SECURITY

ISSUES, E

THIC

S,

AND EMERGIN

G

TECHNOLO

GIES IN

EDUCATIO

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CH

AP

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R E

I GH

T P

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Brock Williams William CraveyAmber Couch

Erin Lynn Mullins

COMPUTE

R SECURIT

Y:

RISKS A

ND SAFE

TY

GUARDS

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VIRUS

– a potentially damaging computer program designed to affect your computer negatively without your knowledge or permission by altering the way it works.

o Illegal computer code

o Can alter programs or destroy data

o Can copy itself onto programs to spread its effects

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VIRUS PAYLOAD

-the symptom or damage caused by a virus

- Can be harmless or can cause significant damage

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BOOT SECTOR VIRUS

– replaces the boot program used to start the computer with a modified, infected version of the boot program

- When the computer runs the infected boot program, it loads the virus into the computer’s memory

- This causes it to spread to any storage media inserted into the computer

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FILE VIRUS

– inserts virus code into program files

- Spreads to any program that accesses the infected file

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MACRO VIRUS

– uses the macro language of an application to hide virus codes

- If a document with an infected macro is opened, the virus loads into memory

- Certain actions, such as saving the document activate the virus

- Often are part of templates

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TWO COMMON VARIATIONS OF COMPUTER VIRUSES

- Worm – program that copies itself repeatedly in a computer’s memory or on a network

-Uses up resources and can potentially shut down a computer or network

-Creators of worms make them appealing to people so they’ll download them

- Trojan Horse – malicious software program that hides within or is designed to look like a legitimate program

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LOGIC BOMBS AND TIME BOMBS

• Logic bomb – a program that activates when it detects a certain condition.

• Time bomb – a type of logic bomb that activates on a particular date.

-Michelangelo virus – destroys data on your hard disk on March 6, the date of Michelangelo’s birthday.

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SAFE C

OMPUTI

NG TIP

S

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SAFE COMPUTING TIPS

- Purchase and install reliable antivirus software

- Scan all removable media

- Scan all files downloaded from the internet

- Scan all attached files before opening them

- Turn off e-mail preview

- Scan all software before using it, even if it is shrink-wrapped

- Do not use pirated, illegal copies of copyrighted software

- Never start your computer with removable media in the drives

- Install a personal firewall program to help protect against unwanted incoming attacks

- Back up your files often

- Set your antivirus program to scan automatically

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ANTIVIRUS PROGRAMS

- Using an antivirus program is one of the more effective ways to protect against computer viruses.

- An antivirus program is designed to detect, disinfect, and protect computers and networks from viruses.

- The programs work by looking for programs that attempt to modify the boot programs that normally are read from but not written to.

- Antivirus programs can be installed on personal computers and networks.

- A popular choice of software by most schools is Norton.

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RESCUE DISC

A rescue disc is normally a CD-ROM that contains an uninfected copy

of key operating system commands and start-up

information that enables the computer to restart correctly.

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UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS AND USE

- Unauthorized access is the use of a computer or network without permission.

- Individuals who tries to access a computer or network illegally is called a Hacker

- These individuals goal is to break into computers by logging into a server as a user and not only corrupt files but gain access to them.

- Unauthorized use is the use of a computer or data for unapproved or possibly illegal activities.

- Unauthorized users range from employee’s using a company computer for personal needs to someone gaining access to a bank system and completing an unauthorized transfer of funds.

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PERSONAL SETTINGS/ PARENTAL CONTROLS

- Block unwanted sites from popping up.

- Regulate what material (age appropriate) is viewed under certain users.

- Deny access to guest users of personal files and private material or information.

- Set up daily scans for antivirus programs to run while your not on the computer.

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ACCESS CONTROL

- One way to prevent unauthorized access to and use of computers is to implement access controls, which are security measures that define who can access a computer, when they can success it, and what actions they can take while using the computer.

- Most schools and businesses provide authorized users with unique user identifications (often called User ID and Password that allows them to log on to the network).

- Most home or personal computers offer this same security.

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FIREWALLS

- Despite efforts to protect the data on your computer’s hard disk, it still is vulnerable to attacks from hackers.

- A firewall is a security system consisting of hardware and software that prevents unauthorized access to data and information on a network.

- Many schools route all communications through a proxy server which screens all incoming and outgoing messages.

- Windows Vista/XP or Mac OS X already have personal firewall.

- Most routers have a firewall as well.

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HARDWARE/SOFTWARE THEFT

- Places with multiple computers and devices are susceptible to theft.

- Chain computers to desks .

- Lock up unused equipment and software.

- Software theft is a growing crime in America.

- Piracy is number 1 software thief in the world.

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ETHIC

S AND T

HE

INFO

RMATIO

N AGE

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ETHICS

Ethics are standards that determine whether an actions is good or bad.

Computer ethics:

1. Unauthorized use of computers

2. Hardware, software, and information theft.

3. Information privacy

4. Copyright

5. Existence of liable materials on the internet

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INFORMATION PRIVACY

Information privacy is the right of individuals and

organizations to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them.

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UNAUTHORIZED COLLECTION AND USE OF INFORMATION

- Electronic profile

- Phishing

- Spam

- Spim

- Split

- E-mail filtering

- Antispam program

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PRIVACY LAWS

- Collected data about individuals limits the information that one can store.

- Data is restricted to only those who need it to perform their job duties.

- Release of personal information can be released after getting permission.

- Individual collected has to be given an opportunity for the person to determine accuracy.

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EMPLOYEE AND STUDENT MONITORING

- What is employee monitoring?

- What does Acceptable Use Policy mean?

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COPYRIGHT LAWS

- What is copyright?

- Three areas of copyright in today’s classroom:

- Illegal copying

- Use of printed and copyrighted materials via internet.

- Copyrighted materials on teacher and student Web pages.

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FAIR USE

- What is fair use?

- What all does fair use guidelines apply to?

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TEACHER AND STUDENT WEB PAGES

- Web publishing

- Public domain

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INTE

RNET ETH

ICS A

ND

OBJECTI

ONABLE

MATERIA

LS

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OBJECTIONABLE MATERIAL

- Pornographic Material

- Controversial Subjects

- Inappropriate Material for K-12 Students

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CHILDREN’S INTERNET PROTECTION ACT

- Passed in 2000 to protect children from obscene, pornographic, and other information considered harmful to minors.

- Required Filtering Systems- Only a very small percentage of the

internet is able to be accessed through K-12 computers.

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CYBERBULLYING

- The posting or sending of detrimental or cruel text or images using the Internet or other digital devices.

- Students , Teachers, and Faculty can all be victims.

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PARENTAL CONTROLS

- Parental Controls are available in Windows Vista/XP and Mac Operating Systems.

- Parental Options- Web Filter- Time Limits- Games- Allow and Block Specific Programs

- Internet Filtering Software , such as ‘Net Nanny’, are also available online

- Communication with your children is still the key to safety.

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EDUCATIONAL CONTROLS

- Filtering Software – Schools install these and constantly update them to keep them as current as possible.

- Acceptable Use Policies- Many schools require for parents or guardians to print, sign, and mail or deliver them to the school.

- Curriculum Pages- Teacher Observation

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