Semesters w.e.f. Academic Year 2020-21 and Onwards Under

THE COURSE STRUCTURE & SYLLABUS OF UNDER GRADUATE

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

BIOTECNOLOGY

1ST

TO 6

TH Semesters

w.e.f.

Academic Year 2020-21 and Onwards

Under

CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM [CBCS]

B.Sc. Program with Optional Subject: BIOTECNOLOGY

(With effect from the academic year 2020-21 onwards)

Sem Part Paper

Code Title of the Paper

Hours/

Week

Marks Subject

Credits

IA Exam Total

I

Part – 1

DSC

BTNDSCT 1.1 Cell Biology and Genetics 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSCP 1.1 Practicals-1 3 10 40 50 1

Total: Hours / Credits

7 150 4

II

Part – 1

DSC

BTNDSCT 2.1

Biochemistry and Biogenetics 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSCP 2.1 Practicals-2 3 10 40 50 1


7 150 4


Sem Part Paper

Code Title of the Paper

Hours/

Week

Marks Subject

Credits IA Exam Total

III

Part – 1

DSC

BTNDSCT3.1

Microbiology and Immunology 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSCP3.1 Practicals-3 3 10 40 50 1

Part – 2

SEC BTNSECT3.2 Molecular Diagnostics 2 10 40

50 2


9 200 6

IV

Part – 1

DSC

BTNDSCT4.1

Molecular Biology. 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSCP4.1 Practicals-4 3 10 40 50 1

Part – 2

SEC

BTNSECT4.2

Industrial Fermentations 2 10 40 50 2


9 200 6

T: Theory, P: Practical, CC/EA: Co-curricular/Extension Activities. AECC: Ability Enhancement Compulsory

Course, DSC: Discipline Specific Course. DSE: Discipline Specific Elective, SEC: Skill Enhancement Course).

Note: Duration of examinations is 03 h for 80 Marks theory and 02 h for 40 marks theory. For practicals,

duration of examination is 03 h.


Sem Part

Paper

Code

Title of Paper

Hours/

Week

Marks Subject

Credits IA Exam Total

V

Part – 1

DSE

BTNDSET 5.1 Plant and Animal cell Technology. 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSEP 5.1 Practicals 5 3 10 40 50 1

BTNDSET 5.2A (Elective I)

Recombinant DNA Technology

and Nanotechnology 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSEP 5.2A (Elective I) Practicals-5A 3 10 40 50 1

BTNDSET 5.2B (Elective II)

Bioinformatics. 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSEP 5.2B (Elective II)

Practicals-5B 3 10 40 50 1

Part – 2

SEC

BTNSECT5.3 Industrial Fermentations 3 10 40 50 2


17 350 10

Note: Students have to choose either Elective-I or Elective-II

VI

Part – 1

DSE

BTNDSET 6.1 Industrial and Environmental

Biotechnology 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSEP 6.1 Practicals-6 3 10 40 50 1

BTNDSET 6.2A (Elective III)

Agricultural and medical

Biotechnology 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSEP 6.2A (Elective III)

Practicals-6A 3 10 40 50 1

BTNDSET 6.2B (Elective IV)

Medical Microbiology 4 20 80 100 3

BTNDSEP 6.2B (Elective IV)

Practicals 6B 3 10 40 50 1

Part – 2

SEC BTNSECT 6.3 Basics of Forensic Science 3 10 40 50 2

Total: Hours / Credits 17 350 10

Note: Students have to choose either Elective-III or Elective-IV

Schema of Evaluation for Practical Examination

Particulars Marks Allotted

1 Experimental preparation involving the following * 30

2 Journal (record) assessment 05

3 Oral performance (Viva-voce) 05

Total 40

* Brief description & tabulation 04

Basic diagrams/specimen identification 04

Preparation of required solutions and Experimental set-up 04

Record of observation and performance of experiment 10

Calculation including drawing graph 06

Accuracy of result with unit 02

Page | 6

Question Paper pattern

First Semester B.Sc. Degree Examination, December 2020

(CBCS Scheme-2020-21: Regular)

Biotechnology

CHEDSCT 1.1: Cell Biology and Genetics

Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80

Q. No. I. Answer any TEN of the following 2X10= 20 Marks

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)

10)

11)

12)

Q. NO. II. Answer the following questions 5X3=15 Marks

a)

b)

c)

OR

d)

Q. No. III. Answer the following questions 5x3= 15 Marks

a)

b)

c)

OR

d)

Q. No. IV. Answer the following questions 5x3=15 Marks

a)

b)

c)

OR

d)

Q. No. V. Answer the following questions 5x3=15 Marks

a)

b)

c)

OR

d)

Page | 7

Question Paper pattern

First Semester B.Sc. Degree Examination, December 2020

(CBCS Scheme-2020-21: Regular)

Biotecnology

CHESECT 3.2: Title of the Paper

Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 40

Q. No. I. Answer any FIVE of the following 2X5= 20 Marks

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

Q. NO. II Answer the following questions 5X3=15 Marks

a)

b)

c)

OR

d)

Q. No. III. Answer the following questions 5x3= 15 Marks

a)

b)

c)

OR

d)

Page | 8

Instruction to set the DSC/DSE question paper.

Question number 1 has 12 sub questions consisting of 3 questions from each unit. Each

question carries two marks. Student has to answer any ten questions.

Question number II are from unit I.

Question number III are from unit II.

Question number IV are from unit III

Question number V are from unit IV.

Instruction to set the SEC question paper.

Question number 1 has 6 sub questions consisting of 3 questions from each unit. Each

question carries two marks. Student has to answer any five questions.

Question number I is from unit I.

Question number II is from unit II.

Page | 9

First Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

Paper Code: BTNDSCT 1.1 Paper Title: Cell Biology and Genetics

Teaching Hours: 4 H / Week Marks: Th-80+IA-20

Total hours:60 Credits :3

Unit: 1 15 Hours

General Introduction and cell as a basic unit of life: Introduction to Biotechnology, Scope

and branches of Biotechnology. Historical perspectives, the cell theory, Ultra structure of

animal and plant cells and their organelles: Cell wall, Plasma membrane, Mitochondria,

Chloroplast, Ribosome, Golgi complex, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, Lysosome,

Peroxisomes, Vacuoles, Cytosol and Cytoskeleton structures, Cell –Cell interaction.

Unit: 2 15 Hours

Chromosomes and Cell division: Discovery, morphology and structural organization:

Number, size and types, Chromosomal Morphology, fine structure and models,

heterochromatin and Euchromatin, Cancer Biology: Causes, symptoms, types of cancer and

its prevention Cell motility: Amoeboid, cilliary and flagellar movements, Cell senesces and

programmed cell death Cell Division: Cell cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis and its applications.

Transport across Cell Membrane: Active and passive transport.

Unit: 3 15 Hours

Introduction to genetics: History and scope and branches of Genetics

Mendalisim: Mendel’s work, Laws of heredity, back cross, Test-cross, Incomplete

Dominance and simple problems

Supplementary factors: Comb pattern in Fowls, Complementary factors: Flower color in

sweat pea Multiple factors: Skin color in human beings Multiple allelism : Blood group in

human beings ,Epistasis : Plumage color in Poultry Sex determination in Plants and

Animals: Concept of allosomes and autosomes, XX-XY, XX-XO, ZW-ZZ, ZO-ZZ Types

(15 Hours)

Unit: 4 15 Hours

Linkage and crossing over: Coupling and repulsion hypothesis, Linkage in maize and

Drosophila, Mechanism of crossing over and its importance, chromosomal mapping-Linkage

map in maize

Chromosomal Variation: Structural and numerical aberrations, chromosomal evolution in

wheat and cotton

Mutations: Types-Spontaneous and Induced; Mutagens – Physical and chemical mutagens,

Induced Mutations in Plants, Animals and Microbes for economicbenefit.

