“Sedona Framework and 6loWPAN”February 2009

Scott Muench – Senior Applications Engineer

Ed Merwin - Director Channel SalesMarc Petock – VP Marketing

© 2009 Tridium, Inc,

Welcome!• The goal of TridiumTalk is to share with the Niagara

community timely content on sales, products and technical topics.  Each session will last between 45-60 minutes and will be a mix of presentation, demonstrations and Q&A.

• This session and past sessions will be posted on our community web site at www.Niagara-Central.com.

• The content presented here is representative of Tridium’s Niagara technology and products in general, please contact your channel partner for specific details and pricing.

• As a courtesy to others in the conference, please place your phone on mute until the Q&A portion of the program

Sedona Framework and 6loWPANThe Sedona Framework and 6loWPAN - A Platform

for Small Devices / The Internet for Wireless Devices

• This session of TridiumTALK is an educational forum focused on wireless technologies, the benefits of wireless networks in real world building automation applications, and an introduction to the Sedona Framework, Tridium's newest embedded device technology that distributes decision making control and manageability to any device and brings intelligence and connectivity to the network edge and back.

Agenda• Wireless Technologies• 802.15.4• Wireless Microcontroller• IPV6• 6LoWPAN• Sedona Framework

Wireless Technologies

Power

Lighting

HVAC

Enterprise ApplicationsServer

Cellular Networks

PAN Networks

Security

WiMAX & WiFi Networks

PDA/Smart Phone

Browser Client

BuildingController

Wireless Technologies• Cellular (2.5G & 3G - > 10,000m)

– EDGE/HSDPA (Cingular)– EV-DO (Verizon,Sprint/Nextel)

• MAN (Municipal Area Network - 10,000m)– 802.16 WiMax - Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave

Access

• LAN (Local Area Network – 30 to 100m)– 802.11 a,b,g,n WiFi

• PAN (Personal Area Network > 30m)– 802.15.4 / Zigbee / 6loPAN– RFID & Bluetooth

Multiple Wireless Protocols

• Controllers will need to support multi-wireless protocols

• Multiple ports and multiple antennas• Same story as wired world multi

protocols just no wires!• Need for both a gateway and integration

platform

Wireless Value Proposition • Installation cost• Resource savings• Implementation time• Ideal for moving and movable assets• Operational Savings

– Travel, Labor

Wireless Issues & Concerns • Batteries

– Replacement labor– Environmental Issues– New battery and power technologies

• Loss of Service– We deal with it every day– Must be considered– Self healing networks and smart routing

What is 802.15.4?• IEEE standard for low cost, low speed, low power

wireless communication• Targeted at device to device communication• Supports multiple frequencies, including the worldwide

unlicensed 2.4 GHz band– Sixteen 802.15.4 channels– Shares spectrum with 802.11 (WiFi) and Bluetooth

• 250 kbit/s data rate @ 2.4 GHz• 127 bytes max packet length• Each device has a unique 8 byte identifier (MAC

address)

802.15.4 Networks• 802.15.4 specification defines methods by which devices can

form networks– Networks are known as Personal Area Networks (PANs)– Each network has a unique PAN ID– Three type of nodes – coordinator, routers, end device

• Network is managed by the “coordinator”– When end devices start up, they broadcast a request to associate

with a network– Coordinator will respond to association request and assigns

address to device, updates routing tables throughout the network

• Multiple network topologies supported, but not specified by standard. – types include star, tree, linear and mesh– Each topology requires a different routing algorithm

Star Network• Simplest network• All traffic routed through

coordinator• Limited coverage and

quantity since all nodes must be within RF range of the coordinator

• Requires smallest code and memory footprint

• End devices can sleep to conserve power

B

Coord

C

A

Tree Network• Larger coverage area than

star network• Messages between nodes

must get routed to first common ancestor

• End devices (G & H) can sleep

• Moderate code and memory requirements

• A self-healing tree can re-route automatically if link to parent is broken – Example: If G loses

communication with E, it could become a child of B

B

Coord

DA

E F

G H

Linear Network• Specialized version of the

tree network with similar code and memory requirements

• Large coverage area• Single path between all

devices B

Coord

A

C

D

Mesh Network• Each node dynamically

determines best path to other nodes, changing its routing as paths fail or degrade

