Welcome to

Seminar presentation By

Din Mohammad Bappi

Department of Agricultural Extension & Information System

Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

Dhaka-1207 1

TITLEADOPTION OF HIGH YIELDING

VARIETES OF RICE BY THE FARMERS OF BANGLADESH

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INTRODUCTION

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• Importance of riceRice is the staple food of Bangladesh.

Total rice production 28,931,000 metric tons from the area of 26,130,000 acres (BBS, 2008).

Rice accounts for three fourths of the total cropped area and bears the main burden of increasing the supply of staple food to meet the demand of the growing population.

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•Status of rice in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) has developed and released near about 50 modern varieties having potential to produce 2.0 or more times yield than those of traditional varieties.

The average yield is around 1.95 t/ha which is less than the world average of 2.9 t/ha.

Area under modern varieties spread rapidly and reached about two-thirds of the cropped area by 2001 and following an increasing trend up to date (BBS, 2008).

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OBJECTIVES

To determine and describe some selected characteristics of the rice growers.To determine and describe the trend of the adoption of high yielding varieties of rice by the farmers.

Present status of using high yielding varieties by the farmers.

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MATERIALS AND METHODS

The seminar paper is exclusively a review paper. The seminar paper under the title of “ADOPTION OF HIGH YIELDING VARIETES OF RICE BY THE FARMERS OF BANGLADESH”

was prepared by collecting data from different secondary data sources. Data were collected from different agricultural institutions and libraries and other sources.After collection of all necessary data from the above mentioned sources, they were compiled carefully and systematically for presentation.

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Figure-1: Rice Production in Bangladesh

8.80%

37.37%55.55%

Aus rice T-aman rice Boro rice

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Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), 2008

Table 1. The average cultivation area and production of local, HYV and Hybrid rice varieties in Bangladesh

YearArea in '000' acres Production in '000' M.

Local HYV Total Local HYV Total

2003-2004 9,021 17,725 26,746 5,292 20,879 26,171

2004-2005 7,710 17,673 25,383 4,160 20,855 25,015

2005-2006 9,053 17,021 26,074 5,122 19,734 24,856

2006-2007 9,120 17,475 26,595 5,227 19,960 25,187

2007-2008 5,265 20,865 26,130 1,581 27,350 28,931

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Table 2. The acreage and production of high yielding varieties in Aman, Aus and Boro seasons

YearAman Aus Boro

Area Production Area Production Area Productio

n1999-2000 6822 6246 1085 798 8463 163702000-2001 6911 6938 1152 935 8797 168602001-2002 7079 6810 1111 903 8820 170102002-2003 7261 7140 1153 947 9060 174742003-2004 7378 7529 1117 936 9230 177252004-2005 7181 6693 1114 862 9678 178732005-2006 7891 7505 1277 1081 9617 187852006-2007 8245 7867 1187 996 10166 195982007-2008 8405 7947 1385 1099 10311 20364Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), 2008

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Table 3. Technological progress in rice cultivation in Bangladesh

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), 2008

SeasonYear

1980-1981 1990-1991 2000-

20012008-2009

Wet SeasonRice area (mil. ha) 6.04 5.78 5.65 5.61Coverage of modern variety(%) 15.9 34.0 50.7 59.4Rice yield (t/ha) 1.94 2.37 2.85 2.93Rice production (mil. ton) 11.7 13.7 16.1 16.6Dry SeasonRice area (mil. ha) 4.27 4.66 5.08 5.32Coverage of modern variety(%) 29.0 56.7 80.1 92.2Rice yield (t/ha) 2.04 2.78 4.25 4.56Rice production (mil. ton) 8.7 13.0 21.6 26.2 12

Plate 1. A Rice Field of HYV

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Inputs Hybrids HYVsSeed (kg/ha) 11.5 48.5Organic manure (t/ha) 4.0 2.3Chemical fertilizer (kg/ha) 494.0 439.7Irrigation (No. of

application) 18.0 17.0Pesticides (No. of spray) 2.0 1.0Labour (days/ha) 126.0 121.0

Table 4. Input use pattern for cultivation of hybrids and high yielding varieties of rice by sample farmers

Source: Hossain, M. (2003), Hybrid rice in Bangladesh: Farm level performance14

Table 5. Cost of input for cultivation of hybrids and high yielding varieties of rice by sample farmers (Tk/ha)

Inputs Hybrids HYVsSeed 2369 579Organic manure 1169 664Chemical fertilizer 4019 3232Irrigation 4801 4507Pesticides 1510 905Labour 7636 7348Machinery use 1833 1818Miscellaneous 114 68Total 23451 19121

Source: Hossain, M. (2003), Hybrid rice in Bangladesh: Farm level performance15

Table 6. Economic return to hybrids and high yielding varieties of rice by sample farmers

Inputs Hybrids HYVs

Yield (t/ha) 6.44 5.63Market price

(Tk./tones) 6296 6113

Gross return (Tk./ha) 42659 36727

Total cost (Tk./ha) 19121 23451

Net return (Tk./ha) 17606 19207

Source: Hossain, M. (2003). Hybrid rice in Bangladesh: Farm level performance16

Plate 2. Rice grain of HYV

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Categories

Farmers

MeanStandar

d Deviatio

nNumber(N=100)

Percent (%)

Low adoption(up to 50) 8 8

76.26 17.69Medium

adoption(51 to 75)

40 40

High adoption(76 and above) 52 52

Table 7. Distribution of the respondents according to their adoption

Source: Masud, M. A. Adoption of high yielding varieties of rice by the farmers18

Table 8. Percentages of farmers adopted the different high yielding varieties (HYV) of rice

Source: Masud, M. A. Adoption of high yielding varieties of rice by the farmers

Name of the variety No. of farmers adopted Percent

Total BR14 57 17.27Only BR14 4 1.21Total BRRI Dhan-28 84 25.45Only BRRI Dhan-28 3 0.91Total BRRI Dhan-29 89 26.97

Only BRRI Dhan-29 4 1.21BR14 + BRRI Dhan-28 5 1.52BR14 + BRRI Dhan-29 7 2.12BRRI Dhan-28 + BRRI Dhan-29 35 10.61BR14 + BRRI Dhan-28 and 29 42 12.73

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CONCLUSION

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The Bangladesh rice research system has been continuing to release improved varieties.

The cultivation of modern varieties reached 65% of the rice area in 2007-08.

The increase of yield however came mostly from gradual replacement of land from low-yielding TVs to high-yielding MVs.

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Bangladeshi farmers have been replacing MVs, particularly, if they are of shorter maturity and the yield is higher compared to the existing ones.

The spread of MVs has contributed to a growth in rice yield at 2.3% per year over the last three decades, which has helped us to achieve a favorable food security situation.

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RECOMMENDATION

It is necessary to release more HYVs with assessing adaptability performance of different agro-ecological zone and change of climatic condition.

It is necessary to increase the knowledge level of production technology of HYVs.

It is necessary to available the seeds and inputs for HYVs cultivation in timely near to the farmers.

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