SEPTEMBER 2015 NNECT 1 2 3nieutah.com › uploads › 2015SeptConnect.nie.pdf · Guide to total lunar eclipses Types of lunar eclipses BLOOD MOON Total lunar eclipses are sometimes

Lunar eclipseSEPTEMBER 6, 2012

NNECTYour Fami ly • Community • Wor ld

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SEPTEMBER 2015

THISMONTH 1: LUNDAR ECLIPSE 2: DIVERSITY 3: CONSTITUTION

TOM SMART, DESERET NEWS

A Lunar Eclipse over the Utah State Capitol Dome, Tuesday, April 15, 2014, in Salt Lake City.

THE MOON is about 2,160 miles in diam-eter. It has no light

of its own. It is illuminated by sunlight refliected from its surface. A lunar eclipse happens

when the Earth casts a shadow that blocks sun-light that normally reflects off of the moon. A total lunar eclipse can only hap-pen when the sun, Earth and moon are perfectly aligned. During the time of total eclipse, the moon will often look reddish due to red and orange light being scattered by the atmosphere. This eerie, harmless effect has earned the tongue-in-cheek nick-name “blood moon.”

Money tipsfor teens

Utah is one of a handful of states in the country that requires teenagers to learn about financial literacy. But with so much information out there, what are some of the things teens need to know? Here are a few of the big issues high schoolers might face when it comes to finance:

Credit cardsYou should avoid using a cred-

it card when you can’t afford to pay cash. Only use cards when you know you can pay off your balance in full each month.

Savings accountsLook for a savings account

that fits your needs. Mountain America offers a variety of savings accounts designed for different age groups that provide special advantages for each, as well as competitive interest rates.

Education planningWant to go to college or at-

tend a special training program after high school? You’d better find out how much it costs. More graduates of post-high school education programs than ever before are leaving school with enormous debt. So if you plan to further your education, get a financial plan in place.

MONEY TIPS

$$$

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SEPTEMBER 2015

Types of lunar eclipsesGuide to total lunar eclipses

BLOOD MOONTotal lunar eclipses are sometimes called “blood moons” because of the Moon’s reddish glow during totality.

A STRAIGHT LINEA total lunar eclipses occurs when Sun, Earth

and Moon form a straight line and the Earth casts its shadow on the Moon’s surface.

EARTHMOON

PENUMBRA

UMBRA

SUN

FULL MOONLunar eclipses happen only when there is a full moon.

SHADES OF REDThe fully eclipsed moon can take on a different colors, ranging from pale orange to dark red depending on the quality of the Earth’s atmosphere.

DANJON SCALE5 point scale to mea-sure brightness of the moon during a lunar eclipse.

0. Very dark eclipse. Moon almost invisible.

1. Dark eclipse. Gray or brown in color.

2. Rust-colored eclipse. Dark central shadow with lighter area on the outer edge.

3. Brick-red eclipse. Umbral shadow may have a yellow edge.

4. Copper-red or orange eclipse. Umbral shadow may have a turquoise/bluish edge.

SOURCE: timeanddate.com/eclipse

A lunar eclipse can only occur at full moon, and only if the moon passes through some portion of Earth’s shadow. That shadow is actually composed of two cone-shaped components, one nested inside the other. The outer or penumbral shadow is a zone where the Earth blocks part but not all of the sun’s rays from reaching the moon. The inner or umbral shadow is a region where the Earth blocks all direct sunlight from reaching the moon.

There are three basic types of lunar eclipses:

1. Penumbral lunar eclipseThe moon passes through Earth’s penum-

bral shadow.These events are of only academic inter-

est because they are subtle and hard to observe.

2. Partial lunar eclipseA portion of the moon passes through

Earth’s umbral shadow.These events are easy to see, even with

the unaided eye.

3. Total Lunar eclipseThe entire moon passes through Earth’s

umbral shadow.These events are quite striking due to the

moon’s vibrant red color during the total phase (totality).