Cytoplasmic inheritance: Plastid inheritance in Mirabilis, Petite character in yeast and

Kappa particles in Paramecium.

Human Genetics: Karyotype in man, Inherited disorders – Allosomal (Klinfelter’s and

Turner’s syndrome), Autosomal (Downs and Cri-du-chat syndrome)

Page | 10

First Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

Paper Code: BTNDSCP 1.1 Paper Title: Practicals-1


Total hours:45 Credits :1

BTDSC P11: PRACTICALS I 60Hours

1. Study of fixatives and stains: Preparation of Formaldehyde (4-10%), Alcohol (70- 100%),

Bouin’s fixative, Carnoy’s solution, Borax carmine (alcoholic), Eosin (alcoholic),

Heamatoxylin, Acetocarmine, Aceto-orcein, Schiff’s reagent (Feulgen method), Giemsa

Stain.

2. Squash preparation: Onion root tip to study stages of mitosis.

3. Squash preparation: Grasshopper testis / onion flower bud/ Tradiscantia to study stages of

meiosis.

4. Squash preparation of salivary gland chromosomes: Drosophila /Chironomous larva.

5. Karyotyping analysis.

6. Micrometry.

7. Buccal epithelial smear and Barr body.

8. Extraction of cellular materials in saline buffers, solvents and precipitation.

9. Demonstration of Laws of inheritance by using color beads

a. Law of segregation

b. Law of independent assortment

c. Solve genetic problems

10. Each student is required to submit 2 permanent slides of Mitosis and Meiosis:at least one

from each.

References:

CELL BIOLOGY:

1. Alberts, B.Bray, D. Lewis, J. Roff, M. Roberts, K, and Watson, J D 1994: 3rd edition,

molecularbiology of “The Cell”. Bolsover, S.R Hysams, J.E Jones, S. Shepherd, E.A and

White, ,H.A.1997:Form genes to cells wileys-less .Inc New York.

2. Cambell, N.A. Mitchell, L .G. and Reece, J.B. 1996: General Biology. Benjamin cunning.

3. Cooper, GM. 1997 The Cell: A molecular approach, ASM press, USA.

4. De- Robertis, E.D.P. and Robertis, E.M.S. 1996: Cell and Molecular Biology, Holt

Saunders International

5. Garrett, R.H. and Gresham, C.M. 1995: Molecular aspects of cellbiology, International

edition, Saunders college publishing

6. P.K. Gupta Cell and molecular. Biology:

7. Gilbert and Raunio 1997: Embryology – constructing the organism

8. Holly Ahern 1992: Introduction to Experimental Cell biology, W.M.C. Brown publishers

9. Inder Singh, 1997: Text book of human Histology, Jaypee brothers Medical publishers,

New Delhi.

Page | 11

10. Karp, G. 2000 Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments, John Willey and

sons Inc. New York.

11. Lodish. H. Berk. A. Zipursky, S.L. Matsiduvaria. P. Baltimore, D. Darnell, J. 2000:

Molecular cell Biology, Freeman W.H. and co. New York.

12. Singh, H.R. 2000: Animal Physiology and related Biochemistry, S. Lobanlal Nagin

Chand and co. Educational publishers, New Delhi.

13. Smith and Wood 1992: Cell biology, Chapman and Hall.

14. Tobin and Morel 1997; Asking about “Cells “Saunders College Publishing.

15. Vasudev Rao, K. 1994: Developmental Biology – A modern Synthesis,

16. Oxford IBH publishing. Wilson, E.B.: Cells in Development and inheritance, Mac Millan,

New York.

GENETICS :

1 Daniel. L Hartl, “Basic Genetics”, Jones and Barlett Publishers USA.

2 Edgar Attenburg, “Genetics”, Oxford and IBH Publications.

3 Fairbanks, D.J.R. Anderson, W.R. 1999: Genetics, the continuity of life. Brooke and Cole

Publication. Co. New York.

4 Lewin. B. 2000: Gene VII, Oxford University Press, New York.

5 Lewin, R 1999: Human Genetics: Concept and applications, 3rd

edition WCB, Mc Graw

Hills Dubuque, IA.

6 Miglani G.S. 2000, “Basic Genetics” Narosa publishing house. New Delhi.

7 Sandhya Mitra, “Genetics – Blue print of life” Tata Mc. Graw Hill publications

8 Snuustad , P.D. and Simmons , M.J. 2000 : Principles of Genetics , 2nd

Ed. John Wiley

and Sons Inc. New York.

9 Stricberger, M.W. 1995: Genetics 3 Ed. Prentice Hall Inc. London.

10 Sturitevant, A. Hand Bredle, G.W. 1989: An Introduction to genetic W.B. Saunders

Philadelphia.

11 Tamarin, R.M. 2000: Principles of genetics 6 Ed. WMC Publication co. London.

Winchester Sinnot and Dorm, “Principles of Genetics”.

Page | 12

Second Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

Paper Code: BTNDSCT 2.1 Paper Title: Biochemistry and Biostatistics


Total hours: 60 Credits: 3

Unit: 1 15 Hours

Carbohydrates: Structure, Properties, Classification and functions

Lipids: Structure, Properties, Classification and Functions

Amino acids and Proteins: Structure, Properties, Classification and functions of amino acids

and proteins. Structural organizations of proteins (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary

structures) reverse turns and Ramachandran plot.

Enzymes: Nomenclature, classification, properties, factors influencing enzyme catalyzed

reactions, enzyme inhibition (reversible and irreversible), outline of purification, industrial

application of enzymes.

Vitamins& Hormones: Dietary source and functions of Water soluble and Fat-soluble

vitamins. Chemistry and functions of pituitary and gonadal hormones.

Unit:2 15 Hours

Bioenergetics: Concept of free energy transformations, Redox potentials, Regulations of

Glycolysis, Krebs’s cycle and Electron Transport System.

Principles and applications of Solutions, pH and buffers: Theory of water ionization and

its purity (kW), pKa & pKb acids and bases, Derivation of Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

and its significance. Buffers: Criteria for selection of buffers, types of buffers, Buffers in

Biological systems and their mechanism of action.

Unit:3 15 Hours

Nucleic acids: Structure and functions: Physical & chemical properties of Nucleic acids,

Nucleosides & Nucleotides, purines & pyrimidines. Biologically important nucleotides,

Double helical model of DNA structure and forces responsible for A, B & Z – DNA,

denaturation and renaturation of DNA

Analytical techniques: Principles and applications of Chromatography (Paper, thin-layer, column

and GLC), Centrifugation (RPM and G, Ultracentrifugation), Spectroscopy (UV-Visible), Isotopes

and Radioactivity: Radioactivity, decay laws, Isotopes in Biological studies.

Unit: 4 15 Hours

Biostatistics: Data & its types, Tabulation and classification of data, Frequency distribution

and Graphical representation of data, Measures of central tendencies: Mean, Median, Mode

and their properties, Measures of Dispersion: Mean deviation, Variance, Standard deviation

and coefficient of Variation, Different models of data presentation with special reference to

biological samples, Chi square test, student T test, introduction to SPSS analysis with

examples etc.

