Self check

  1. I think I can study English 1. I think I can study English byby memorizing the   memorizing the  words of pop songs words of pop songs becausebecause it is the best   it is the best  way to learn new words. way to learn new words.   2. I think I can study English   2. I think I can study English byby reading English   reading English  magazines magazines becausebecause it can help us learn new words  it can help us learn new words 3. I think I can study 3. I think I can study byby using English  using English becausebecause we   we  can practice more and study English well .  can practice more and study English well .  4. I think I can study 4. I think I can study byby studying grammar  studying grammar becbecauseause it’s a great way to learn sentence structures  it’s a great way to learn sentence structures 5. I don’t think I can learn English 5. I don’t think I can learn English byby watching   watching  English movies English movies becausebecause the native speakers   the native speakers  speak too quickly . speak too quickly . 

Read these sentences paying attention to the underlined parts.

I study by working with a group.

Do you learn English by watching videos?

Try to guess a word’s meaning by reading the sentences before and after it.

You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day.

Drills

“by + 动名词”常常表示手段、方式或方法，可以用来回答 how 引导的特殊疑问句。

--- How do you learn English?

--- I learn English by watching English

movies.

Oral English

• How do you study English?• How do you study for a test?• How do you learn to ride a

bike?• How do you remember the

words?

Lin Lin often practices English _______

chatting with her American friends.

A. in B. by C. for D. with

【解析】选 B。句意：林林经常通过和美国朋友聊天练习英语。

Practice

我通过向老师求助学习。I study by asking the teacher for help.

We learn English by _________ (make) vocabulary lists ．

making

1.我们通过利用太阳的光和热使植物长地好。

2. 现在人们利用手机来进行交流。

Translate the sentences into English.

We can make plants grow well by using the light and heat from the sun.

Now people can communicate with each other by using cell phones.

3. Lily 通过少吃减肥吗？不，不是的。

4. 中国人通过植树来使环境越来越美丽。

Does Lucy lose weight by eating less food? No, she doesn't.

Chinese people make the environments more and more beautiful by planting trees.

by 的用法 介词 , 表示“通过……方法或途径的意

思” , 译成“靠 , 通过” , 后面可加名词、名词短语或动名词。可用来回答 how 引导的特殊疑问句。

1) The house was destroyed by fire.

房屋被火烧毁了。

by 的用法 介词 , 表示“通过……方法或途径的意

思” , 译成“靠 , 通过” , 后面可加名词、名词短语或动名词。可用来回答 how 引导的特殊疑问句。

1) The house was destroyed by fire.

房屋被火烧毁了。

2) travel by air / land / sea

航空（陆路，航海）旅行3) go by train / boat / bus

乘火车（船，公共汽车）4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手5) I study English by watching English movies.

我通过看英文电影学英语。

另外 , by 作为介词的意义有很多 , 例如 :

1 ）在……旁边，靠近 There is a power station by the river.

河边有一个电厂。 2 ）沿着，经由 to enter by the door 由门进去 3 ）由于 by mistake 由于差错；错误地

4 ）被，由 some articles written by Lu Xun

一些由鲁迅写的文章 5 ）表示相（乘）除（以计算面积） a room 5m by 4m

一间长五米宽四米的房间 6 ）逐一；连续 one by one 一个接一个

英汉互译I study English by listening to tapes. ( 通过听录音带 )

by studying with a group.

( )

by watching English programs on TV.

( )

by taking part in English classes after

school.

( )

通过小组学习

通过看英文电视节目

通过放学后上英语班

I study English

___________________________( 通过读英文杂志 ).

___________________________( 通过读教科书 ).

___________________________( 通过认真完成家庭作业 ).

by reading English magazines

by reading the textbook

by doing homework carefully

用 by的相关短语完成句子1. I think the best way to learn English is _____

______________ (通过大声朗读 ).

2. He usually goes to work __________ ( 乘地铁 ).

3. First walk _____________ (经过银行旁边 ),

and then turn left.

by reading aloud

by the bank

by subway

4. Can we sit ______________ (在窗子旁边 )? 5. You must be back home ____________ ( 到十点为止 ). 6. There are lots of trees __________ (沿河 ). 7. You must do your homework __________ （你自己 ). 8. English is widely used __________ (被人们 ) all over the world.

by the windowby ten o’clock

by the riverby yourself

by people

【 2011 四川德阳】 2. – How do you study for a test?

-- _____ working with friends.