– www.mreclipse.com

JEFFREY D. ALLRED, DESERET NEWS

A sequence of photographs shows the progres-sion of a total lunar eclipse over the Salt Lake Valley in the early morning Wednesday, Oct. 8, 2014. During a total lunar eclipse, Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, cast-ing a shadow over the surface of the Moon. With only red light able to pass through Earth’s atmosphere and shadow, an ethereal red glow appears across the surface of the Moon.



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Observing lunar eclipsesUnlike solar eclipses, lunar eclipses are completely safe to watch. You don’t need any kind of protective filters. It isn’t even necessary to use a telescope. You can watch the lunar eclipse with nothing more than your own two eyes. If you have a pair of binoculars, they will help magnify the view and will make the red coloration brighter and easier to see.

– www.mreclipse.com

SHUTTERSTOCK

DID YOU KNOW?● Everyone on the night side of the Earth can see the eclipse.

● On average, a total lunar eclipse can be seen from any given location every 2.5 years.

● Moon’s speed through the shadow is about 0.621 miles per second. So, totality of eclipse may last up to nearly 107 minutes and maximum of 3 hours and 40 minutes.

● Lunar eclipses can never happen more than three times a year.

● Lunar eclipses are visible over an entire hemisphere.

● Usually eclipses alternate from solar to

lunar.

● The Egyptians had a myth that the eclipse is a sow swallowing the moon for a short time.

● In ancient times, a total lunar eclipse or disappearance of the Moon meant that the gods were angry with the people.

● The word “eclipse” comes from the Greek word “ekleipsis” which means “abandon-ment” or “downfall.”

● The moon is about 27 percent the size of Earth and far less massive. Gravity on the moon is only about 1/6 of that on Earth. If you drop a rock on the moon, it falls more

slowly (and astronauts can hop much high-er).

● If you weigh 150 pounds on Earth, you’d weigh 25 pounds on the moon.

● Each year, the moon steals some of Earth’s rotational energy, and uses it to pro-pel itself about 1.6 inches higher in its orbit.

● Researchers say that when it formed about 4.6 billion years ago, the moon was about 14,000 miles from Earth. It’s now more than 280,000 miles, or away.

SOURCES: www.livescience.com , timeanddate.com/eclipse, www.mreclipse.com, www.22facts.

com, ducksters.com,



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If you would like to receive FREE copies of Connect 1•2•3 for your classroom, order on the Web at deseretnews.com/nie.

Connect 1•2•3 is a FREE monthly educational section available only to schools through the Deseret News. Published by the Deseret News Newspapers in Education.

Connect 1•2•3NIE Deseret News55 N. 300 WestSalt Lake City, UT 84101801-237-2172

NIE director: Cindy RichardsArt director: Heather Tuttle

SEPTEMBER 2015

Calling all stargazers

4th-6th grade“Cosmic,” by Frank Cottrell Boyce“A Black Hole is Not a Hole,” by Carolyn Cinami DeCristofano“Moonshot: The Flight of Apollo 11,” by Brian Floca“Space Case: A Moon Base Alpha Novel,” by Stuart Gibbs“The Mighty Mars Rovers: The Incredible Adven-tures of Spirit and Opportunity (Scientists in the Field Series),” by Elizabeth Rusch

Young adult“Journey by Starlight: A Time Traveler’s Guide to Life, the Universe, and Ev-erything,” by Ian Flitcroft and Britt Spencer“Hubble’s Universe,” by Terence Dickinson“172 Hours on the Moon,” by Johan Harstad “Aristotle and Dante Dis-cover the Secrets of the Universe,” by Benjamin Alire Saenz“Night Sky,” by Giles Sparrow

If you love looking at the night sky and all things spacey, then head to the Salt Lake City Public Library on Sept. 27 and attend the Lunar Eclipse Viewing Party. The Clark Planetarium is setting up telescopes on the rooftop of main branch down-town from 6:30-9 p.m. at the main branch. For more information visit www.slcpl.lib.ut.us

Before the party, you can check out these fun spaced themed books chosen by the librarians at the SLC library.