Page | 13

Second Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)




BTDSC P21: PRACTICAL-II Total hours: 60

1. Preparation of percent molarity, molality and normality of solution, Measurement of pH

and buffer.

2. Qualitative analysis of Carbohydrates, Amino acids, Proteins and Lipids.

3. Paper Chromatography of amino acids and sugars.

4. Qualitative analysis of body fluids such as blood and urine.

5. Assay of amylase activity.

6. Colorimetric estimation of protein by Biuret method.

7. Colorimetric estimation of blood sugar.

8. Estimation of amino acids.

9. Estimation of creatinine in urine sample.

10. Testing of acid phosphates (Potato) and alkaline phosphates (milk) activity.

11. Demonstration of catalase activity.

References:

1. Biomolecules and analytical techniques Boyer Rodney, 1999 “Concepts of biochemistry”,

Pacific Grove, Brooks/cole publishing company.

2. Deb, A.C. “Fundamental of Biochemistry”, New Central Book Agency, Calcutta.

3. Jain, J.L. “Fundamentals of Biochemistry”.S. Chand and Company. Keshav Trehan;

“Biochemistry”, wiley Eastern publication.

4. Lehninger, et.al., 1997: Principal of Biochemistry CBS publishers.Mathews and Van

Horde:

5. Moron, L.A. sceimgeour, K.G. Hostan, H.R. Ochs, R.S. and Rawn, J.D. 2000:

Biochemistry, 3rd edition

6. Biomolecule: Mohan P. Arora Biophysics: Mohan P. Arora

7. Biochemistry: A. C. Deb

8. Biophysics: Pattabh & Gautham Text book of Biochemistry (1997), Devlin, Thomas, M.

9. Biochemistry (1993) Zubay, G.

10. Biochemistry Fundamentals, Voet et al.

11. Biochemistry, Friedfider, D.

12. Practical Biochemistry, Plummer.

13. Physical Biochemistry: Application to Biochemistry and Molecular Biology – Freilder.

14. Principle of Instrumental Analysis – Skoog & West

15. Bliss, C.J.K. (1967) Statistics in Biology Vol 1. I Mc Graw hill. New York

16. Campbell R.C. (1974) Statistics for Biologists, Cambridge Univ, Press, Cambridge

17. Daniel (1999) Biostatistics (3rd

Edition) Panima Publishing, Comotation

18. Sward law, A.C. (1985) Practical statistics for Exponents Biologists, Jhon Wiley and

Sons, In

19. Khan (1999) Fundamentals of Biostatistics, Publishing Corporation

Page | 14

Third Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

Paper Code: BTNDSCP 3.1 Paper Title: Microbiology and Immunology



PART A – MICROBIOLOGY

Unit:1 15 Hours

Introduction and scope of Microbiology: Historical perspective, importance and scope of

microbiology as a modern Science and Branches of microbiology

Microbial techniques:

A) Sterilization: Physical, chemical and radiation method of sterilization.

B) Microscopy: Phase contrast, floroscent and electron microscope. C) Stains and staining

techniques: Principles of staining, types of staining- Simple, Differential and Structural

staining concept.

Ultra-structure of Viruses and Bacteria:

A. VIRUSES – Structure and classification Plant Viruses – CaMV Animal Viruses –

Hepatitis B Bacterial Viruses – Lambda phage B. BACTERIA – Ultra structure of a bacterial

cell, cell wall, endospore and capsule.

Unit:2 15 Hours

Culture of microorganisms: Culture media, types of culture media, isolation of

microorganisms by different methods, preservation and maintenance of culture.

Microbial growth: Nutritional requirements of microorganisms, Bacterial growth curve,

Factors affecting bacterial growth.

Pathogenic microorganism a) Bacterial diseases of man- Tetanus, Tuberculosis and

Cholera. b) Viral disease – AIDS (HIV).

PART B – IMMUNOLOGY

Unit:3 15 Hours

Introduction to immunology: History and scope of Immunology.

Immunity: Types of immunity – Innate, Active, Passive and Acquired, Humoral and Cell

mediated Immunity.

Cells of immune system: Lymphoid cells, T & B lymphocytes

Organs of immune system: Bone marrow, Thymus, Lymph node and spleen.

Unit:4 15 Hours

Antigens: Types: Haptenes, Epitopes, Paratopes, Effector Phase, and Blood group antigens.

Antibodies (Immunoglobulins): Structure, theory of antibody formation, types, properties

and functions of Immunoglobulins and MHC.

Antigen- Antibody reactions: Mechanism of precipitation, Agglutination, Complement

fixation.

Immuno-blotting techniques: Immuno-Fluorescence, RIA and ELISA.

Page | 15

Third Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)




MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY

1. Safety measures in microbiology laboratory.

2. Cleaning and sterilization of glassware’s.

3. Study of instruments: Compound microscope, Autoclave, pH, laminar airflow and

centrifuge.

4. Media preparation: Nutrient agar, Nutrient broth and Potato dextrose agar.

5. Isolation of bacteria and fungi from soil, air and water-dilution and pour plate method.

6. Inoculation techniques: stab, point, streak, pour plate and spread plate.

7. Bacterial staining technique – Simple and Differential (Gram’s).

8. Counting of microorganism – Total count (Haemocytometer).

9. Biochemical tests: Starch hydrolysis, Catalase, Gelatin liquification.

10. Antibiotic sensitivity test – Paper disc method.

11. Preparation of serum.

12. Total RBC and WBC count.

13. Estimation of hemoglobin content in blood.

14. Demonstration of ELISA and RIA.

15. Diagnosis of infectious disease by immunoassay Widal test for Typhoid and Wassermann

Reaction for syphilis.

16. Rocket Electrophoresis.

References:

MICROBIOLOGY

1. Ananthanarayanan, R. Jakarta Panikar, C.K.1997: textbook of microbiology. Orient

Longman Chennai

2. Aneja, K.R.1997: Experiments in Microbiology Plant Pathology and tissue culture.

3. Atlas, R.M. 1998: Microbiology, Fundamentals and applications 2nd Edition McMillan

Publishing Co. New York.

4. Auro, P.T. Kapoor, K. K. Yadav, K.S. 1996: An introduction to Microbiology, New Age

International Pvt. Ltd.

5. Gerharot, P. Murry, R.G Wood, W.A. and kreig, N.R 1994: Methods for general and

molecular bacteriology, American Socitey for Microbiological Washington DC.

6. Kumar, H.D. and Swati kumar 1998: Modern Concept of Microbiology, Vikas Publishing

House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi

7. Pecleczar Jr., M., J. Chan, E.U. and kreig, , N.R 1993 : Microbiology McGraw Hill Inc.

New York.

8. Prescott, L.M. Harley, J.P. and Kiein, D.A. 1996: Microbiology WMC Brown Publisher.

9. Purohit S.S.1997-98: Microbiology, Agrobotanica Bikaner.

10. Schlegal H.G. 1993: General Microbiology, 7th Ed., Cambridge University Press.

11. Sharma P.D.2001: microbiology, Rastogi Publication, Meerut.

Page | 16

12. Stainer. R.Y., Ingraham, J.L.,Wheelis, M.L., and Painter P.R. 1992: General

microbiology, Mcmillian Publication Ltd., London.

