black priests dedicated in Bay St. Louis, Missouri. 1925-Blues artist B. B. King ("The Thrill is Gone") was born on this day. 1934- Hall of Famer basketball player, former coach, Elgin Baylor, born. 1942-Jacqueline Cochran is appointed director of Women’s Ferrying Training. The

holder of more aviation records than any other pilot, whe will be the first woman to break the sound barrier (1953).

1950-Professor of African American studies at Harvard, editor of the Norton Anthology of African American Literature, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., born. 1954-Weatherman and music editor Mark McEwen, born. 1965-National Farm Workers Association (NFWA), under the leadership of Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta, began its first strike in supporting and joining Filipino grape workers . 1982-Christian militiamen (the Phalangists) entered two Palestinian refugee camps and killed hundreds, including elderly and children. 1992-Singer (The Jonas Brothers), actor (Camp Rock), Nick Jonas, born. Migrating Canadian geese begin to arrive in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Have you noticed the loud sound of cicadas, katydids, and grasshoppers throughout the days and evenings? Tuesday, September 17 is CITIZENSHIP DAY in the United States. The Constitution of the United States took effect in 1789 beginning CONSTITUTION WEEK. Today is the opening day of the 67

th session of the General Assembly of the UNITED NATIONS (3rd Tuesday of Sept.)

1866-Mary Talbert Burnett, an African-American woman who dedicated her life as an educator, lecturer, and human rights advocate, founder member and director for several years of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), born.

1879-Andrew (Rube) Foster, "The Father of Negro Baseball," organizer of the first

Negro League, born. 1900-John Marriott, US hotel and restaurant founder, born.

1920-The National Football League was formed at Canton, OH. 1923-Country and western singer Hank Williams, Sr., born. Hits included "Jambalaya," "Your Cheating Heart,"& "Take These Chains from My heart." 1931-Actress Anne Bancroft (Tony and Oscar for The Miracle Worker; The Graduate, The Turning Point), Anne Bancroft, born. 1945-Basketball coach, former player, Phil Jackson, born. 1960- Kevin Clash, African American voice actor and puppeteer whose characters

include Elmo, Baby Sinclair, Clifford, Splinter and Hoots the Owl, born. He currently serves as Sesame Street Muppet Captain and co-executive producer.

1972-The popular TV series M*A*S*H premiered. 1974-Basketball player Rasheed Wallace, born in Philadelphia, 1974. 1983-Vanessa Williams, actress & singer, became the 1st African American woman named Miss America. 1996-Talk show host Oprah Winfrey launches her highly successful televised book club with the novel The Deep End of the Ocean by Jacquelyn Mitchard. Blue-winged teal are migrating. Wednesday, September 18 CHINA observes a KITE FESTIVAL commemorating the legendary inventive little man named Han Shin who, according to the story, constructed the first kite to be seen in the skies of China and used the kite in a resourceful way to win a battle. Traditional CHRYSANTHEMUM DAY is observed in JAPAN. The flower is of great cultural importance and the festival sees many specimens of its multitude of species displayed for the visual appreciation of locals. Popular historical scenes are depicted by clay dolls dressed in robes made from chrysanthemums petals. Today is INDEPENDENCE DAY of CHILE (from Spain in 1818). JAPAN'S AUTUMNAL EQUINOX is observed as autumn HIGAN-E from September 18-24. This Buddhist celebration of the autumnal equinox represents two days of balance of light and darkness, symbolizing harmony, peace, and equality. ). SUKKOT begins this evening and ends September 25

th. It is a time those of the Jewish faith remember God’s kindness and trust in

him by dwelling in a sukkah--a hut of temporary construction with a roof covering of branches. 1793-President George Washington laid the Capitol cornerstone with engraved silver

plate at Washington, DC; unsuccessful efforts have been made to find it. 1830-The Iron Horse (a train) named Tom Thumb was out raced by a horse. 1851-The New York Times was first published on this day. 1889-Hull House, a settlement house was founded in Chicago by Jane Adams and Ellen Gates Starr. (The Phyllis Wheatley House and Unity on Fremont were modeled after Hull House.) 1891-European American Harriet Maxwell, Ga-is-wa-noh, was made a chief of the Six Nations Tribe in appreciation for her work with them. 1895-Booker T. Washington delivers famous Atlanta Exposition speech. 1905-International film actress during the late-silent era and beginning of sound movies, Greta Garbo, born. (d. 1990) 1934-Editor of the Farmer's Almanac from 1934 until 1994 (the year of his death), Ray Geiger, born.

