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Separation Process Technology

S. Basu

Department of Chemical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

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Clean air 

Recycle contaminant

Effluent air 

By-products

Products

Recycle contaminant

Impurity

Clean water 

Effluent water 

separation separationReactor 

separation

separation

Separation Processes in Manufacturing

Raw

materials

recycle

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f01_06

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f01_01

Crude Refining

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f01_04

Ethylene to Ethanol

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f01_07

Distillation

Solvent extraction

Adsorption

Sedimentation

Membrane separation

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f01_12

Separation of Propylene

and Propane

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Structured PackingColumn

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Structured Material

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Typical Plate Column Internal

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Plate design

Tray with valve cap

 perforationValve cap

Bubble cap

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Random PackingMaterial

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Liquid-liquid Extraction

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Ib/h

Typical liq-liq

extraction process

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Extractor

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Settler

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Fluid-Fluid

Contacting Column

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f14_01

Membrane Separation

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Polyimide polystyrene

Polysulfone

PTFE polycarbonate

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Membrane shapes

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Membrane module

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Ion-exchange resins

Adsorption Ion-exchange

adsorbate

Activated carbon

Activated alumina

Silica gel

Molecular sieve zeolite

-SO3-H+

-NH3+OH-

Water demineralization

Gas bulk separation – O2

/ N2Gas purification – removal of org. from vent stream

Liquid purification – decolourisation of water 

Liquid bulk separation – n-paraffins, iso-paraffins

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Crystalline inorganic polymers of aluminosilicatesZSM 4A - Na12[(AlO2)12 (SiO2)12] - 3.8 Å - H2O, CO2 removal, air separation

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Pressure swing adsorption (PSA)Temp swing adsorption (TSA)

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Soldac Process

Adsorption – fluidized bed 

Desorption – moving bed

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Thickener

Solid Removal

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Drying

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Tech. Maturity

and 

Future Scope