13. Sundarajan S.1999, College microbiology, Vardhanan Publication, Bangalore.

14. Modern concept of Microbiology: H.D. Kumar & Swati Kumar

15. A text book of Microbiology: Dubey & Maheshwari

16. Microbial ecology fundamentals and application: Atlas Bartha

17. Fundamentals of Microbiology & Immunology: A.K. Banerjee, Nirmalya Banerjee

18. General Microbiology Vol. I & II-Power & Dangiwala

19. Microbiology, Prescott, Harley & Klein.

20. Alcamo’s Fundamental of Microbiology, (2004); Pommervilleet al.

21. Microbiology (1996); Prescott, Harley & Klein

22. Microbiology (2004); Tortora, F.

23. Foundation in Microbiology (1996); Talaro & Talora.

24. Food Microbiology (2004); Adam, M.R.

25. Principles of Microbiology (1994); Atlas, R.M.

26. Pharmaceuticals Microbiology (2003); Purohit & Saluja.

27. Microbiology: A Lab Manual, Cappuccino et al.

28. Brock Biology of Microbiology, Martinko, M. T & Parker, J.

29. Microbial Biotechnology (1998) Glazer & Nikaido

IMMUNOLOGY:

1. Abbas A.K., Litchman A.H and Pber J.S.1994: Cellular and molecular immunology, 2nd

edition, W.C. Brown Publishers.

2. Abdul. K. Abbas, Litchman A.H and Pber J.S.2000: Cellular and molecular immunology,

4th

edition, W.C. Brown Publishers.

3. Charles A. Janeway, Paul Travers, Mark Walport,2001: Immunology, Garland

publishing, New York.

4. Cobman. R.M., Lambard M.F., and Sieard R.E.1992: Fundamental immunology, 2nd

Edition, W.C. Brown Publishers.

5. Eli Benjamin, Richard Coiro, Gerfferey Sunshine, Hyde R.m.1992, Immunology, 2nd

edition, Willeans and Wilkins Baltimore.

6. Essentials of Immunology – Roitt

7. Immunology – a short course, 4th

edn, Wiley liss.

8. Immunology 3rd Ed. (1997) – Kuby J.

9. Immunology – An Introduction (2004) –Tizard, I.R., Thompson Pub.

10. Immunology – Roitt.

11. Jack Chirikjiou 1995: Biotechnology, theory and techniques, Plant biotechnology, Animal

cell culture,

12. Immuno biotechnology (Vol I) Jones and Barlet Publishers, 40 Tall Pine Driver,

studbury.

13. Joshi K.R. and Osama N.O. 1998 Immunology Agro Botanica Bikoner.

14. Richard A. Gldsby, Thomas J, Kindth Barbara 2000: Immunobiology, W.H. Freeman and

company, NewYork.

15. Tiyard Fon R 1992: Immunology- an introduction, Philadelphia, Saunder college

Publishing.

Page | 17

Third Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology) Skill Enhancement Course

Paper Code: BTNSEC 3.2 Paper Title: Molecular Diagnostics



UNIT I 15 Hours

Enzyme Immunoassays:

Comparison of enzymes available for enzyme immunoassays, conjugation of enzymes. Solid

phases used in enzyme immunoassays. Homogeneous and heterogeneous enzyme

immunoassays. Enzyme immunoassays after immuno blotting. Enzyme immuno

histochemical techniques

UNIT II 15 Hours

Molecular methods in clinical microbiology: Applications of PCR, RFLP, Nuclear

hybridization methods, Single nucleotide polymorphism and plasmid finger printing in

clinical microbiology

Laboratory tests in chemotherapy: Susceptibility tests: Micro-dilution and macro-dilution

broth procedures.

Susceptibility tests: Diffusion test procedures.

Susceptibility tests: Tests for bactericidal activity.

REFERENCES:

1. Practical Biochemistry, Principles and Techniques, Keith Wilson and John Walker

2. Bioinstrumentation, Webster

3. Advanced Instrumentation, Data Interpretation, and Control of Biotechnological Processes,

J.F. Van Impe, Kluwer Academic

4. Ananthanarayan R and Paniker CKJ. (2005). Textbook of Microbiology. 7th edition

(edited by Paniker CKJ). University Press Publication.

5. Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS and Morse SA. (2007). Jawetz, Melnick and Adelberg’s

Medical Microbiology. 24th edition. McGraw Hill Publication.

6. Goering R, Dockrell H, Zuckerman M and Wakelin D. (2007). Mims’ Medical

Microbiology. 4th edition. Elsevier.

7. Joklik WK, Willett HP and Amos DB (1995). Zinsser Microbiology. 19th edition.

Appleton- Centuary-Crofts publication.

8. Willey JM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2008). Prescott, Harley and Klein’s

Microbiology. 7th edition. McGraw Hill Higher Education.

9. Microscopic Techniques in Biotechnology, Michael Hoppert

Page | 18

Fourth Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

Paper Code: BTNDSCT 4.1 Paper Title: Molecular Biology



Unit:1 15 Hours

Molecular basis of life: An introduction, Experimental proof of DNA and RNA as Genetic

material.

Nucleic acids: Structure and types of DNA and RNA and their functions

DNA replication: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic – enzymes and proteins involved in

replication, Theta and Rolling circle model.

DNA damage and repair: Causes and mechanism- Photo reactivation, Excision repair,

Mismatch Repair.

Unit:2 15 Hours

Recombination in Prokaryotes: Transformation, Conjugation and Transduction Structure

of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic gene: Genetic code, properties and deciphering Insertional

elements and transposons: Transposable elements in Maize and Drosophila.

Unit: 3 15 Hours

Transcription: Process of transcription, Transcription factors, post transcriptional

Modifications.

Translation: Initiation, elongation and termination of protein synthesis, translation Factors.

Unit: 4 15 Hours

Regulation of gene expression: Regulation of gene expression in Prokaryotes – Operon

concept Regulation of gene expression in Eukaryotes – Transcriptional activation, Galactose

metabolism in yeast. Gene organization and expression in mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Regulation of gene expression during development in Drosophila.

Page | 19

Fourth Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)




1. Preparation of DNA model.

2. Estimation of RNA by Orcinol method.

3. Estimation of DNA by DPA method and determination of Tm value and purity of DNA.

4. Detergent lysis of RNA.

5. Osmotic lysis of RNA.

6. Extraction of protein from Animal (goat) liver / muscle source by salt precipitation and

organic solvent method and estimation of protein by Lowry’s method.

7. Extraction of protein from plant source (Green gram / Pea) by salt precipitation and

organic solvent method and estimation of protein by Lowry’s method.

8. Protein separation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

9. Demonstration of Conjugation, transformation and transduction by charts

References:

1. Darnell J., Lodish H., and Baltimore D.1990: molecular cell biology, Scientific American

books inc., New York.

2. De Roberties, E.P.D. and De Roberties, E.M.S. 1988: cell and molecular biology. Lea and

Jeliger. Philadelphians K.M. Varghese company.

3. Freifelder D and Malacinski G.M 1993, Essentials of molecular biology, Jones and

Barklett Publishers Inc.

4. GerogeM. Malacinski 1998: Essentials of molecular biology, Jones and Barklett

Publishers Inc.

5. Glick B.R. and Pasternak, J.J.1994: Molecular biotechnology, principles and applications

of recombinant DNA, American Society for microbiology, Washington DC

6. Griffith A.J.F, Miller, J.H. Suzuki, 2000: An introduction to genetic analysis, 7th Ed.

W.H. Freeman, NewYork

7. Howe C 1995: Gene cloning and manipulation, Cambridge university press, USA.

8. Karp G 1996: Cell and Molecular biology concept and experiment, John Wiley and sons

Inc. New York

9. Roger L.P. Adams, John T and David P. Leader Biochemistry of Nucleic acid, Chapman

and Holl publications

10. Sandhya Mitra 1988: Elements of Molecular Biology, MacMilan Publications.

11. Smith, Molecular Biology, Faber and Faber publications.

12. Walker J.M and Gingold E.B.1983 Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Indian edition

Royal society of chemistry UK

13. Watson J.D., Hopkins, N.H. Robert and Weiner A.M.1987, Molecular Biology of Gene

4th Ed., Benjamin Publ Co. New York.