1951-Renowned neurosurgeon Dr. Benjamin Solomon Carson, born. (First to successfully separate twins conjoined on the head). He is a frequent visitor to the Twin Cities.

1954-Former NBA basketball player Dennis Johnson, eighth of sixteen children, born. 1970-Pyrotechnic rock guitarist Jimi Hendrix died in his sleep of a drug overdose in London, England, stunning the music world. Aisha Tyler, television host,

actress, stand-up comedian and writer, perhaps best known for her regular role in the first season of Ghost Whisperer and recurring roles in Friends and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, born.

1971-Jada Pinkett Smith, actress (The Nutty Professor, Menace II Society), born as was Lance Armstrong, national and world champion cyclist.

1980-Cosmonaut Arnoldo Tamayo, a Cuban, became the 1st person of African ancestry to be sent on a mission in space (USSR mission) The common milkweed, food to the monarch butterfly has produced pods with about 200 seeds on silver-white parachutes. Thursday, September 19 1676 - The Jamestown Virginia Colony was burned by frontier farmers in Bacon's Rebellion. 1778-Henry Peter Brougham, Scotch jurist and orator born. "Education, he said, "makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive, easy to govern, but impossible to enslave." 1881-Booker T. Washington opened Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. This African American was featured on 50-cent coins in 1956. 1911-Sir William Golding, celebrated author (Lord of the Flies), Nobel Prize winner in 1983, born. 1906-Ben Reifel, Congressman and winner of Outstanding Indian Award in 1956, born. 1938- Keorapetse William Kgositsile, South African poet and political activist, an

influential member of the African National Congress in the 1960s and 1970s, born. As one of the first to bridge the gap between African poetry and Black poetry in the United States, he was one of the first and most significant poets in the Pan-African movement.

1958-Actor, director ("The White Shadow," Sounder), Kevin Hooks, born. 1963-Iota Phi Theta Fraternity is founded at Morgan State University, Baltimore by 12

non-traditional students, older than their peers, to provide a support system for men of color during the turbulent U.S. social climate of that time. Influenced by the Black Panthers, SNCC, Malcolm X, and Stokely Carmichael, Iota brothers participated in various protests and sit-ins throughout Baltimore. They now have over 35,000 members.

1970-The Mary Tyler Moore Show premieres, chronicling small-town native Mary Richards’ life in Minneapolis. The comedy won 29 Emmys during its eight-year run. See the statute next to Macy’s in downtown Minneapolis.

1985-Nearly 10,000 people died in Mexico on September 19th and 20th in earthquakes. 1989-Gordon Parks' Learning Tree is among the first films to be registered by the National Film Registry of the Library Congress. This former Twin Cities resident who died 3-7-2006, has several relatives in this area. 1991-Hikers discover "Iceman," a 5,300-year-old frozen mummy from late Neolithic times in the Austrian-Italian Alps. 1993-Elbert R. Robinson, inventor of African American heritage, patents electric railway trolley. Historically, there is a 50% chance of getting frost in Northern Minnesota this week.

There is a FULL MOON tonight referred to as the Full Corn Moon. This full

moon’s name is attributed to Native Americans because it marked when corn was supposed to be harvested. Most often, the September full moon is actually the Harvest Moon. Friday, September 20 This is NATIONAL POW/MIA RECOGNITION DAY in the U.S. (the 3rd Friday of September). . Barcelona, Spain celebrates their city patron with the LA MERCE’ FESTIVAL from the 20

th to the 24

th.

