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Seminar on the design of assessment for the revised S4-5 geography curriculum
Chan Chin LeeHKSYC & IA Chan Nam Chong Memorial College
29/5/2004
Assessing geographical skills in written examinations
How to assess geographical skills through examinations? (using the revised S4-5 geography curriculum as an example)
How can written examination questions be designed to inform the progress of students’ learning?
How to assess geographical skills through written examinations?
Using the revised S4-5 geography curriculum as an example
What geographical skills to be assessed?
How to assess?
What geographical skills? (HKEAA)
Read and interpret a variety of maps at different scales
Interpret ground and aerial photographs-to extract and analyze geographical information from them
Observe, measure and record data (including interview) systematically and accurately
Construct and test hypotheses in order to solve geographical problems
Use appropriate geographical terminology to present materials and arguments
Basic inquiry skills Ask and identify questions from a
geographical perspective
Locate and collect appropriate information and data from a variety of sources
Select and use appropriate format such as text and illustrations to organize and present information and data
Use appropriate methods to interpret information and data for making inferences and drawing conclusions
Evaluate the answers, solutions or conclusions drawn from inquiry(HKEAA)
Geographical skills
Asking Geographic Questions
Acquiring Geographic Information
Organizing Geographic Information
Analyzing Geographic Information
Answering Geographic Questions
Assessment of the following skills Map reading and interpretation
Photograph interpretation
Aerial photograph interpretation
Assessment of map skills 1:20,000 map
1:5000 map
Others
Map reading – language Scale
– linear, statement, R.F. Direction
– compass points, whole-circle bearing, reduced bearing
Grid reference and grid square- 6 figure, 4 figure
Signs and symbols – contour lines etc.
Map measurement and drawing Calculation of gradient
Cross section drawing and calculation of vertical exaggeration
Sketch map drawing/ copying
Measurement of distance and area
Map interpretation Interpret human, economic activities:
e.g. settlement, communications, land use etc.
Interpret physical landform: e.g. relief, drainage pattern etc.
Problem solving and decision making
Refer to the map extract
of Sham Chung
(HM20C sheet 8 Sai Kung)
Describe the relief of Sham Chung (grid square 2084) and the surrounding.
Skills assessed:
1. Symbols: contour lines, drainage, coast line etc.
2. grid references: location of the hills etc. 3. accurate height measurements: the
height of Sham Chung village, trigonometrical station etc.
4. compass directions: north of Sham Chung….etc.
5. landscape features: river valley etc.
Describing and explaining location
There is a plan to develop Sham Chung into a resort comprising villa guesthouses and a golf course.
Describe and explain the favourable and unfavourable locational factors.
Skills assessed: Describing location:1. Compass directions: higher ground to the
east, bay to the west etc. 2. Distances: of the footpath from Yung
Shue O etc. 3. Symbols: ferry pier, footpath, secondary
roads, country park’s boundary etc. 4. Grid references: location of ferry pier etc. 5. Landscape features: river valley etc.
Skills assessed (cont’) Explanation of the locational factors:1. Map interpretation:
-influence of the settlement, communication, landform features, country parks etc.
2. Decision making: -favourable or unfavourable factors.
There is a plan to develop Sham Chung into a resort comprising villa guesthouses and a golf course.
As the Secretary for the Environment, Transport and Works, will you agree such development. Explain your stand point. Skills: map interpretation, present arguments
How can written examination questions be designed to inform the progress of student’s learning?
Skills summary sheet
Skills assessed scores
Identification of symbols
Identification of features
Use of grid reference
Use of compass direction
Description skill
Structured questions Identify; name; match:
Skills: map reading
Draw: (sketch map, cross-section etc.)Skills: drawing
Measure; calculate: Skills: measurement, scale, calculation
Describe; compare; contrastSkills: map reading, direction, grid reference
ExplainSkills: interpretation of relationships, organization, making inferences, drawing conclusions
Suggest solutionsSkills: problem solving, decision making
EvaluateSkills: present arguments, decision making, drawing conclusions
Structured questions to inform the progress of students’ learning
Identify the landform feature at grid reference 208845.Skills: landform identification
Find the highest point in the grid square 2084. Give its 6 figure grid reference.Skills: grid reference, contour lines trigonometrical station
Describe the landform north of Sham Chung (208845).Skills: compass points, contours, landform identification
Explain how the landform is favourable for the development of Sham Chung into a resort.Skills: map interpretation
Map measurement and drawing skills
Refer to the map extract of Sham Chung again
(HM20C sheet 8 Sai Kung)
Assessment of map drawing Draw a cross-section from the
trigonometrical station 180 (grid reference 204848) to 210836) with a vertical scale of 1 cm to 50 m.Skills: drawing, scale
Calculate the vertical exaggeration of the cross-section. Skills: calculation
Refer to the cross-section and the map extract, explain why Sham Chung is suitable to develop into a resort with golf course and villa guesthouse.Skills: map interpretation, decision making, symbols, grid reference, landscape features
Assessment of map measurement Measure the distance of the footpath from
Sham Chung (209842) to Yung Shue O (214826).-Skills: measuring distance, grid reference, symbols.
Calculate the time required for the villagers to walk from Sham Chung to Yung Shue O. (The speed of walking = 4 km/ hr)-Skills: Simple calculation
Explain how does it hinder the development of Sham Chung.Skills: map interpretation, decision making
Suggest solutions to solve this problem.Skills: symbols, grid reference, map interpretation, decision making
Photograph interpretation skills Photograph reading
– identify features, pattern
Photograph interpretation – interpreting patterns and relationships
Sketching, scale, direction
Integration of map and photograph interpretation
A Photograph of Sham Chung
Please refer to Photo 9 on the website below:
http://www.cexplorer.com/t-shamchung2.htm
Refer to the photograph of Sham Chung and the map extract.
Draw a sketch of the photograph to show the land uses.Skills: photograph interpretation, sketch drawing
Account for the land uses as shown in the sketch.Skills: map interpretation, photograph interpretation,
Refer to the photograph of Sham Chung and the map extract.
Identify the land use A in the photograph Skills: photograph reading
Account for the occurrence of land use A in Sham ChungSkills: photograph interpretation, map interpretation
Another example of map and photograph interpretation
A Photograph of Sham Chung
Please refer to Photo 10 on the website below:
http://www.cexplorer.com/t-shamchung2.htm
Refer to the photograph of Sham Chung and the map extract.
From which direction was the photograph taken?Skills: map reading, direction
With the support of photographic evidence, argue against the development of Sham Chung into a resort with golf course and villa guesthouse.Skills: photograph interpretation, present arguments
Aerial photo interpretation skills Recognition of features
Sketch drawing
Scale, direction
Interpretation: patterns, relationships
Aerial photograph interpretation
ARefer to the aerial photo of Kowloon 5.11.84 56988
(Survey and Mapping Office
Building and Lands Department
Hong Kong Government)
Assessment of aerial photo interpretation skills
Compare and contrast the characteristics of land use in A and B.Skills: recognition of features, patterns
Describe the urban problems in ASkills: interpretation, inference
Explain why urban renewal is needed in A.Skills: interpretation, presenting arguments