14. Biotechnology &Genomics: P.K. Gupta

15. Molecular biology: Avinash & Kakoli Upadhyay

16. Cell & Molecular biology: S.C. Rastogy

Page | 20

Fourth Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology) Skill Enhancement Course

Paper Code: BTNSECT 4.2 Paper Title: Industrial Fermentations



UNIT I 15 Hours

Production of industrial chemicals, biochemicals and chemotherapeutic products. Propionic

acid, butyric acid, 2-3 butanediol, gluconic acid, itaconic acid, Biofuels: Biogas, Ethanol,

butanol, hydrogen, biodiesel, microbial electricity, starch conversion processes; Microbial

polysaccharides; Microbial insecticides; microbial flavours and fragrances, newer antibiotics,

anti-cancer agents, amino acids.

UNIT II 15 Hours

Microbial products of pharmacological interest, steriod fermentations and transformations.

Overproduction of microbial metabolite, Secondary metabolism – its significance and

products. Metabolic engineering of secondary metabolism for highest productivity. Enzyme

and cell immobilization techniques in industrial processing

References:

1. Casida LE. (1991). Industrial Microbiology. 1st edition. Wiley Eastern Limited.

2. Crueger W and Crueger A. (2000). Biotechnology: A textbook of Industrial

Microbiology.2nd edition. Panima Publishing Co. New Delhi.

3. Patel AH. (1996). Industrial Microbiology. 1st edition, Macmillan India Limited.

4. Stanbury PF, Whitaker A and Hall SJ. (2006). Principles of Fermentation

Technology. 2nd

edition, Elsevier Science Ltd.

5. Salisbury, Whitaker and Hall. Principles of fermentation Technology,

Page | 21

Fifth Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

Paper Code: BTNDSET 5.1 Paper Title: Plant and Animal Cell Technology



Unit 1. 15 Hours

Plant tissue culture: In vitro methods in plant tissue culture, aseptic Techniques. Types of

nutrient media and use of growth regulators (Auxins, Cytokininis and Gibberellins). In vitro

fertilization – Ovary and Ovule culture. Micropropogation of elite species. Organ Culture –

Anther, Embryo and Endosperm culture and their applications.

Unit 2. 15 Hours

Protoplast Culture: Isolation, regeneration and viability test, somantic hybridization,

methods of protoplast fusion – chemical and electro fusion, practical application of somantic

hybridization and cybridization. Somaclonal variation and their significance. In vitro

production of secondary metabolites – Techniques and significance. Transgenic plants:

Technique of transformation – biological (Agrobacterium mediated), physical and chemical

methods.

Unit 3. 15 Hours

Animal cell culture: Media and its components - Primary Culture – Cell lines, and cloning

disaggregation of tissue, isolation of tissue, enzyme disaggregation, and mechanical

disaggregation. Secondary Culture – transformed animal cells and continious cell lines.

Growth factors – Promting proliferation of animal cells EGF, FGF, PDGF, IL-1, IL-2, NGF

and erythropoietin.

Unit 4. 15 Hours

Transgenic animals: Transfection of animal cell lines. Selectable Makers and

Transplantaion of Cultural Cells. Expression of Cloned proteins in animal cell – Expression

vector, over production and downstream processing of the expressed proteins. Biotechnology

and Intellectual property rights: Patents, trade secrests, copyright, trademark,

Geographical indications, WIPO, TRIPS. Procedure involved in patenting biotechnological

inventions.

Page | 22


Paper Code: BTNDSEP 5.1 Paper Title: Practicals-5



1. Preparation of culture media (plant and animal)

2. Production of Callus and suspension Culture

3. Plant Protoplast Isolation

4. Plant propagation through Tissue culture (shoot tip and Nodal culture)

5. Planting and Maintenance of Medicinally important plants and its medicinal importance (1

student, 2 Plants compulsory)

6. Preparation of Synthesis seeds

7.Anther Culture

8. Trypsinization of animal tissue

9. Animal cell culture of trypsinized cells

10. Preparation of balanced salt solutions :( Hank and Earl)

11. Extraction of serum (chicken / mammalian).

12. Chick embryo extract (10-11 days embryos).

13. Culture of animal cells (chick embryo cells) by following techniques.

a) Plasma clot. b) Single slide method / hanging drop technique.c) Range method.

d) Grid method.

Reference:

1. Ravishankar G.A and Venkataraman L.V(1997) Biotechnology applications of Plant

Tissue & cell culture. Oxford & IBH Publishing co., Pvt Ltd.

2. Bhan (1998) tissue Culture, Mittal Publications, New Delhi.

3. Islan A.C (1996) Plant Tissue Culture, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., Pvt. Ltd.

4. LydianeKyte& John Kleyn (1996) Plants from test tubes. An introduction to

Micropropogation (3rd Edition) timber Press, Partland.

5. Kumar H.D (1991) A test book book on Biotechnology (2nd Edition). Affiliated East

West Press Private Ltd. New Delhi.

6. Chrispeel M.J. and Sdava D.E. (1994 Plants, Genes and agriculture, Jones and Barlett

Publishers, Boston.

7. Reinert J. and Bajaj y.P.S (1997) Applied and fundamental Aspects of Plant Cell, Tissue,

and Organ Culture, NarosaPublishning House.

8. .Bhan 1998.’Tissue culture’, mittal publication. New Delhi.

Page | 23

9. Chatwal.G.R.1995: Text Book of Biotechnology, Anmol Publ.Pvt.Ltd.

10. Chawla H.S. Introduction to Plant Biotechnology , 2007, Oxford and IBM publishing Co

Ltd., New Delhi.

11. Chadha K.L. Hand book of Horticulture, 2007, Indian Courses of Agri research, New

Delhi

12. Crueger.W.andCrueger.A:Biotechnology – A textbook of Industrial Microbiology.2nd

Ed.

13. Gamborg and Phillips .1996 Plant cell, tissue and Organ

Culture:Fundamentalmethods.NarosaPubl,

14. Gupta P.K.1996: Elements of biotechnology; Rastogi and Company.

15. Harrison,Maureen,A.,Rac.Ian.F. 1997: General Technique of cell culture.Cambridge

University Press. York

16. Freshney R.L. 1987: Cultures of animal cells: A manual of basic

techniques.IanR.Freshney: Wiley-Liss (3rd Ed) culture of Animal cells

17. John.R.W: Animal cell culture-practical approach, oxford

18. Pulher A. 1993: Genetic Engineering of animals, VCH publishers, Weinhelm FRG.

19. Ravi Shankar G.A and Venkataram L.V. 1997, Recent advances in biotechnology, oxford

and IBH Publishing company.

20. Sateesh M.K.2003 Biotechnology-5, New age international publishers

21. Spier R.E.and Griffith T.B.1987: Modern approaches to animal cell technology,

Somerset,

22. Butterworth and company

Page | 24


Paper Code: BTNDSET 5.2A Paper Title: Recombinant DNA and Nano-Technology



Unit: 1 15 Hours

Introduction to Genetic Engineering Tools of Genetic engineering:

Enzymes- Restriction endonucleases: Classification, Nomenclature, Their application in

recombinant DNA technology.