1644-Maryland takes lead in passing laws against marriage of English women to Black men. 1830-The First National Negro Convention was held in Philadelphia agreeing to boycott slave-produced goods. 1878-Upton Sinclair, American novelist & politician who wrote The Jungle, prompting one of the nation's first pure food laws, born. 1885-Ferdinand "Jelly Roll" Morton, jazz pianist, composer, singer, orchestra leader born.

1946-Chicana artist, activist and U of CA professor of fine arts, Judith Francisca Baca,

born to Mexican American parents on this day. She is the founder and executive director of a community arts center, and is best known as the director of the mural project that created one of the largest murals in the world, the Great Wall of Los Angeles.

1963-Civil disobedience against “urban removal” in Syracuse, New York, as civil rights activists block bulldozers.

1968-Anthony "Van" Jones, U.S. environmental advocate, civil rights activist and

attorney, born. 1973-Billy Jean King won the "Battle of the Sexes" by defeating Bobby Riggs in a

tennis match. 1984-The Emmy Award-winning "The Crosby Show" premiered. Trumpeter swan cygnets are learning to fly. Saturday, September 21 Today begins a 3-day observance of TRAIL OF TEARS COMMEMORATION and motorcycle ride, a day to remember the tragic trail when American Indians were removed from their homes in the 1830s & forced to walk a trail out west. (3

rd Sat. of

Sept.) The MANKATO TRADITIONAL POW WOW (Mahkato Wacipi) will again be held (September 21-23) to honor the 38 Dakota hung by order of President Abraham Lincoln, the largest public hanging in history. The 2013 MINNESOTA RENAISSANCE FESTIVAL continues with the theme of Oktoberfest this weekend of September. Over a million volunteers participate in INTERNATIONAL COASTAL CLEANUP cleaning trash on 21,000 miles of beaches and below the water in 100 countries. (3

rd Saturday in Sept.) BELZE and MALTA

celebrate INDEPENDENCE DAY (from Britain in 1981 and 1964). ARMENIA observes independence from the Soviet Union (1991). Today is UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL DAY OF PEACE.

1815-General Andrew Jackson honors courage of black troops who fought in Battle of New Orleans. 1866-Herbert George Wells, English novelist & historian (The Time Machine, The Invisible Man, The War of the Worlds), born. "Human history," he wrote, "becomes more a race between education & catastrophe." 1897-F.W. Leslie, African American inventor patents the envelope seal. 1901- Learie Nicholas Constantine, Baron Constantine, Trinidadian-British cricketer, broadcast journalist, administrator, lawyer, and politician, born.

1904-Chief Joseph, In-Mut-Too-Yah-Lat-Lat, of the Nez Perce indigenous people, died in exile after a dramatic attempt to escape to Canada.

1912-Animator who created characters Road Runner, Wile E. Coyote, Marvin the Martian, Pepe le Pew and worked on development of Bugs Bunny, Elmer Fudd, Duffy Duck and Porky Pig, Chuck Jones, born. He also produced, directed and wrote the screenplay for TV’s “Dr. Seuss.” (d. 2002)

1917-Dr. Charles Watts, pioneering first African American certified by a surgical specialty board in NC, founder Lincoln Community Health Center, remembered for taking care of the poor and underserved, born. (d. 2004)

1944-Actress, author (Fried Green Tomatoes), Fannie Flagg, born. 1945-Sixteenth Poet Laureate of U.S., Kay Ryan born. 1947-Author of Christine, Pet Cemetery, The Shining, The Misery, The Stand, and many

more books, Stephen King, and Pulitzer Prize and Tony Award winner Marsha Norman, American playwright, screenwriter, and novelist, born. She wrote the book and lyrics for such Broadway musicals as The Secret Garden, and The Red Shoes, as well as the libretto for the musical The Color Purple.

1950-Bill Murray, comedian ("Saturday Night Live"), actor ("Ghostbusters"), born. 1957-Ethan Coen, writer, producer (Fargo), born in Minneapolis. 1967-Faith Hill, country western singer, wife of Tim McGraw, born.