WORD SCRAMBLE

RUALN

LISECEP

MNILUDIATLE

TMPOSAREEH

HNLSIGUT

RAENBUMP

HTARE

WADSOH

SEPHA

INTHG

LUNARECLIPSEILLUMINATEDATMOSPHERESUNLIGHT

PENUMBRAEARTHSHADOWPHASENIGHT

DIVERSITY

The changing face of Utah

· BY MARJORIE CORTEZDESERET NEWS

Did you know that minorities make up one-fifth of Utah’s

population? And did you know that in Salt Lake City, a quar-ter of the city’s residents are minorities, many of whom are refugees? More than 25,000 refugees have lived in the Salt Lake area for 30 or more years. The refugees come from all parts of the world such as Ethiopia, Iraq, Burma, Somalia, Sudan, and Vietnam, just to name a few.

SEE DIVERSITY PAGE 2

SHUTTERSTOCK.COM


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SEPTEMBER 2015



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SEPTEMBER 2015

Pitch thepiggy bank

The younger you are when you learn about money, the easier it will be to deal with bills and other adult issues later in life. So don’t hide your money in a piggy bank — ask your mom and dad to take you to your family financial institu-tion to open a savings account of your own.

How money worksYou need money to buy

things. If you don’t have enough to get the things you want, you need to save your money until you do.

Saving your moneyIf you get an allowance from

mom and dad or you have your own job, you’ll need somewhere to put your money, and having your own savings account gives you the perfect place.

A savings account can help you set goals to get the things you want. You can even earn interest that will increase your savings — a piggy bank won’t pay you interest.

Spending your moneyOnce you’ve reached your

goal, you can withdraw the money you need, or you can keep saving and see how big your account grows!

How did this get started? After the Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II, immigration to the United States slowed to a trickle. In those days, Americans were primarily “native born, mostly Protestant, mostly white, English speaking and very homogenous,” said Pamela Perlich, a University of Utah research economist who studies the Census and other demo-graphic trends. The population was so alike that most baby boomers even learned to read with the same basic textbooks, commonly known as Dick and Jane readers. Now minority groups make up more than half of all births nationwide. The change in the nation’s demographics is because of the rise of legal immi-grants, refugees and undocumented workers who came to the United States seeking opportunity, partic-ularly during the economic boom. The soaring economy also drew thousands of people to the Beehive

State, resulting in an increasingly diverse Utah.

Not only is Utah’s population changing, the schools you attend are changing as well. Schools have become melting pots. A melting pot is a place where different peoples, styles, theories, etc., are mixed to-gether. More than half of Salt Lake’s elementary schools have mostly

minority students. Minorities have historically had lower rates of suc-cess in school, but they are now im-proving in their test scores because of a reading program called Read Today. You may have participated in this program. The Utah Legisla-ture is encouraging its citizens to view education as an investment in Utah’s future.

DIVERSITY FROM PAGE 1

SOURCES: U.S. Census Bureau, University of Utah Bureau of Economic and Business Research DESERET NEWS GRAPHIC

Share of the population that is of minority descent

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

BY AGE GROUP, 2010

<5 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 55-5950-54 65-6960-64 75-7970-74 85+80-84

SALT LAKE CITYSALT LAKE COUNTY

UTAH

U.S.


Foreign-born in United States

20101980 1990 20001960 19701940 19501920 193019101900

SHARE OF THE POPULATION THAT WAS FOREIGN-BORN

0%

5%

10%

15% 14.7%12.5%

14.7%12.5%

95%Europe

62%Latin America

Utah’s foreign-born population: 1900 vs. 20102.5%Asia

3%Africa

3%NorthAmerica4%

Oceania

11%Europe

17%Asia

2.5%North America

20101900


MONEY TIPS



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· BY KATE DE GROOTE WEST VALLEY CITY — Cultures are

so wonderfully different from each other. They have their own foods, languages and gatherings. Many cultures come together in each neighborhood. It is expected that by 2040 in Utah, there will be more babies born from various ethnic backgrounds than white babies. There are a variety of ways that families try to keep their native back-grounds alive.