Ligages: DNA ligases and their application, enzymes to modify DNA molecules.

Vectors/Vehicle DNA: Plasmid and their features, some common Vectors-PBR 322, PUC9,

vector from bacteriophage λ (lamda) Phage M-13. cosmids.

Unit:2 15 Hours

Gene cloning: Methods of introducing gene in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (E.coli and yeast

cells as cloning host). Detection of the right clone Direct screening, direct selection, indirect

screening technique, nucleic acid Probe.

Cells for cloning: E.coli, Bacillussubtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Gene libraries: Genomic library, cDNA library and phase lamda Vs cosmid For Gene

libraries.

Mapping the DNA: Restriction mapping, DNA finger printing.

Unit:3 15 Hours

DNA sequencing: Maxam-Gillbert’s method. Sanger and Coulson’s method Primer,

template, the dideoxy nucleotide terminators and deoxynucleotides and polymerase. Using

computers for sequencing and analyzing DNA Sequence Molecular biology techniques

Electrophoretic techniques- Proteins and nucleic acids. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Site

directed mutagenesis (SDM). Blotting techniques-Southern, Western and Northern blot.

Applications of r-DNA technology in human health Production of recombinant vaccines-

Hepatitis B Production of human growth hormone. Human genome project and its

implication.

Unit 4 15 Hours

Introduction to Nano-world, The nanoscale dimension and paradigm, Definitions and

historical evolution (colloids etc.) and current practice. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology -

Physical and Chemical Fundamentals of Nanomaterials, Applications in nanotechnology viz.

Biosensors, separation of cells and cell organelles, drug delivery, gene therapy etc.Synthesis

of nanostructures: Natural in inorganic, Natural in organism, chemical and physical methods

–Sol Process, Micelle, Chemical Precipitation, Hydrothermal Method, Pyrolysis, Bio-based

Protocol, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Sputtering etc. Applications in various fields viz.

Physical and Chemical, Materials, Life Sciences.

Page | 25


Paper Code: BTNDSEP 5.2A Paper Title: Practicals-6A



1. Isolation / extraction of genomic DNA from bacteria, yeast, plant and animal Tissues.

2. Study of denaturation and renaturation of DNA.

3. Quantification of extracted DNA by spectrophotometer.

4. Isolation of plasmid DNA (E.coli).

5. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA..

6. Study of transformation by kits.

7. Isolation of phages by sewage sample.

8. Restriction digestion.

9. DNA finger printing: Comparison of two plates of monomorphic and dimorphic bands

(Photographs).

10. Study of gene cloning through charts.

11. Study of principles of genetic engineering equipments.

A) PCR machine

B) Laminar air flow cabinet.

C) Refrigerated centrifuge.

D) CO2 incubator.

E) ELISA reader.

F) Incubator shaker.

12. Synthesis of Al2O3 nanoparticles using sol gel method.

13. Synthesis of Fe2O3, AuCl2 and AgO2 nanoparticles by chemical method.

14. Synthesis of semiconductor (ZnS, CdS etc.) nanoparticles by chemical method.

15. Synthesis of nanoparticles using biological process – (2-3 methods).

16. Detection of nanoparticles in colloidal solutions using UV-Vis absorption Technique

Page | 26


Paper Code: BTNDSET 5.2B Paper Title: Bioinformatics



UNIT I 15 Hours

History of Bioinformatics. The notion of Homology. Sequence Information Sources, EMBL,

GENBANK, Entrez, Unigene, Understanding the structure of each source and using it on the

web.

UNIT II

Protein Information Sources, PDB, SWISSPROT, TREMBL, Understanding the structure of

each source and using it on the web. Introduction of Data Generating Techniques and

Bioinformatics problem posed by them- Restriction Digestion, Chromatograms, Blots, PCR,

Microarrays, Mass Spectrometry.

UNIT III 15 Hours

Sequence and Phylogeny analysis, Detecting Open Reading Frames, Outline of sequence

Assembly, Mutation/Substitution Matrices, Pairwise Alignments, Introduction to BLAST,

using it on the web, Interpreting results, Multiple Sequence Alignment, Phylogenetic

Analysis.

UNIT IV 15 Hours

Searching Databases: SRS, Entrez, Sequence Similarity Searches-BLAST, FASTA, Data

Submission. Genome Annotation: Pattern and repeat finding, Gene identification tools.

BTDSE T52B: PRACTICAL-VB Total hours: 60

1. Sequence information resource

2. Understanding and use of various web resources: EMBL, Genbank, Entrez, Unigene,

Protein information resource (PIR)

3. Understanding and using: PDB, Swissprot, TREMBL

4. Using various BLAST and interpretation of results.

5. Retrieval of information from nucleotide databases.

6. Sequence alignment using BLAST.

7. Multiple sequence alignment using Clustal W.

References:

1. Ghosh Z. and Bibek anand M. (2008) Bioinformatics: Principles and Applications. Oxford

University Press.

2. Pevsner J. (2009) Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics. II Edition. Wiley-Blackwell.

3. Campbell A. M., Heyer L. J. (2006) Discovering Genomics, Proteomics and

Bioinformatics. II Edition. Benjamin Cummings.

Page | 27


Paper Code: BTNDSET 5.2B Paper Title: Practicals-5B


Total hours:45 Credits: 1

1. Isolation / extraction of genomic DNA from bacteria, yeast, plant and animal Tissues.

2. Study of denaturation and renaturation of DNA.

3. Quantification of extracted DNA by spectrophotometer.

4. Isolation of plasmid DNA (E. coli).

5. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA.

6. Study of transformation by kits.

7. Isolation of phages by sewage sample.

8. Restriction digestion.

9. DNA finger printing: Comparison of two plates of monomorphic and dimorphic bands

(Photographs).

10. Study of gene cloning through charts.

11. Study of principles of genetic engineering equipments.

A) PCR machine

B) Laminar air flow cabinet.

C) Refrigerated centrifuge.

D) CO2 incubator.

E) ELISA reader.

F) Incubator shaker.

12. Synthesis of Al2O3 nanoparticles using sol gel method.

13. Synthesis of Fe2O3, AuCl2 and AgO2 nanoparticles by chemical method.

14. Synthesis of semiconductor (ZnS, CdS etc.) nanoparticles by chemical method.

15. Synthesis of nanoparticles using biological process – (2-3 methods).

16. Detection of nanoparticles in colloidal solutions using UV-Vis absorption Technique

Page | 28

Fifth Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology) Skill Enhancement Course

Paper Code: BTNSECT 5.3 Paper Title:



UNIT I 15 Hours

Production of industrial chemicals, biochemicals and chemotherapeutic products. Propionic

acid, butyric acid, 2-3 butanediol, gluconic acid, itaconic acid, Biofuels: Biogas, Ethanol,

butanol, hydrogen, biodiesel, microbial electricity, starch conversion processes; Microbial

polysaccharides; Microbial insecticides; microbial flavours and fragrances, newer antibiotics,

anti-cancer agents, amino acids.

UNIT II 15 Hours

Microbial products of pharmacological interest, steriod fermentations and transformations.

Overproduction of microbial metabolite, Secondary metabolism – its significance and

products. Metabolic engineering of secondary metabolism for highest productivity. Enzyme

and cell immobilization techniques in industrial processing, enzymes in organic synthesis,

proteolytic enzymes, hydrolytic enzymes, glucose isomerase, enzymes in food

technology/organic synthesis.

