The Union in PerilSectionalism and the Civil War

Ms. Garratt

North South DifferencesNORTH SOUTH

• Industrial• River Power• Harsh winters• Wage labor

Agrarian (cotton, tobacco)

Slave labor Mild weather all year

Slavery in the Territories California - Compromise of 1850

• CA as free state• Fugitive Slave Law• DC• Popular Sovereignty (letting the people

decide whether or not to allow slavery)• in NM & UT territories

Secession

Underground Railroad & Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Fugitive Slave Law

Slaves denied trials

Vigilance committees

Harriet Tubman – conductor

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854

Bleeding Kansas First test of popular

sovereignty in Kansas. Supporters and opponents of

slavery moved in to populate KS

Election took place but 1000s of border ruffians illegally voted

Lecompton gov set up. Anti-slavery forces set up

rival gov Violence breaks out and KS

earns the title of bleeding KS

Violence in the Senate

Free Soilers

Republican Party Opponents of the KS-NE Act

form the Republican Party. Opposed to slavery in the

new territories. Whigs, Free Soilers,

Democrats & other parties joined.

Chief goal was to resurrect the Missouri Compromise

Election of 1856 John C. Fremont was their candidate.

Had Fremont won many believe that the South would have seceded then

Dred Scott Decision 1857

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Harpers Ferry & John Brown 1857

John Brown Wanted to organize

slaves & lead a rebellion.

Attacked Harpers Ferry (a federal arsenal)

The slave uprising Brown hoped for never occurred.

Federal troops put down the uprising.

Brown was tried & excuted

In the North church bells rang, guns fired salutes.

They considered Brown a martyr

South became more paranoid

Some whites suspected of anti-slavery views were attacked by mobs.

Harpers Ferry 1857

Election of Lincoln 1860 election Lincoln was a moderate Opposed extension of slavery into new

territories but reassured South that he would not interfere with their slaves

HE NEVER THREATENED TO END SLAVERY.

South felt threatened by him His name didn’t even appear on the

ballots of most southern states

Southern Secession Question of “states rights” v federal

control SC was first to secede followed by 10

other states Set up confederate gov in

Montgomery Jefferson Davis - president

North/South Resources & Strategies

Chart on page 169

Emancipation Proclamation

Battles

Confederacy Wears Down

Politics of Reconstruction

Johnson’ s Impeachment

Scalawags, Carpetbaggers & Freedmen

Collapse of Reconstruction