It is important to many parents that their children learn and speak their original language. Some do not allow English to be spoken in their homes. The children know English and speak it in school, but when they are home, the native tongue is used in order to preserve it to be passed down from generation to generation. Tatjana Micic, a Bosnian refuge, felt strongly that this was the right thing for her family to do when they came to the U.S. Her twin daughters were seven years old when they came over and have kept fluent ever since (they are now 25).

Preparing and using traditional foods is another way to keep the culture active after

moving to America. South American trans-plants enjoy drinking mate, a brewed herb drink. People from Mexico, such as Sara Ortega, 14, have their own favorites. The Ortega family enjoys tinga, a chicken dish with hot peppers and caramel.

Alaina Atkinson, 13, has been to Germany four times because her mother is from there originally. Her mother occasionally makes German food, such as schnitzel (breaded meat), German pancakes, leke with cream sauce, and special cookies. Her German heritage is an important part of her life.

Ceremonies and coming of age traditions are very popular among some communities. Families from Mexico, Argentina and other Spanish speaking countries celebrate young women turning 15 years old with a cere-mony called a quinceañera. It is a way of sending her into womanhood.

Ally Lopez, now 23, remembers fondly her quinceañera. Some of the traditions she took part in were dancing with her best guy, a daddy-daughter dance, having friends take part and the last present. “The last present is like the last gift of your childhood,” she says. “It is usually a doll.” Her celebration’s theme was butterflies.

Ally adds, “My favorite part was dancing with my best friends.”

Every family’s heritage is celebrated in unique ways. For some, it involves specific foods and other traditions, but the import-ant thing is that we are all important, no matter where we come from.

Lois Collins contributed to this article.

TraditionsKEEPING CULTURE FUN AND ALIVE

Chicken TingaIngredients2 tablespoons olive oil1 large onion, cut into rings1 (15 ounce) can stewed tomatoes1 (7 ounce) can chipotle peppers in adobo sauce, or to taste2 pounds shredded cooked chicken meat16 tostada shells1/2 cup sour cream

DirectionsHeat olive oil in a saucepan over medium heat. Add the onions; cook and stir until softened and translucent, about 5 minutes. Meanwhile, puree the tomatoes with chipotle peppers and adobo sauce to taste. Pour into the onions, and add chicken. Cover, and simmer for 20 minutes.To serve, mound the chicken onto tostada shells, and garnish with a dollop of sour cream.

SOURCE: Recipes from allrecipes.com

Wiener SchnitzelIngredients2 pounds veal1 cup all-pur-pose flour4 eggs1 tablespoon vegetable oilsalt and pepper to taste4 cups bread crumbs1/8 cup oil for frying

DirectionsCut the veal into steaks, about as thick as your finger. Dredge in flour. In a shallow dish, beat the eggs with 1 tablespoon oil, salt and pepper. Coat the veal with egg mixture, then with bread crumbs.Heat 1/4 cup oil in a heavy skillet over medium heat. Fry veal until golden brown, about 5 minutes on each side.

Each year, Americans observe National Hispanic Heritage Month by celebrating the histories, cultures and contributions of American citizens whose ancestors came from Spain, Mexico, the Caribbean and Central and South America.

The observation started in 1968 as Hispanic Heritage Week under President Lyndon Johnson and was expanded by President Ronald Reagan in 1988 to cover a 30-day period starting on September 15 and ending on October 15. It was enacted into law on August 17, 1988, on the approval of Public Law 100-402.

The day of September 15 is significant because it is the an-niversary of independence for Latin American countries Cos-ta Rica, El Salvador, Guatema-la, Honduras and Nicaragua. In addition, Mexico and Chile celebrate their independence days on September 16 and September18, respectively. Also, Columbus Day or Día de la Raza, which is October 12, falls within this 30 day period.SOURCE: http://hispanicheritagemonth.gov/about/

To learn more about Hispanic Heritage Month and events sur-

rounding it, visit www.okespanol.com

HISPANIC HERITAGE MONTH

SEPTEMBER 15TO OCTOBER 15

HUNTSRECIPES.COM

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SEPTEMBER 2015

Do your parents read to you?

According to a new survey from Scholastic , most parents let their kids read by themselves once they can read alone.