SUGGESTED READING

1. Casida LE. (1991). Industrial Microbiology. 1st edition. Wiley Eastern Limited.

2. Crueger W and Crueger A. (2000). Biotechnology: A textbook of Industrial

Microbiology.2nd edition. Panima Publishing Co. New Delhi.

3. Patel AH. (1996). Industrial Microbiology. 1st edition, Macmillan India Limited.

4. Stanbury PF, Whitaker A and Hall SJ. (2006). Principles of Fermentation Technology.

2nd

edition, Elsevier Science Ltd.

5. Salisbury, Whitaker and Hall. Principles of fermentation Technology,

Page | 29

Sixth Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

Paper Code: BTNDSET 6.1 Paper Title: Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology



PART A: INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

Unit:1 15 Hours

Introduction to industrial biotechnology, Basic principle of fermentation technology.

Design of fermenter and types: Introduction, aseptic operation of fermenter, control and

measurement Equipment &f fermenter, pH, impeller, sparger, batch, aeration, Agitation,

temperature control & foam control, types of fermenters – typical, airlift, Bubble up

fermenter. Screening & isolation of industrially important microorganisms

Downstream process: Introduction, removal of microbial & other solid matter, Foam

separation, filtration, centrifugation and application

Fermentation media: Natural and synthetic media, Sterilization techniques- Heat, Radiation,

and filtration methods.

Production of microbial products: Lactic acid, Alcohol, penicillin & amylase.

Unit:2 15 Hours

Fermented foods: Fermented Foods-Yoghurt, Buttermilk, Dosa, cheese, Tempeh Microbial

Foods-Single cell protein (SCP) and single cell oils (SCO). Plant cell suspension culture

for the production of food additives: Saffron and capsaicin and shikonin.

Technique of mass culture of algae: Spirulina. Microbial polysaccharides and polyesters;

production of xanthan gum and Polyhydroxy alkanoids (PHA).

PART B: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: (30 Hours)

Unit:3 15 Hours

Renewable and non-renewable resources of energy. Impact of conventional and non-

conventional fuels on environment. Biodegradation (xenobiotic compounds –simple,

aromatic and petroleum products) and bioremediation. Solid waste management: Biogas

production and its advantage.

UNIT:4 15 Hours

Microbial ore leaching and recovery: Biomining. Treatment of municipal waste and

industrial effluents Study of Vermicomposting. Study of Air, water and Soil pollution.

Environmental protection Act and related issues. Concept of global warming, ozone depletion

(greenhouse effect, acid rain &Eco farming).

Page | 30


Paper Code: BTNDSEP 6.1 Paper Title: Practicals-6A



1. Identification of industrially important microorganisms; E.coli, Saccharomyces

Cereviceae, Spirulina.

2. Algal and Fungal culture – Spirulina, Agaricus, Yeast and Aspergillus.

3. Study of sugar fermentation by microorganisms by acid and gas production.

4. Preparation of wine from Grape, Banana / sweet potato.

5. Study of Bio gas plant.

6. Production of Biofertilizers, Vermi composting.

7. Estimation of Lactic acid.

8. Estimation of Lactose.

9. Bacteriological examination of water by MPN method.

10. Analysis of water samples for BOD, O2, toxic chemicals and microbial flora.

11. Determination of quality of water by MPN test.

12. Estimation of solids in sewage.

13. Visit to research centers / institutions / Industries.

NOTE: A report on the visit should be written and submitted along with Practical record.

References:

Industrial microbiology:

1. Caside, LE 1968: Industrial microbiology, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi

2. Dubey, A.R.C.1995: A text book of Biotechnology.

3. Glazer A.N and Nikaido H-1995: Microbiology Biotechnology W.H. Freemanans co.

4. Harrison, Maureen. A, Ral, Ian F 1997: General Techniques of cell culture, Cambridge

University Press.

5. Jay James M – 1996: Modern food microbiology CBS Publishers, New Delhi

6. Mallik. V.S and Sridhar P 1992 : Industrial microbiology

7. Patel A H. 1984: Industrial Biotechnology

8. Prakash M and Arora C.K.1998: Cell and Tissue Culture, New Delhi.

Page | 31

9. Prescot S.C and Dunn C 1984: Industrial microbiology, McGraw Hill, New York

10. Purohit S.S., Mathur S.K.1996: Biotechnology-fundamentals and applications. Agro

botanical Publishers, New Delhi

11. Singh B D.2000: Biotechnology, kalyani publishers, Ludhiana.

12. Spier, R.E. and Griffith J.B.1987: Modern approaches to animal cell technology,

Somerset, Butterworth and company ltd.

13. Stanbury P.F., Whitaker H . 1997: Principle of fermentation technology, Adity book

limited.

14. Sullia S.B and Shantaram S. 1998: General Microbiology, Oxford and IBM publishing

Co.


16. Wulfer Cruger and Annelier: Biotechnology. A text book of Industrial Microbiology.

Cruger- Panima Publishing corporation, New Delhi

Environmental Biotechnology:

1. A.K.D.E.: Environmental Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.

2. Agarwal K.C. 1996: Biodiversity. Agro-botanical publishers, New Delhi.

3. Alexander N. Glazer, Hiroshi Nikaida, 1995 Microbial biotechnology, Freeman and co.

4. Allosopp D and Seal K.J.: introduction to biodeteriation, EL 85/Edward Arnold

5. Baker. K.H. and Herson D.S.1994: Bioremediation McGraw Hill Inc., New York

6. Chatterji A.K 2002, introduction to environmental biotechnology, Prentice Hall of India,

New Delhi

7. Christon J, Harst 1997, Manual of Environmental Microbiology, ASM Press, Washington

DC

8. D.P.Singh and S.K.Dwivedi, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, New age

International Publishers

9. Dicastri F and Younes T, 1996, Biodiversity Science and development CAB

International, Walfinhfords UK

10. Foster C.F. John WAe D.A Environmental Biotechnology, Ellis Horword Limited.

11. Grabiel Baston 1994: Waste Water Microbiology, willey-Lissinc., New York.

12. Lehinger T et.al Microbiology Degradation of Xenobiotics and Recalcitrant compounds,

Academic Press, New York.

13. Metcalt and Eddy Inc., Waste Water Engineering- Treatment disposal and Reuse, Tata

McGraw Hill, Delhi.

14. Mitchell R. Water Pollution Microbiology Vol I and II, Wiley inter science, NewYork.

15. Sinha R.K. 1997: Global Biodiversity, INA, Shree Publishers, Jaipur.

Page | 32


Paper Code: BTNDSET 6.2A Paper Title: Agricultural and Medical Biotechnology

Total Teaching Hours: 4 H / Week Marks: Th-80+IA-20


PART A - AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY :30 Hours

Unit:1 15 Hours

Introduction to agricultural biotechnology. Crop improvement, hybridization and plant

breeding techniques Plant tissue culture application in agriculture, horticulture and

cryopreservation Study of biopesticides used in agriculture (Neem as example), Integrated

Pest Management.

Unit:2 15 Hours

Mechanism of biological nitrogen fixation process, study of nif, nod and hup genes in

Biological nitrogen fixation

Biofertilizers: Mechanism of growth promotion by microbial inoculants- Rhizobium,

Bradyrhizobium, Azospirullum, Azatobactor and Mycorrhizae. Use of plant growth regulators

in Agriculture and Horticulture.

Transgenic plants: Techniques and application (Bt. Cotton and Golden Rice).

PART B- MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: 30 Hours

Unit:3 15 Hours

Introduction and scope of medical biotechnology.