1968-Talk show host, actress (Hairspray, Serial Mom), Ricki Lake, born. 1963-The War Resister’s League organizes first U.S. demonstration against the Vietnam War.

1970-"Monday Night Football" premiered.

1971-Actor Luke Wilson (The Royal Tenenbaums, Legally Blonde), born. 1981-Television personality ("The Simple Life"), Nicole Richie, daughter of musician

Lionel Richie, born. 1982-Players begin an 8-week strike against all 28 NFL teams, cutting short

the fall season. 1998-Florence (Flo-Jo) Griffith-Joyner, Olympic gold medalist in track, dies at 39 from

apparent heart seizure. Good color starts to appear on trees in low wet areas. Enjoy the prairie New England Asters in magneta and purple. Sunday, September 22 Autumn begins in the Northern Hemisphere with the AUTUMANAL EQUINOX at 2:00 P.M. EDT. It is MABON, the 2nd harvest of the Wiccan Year (northern hemisphere), OSTARA (southern hemisphere), and SHUBUN NO HI/HAGAN (Autumn equinox) for the Japanese. OKTOBERFEST is held in Munich, Germany through October 2

nd ). MALI, of

West Africa, celebrates Independence Day from France. Hastings, Minnesota has another Historic Saturday Night Cruise-In's.

1656-The first all-woman jury was empanelled in colonies at Patuxent, MD; the defendant was acquitted of murdering her child following evidence that she had not been pregnant. 1777-Today is the anniversary of the early morning ride of Tracy Richardson when the 23-year-old rode her horse to warn General George Washington of British approach. 1828-Zulu leader Shaka the Great is assassinated. 1862-The U.S. Emancipation Proclamation, in which President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed those enslaved to be free, was announced.

1903-Today is the birthday of ice cream cone designed by Italian emigrant Italo Marchiony . 1915-Xavier University, the first African American Catholic college, opens in New Orleans, LA. 1922-Chin Ning Yang, Nobel Prize winner in Physics in 1957, was born.

1925-Eliza Virginia Capers, vocal artist and stage, film, and television actress, born. Credits include a recurring role on The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, also on Marcus Welby, M.D., My Three Sons, ER, The Great White Hope, Lady Sings the Blues and many more venues on TV and films. A recipient of many awards, she founded a repertory theatre company for African American performers. (d. 2004) 1939-Mountaineer, first woman to climb mount Everest, Junko Tabei, born in Japan. 1943-British Pearl Witherington parachutes into occupied France as a secret courier.

She will later command a resistance unit, and the Germans will offer a reward of one million francs for her capture.

1950-Ralph Bunche wins Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to promote peace in the Middle East. 1954-Shari Belafonte-Harper, model, actress, daughter of Harry Belafonte, born.

1961-Scott Baio, actor ("Happy Days" and "Charles in Charge"), born. 1966-800 Puerto Rican men pledge to refuse U.S. Viet Nam era draft, stating the draft is “part of the colonial subjugation of our country.” 1976-Brazilian soccer player Ronaldo Luiz Nazario, born. 1980-Iraq invaded Iran, starting an 8-year war of over a million casualties. The Canadian geese begin to migrate south. Minnesota state birds, the common loons are gathering together on Minnesota lakes, also getting ready for their upcoming journey south. Monday, September 23 Today beings the sun sign LIBRA. This is GRITO DE LARES, the anniversary of the Puerto Rican revolt against Spain.

1838-The first female candidate for the presidency of the U.S., a stockbroker, publisher, and advocate of free love,Victoria Woodhull, born. 1863-Mary Church Terrell, African American educator, civil and women's right activist, born.