A. By B. With C. On

答案： A

【解析】本题考查介词 by 的用法。 by 意为“通过……方式”； with 意为“和……在一起”； on 意为“朝 , 向” . 句意“你是怎么为考试作准备吗？”“通过和朋友一起学习。”只有 by 具有“通过……方式”的意思，故选A 。

• How do you come to school?How do you come to school?

• How are you?How are you?

• How far is it from your home to How far is it from your home to school?school?

• How long is the river?How long is the river?

• How long have you been collecting How long have you been collecting the stamps?the stamps?

• How deep is the river?How deep is the river?

How questions

How wide is the road?How wide is the road? How tall is the tree?How tall is the tree? How heavy is the box?How heavy is the box? How much is the shirt?How much is the shirt? How much milk is there in the bottle?How much milk is there in the bottle? How many students are there in your How many students are there in your class?class? How often do you eat junk food?How often do you eat junk food? How soon will you be back? How soon will you be back?

Language points:Language points: ① ① video—videos hero—heroesvideo—videos hero—heroespiano—pianos tomato—tomatoespiano—pianos tomato—tomatoesradio—radios potato—potatoesradio—radios potato—potatoeszoo—zoos photo—photoszoo—zoos photo—photos

② ②What about / How about + Ving?What about / How about + Ving? What about playing soccer?What about playing soccer?

③ ③ V+ -tion = N.V+ -tion = N.pronounce—pronunciationpronounce—pronunciation realize—realizationrealize—realization memorize—memorizationmemorize—memorization solute—solutionsolute—solution operate—operationoperate—operation frustrate—frustrationfrustrate—frustration impress—impressionimpress—impression decide—decisiondecide—decision

④ ④ voice(s)voice(s) He said in a low voice. He said in a low voice.noise noise The machine is making a lot of noise. The machine is making a lot of noise. sound sound Strange sounds come from the next Strange sounds come from the next room.room.

⑤ ⑤ too…to…too…to… She is too young to go to school.She is too young to go to school.too…for sb. to…too…for sb. to… The box is too heavy for her to carryThe box is too heavy for her to carry..

⑥ ⑥ the present perfect tensethe present perfect tense have/has + V.p.p.have/has + V.p.p. I have just finished my homework.I have just finished my homework. I have already seen the film.I have already seen the film. Have you ever been to Beijing?Have you ever been to Beijing? She has never been to America?She has never been to America? have been to/ have gone tohave been to/ have gone to A: Where is Lucy?A: Where is Lucy? B: She’s gone to the teachers’ office.B: She’s gone to the teachers’ office. A: Have you ever been to Hainan?A: Have you ever been to Hainan? B: Yes, I have. I have been there twice.B: Yes, I have. I have been there twice.

1 Fill in the blanks with the words in the box

practice develop remember prepare take until worry everything stressed exercise

• Are you out each time you have a test ?You don’t have to be if you

• smart study skills .Remember to notes in class and review them on your own or with friends after class. Then what you learned by doing . Try to study and

• information bit by bit instead • of waiting the last minute to • study at once. If you

well for a test, then there’s • nothing to about.

stressed

developtake

practiceexercises

rememberuntil

everything prepare

worry

2 . Number these sentences in order to make a conversation.

• What’s the matter ?

• Well, I practice my listening by listening to the tape over and over again until I can understand everything.

• So you want to practice your listening?

• Hi , Jake, I need your help.

• Uh-huh. Do you have any advice ?

• Ok ,I’ll try that.

• I have a listening test next week.

2 6 4 1 5 7 3

• What’s the matter ?

• Well, I practice my listening by listening to the tape over and over again until I can understand everything.

• So you want to practice your listening?

• Hi , Jake, I need your help.

• Uh-huh. Do you have any advice ?

• Ok ,I’ll try that.

• I have a listening test next week.

Summaries • Be stressed out • Develop smart study skills• Take notes• On your own• By doing exercises• Remember information bit by bit• Wait until the last minute• Study everything at once• Prepare well for a test

3. Give advice to these people.

• 1) Jane is a very slow reader.

• She should improve her reading speed

by reading them over and over again.

by reading aloud by herself.

by reading after listening to the tape.

by practice reading for twenty minutes every day.

2) Li Ming wants to improve his listening

• He could practice his listening

by remembering new words.

by listening to radio for twenty minutes every day.

by watching people saying on the TV.

by reading the text every day.

3)Meiping doesn’t know many English words.

• She could learn more words

by reading them over and over again.

by writing them while reading.

by reading them in pairs.

by making word cards.

by listening to the tape.