Vaccine: Production of Bacterial and Viral vaccines, recombinant vaccines and itsProduction

(FMDV) and gene vaccines.

Enzymes used in Diagnosis: Immobilized enzymes.

Enzymes in Therapy: Important enzymes and their therapeutic applications. Insulin

production by recombinant DNA technology.

Antisense Technology: Principles and applications.

UNIT:4 15 Hours

Therapeutic proteins: Important proteins and their therapeutic applications- Somatotropin,

Cytokines, Interleukin, Interferon, Human Factor-VIII and IX. Hybridoma Technology

Production of monoclonal antibodies and their applications. Human Gene Therapy

Somatic and Germline therapy. In vivo and in vitro gene therapy with an example each,

scope of Human Gene Therapy.

Page | 33


Paper Code: BTNDSEP 6.2A Paper Title: Practicals-6A



BTDSE P62A: PRACTICAL VIA

1. Isolation of soil microorganisms – rhizobium, azotobacter and mycorrhiza

2. Estimation of Soil alkality

3. Estimation of soil organic matter

4. Effect of bio-pesticides on the growth of microorganisms.

5. Isolation of rhizobium from root nodules.

6. Study of R:S ratio (Rhizosphere : Non rhizosphere samples)

7. Culturing microorganisms from vermi compost.

8. Seed inoculation with rhizobium culture and observation for root nodulation.

9. Photographic demonstration of transgenic crop plants / animals and agricultural

1. Biotechnology innovations.

2. Preparation of biocontrol formulation.

3. Biofertilizer Formulations

4. Culturing of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria and verification of resistance.

5. Demonstration of PCR for diagnosis of a disease.

6. Study of life cycle of Honeybee and Silkworm.

Reference:

Agricultural Biotechnology:

1. Chatwal G.R.1995: Text Book of Biotechnology, Anmol Pub. Pvt.Ltd.

2. Chrispeel M.J. and Sdava D.E.1994, Plant Genes and Agriculture, Jones and

BarlettPublishers, Boston.

3. Cruger W and Cruger A.: Biotechnology- A texr book of Industrial Microbiology, 2nd

edn.

4. Gamborg and Phillips 1996: Plant Cell, tissue and organ culture: Fundamental

methods,Narosa Pub.

5. Gupta .P.K.1996: Elements of Biotechnology, Rasotagi and company.

6. Ignacimuthu S. 1996: Applied Plant Biotechnology.

7. Natesh S, Chopra. V.L and Ramachandra S. 1994: Biotechnology in Agriculture, Oxford

and IBM Publ Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

8. Prakash M and Arora C.K.1998: Cell and Tissue Culture, New Delhi

9. Razdan M.K.1993: An introduction to Plant Biotechnology.


11. Plant Biotechnology & Molecular Markers (2004) Shrivastava et al

12. Agricultural Biotechnology (1998) Altman, A.

13. Plant Biotechnology: The Genetic Manipulation of Plant (2004) Adrianstateret Legal

Aspect of Gene Technology (2004) Brian, C.

14. The GMO Hand Book: Genetically Modified Animals, Microbes & Plant (2004) Sarad,

R.P.

Page | 34


Paper Code: BTNDSET 6.2B Paper Title: Medical Biology



UNIT I (15 Hrs)

Introduction: Normal microflora of human body, nosocomial infections, carriers, septic

shock, septicemia, pathogenicity, virulence factors, toxins, biosafety levels. Morphology,

pathogenesis, symptoms, laboratory diagnosis, preventive measures and chemotherapy of

gram-positive bacteria: S. aureus, S. pyogenes, B. anthracis, C. perferinges, C. tetani, C.

botulinum, C. diphtheriae M. tuberculosis, M. leprae.

UNIT II (15 Hrs)

Morphology, pathogeneis, symptoms, laboratory diagnosis, preventive measures

andchemotherapy caused by gram negative bacteria: E.coli, N. gonorrhoea, N. meningitidis,

P.aeruginosa, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae, Y. pestis, B. abortus, H. influenzae, V. cholerae,

M.pneumoniae, T. pallidum M. pneumoniae, Rickettsiaceae, Chlamydiae.

UNIT III (15 Hrs)

Diseases caused by viruses- Picornavirus, Orthomyxoviruses, Paramyxoviruses,

Rhabdoviruses, Reoviruses, Pox virus, Herpes virus, Papova virus, Retro viruses (including

HIV/AIDS) and Hepatitis viruses.

UNIT IV (15 Hrs)

Fungal and Protozoan infections. Dermatophytoses (Trichophyton, Microsporun and

Epidermophyton) Subcutaneous infection (Sporothrix, Cryptococcus), systemic infection

(Histoplasma, Coccidoides) and opportunistic fungal infections (Candidiasis, Aspergillosis),

Gastrointestinal infections (Amoebiasis, Giardiasis), Blood-borne infections (Leishmaniasis,

Malaria)

Page | 35


Paper Code: BTNDSEP 6.2B Paper Title: Practicals-6B



BTDSE P62B: PRACTICAL-VIB

1. Identification of pathogenic bacteria (any two) based on cultural, morphological and

biochemical characteristics.

2. Growth curve of a bacterium.

3. To perform antibacterial testing by Kirby-Bauer method.

4. To prepare temporary mounts of Aspergillus and Candida by appropriate staining.

5. Staining methods: Gram’s staining permanent slides showing Acid fast staining, Capsule

staining and spore staining.

References:

1. Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS and Morse SA. (2007). Jawetz, Melnick and Adelberg’s

Medical Microbiology. 24th edition. McGraw Hill Publication.

2. Goering R, Dockrell H, Zuckerman M and Wakelin D. (2007). Mims’ Medical

Microbiology.4th edition. Elsevier.

3. Willey JM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2008). Prescott

Page | 36

Sixth Semester B.Sc. (Biotechnology) Skill Enhancement Course

Paper Code: BTNSEC 6.3 Paper Title: Basics of Forensic Science



Unit I (15 hours)

Introduction and principles of forensic science, forensic science laboratory and its

organization and service, tools and techniques in forensic science, branches of forensic

science, causes of crime, role of modus operandi in criminal investigation. Classification

of injuries and their medico-legal aspects, method of assessing various types of deaths.

Unit II (15 hours

Classification of fire arms and explosives, introduction to internal, external and terminal

ballistics. Chemical evidence for explosives. General and individual characteristics of

hand writing, examination and comparison of handwritings and analysis of ink various

samples.

SUGGESTED READING

1. Molecular Biotechnology- Principles and Applications of recombinant DNA. ASM Press

Washington.

2. B.B. Nanda and R.K. Tiwari, Forensic Science in India: A Vision for the Twenty First

Century, Select Publishers, New Delhi (2001).

3. M.K. Bhasin and S. Nath, Role of Forensic Science in the New Millennium, Universityof

Delhi, Delhi (2002).

4. S.H. James and J.J. Nordby, Forensic Science: A n Introduction to Scientific and

Investigative Techniques, 2nd Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton (2005).

5. W.G. Eckert and R.K. Wright in Introduction to Forensic Sciences, 2nd Edition,

W.G.Eckert (ED.), CRC Press, Boca Raton (1997).

6. R. Saferstein, Criminalistics, 8th Edition, Prentice Hall, New Jersey (2004).

7. W.J. Tilstone, M.L. Hastrup and C. Hald, Fisher’s Techniques of Crime

SceneInvestigation, CRC Press, Boca Raton (2013).

Documents

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