1868-Proclamation of Republic of Puerto Rico in revolt against Spanish rule: “Grito de Lares.” 1894-E. Franklin Frazier, African American educator and author of history textbook From Slavery to Freedom, born. 1889-Walter Lippman, U.S. journalist, political philosopher, and author, born. "Without criticism," he said in 1965, "and reliable and intelligent reporting, the government cannot govern." 1920-Mickey Rooney, actor (The Black Stallion, Andy Hardy movies), born. 1926-John Coltrane, jazz saxophonist, born. 1930-Ray Charles, singer("Georgia on My Mind"), composer, born, (died in 2004). 1943-Julio Iglesias, singer songwriter ("To All the Girls I've Loved Before:" with Willie Nelson), born. 1949-Bruce Springsteen, born, singer, songwriter ("Born in the U.S.A."). 1961-Actress Elizabeth Peña, (Jacob's Ladder), born. 1962-"The Jetsons" television show premiered. 1970-Folk-punk singer and songwriter Ani DeFranco, born.

1993-South Africa's parliament creates a multiracial body to oversee the end of exclusive white control of the nation. Whooping cranes begin their journey south. Haralson apples, a favorite of those in the north of the U.S., are ready for picking. Tuesday, September 24 SOUTH AFRICA celebrates HERITAGE DAY, commemorating the multicultural heritage of this nation.

1755-John Marshall, born, was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; his court was largely responsible for defining the role of that court and basic organizing principles of government.

1825-African American poet Frances E. Watkins, born. She challenged power structures in the South, talking to free former slaves about voting, land ownership and education.

1886-The Ebenezer Baptist Church founded in Atlanta, Georgia; it is one building in a group that make up the Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic Site. 1896-F. Scott Fitzgerald, American short story writer and novelist (The Great Gatsby),

born in St. Paul, MN in 1896. A theater there is named after him. 1923-Nancy Green, the world's first living trademark (Aunt Jemima), is struck and killed by an automobile in Chicago. 1936-Jim Henson, puppeteer (The Muppets) born in 1936 on this date. He died unexpectedly at the age of 53 in 1990. 1957-Desegregation of Central High School began in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957 with 9 students. 1968-The television show "60 Minutes," TV’s longest-running prime-time program, began.

1982-Olympic gymnasts Morgan and Paul Hamm, born, Ashland, Wisconsin. 1998-Under the leadership of CEO Meg Whitman, the online auctioning company eBay

has its initial public stock offering and becomes an unprecedented cyberspace success.

Canvasback ducks being southern migration. Sumac bushes redden. Did you know that Harriet Tubman created a tea from sumac berries to put babies to sleep on the Underground Railroad? Wednesday, September 25 Today is NATIONAL WOMEN'S HEALTH & FITNESS DAY in the U.S. RWANDA marks the 1961 abolition of the monarchy with REPUBLIC DAY.

1513-Vasco de Balboa, a Spanish conquistador become the first European to look upon the Pacific Ocean.

1690-Publick Occurences Both Foreign and Domestick, first newspaper published in now U.S. Considered offensive by "authorities" and immediately suppressed.

1676-Two clocks were set in motion in Greenwich, England becoming the standard time in England, Greenwich Mean Time, and the standard time for the world in 1884.

1882-The first major league baseball doubleheader played between the Providence and Worcester teams.

1897-Author William Faulkner (Sound and the Fury) was born. 1917-Hall of Fame baseball player, radio and television broadcaster for the Yankees for more than 40 years, Phil Rizzuto, born. (d. 2007)

1931-Journalist, interviewer, TV host, Barbara Walters, born. 1944-The Sequoia National Park was established in central California. 1944-Director and actor Michael Douglas ("The Streets of San Francisco, " Fatal Attraction) born.

1952-Christopher Reeve, actor (Superman) and spinal cord research advocate, born. (d. October 11, 2004) 1965-Scottie Pippen, former basketball player born. 1965-Satchel Paige, the oldest player in major-league history at an estimated 59 years, 8 months, 5 days, pitched the last game of his career on this date. He had begun his career with the Negro Baseball League. 1968-Singer and actor (Independence Day), "The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air," and many more), Will Smith, born. 1969-Welsh actress Catherine Zeta-Jones (The Mask of Zorro, Chicago), born. 1974-Barbara W. Hancock is the first African American woman to be named a White House Fellow. 1981-Sandra Day O'Connor was sworn in as the first woman associate justice on the U.S. Supreme Court on this date.