But many kids wish they were still reading with their parents. The survey found 54 percent of kids under the age of 5 are read to by their parents, almost every day; about 33 percent of kids ages 6 to 8 read aloud with parents; but only 17 percent of kids ages 9 to 11 read with their parents. About 40 percent of those kids wish their parents would still read with them, the survey found.

Eighty-three percent of the kids surveyed said they “loved it” or “liked it a lot” when they were read to at home by their mom or dad.

It’s not the stories they enjoy; it’s the connection.

KSL’s Read Today program sup-ports schools and families to help children gain a love of reading.

To receive a FREE book to read with your family, email

[email protected]

Activities

Papa potatoPapá fatherCarro car Bicicleta bicycleSol sunHelado ice creamMamá motherPelota ballPastel cakeMaestro teacherBanano bananaAgua waterGracias thank youZapatos shoesLuna moonSilencio silentTeléfono telephoneComputadora computerPelícula movieHermano brotherHermana sisterAbuelo grandpaAbuela grandmaHamburguesa hamburgerDe nada you’re welcomeHola helloPerro dogGato catChévere awesome

J L A E U O R K U V H Q A A H A

W X R T M A E S T R O B S C A K

Z K O S G X T Q X S U E F T W Q

L Z D G E O Z M E E U O O L Z F

Z T A S Q D Z Y L G P L B Q L Y

L T T P V P A O R D E E F R J E

O L U F A D E U D P E V R O B O

H T P S A T B L Y A N K G R W S

A Q M N A M O A Í A L O H W O I

B A O Q A I P S N C J E P Z Q L

U H C H P P C W P U U P H T A E

E R E V É H C A E A L L E U N N

L T S C A R R O R R P L A O A C

A A F B S Y Q N M G É Á N L M I

B I C I C L E T A F O A S E R O

O N A N A B I G O F M G O T E R

P A P A Á B W N A R R U L S H E

Q U J K M E O N E G P A F A X A

C R X C A U A H Z U D V F P J R

O Y O Q M V I D Q L P E F F F W

Check out the words and phrases in spanish followed by the english translation below. Then find the spanish words in the puzzle to the right

With a partner, create a newspaper ad for a Cinco de Mayo festival or other Hispanic-Amer-ican celebration. Before you design the ad, discuss whom the ad will target. Display the ads on a classroom or school bulletin board. J L A E U O R K U V H Q A A H A

W X R T M A E S T R O B S C A K

Z K O S G X T Q X S U E F T W Q

L Z D G E O Z M E E U O O L Z F

Z T A S Q D Z Y L G P L B Q L Y

L T T P V P A O R D E E F R J E

O L U F A D E U D P E V R O B O

H T P S A T B L Y A N K G R W S

A Q M N A M O A Í A L O H W O I

B A O Q A I P S N C J E P Z Q L

U H C H P P C W P U U P H T A E

E R E V É H C A E A L L E U N N

L T S C A R R O R R P L A O A C

A A F B S Y Q N M G É Á N L M I

B I C I C L E T A F O A S E R O

O N A N A B I G O F M G O T E R

P A P A Á B W N A R R U L S H E

Q U J K M E O N E G P A F A X A

C R X C A U A H Z U D V F P J R

O Y O Q M V I D Q L P E F F F W


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SEPTEMBER 2015

CAN YOU IMAGINE the future? What will your life be like 10 years from now? Or when you are 70 years old? We like to think of the new inventions that will make life different in the future. In this issue of Connect we are looking at inventors and

inventions. But the future is invented by all of us — not just engineers and astronauts. We write and paint the future. We dream

up the future. We grow the future. Artists and dream-

ers, mechanics and builders, anyone with imagination is help-ing create the future.

We want to encour-age everyone, no matter

what your age, to think of yourself as a dreamer and an inventor. The future belongs to all of us, and we will imagine it

together. And that is what

we mean when we say together, “I Am the Future.”

