Section 9: Implementingthe Network

CSIS 479R Fall 1999

“Network +”

George D. Hickman, CNI, CNE

Objectives

Plan the network and install network cabling

Install and configure network interface boards (NICs)

Install and configure hard disk drives Install workstation operating systems Install network client software

Plan the Network

What type of cabling will you use? Is there equipment in the building that

can impact the network (by putting off EMI, etc.)

Install cabling in areas where it won’t be damaged (not under a rug or in a walkway)

Network Cable

If you make your own, use proper parts and techniques– Category 3 cable on a 100 Mbps network

is not the best choice Watch your lengths

– 97 M run up to the wall jack, don’t use a patch cable over 3 M

Crimping UTP Cable

Strip off no more than ¾ inch of outer sheathing to expose the twisted pair wires

Untwist the pairs about ½ inch– Don’t untwist more than ½ inch, or you may

introduce crosstalk

Arrange colors appropriately– White/Orange, Orange, White/Green, Blue,

White/Blue, Green, White/Brown, Brown

Crimping UTP Cable (Con’t)

Cut the wires to the same length, just long enough to reach the end of the RJ45 connector (Spring lever down)

Push the wires into the connector– Verify they are still in the correct order

Crimp the wires down VERIFY THE CABLE

Install / Configure NICs

Manually configured– DIP switches or Jumpers

Software configured– Executable file to configure settings

Plug-n-play– Self configuring (if PnP OS/BIOS/Cards)

Choosing the NIC

PC Bus or Architecture– ISA pg 9-10

– MCA pg 9-11

– EISA pg 9-12

– VLB pg 9-13

– PCI pg 9-13

– PCMCIA pg 9-15

Network Topology

– Ethernet– Token Ring– FDDI

Configuration Information IRQ (hardware interrupts)

– Interrupt ReQuest Channel– Lets the System Board know the device needs

something– CPU will put other work on hold to respond to an IRQ– Interrupts cannot be shared by 2 devices (except on

MCA, EISA, or PCI systems)– Common IRQs Table 9-2 page 9-17

DMA support– Direct Memory Channel– Allows certain devices to write data directly to system

memory without CPU intervention– Common DMAs Table 9-3 page 9-18

Configuration Information (Con’t) I/O address (port)

– A Range of addresses in memory reserved by the CPU

– Each range is assigned to a device, to “drop off” data for the CPU to process

– If addresses overlap, errors result– Commonly used I/O Addresses Table 9-4 Page 9-19

Memory address– Base Memory or Shared Memory– ROM on the card, needs to control some RAM too– If addresses overlap, errors result– Commonly used Base Addresses Table 9-5 Page 9-20

Jumpers / DIP switches

Jumpers– Page 9-21, Figure 9-9– Jumpers close the circuit between pins

DIP Switches– Page 9-21, Figure 9-10– ON or OFF, not always labeled which way

is which

Software-configured Cards

MCA– Micro Channel Architecture– Comes with IBM Reference Disk– Software adjusts settings to avoid conflicts

EISA– Extended Industry Standard Architecture– EISA Configuration Utility– Software reads “.cfg” files and adjusts settings to

avoid conflicts– Verification Mode and Lock/unlock modes

ISA and VLB boards

Some are software-configurable, others use DIP or jumpers, or are plug and play

ISA is 8 or 16-bit VLB is 32 bit card

Plug-n-Play

PCI PCMCIA (PC card) ISA MCA Requires:

– PnP BIOS– PnP card– PnP OS

Hard Disk Drives

“provides data storage and data retrieval. . . .with total reliability, at the highest possible speed, and at a reasonable cost”

See figure 9-12 on page 9-29

Disk Interface Type

IDE (Integrated Device Electronics)– RLL encoding, on-disk controller– No CD support or drives over 528 MB– 40 pin connector cable

Enhanced IDE (EIDE)– Drives over 528 MB, CD support– Up to 16.6 MB / second– Up to 4 devices – 40 pin connector cable

SCSI flavors Small Computer Systems Interface SCSI

– 7 devices– 5 MB/second transfer on 8-bit bus

SCSI-II– 50 pin connector– Fast SCSI-II and Wide SCSI-II– 20 MB / second 16 or 32-bit bus

SCSI (Con’t)

SCSI-III– Ultra SCSI– 40 MB /second– 32 bit bus– 31 devices on 32 bit bus

SCSI Connectors SCSI

– 25-pin SCSI-II

– 50-pin Fast SCSI-II

– 50-pin Wide SCSI-II

– 68-pin Fast Wide SCSI-II

– 68-pin Ultra SCSI-III

– 50 and 68 pin

Hard Disk Tips Don’t bump or shake a moving drive 95 % of SCSI problems are wrong termination

or ID settings A second drive on same controller can save $

$, but costs performance SCSI controllers establish connection with

each device at boot up, causing a delay during POST

Route cables (esp. SCSI) carefully—avoid noise or rolling cable back on itself

Parallel to SCSI adapters work, but SLOW

Installing SCSI Disk

Plan the SCSI bus Configure and install the HBA Configure and install the disk Attach cables to the disk Set CMOS disk type to “0” “Not

Installed” or “SCSI” Complete disk configuration and

termination

Planning the SCSI Bus

Termination– Both ends of chain must be terminated

SCSI Addresses– Each device must have unique ID– HBA usually 7– 0 is highest priority, 6 lowest priority (non MCA)

Cabling– 6 meter maximum– Pin 1 is colored stripe

Configuring / Installing the HBA

Set SCSI address Set termination where necessary Configure

– Controller interrupt– Base memory– Base I/O address– DMA channel

Configure / Installing SCSI Disks

Set SCSI address Set termination where necessary Some disks do this automatically Attach cables

– Pin 1 on disk(s) and HBA have red stripe Set CMOS type

– “0”, “Not Installed”, or “SCSI”

Installing IDE Hard Disk Drives Configure / Install IDE Card (if not on board)

– Controller is on the HDD, but the expansion card is often called the controller

Configure / Install hard disk– Single, Master, or Slave, Primary or Secondary

Attach cables to the disk– 40 pin cable, 18 inch max length. Pin 1 is Red stripe

Set CMOS disk type– Cylinders, heads, Sectors/track, Write Precomp– Auto Detect– User defined

Preparing Hard Disks for Use

Create partitions– Divide disk into logical units– Can be one partition per OS– Partition table at start of disk, then partition(s)

Perform high-level format– Identifies bad sectors– Creates Boot sector / FAT / Blank root directory– Optionally copy system files– Used when you want to install new OS– Used when you want to completely erase a disk

Network Clients Software that runs on the client that allows

allows a connection to a server Windows 98 clients

– MS client for Microsoft Networks• To Connect to Win NT or other Windows w/s

– MS Client for NetWare Networks• To Connect to NetWare server in bindery mode

– MS Client for Banyan Vines• To Connect to Banyan Vines server

Novell Client for Windows– Allows NDS connection to NetWare 4.x + networks