• Most complicated routing algorithm, requires largest code and memory footprint

• All devices that perform mesh routing must be powered

B

Coord

D

A

G

FE

H

Hotel Case Study• Hotel PTAC Unit Control• Cost Sensitive Product• Cost Sensitive Industry• Low Tech Install and Maintenance• Potential for Savings

– Energy and Operational

• Only cost effective solution was wireless• Technology had to be “Built-In”

– A PTAC Control “Appliance”

Front Desk

Wireless Appliance Architecture

Browser Web Based Controller

Local Area Network

Wireless Network

Wireless Node

Gateway & Controller

Gateway Node

Full Function Node

Orbital Node

Gateway Node supports communication to the network via wireless protocol

Full Function Nodes automatically form and manage the network as routers

Orbital Nodes support the device application and are managed by Full Function Nodes

Wireless Microcontroller• Wireless Microcontroller – More than a radio

– 32-bit RISC– Low Power– Long Range– Chips, Modules, Evaluation Kits

• Wireless Networking Software– Standards-based IEEE802.15.4, ZigBee, IPv6– Highly secure– Co-existence with other wireless infrastructure

• Applications– High volume consumer markets– RF Remotes, Toys, Gaming– Industrial, Building, Medical– Automotive, Metering, Asset Tracking

Wireless Connectivity Solution• Wireless Microcontroller

– Highly Integrated “Single Chip Solution”– Feature rich microcontroller + IEEE802.15.4 compliant

transceiver

• Networking Stacks– Designed for flexibility, low power operation, co-existence,

stability and robustness– For sensor and control networking

IPv6• Next generation of Internet Protocol (IP) addressing

scheme• Expands address space from 4 bytes to 16 bytes

– 2128 bits worth of address space– ~3.4 x 1038 addresses

• Lots of address space = well suited for addressing devices and M2M applications– Every switch, lamp, appliance, etc. in your home can now

have its own IP address

• Uses different notation for specifying addresses– IPv4 - 192.168.0.1– IPv6 - 2001:0db8:0000:0000:a526:2962:3960:c0e1

What is 6LoWPAN?• 6LoWPAN = IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal

Area Networks• Internet standard defined by IETF

– RFC4944 – Transmission of IPv6 packets over IEEE802.15.4– http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4944.txt– Large open community concerned with evolution of the

Internet architecture – network designers, operators, vendors, researchers

• Enables 802.15.4 wireless devices to interoperate with other IP-enabled devices using standard protocols

• An extension of wired IP into the wireless domain…..– Benefits: global addressing / routing – it’s a Standard..– Devices have globally unique addresses

6LoWPAN - Purpose• To extend IP services down to low power, embedded

wireless devices – sensors, controls, actuators• Enabling IP and wireless to work together

– Small packet sizes, low power consumption, a protocol stack suitable for embedded devices – small footprint, efficient

• 6LoWPAN defines IPv6 packets over IEEE802.15.4– Packet fragmentation, header compression, multi-hopping– Compact and efficient implementation for low power wireless

• Clusters of wireless nodes connected to the wired infrastructure– Nodes within a cluster talk wirelessly– Nodes on different clusters talk through the wired domain

• Benefits from reuse of existing IP infrastructure– Simple integration and deployment

Why use 6LoWPAN?• Leverages existing standards

– IP is the field-proven protocol winner• Generic solution regardless of device or application type

– Permits integrating 802.15.4 devices without requiring gateway cognizant of the application

• A programming tool can communicate directly to a device without special application software and mapping, communications are simply routed through the network!

• Works with wired and wireless devices, just like the computer world, just like the telecom world.

• A smart 6LoWPAN router can present an IPv4 address. In this case the router will have a configuration table to handle mapping the extended address to IPv4 addresses.