1982-Kany Garcia (Encarnita García De Jesus) Latin Grammy-winning, singer- songwriter and philanthropist, born Puerto Rico. 1991-Library of Congress inserts movie The Blood of Jesus, a 1941 race film written,

directed, and starring Spencer Williams. It is based on the poem "Weary Blues"

by Langston Hughes, and has the alternate title The Glory Road. Deer, bear, and turkey feed heavily on acorns. Thursday, September 26 The TWIN CITIES BLACK FILM FEST is this weekend; check out their website. 26

th-29.

th

1774-Johnny Appleseed, better known as John Chapman, planter of orchards and friend of wild animals, born. 1895- Alexander Lucius Twilight, first black to earn a bachelor's degree from a U.S.

college or university, at Middlebury College, Vermont, born. An educator, minister and politician, he was the first African American elected to public office as a state legislator.

1888-T.S. Eliot, Nobel prize winner, poet, playwright & critic, born. 1898-U.S. composer George Gershwin ("The Man I Love," "I Got Rhythm," opera Porgy and Bess), born. 1929-Ida S. Owens, African-American biochemist, born. She has conducted studies in

the genetics of detoxification enzymes shedding light on how the human body defends itself against poison.

1937-Bessie Smith, jazz vocalist, “Empress of the Blues,” died outside Mississippi hospital after being refused admittance due to her race. 1947-Singer, country musician, Lynne Anderson, (“Rose Garden”), born.

1948-Olivia Newton-John, actress (Grease), singer (“Physical”), born. 1957-The play “West Side Story” premiered on Broadway.

1960-The debate between presidential candidates John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon was the first to be televised.

1962-Actress Melissa Sue Anderson ("Little House on the Prairie"), born. 1985-Shamu Kalina, the first killer whale born in captivity to survive, born. She was a

gentle whale who assisted others in birthing (See Taima). She died October 4, 2010 of a bacterial infection.

1981-Tennis great Serena Williams was born in 1981 as was singer, actress, song writer, Cuban American Christina Milian. 2000-Dr. Dot Richardson, an orthopedic surgeon and a second basewoman, captains the US softball team to its second gold medal in the Olympic games in Australia. Shamu Kalina, the first killer whale born in captivity to survive, born in 1985. She died in 2010. Friday, September 27 Today is NATIVE AMERICAN DAY in the US. Catholics observe ST. VINCENT DE PAUL FEAST DAY remembering the French priest, patron of charity & co-founder of Sisters of Charity, born in 1581. The 43rd annual MINNESOTA RENAISSANCE FESTIVAL continues this weekend with the theme “Shamrocks and Shenanigans.”

1614-Twenty-seven Indians, enslaved by the English at Plymouth Bay, Massachusetts, are sold in Spain. 1657-Sophia, regent of Russia, born. She will be the first woman to rule the country.

1848-Chewing gum, an invention of American Indians, is commercially produced in US, for the first time. 1862-First black regiment mustered in U.S. after Congress finally makes the decision

the past summer to allow Blacks in the military. Frederick Douglas became a recruiter the following year as the Massachusetts 54th Regiment was formed (as in movie "Glory").

1912-First published blues composition, W.C. Handy's "Memphis Blues," goes on sale, in Memphis, TN. (The first recording of the blues was in 1895, “Laughing Song” by George W. Johnson.(Some say 1

st published Blues song went on sale in 1905)

1944-Artist, art professor, and art collector, Stephanie Pogue, is born. 1947-Singer, musician Meat Loaf (The Rocky Mountain Horror Picture Show), born.

Sepia Magazine a photojournalistic magazine styled like Look and sometimes compared to Ebony, featured articles based primarily on the achievements of African Americans debuts. It discontinued in 1983.

1954-“The Tonight Show” premiered with Steve Allen as host, Johnny Carson and Jay Leno were later hosts, and current host is Conan O’Brien. 1954-U.S. Senate Committee calls for censure of Joe McCarthy; repressive, anti- democratic era ends. 1968-Circus clown, 7th generation performer, fluent in five languages, Bello Nock, born. 1990-Last U.S. Pershing II missiles removed from Germany. Wild or field mint bursts into lavender and pink blooms along streams of Minnesota.