Creativity

Summer has come and gone, and fall is approaching — it’s back to school. Whether you’re walking,

riding or driving to school, here are a few safety tips to help keep you

safe:

Obey tra�c laws. Always use crosswalks and obey all tra�c

signs, signals and o�cers.

Get on and o buses safely. Stay at least 10 feet away from a bus until it’s time to get on. Look both ways before

stepping o� the bus or crossing the street. Make sure a car isn’t coming. Remember, you might see them but they might NOT

see you.

Two is always better than one. Walk to and from school with a friend, sibling, or

neighbor. �ere is safety in numbers.

Avoid strangers. Most abductions occur within a quarter of a mile from a victims home; don’t talk to or accept rides from

strangers.

Always wear a helmet when biking, skateboarding or riding a scooter. It’s

estimated that 75% of fatal head injuries could have been prevented with a helmet.

In your rush to make it to school on time or in your excitement to

be home after a long day at school do what’s safe over what’s

convenient.

SAFETY FIRST

Back to school

Remember, safety first



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Daniel Jackling (1869-1956) Pioneered and developed methods of processing low-grade ores; founded Utah Copper Co., forerunner of Kennecott. Moved to Mercur in 1896; lived in Utah until 1915. During World War I, he served as director of U.S. government explosive plants.

Harvey Fletcher (1884-1981) Considered the father of stereophonic sound. Born in Provo. Credited with more than 20 inventions in sound, including the first hearing aid.

Marriner S. Eccles (1890-1977) Banker, born in Logan; helped create World Bank and International Monetary Fund as well as structure the Federal Reserve System. Federal Reserve Building in Washington, D.C., is named a�er him.

J. Willard Marriott (1900-1985) Developed the drive-in restaurant; business expanded to include hotels. Born and raised on a ranch near Ogden. Among the buildings that bear his name are the Marriott Center at BYU and the Marriott Library at the U.

Henry Eyring (1901-1981) Chemist and researcher noted for work in molecular reactions. Dean of the University of Utah grad-uate school for 20 years. Received highest awards in chemistry, including Joseph Priestly Medal and the Wolf Prize.

Philo T. Farnsworth (1906-1971) Considered the father of electronic television. Born near Beaver. First invention was a the�-proof ignition switch, which won him $25 from Science and Invention Magazine in 1919.

Esther E. Peterson (1906-1997) Consumer adviser to three U.S. presidents (Kennedy, Johnson, Carter) and international consumer rights activist. Born and raised in Provo. Was instrumental in introducing such things as unit pricing, open dating and nutritional labeling.

Wilbur L. Gore (1912-1986) Developed waterproof fabric Gore-Tex. Born in Alpine; graduated from Westminster College and U. Gore-Tex was created in 1976 during attempt to stretch PTFE (Teflon).

Jon M. Huntsman (1937-) Businesss and humanitarian; his companies pioneered petrochemical products and packaging. Spent boyhood years in Fillmore; established Huntsman Chemical Corp. in Salt Lake. Humanitarian e�orts include earthquake relief in Armenia in 1988 and establishment of a cancer research center at the University of Utah.

FAMOUSINVENTORS

with tiesto Utah

John M. Browning (1855-1926) Gunsmith and inventor. Established gun shop in Ogden in 1852. Called the “greatest firearms inventor the world has ever known.”

John M. Browning

A patent is a document that grants an inventor sole rights to an invention. Even before the United States had a formal legal system, our early lawmakers understood that if inventors were rewarded, it would encourage economic progress. Patent protection was granted in the Colonies as early as 1641. In 1787, the Constitution said that “the Congress shall have power... to promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries.” Three years later the first federal U.S. Patent Act was signed by

President George Washing-ton. In 1790, Samuel Hopkins of Philadelphia was granted the first U.S. patent for a cleaning formula used in soap-making. Abraham Lincoln praised the patent system when he said, “The patent system added the fuel of interest to the fire of genius.” A patent grants an inventor the right to own his own ideas and control what happens to them in the marketplace. According to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the federal agency in Arlington, Va., that issues patents, a new patent is awarded every six minutes. It takes an average of 22 months to get one.

