Self-esteem: The overall way we Self-esteem: The overall way we evaluate ourselves.evaluate ourselves.

Emotional development is Emotional development is characterized bycharacterized by

Increased interest in self-portrayalIncreased interest in self-portrayal Search for an identitySearch for an identity Emotional swingsEmotional swings

The Self and Emotional Development in The Self and Emotional Development in AdolescenceAdolescence

ADOLESCENT PROBLEMSADOLESCENT PROBLEMS

Broad concept = minor infractions to Broad concept = minor infractions to

murdermurder Males = 80%Males = 80% Females increasingFemales increasing More males than females are arrestedMore males than females are arrested Property offenses are committed more Property offenses are committed more

than any other crime, by both sexesthan any other crime, by both sexes

1. Juvenile Delinquency 1. Juvenile Delinquency

Top 10 Juvenile Delinquent ActsTop 10 Juvenile Delinquent Acts

10. motor vehicle 10. motor vehicle thefttheft

9.burglary9.burglary 8.robbery8.robbery 7.arson7.arson 6.running 6.running

away,truancyaway,truancy

5.larceny, theft5.larceny, theft 4.vandalism4.vandalism 3.drug possession, 3.drug possession,

distributiondistribution 2.underage 2.underage

drinkingdrinking 1.breaking curfew1.breaking curfew

Causes of DelinquencyCauses of Delinquency

HeredityHeredity Identity problemsIdentity problems Community Community

influencesinfluences Family experiencesFamily experiences Lower class cultureLower class culture Antisocial peer Antisocial peer

groups and gangsgroups and gangs Poor gradesPoor grades High absenteeismHigh absenteeism

Status given for Status given for antisocial behavior antisocial behavior

High crime areas have High crime areas have criminal role modelscriminal role models

Community resources Community resources are inadequateare inadequate

Family drug abuse, Family drug abuse, alcoholism, and alcoholism, and conflictconflict

Poor self esteemPoor self esteem

2. Suicide2. Suicide

Suicide is the third leading cause of death Suicide is the third leading cause of death

among among

13- to 19-year-olds in U.S.13- to 19-year-olds in U.S.

Females are more likely to attempt suicideFemales are more likely to attempt suicide

Males are more likely to commit suicideMales are more likely to commit suicide

Males use more lethal means than femalesMales use more lethal means than females

Suicide is affected by genetic and emotional Suicide is affected by genetic and emotional

factorsfactors

3. Drugs and alcohol3. Drugs and alcohol

How many adolescents drink to How many adolescents drink to intoxication at least once per month?intoxication at least once per month?

25%25% How many teens are regular smokers?How many teens are regular smokers? 22%22% Used crack, cocaine, or heroine?Used crack, cocaine, or heroine? 14%14% Daily marijuana users?Daily marijuana users? 4%4%

AlcoholAlcohol

More than five million More than five million high school students high school students binge drink (consume binge drink (consume five or more alcoholic five or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting) at drinks in one sitting) at least once a month. least once a month.

Individuals who begin Individuals who begin drinking before age 15 are drinking before age 15 are four times more likely to four times more likely to become alcohol dependent become alcohol dependent than those who begin than those who begin drinking at age 21. drinking at age 21.

The prevalence of The prevalence of lifetime alcohol abuse is lifetime alcohol abuse is greatest for those who greatest for those who begin drinking at age 14begin drinking at age 14

One-third of 6th and One-third of 6th and 9th graders obtain 9th graders obtain alcohol from their alcohol from their own homes.own homes.

MarijuanaMarijuana

Marijuana is the Nation's most Marijuana is the Nation's most commonly used illicit drug. commonly used illicit drug. NOT ANY NOT ANY MORE… Prescription Drugs nowMORE… Prescription Drugs now

In 2001, marijuana was used by 76% In 2001, marijuana was used by 76% of current illicit drug users. of current illicit drug users.

The The gateway drug theorygateway drug theory is the belief that use of a is the belief that use of a lower classed drugs can lower classed drugs can lead to the subsequent use lead to the subsequent use of "harder", more of "harder", more dangerous drugs. dangerous drugs.

The term is also used to The term is also used to describe introductory describe introductory experiences to addictive experiences to addictive substances. Some believe substances. Some believe tobacco, alcohol, and tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana are gateway marijuana are gateway drugs.drugs.

Initial experiences with marijuana, Initial experiences with marijuana, which are frequently rated as which are frequently rated as pleasurable, may encourage pleasurable, may encourage continued use of marijuana and also continued use of marijuana and also broader experimentation. broader experimentation.

Seemingly safe early Seemingly safe early experiences with marijuana experiences with marijuana may reduce the perceived risk may reduce the perceived risk of, and therefore barriers to, of, and therefore barriers to, the use of other drugs. the use of other drugs.

For example, as the vast majority of For example, as the vast majority of those who use marijuana do not those who use marijuana do not experience any legal consequences of experience any legal consequences of their use, such use may act to their use, such use may act to diminish the strength of legal diminish the strength of legal sanctions against the use of all drugs.sanctions against the use of all drugs.

Access to marijuana may Access to marijuana may lead to increased access to lead to increased access to other drugsother drugs

There are studies that There are studies that discount the gateway theorydiscount the gateway theory It is being criticized by some It is being criticized by some

researchersresearchers Some people think it minimizes Some people think it minimizes

addiction to lower class drugsaddiction to lower class drugs

InhalantsInhalants

11% of teens have used 11% of teens have used inhalantsinhalants

CocaineCocaine

8.2% of high school 8.2% of high school seniors reported having seniors reported having ever used cocaine ever used cocaine

HeroinHeroin

2.4 % of teenagers have 2.4 % of teenagers have used heroinused heroin

This % is reportedly This % is reportedly increasing nowincreasing now

HallucinogensHallucinogens

Approximately 11% of high Approximately 11% of high school seniors have ever school seniors have ever used LSD or other typesused LSD or other types

4. Eating disorders4. Eating disorders

Anorexia-nervosa—self starvation, Anorexia-nervosa—self starvation, distorted body imagedistorted body image

Bulimia—self induced vomiting, Bulimia—self induced vomiting, binging and purgingbinging and purging Both mainly affect females—usually a Both mainly affect females—usually a

coping mechanism for anxiety and coping mechanism for anxiety and conflictconflict

5. Mental Health Issues5. Mental Health Issues

Anxiety disorders- OCDAnxiety disorders- OCD Panic disordersPanic disorders DepressionDepression

All increasing in teensAll increasing in teens