Saturday, September 28 The BIRTHDAY OF CONFUCIUS (祭孔大典) is observed in CHINA

and TAIWAN observes NATIONAL TEACHER’S DAY today. Some observe NATIONAL HUNTING & FISHING DAY and/or FAMILY HEALTH & FITNESS DAY in the U.S.

479 B.C.-Confucius, (Latinized name for Kung-futzu), Chinese philosopher and "Teacher of all Generations," was born on this day. 1785-David Walker, abolitionist, writer of the famous "Appeal," was born. 1829-David Walker, a freeborn Black, publishes a provocative pamphlet calling for slaves worldwide to revolt against their white masters.

1839-Frances Elizabeth Willard, U.S. educator and reformer, women's suffrage leader, president of Women's Christian Temperance Union, born. 1856-Kate Douglas Wiggin, born, organized first free kindergarten on West coast in 1878 and wrote number of children's books. 1868-The Opelousas Massacre occurred, in which an estimated 200 to 300 black

Americans were killed in one of the worst examples of Reconstruction violence in southern Louisiana.

1892-The first night football game in America played in Wyoming. 1901-"King of TV Variety," Ed Sullivan, provided showcase for many, born. (d. 1974) 1905-European Max Schmeling, best known for fighting U.S. great Joe Louis, (defeated

Louis the first time, Louis defeated him the second), born. He rejected the Nazi government's use of him as a propaganda tool to demonstrate the superiority of

the Aryan race; he was punished for this. He and Louis developed a strong friendship; he paid for Louis' funeral. (d. 2005) 1909-Al Capp, born, cartoonist who began "Sadie Hawkins Day" in "Li'l Abner strip. 1912-W. C. Handy’s “Memphis Blues” is published.

1918-Former New York Supreme Court Judge Bruce Wright, perhaps best known for setting low bail for many poor and minority defendants, born. He denounced racism in the criminal justice system and was known for his policy on bail, which prompted the Patrolmen's Benevolent Association to call him "Turn 'Em Loose Bruce." (d. 2005)

1934-Animal rights activist, actress, Brigitte Bardot (Viva Maria), born. 1935-Singer Koko Taylor (born Cora Walton), “Queen of the Blues,” known primarily for her powerful vocals and traditional blues style, born. (d. 2009) She won 25 W.

C. Handy Awards (more than any other artist) and was in films Blues Brothers 2000 and Wild at Heart.

1962-Comedian, television personality (“House Hunters”), actress (“Las Vegas”), Suzanne Whang, born.

1973-Gwyneth Paltrow, actress (Emma, Shakespeare in Love), born. 1977-World Golf Hall of Famer Se Ri Pak, South Korean professional golfer, born. 1987-Actress (A Cinderella Story, "Lizzie McGuire"), Hilary Duff, born.

Black walnuts start to drop from trees (check them out at Mpls. North Commons Park’s SE corner. Sunday, September 29 Today is MICHAELMAS, the FEAST of ST. MICHAEL in GREEK & ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES. 1829-First appearance of respected Scotland Yard London police officers known as "bobbies." (Responsible for "busting" plot to plant bombs on airplanes in summer of 2006) 1907-The US’s favorite singing cowboy, Gene Autry, born. d. 1998

1908-The first African American athlete to win two gold medals (1932 Olympics), Eddie Tolan, born. 1920-The National Urban League founded in New York City.

1935-Singer, musician Jerry Lee Lewis (“Whole Lot of Shakin’ Goin’ On”), born. 1943-Lech Walsea, Poland labor leader and Solidarity founder, born. 1948-TV host & sportscaster Bryant Gumbel born in New Orleans.

1955- Gwendolyn Louise Ifill, journalist, television newscaster and author, the managing editor and moderator for Washington Week (PBS) and a senior correspondent for The News Hour (PBS), born. A political analyst, she moderated the 2004 and 2008 Vice Presidential debates.