Patents

Necessity is the mother of invention

Economic needs - �e cotton gin cleaned cotton quicker so it could be spun and woven faster to produce more fabric.

Military needs - Radar was invented to detect objects in war and now is used in aviation and weather forecasting.

Social needs -�e hypodermic syringe allowed drugs to be given more e�ectively to protect people from disease; and the vacuum cleaner made life more comfortable and easier.

INVENTION

When something in nature is found or noticed for the first time, it is a discovery. When something is created that didn’t exist before, the result is an invention.

THE INVENTIVE PROCESS

Unless an invention can fill people’s economic needs, military needs or social needs, it may never be successful.

Recognize a need

Combine knowledge, skills and materials

Create a new and useful invention

EX

AM

PL

ES

Discovery vs. invention

PHOTO FROM WIKIPEDIA

A cotton gin on display at the Eli Whitney Museum.

Credit cards vs. debit cardsDo you know the difference?

One important lesson every teen should learn is the differ-ence between credit cards and debit cards.

At a glance, the two cards look pretty much the same — rectangular bits of plastic with a design or logo on the front, some raised letters and numbers and a magnetic strip. Here are some details to get things cleared up.Credit card: Credit cards let you borrow small amounts of money from a credit union or other financial institution in order to make a purchase. But beware: This isn’t free money. Not only will you have to pay back the money you borrowed, you have to pay for the privilege of borrowing it. For every dollar you spend with a credit card, lenders will charge you a little bit in the form of interest. Debit card: Unlike a credit card, which lets you borrow money to make a purchase, debit cards use your own money, taking it directly from your checking account. These cards are pretty handy: There are no interest payments, they work like cash and you don’t even have to sign for your purchases — you can just punch in your PIN code. They also work at ATMs and are accepted everywhere you can use a credit card.

MONEY TIPS



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DESIGNER OF THE FUTURE In a very long career, Raymond Loewy designed and improved

thousands of products. He made steam locomotives look glamorous and designed cars that looked as if they were fly-ing. But his real genius was to make every day

things simpler and easier to use, but at the same time, more appealing. As a child, Loewy filled his school notebooks with sketches of locomo-tives, automobiles and airplanes. But his real pleasure was in doing things and building things. When he was 15, he designed, built and flew a toy airplane that won a famous prize

Raymond Loewy

Philo’s early sketch for his chemistry teacher.

Raymond Loewy standing on one of his designs, the Pennsylvania Railroad's S1 steam locomotive.

Patent: to secure exclusive right to produce, use and sell an invention.

in 1908. The very next year he was selling models of the plane. Later in school, he studied engineering, but his first job was drawing fashion illus-trations. He was a designer who thought like an inventor. Every design led him to new questions, and he questioned everything. How could a chair be made more comfortable? Why did refrigerators have to be white? Could a train be made quieter? Life Magazine selected Loewy as one of the 100 most influential Americans of the 20th century. He is famous for designs that felt full of power and movement. They seemed to be a vision of the future — a future that was better, more beautiful and full of promise. Loewy wrote a book with a title that sums up his career: “Never Leave Well Enough Alone.” Loewy’s goal for design was “beau-ty through function and simplifica-tion.”

Library of Congress

HILO FARNSWORTH IS KNOWN for his inventions that made television possible. He was born in 1906 in southwestern Utah in a log cabin built by his grandfather. As a young boy, he loved to

read Popular Science magazine and science books. At the age of 12 he built his first electric motor and used it to create his family’s first washing machine. Then when Farnsworth was still in high school in Rigby, Idaho, he had the idea of sending pictures electronical-ly. In 1922 Farnsworth sketched out for his chemistry teacher his idea for a vacuum tube that could revolution-ize television by making it completely electronic. He attended Brigham Young University but had to leave school to start working after his father died. However, he continued his research on television and in 1927, demonstrated the first all-electronic television. In 1929 he became the first inventor to transmit a picture elec-tronically. Over the span of his life, Farnsworth invented more than 165 different devices.

ELECTRONICTELEVISION

PhiloFarnsworth

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Have you ever invented anything? You may not have built a new machine, but you have invented your own special ways of doing things. Every time we solve a new problem, we are using our imagina-tion. That’s how inventors turn dreams into reality!

