Sensory Information

Vision & HearingBiology 12S. Dosman

Sclera

OOuter covering of the eye that supports and protects the eye’s inner layers; usually referred to as the white of the eye.

Cornea

OTransparent part of the sclera that protects the eye and refracts light toward the pupil of the eye.

Aqueous humour

OWatery liquid that protects the lens of the eye and supplies the cornea with nutrients.

Choroid layer

OMiddle layer of tissue in the eye that contains blood vessels and dark pigments that absorb light to stop reflection.

Iris

OOpaque disk of tissue surrounding the pupil that regulates amount of light entering the eye.

Retina

O Innermost layer of tissue at the back of the eye containing photoreceptors

Rods

OPhotoreceptors that operate in dim light to detect light in black and white

Cones

OPhotoreceptors that operate in bright light to identify colour

Fovea Centralis

OArea at the centre of the retina where cones are most dense and vision is sharpest.

Glaucoma

ODisorder of the eye caused by build up of fluid in the chamber anterior to the lens.

Cataract

OCondition that occurs when the lens or cornea becomes opaque, preventing light from passing through.

Astigmatism

OVision defect caused by abnormal curvature of the surface of the lens or cornea

Nearsightedness

OA condition that occurs when the image is focused in front of the retina

Farsightedness

OA condition that results when the image is focused behind the retina

Anatomy ReviewO http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=RE1MvRmWg7I

Pinna

OOuter part of the ear that acts like a funnel, taking sound from a large area and channelling it into a small canal.

Auditory canal

OCarries sound waves to the eardrum

Tympanic membrane

OThin layer of tissue, also known as the eardrum

Ossicles

OTiny bones that amplify and carry sound in the middle ear.

OThey include the malleus, incus, and stapes.

Oval window

OOval-shaped hole in the vestibule of the inner ear, covered by a thin layer of tissue

Eustachian Tube

OAir-filled tube of the middle ear that equalizes pressure between the external and internal ear.

Vestibule

OChamber found at the base of the semicircular canals that provides information about static equilibrium.

Semicircular canals

OFluid-filled structures within the inner ear that provide information about dynamic equilibirum.

Cochlea

OCoiled structure of the inner ear that responds to various sound waves and converts them into nerve impulses.

Organ of Corti

OPrimary sound receptor in the cochlea

Basilar membrane

OAnchors the receptor hair cells in the organ of Corti

How the Ear WorksO http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=PeTriGTENoc