SEMINAR REPORTSEMINAR REPORT ONON

K.SWATHI

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Any automatically operated machine that Any automatically operated machine that functions in human like mannerfunctions in human like manner

The term is derived from the Czech word The term is derived from the Czech word robotarobota,, meaning meaning "forced"forced laborlabor" "

Robotics is science of designing building and Robotics is science of designing building and application of robots. application of robots.

The aim of robotics is to design an efficient The aim of robotics is to design an efficient robot. Robotics uses robot. Robotics uses AI technology AI technology for for manufacturing robots. manufacturing robots.

Robotics concerned with Robotics concerned with mechanicalmechanical and and electricalelectrical devices while AI is branch of devices while AI is branch of computercomputer science science

What is Robotics?What is Robotics?The word "robot' was coined by Karel Capekin 1921 . The word "robot' was coined by Karel Capekin 1921 .

The base for this word comes from the The base for this word comes from the CzechCzech word word 'robota'robota' which means 'worker'. ' which means 'worker'.

For the most part, the word "Robot" today means any For the most part, the word "Robot" today means any man-made machine that can perform work or other man-made machine that can perform work or other actions normally performed by humans actions normally performed by humans

ROBOTS ARE MADE OF:ROBOTS ARE MADE OF:

BrainBrain - usually a computer - usually a computer

Actuators and mechanical partsActuators and mechanical parts - motors, pistons, - motors, pistons, grippers, wheels, gears grippers, wheels, gears

SensorsSensors - vision, sound, temperature, motion, - vision, sound, temperature, motion, light, touch, etc. light, touch, etc.

With these three components, robots can interact and With these three components, robots can interact and affect their environment to become usefulaffect their environment to become useful

Laws Of RoboticsLaws Of RoboticsPopular science fiction writer Popular science fiction writer Isaac Asimov created created

the Three Laws of Robotics: the Three Laws of Robotics: A robot must always obey orders given to it by a A robot must always obey orders given to it by a

human being, except where it would conflict with the human being, except where it would conflict with the first law. first law.

A robot must protect it's own existence, except where A robot must protect it's own existence, except where it would conflict with the first or second law. it would conflict with the first or second law.

Later, Asimov added this "Later, Asimov added this "Zeroth LawZeroth Law" " A robot must not injure humanity or, through A robot must not injure humanity or, through

inaction, allow humanity to come to harm. inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.

Artificial IntelligenceArtificial IntelligenceArtificial intelligenceArtificial intelligence is study of mental faculties is study of mental faculties

(powers) through use of computational models (powers) through use of computational models The aim of AI is to The aim of AI is to create machine, which can thinkcreate machine, which can think . . Think is the capability of acquiring and applying Think is the capability of acquiring and applying

knowledge.knowledge. Acquired knowledge is done by throughAcquired knowledge is done by through VisionVision Voice recognition Voice recognition InferencesInferences

WORKINGWORKING

The working of robot is The working of robot is combination of perception combination of perception and action.and action. Perception involves interpreting sights, Perception involves interpreting sights, sounds, smell and touch. Action includes ability sounds, smell and touch. Action includes ability navigate through the world and manipulate objects.navigate through the world and manipulate objects.

Cognition=knowing, perceptionCognition=knowing, perception

Cognition=knowing, perceptionCognition=knowing, perception

The above figure shows design for a complete autonomous The above figure shows design for a complete autonomous robot. robot.

PhysicalWorld

Perception

Action

Cognition

Perception Two important sensory channels for humans are vision and

spoken language 1. Vision: Accurate machine vision opens of a new real of

computer applications. Then applications include mobile robot navigation, complex manufacturing tasks, analysis of satellite images and medical image processing.

2. Speech Recognition: Spoken language is a more natural form of communication in many human computer interfaces. Design issues concerned with speech systems

.

Action: Intelligence puts mobility to effective use.

Here we investigate the nature of mobility (ability to move) in terms of how robots navigate through the world and manipulate objects.

Navigation: Navigation means moving around the world: Planning router, reaching desired destinations with out bumping in to things, and so forth.

Manipulation (To operate or control by skilled use of hands):The general manipulation problem addressed by Robot is pick

and place, in which a robot must grasp an object and move itto a specific location.The re are two main tasks. They are

1.Grasping2.Placing

ApplicationsApplications

Scientific applications.Scientific applications.Nuclear reactors.Nuclear reactors.Military-intelligent radars, intelligent agents.Military-intelligent radars, intelligent agents.Industrial. Industrial. Medical.Medical.Home. Home.

1.Robots can do things we humans just don't want to do, and usually do it cheaper .

2.Robots can do things more precise than humans and allow progress in medical science and other useful advances.

Advantages Of Robotics

Disadvantages of Robotics1.Robots can break and even cause disaster.

2. There's also the problem of evil people using robots for evil purposes. This is true today with other forms of technology such as weapons, and biological material.

The Future Of Robotics

The population of robots is growing rapidly. This growth is lead by Japan that has almost twice as many robots as the USA.. They will continue to be used in tasks were danger, repetition, cost, and precision prevents humans from performing.

ConclusionConclusionSome people are concerned that robots will Some people are concerned that robots will

reduce the number of jobs and kick people reduce the number of jobs and kick people out of their jobs. This is almost never the out of their jobs. This is almost never the case. case.

Robotics is an engineering field, which uses Robotics is an engineering field, which uses AI techniques to build intelligent robots for AI techniques to build intelligent robots for the purpose of efficiency the purpose of efficiency

In future, if the robotics will be used in In future, if the robotics will be used in constructive way than in destructive way then constructive way than in destructive way then it needs very peaceful to mankind it needs very peaceful to mankind