Basic 6LoWPAN Network

JACE / 6LoWPAN bridge

137.19.61.95

Internet/LAN

Bridge provides mapping between

192.168.x.x addresses and

IPv4 addresses

137.19.61.129

Workbench

6LoWPANDevice

6LoWPANDevice

FE80::F10D:FF:FE00:1236 = 192.168.18.58

FE80::F10D:FF:FE00:1237 = 192.168.18.56

6LoWPAN enabled 802.15.4 Network

Control

6LoWPAN Network Overview

Wired IP/Ethernet Infrastructure

Wired Control Network

Cluster 2(VendorNet Network, RF Channel 4)

Cluster 1(VendorNet Network, RF Channel 2)

802.15.4 MAC

JenNet

6LoWPAN/IPv6

Sedona

Technology Evolution• Devices need to communicate, control, alarm, and serve

data• Devices are usually connected in vertical system silos• Integration is generally across a wired network

Lighting Security HVAC A/V

LAN

Personal Area Network• Emerging technology allows communication in groups of PANs

– Personal Area Network– Add more processing power– Local energy management

and optimization– Card swipe

• Opens door• Turns on lights• Resets temperature• Resets ventilation

– A/V On• Resets lights

Conference Room PAN

Wired / Wireless Solution• Wireless works well in some environments but isn’t suited for

all situations• Use a wired backbone

– Extends range of wireless network – Eliminates RF interference in problem areas– Wired backbone acts as a high-quality wireless link– Wired/wireless devices form single network with IP addressing

throughout – Similar to deploying both WiFi and wired Ethernet connections– Best of both worlds!

Wired / Wireless Network

JACE

BACnet MSTP device

JACE with Jennic Option card acts a network coordinator and 6LoWPAN bridge

485 MSTP Trunk

A B X Y

A

C

K

J

L

Sedona MSTP Device

Wired/wireless Router

Sedona Jennic Device

M

Internet or LAN

Workbench

Controller

New Device Level Technology

Software Framework for Embedded DevicesPushing Technology to Edge Devices

Smaller - Faster - EasierWired - Wireless

Open Source

Sedona Framework Components• Language: component based (function blocks, drivers, apps) • Virtual Machine: portable runtime

– Multiple vendor independent, low cost, hardware platforms• Control Engine: modules of components

– Loops and Logic in low level devices– Relays, switches, sensors, actuators

• Programming Tool: graphically assembling components into new applications

• Communications: connectivity via IP, serial bus, 802.15.4 wireless – 6LoWPAN– IPV6 Addressing - 2001:db8:0:0:7:62:60:e1 – Driver Library

• Open Source: Core technology licensed under AFL 3.0– Compiler– Virtual machine and runtime– Sedona protocol (Sox), web server, basic control blocks

Sedona Device Architecture

Virtual Machine

CommunicationsControl Engine

Web ServerWireless802.15.46LoWPAN

WiredRS-485Ethernet

Hardware IndependentAtmel, Jennic, AMCC, …

BACnet, Modbus, SOX …

Multiple Systems, Hardware & ProtocolsOne Programming Tool

Modbus Lighting BACnet Thermostat

Sedona Programming Tool

SOX SOX

Smart Actuator

Niagara

Wired

Wireless

Sedona Framework• Supports IPV6 over wired and wireless• IP, MSTP, 802.15.4

– Every device has its own Internet IPV6 address– Reuse Internet IP infrastructure

• High Speed Robust Control– Industrial Control Quality– Small Footprint– More decision power at the edge device level

• Sedona – Can Jump Start Development– Faster time to market– Cost effective - makes an existing device “Network &

Wireless Ready”– Open Source

More Information• www.niagara-central.com• www.6lowpan.org• www.tridium.com• www.niagarasummit.com• www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPv6Addressing.htm

Question and Answer Session• Type your questions in to the chat area• Feel free to speak up for further discussion• Please introduce yourself, company name, and where

you are calling from.

Thank you!• We would like your feedback on today’s TridiumTalk• Please take a moment to answer our short survey• If you have any further questions, comments or topic

suggestions, please email them to SalesSupport@tridium.com

Ed Merwin Scott MuenchMarc Petock