1974-The US Congress passes the Equal Credit Opportunity Act. 1980-The Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture opened a new $3.8

million building in New York City. 1988-First U.S. manned space flight since the Challenger tragedy of 1986, space shuttle Discovery, launched. 1997-The country of Brazil agrees to accept thousands of African refugees fleeing the war in Angola. 1998-Tom Bradley, first African American mayor of Los Angeles, dies. 2002-As many as 500,000 protest in London against British and U.S. plans for a “preemptive” invasion of Iraq. 2008-Largest Dow Jones drop in history with 777.68 points

Bees and hornets get drunk on rotted fruit.

This is the time of the Spring Tides, the highest tides of the oceans. The term refers to the

action of the seas springing out and then springing back. These are times of high high tides and

low low tides.The name is rooted in German word springen, meaning "to leap up."

Monday, September 30 CHINA celebrates with a MID AUTUMN FESTIVAL

(simplified Chinese: 中秋节; traditional Chinese: 中秋節). BOTSWANA INDEPENDENCE DAY

(from England) is observed today and tomorrow. 1452-The first book printed from movable type, a Bible, was published in Germany by Johann Gutenberg. 1630-One of first Pilgrims to land in now U.S., John Billington, hanged for murder, becoming the first criminal to be executed in the colonies. 1641-The first annual fair in America began in New Netherlands (now New Jersey and New York). 1765- José María Teclo Morelos y Pavón, Mexican Roman Catholic priest and

revolutionary rebel leader who led the Mexican War of Independence movement, assuming its leadership after the execution of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla in1811.

1852-The last bison east of the Mississippi River was killed in Wisconsin. 1854-The Treaty of the Anishinabe of Wisconsin and Minnesota giving spear fishing and hunting rights was signed on this day. 1922-Oscar Pettiford birthday, an American jazz double bassist, cellist and composer

known particularly for his pioneering work in bebop, born. His contribution to music is memorialized in Smithsonian’s American Indian Museum. He was raised and got his artistic start in North Mpls.; his sister-in-law, Jeanne Pettiford resides in the Henry neighborhood.

1924-U.S. novelist and literary celebrity Truman Capote (Breakfast at Tiffany's, In Cold Blood), born. (d. 1984) 1927-Babe Ruth set a record for home runs in with 60. (Roger Marius broke that record in 1961 with 61; Mark McGuire hit 62 in 1998; Barry Bonds broke that record in 2001. 1928-Author, human rights activist, Nobel Peace Price recipient, Holocaust survivors’ storyteller, Elie Wiesel, born.

1931-Actor Angie Dickinson, star of the 1970s television show Police Woman, is born. 1935-Singer Johnny Mathis ("Chances Are" "It's Not For Me to Say"), whose than 350

million records and albums have been sold, born. 1938- The Baltimore Elite Giants, professional baseball team that played in the Negro Leagues from 1920 to 1950, founded.

1943-Member of singing group The Fifth Dimension (“Up, Up and Away”), Marilyn McCoo, born. 1957-Actress ("The Nanny," Jack), Fran Drescher, born. 1960-Haleakala National Park established in Hawaii. 1962-The National Farm Workers Association was founded by Cesar Chavez. In that same year, rioting broke out when James Meredith became the first black to enroll in the all-white University of Mississippi. 1972-Guadalupe Mountains National Park established on Texas-New Mexico border. 1980-Tennis player Martina Hingis was born on this day in Slovakia.

1981-Olympic gold medal gymnast Dominique Moceanu, born. 1982-“Cheers,” a sitcom revolving around the people of a Boston bar, premiered. (Last episode, 1993) Cool nights above freezing and sunny days produce the best full color in fall leaves.

June 2013 The annual reunion of the ORPHAN TRAIN HERITAGE SOCIETY OF AMERICA

gathers in Concordia, KS this month at the OTHSA museum, plus regional reunions are held in Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas, Texas, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, California, Louisiana, Nebraska and Minnesota, bring together survivors of the orphan trains era and their descendants. Last weekend of May: VIVA! CHICAGO LATIN MUSIC FESTIVAL is today and this evening.