Can you imagine a simpler invention than the Popsicle™? One hundred years ago Frank Epperson made a discovery when he was 11 years old. On a cold night he left his fruit-flavored soda outside with a wooden stirring stick in it. The drink was frozen and the stick made a handle. Epperson never forgot his idea, and 18 years later he applied for a patent for flavored “ice on a stick.” He named it the “Epsicle ice pop,” but his children liked to call it the Popsicle. The catchier name that the chil-dren invented is the name we still use today.

Websites for more informationMassachusetts Institute of Technology - http://web.mit.edu/

By Kids, For Kids - kid inventors: http://www.bkfk.com/

Inventions by Kids - http://inventors.about.com/cs/kidinventions/

U.S. Patent & Trademark for Kids - www.uspto.gov/go/kids/



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SEPTEMBER 2015

Do your parents read to you?

According to a new survey from Scholastic , most parents let their kids read by themselves once they can read alone.

But many kids wish they were still reading with their parents. The survey found 54 percent of kids under the age of 5 are read to by their parents, almost every day; about 33 percent of kids ages 6 to 8 read aloud with parents; but only 17 percent of kids ages 9 to 11 read with their parents. About 40 percent of those kids wish their parents would still read with them, the survey found.

Eighty-three percent of the kids surveyed said they “loved it” or “liked it a lot” when they were read to at home by their mom or dad.

It’s not the stories they enjoy; it’s the connection.

KSL’s Read Today program sup-ports schools and families to help children gain a love of reading.

To receive a FREE book to read with your family, email

[email protected]

3500 B.C.WheelAllowed larger loads of goods to be moved more easily.100 B.C. PaperChinese invented easier means to record, transport and save writing. WritingSumerians developed a system that allowed ideas and informa-tion to be saved for later use and to be transported long distances.1100 A. D Magnetic compassChinese invented a way to navi-gate a ship without sighting land, stars or sun, which advanced exploration and trade.1200 GunpowderInvented in Asia earlier, gunpow-der reached Europe and foreverchanged how wars were fought.

1400 Printing with movable typeJohannes Gutenberg from Ger-many combined movable type (which had first been invented in China by Bi Sheng) with ink, paper and the press to inventthe first mass communication.1690Steam engineFirst invented in 1690. James-Watt, Scotland, improved it so much in the 1760s that it be-came the main source of power for transportation and industry.1795Food canningThis method of preserving food allowed people to store food to use as needed.1826PhotographyFrench physicist Joseph Nicephore Niepce first recorded images on plates, leading tothe paper and film images we use today .

1831Electromagnetic induction(electricity)

Michael Faraday, England, and Joseph Henry, U.S., both dis-covered the principle behind electricity, which has led to many inventions.

1876TelephoneAlexander Graham Bell patented this invention, allowing people to communicate quickly over long distances, used across the world by millions. 1879Electric lightJust one of Thomas A.Edison’s 1,093 patents, electric lightingchanged the way of life of people across the globe. 1895RadioGuglielmo Marconi from

Italy sent the first radio signals through air and revolutionized communication. 1903 AirplaneWilbur and Orville Wright made their first successful flight, lead-ing the way for a major change in travel, with the ability to go long distances in a short time.

1922TelevisionPhilo T. Farnsworth, a 16-year-

old high school student, described his idea for a camera

tube to his physics. teacher, later receiving a patent for it.1926Liquid-fuel rocketRobert H. Goddard, considered the father of the modern rocket,

successfully launched the first liquid-propellant rocket, leading to military

use, space exploration and other uses. 1952 Polio vaccine Jonas E. Salk developed a vac-cine that could finally control thisworldwide, debilitating disease.

SOME INVENTIONS THAT CHANGED THE

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SEPTEMBER 2015 NNECT 1 2 3nieutah.com › uploads › 2015SeptConnect.nie.pdf · Guide to total lunar eclipses Types of lunar eclipses BLOOD MOON Total lunar eclipses are sometimes