Section 1.3Patterns of Life

Your homework assignment:

Take notes on this PowerPoint

I can…

• LS 1.1 I can compare and contrast existing models, identify patterns, and use structural and functional evidence to analyze the characteristics of life.

• LS 1.1 I can defend my argument that viruses are living -or- nonliving.

Key Questions

1. What characteristics do all living things share?

2. What are the crosscutting concepts of biology?

3. How do fields of biology differ in their approaches?

4. How is the metric system important to science?

Vocabulary:

• Biology- the study of life

• DNA- universal genetic code

• Stimulus- signal to which an organism responds

• Sexual reproduction- cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism

• Asexual reproduction- process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

Vocabulary:

• Homeostasis- relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain

• Metabolism- the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

• Biosphere- part of Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and air

Characteristics of Living Things (RED SCOUR)

• R- Reproduce (sexually and asexually)

• E- Evolve (change over time)

• D- Develop and grow

• S- Stable internal environment (homeostasis)

• C- Cells

• O- Obtain and use materials and energy

• U- Universal genetic code (DNA or RNA)

• R- Respond to their environment (stimulus)

What about viruses? We will explore this topic in class.

Crosscutting Concepts in Biology

1. Cause and Effect: Mechanism and Explanation

2. Systems and System Models

3. Stability and Change

4. Patterns

5. Scale, Proportion, and Quantity

6. Energy and Matter: Flows, Cycles, and Conservation

7. Structure and Function

1. Cause and Effect: Mechanism and Explanation

• Science is not a list of facts, but “a way of knowing”.

• We use observations, questions, and experiments to explain the natural world in terms of cause and effect.

2. Systems and System Models

• Organisms are linked to one anther and to the land, water, and air around them.

• Relationships between organisms and their environment depends on the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.

3. Stability and Change

• Living things maintain a relatively stable internal environment through a process called homeostasis.

4. Patterns

• Although life takes a variety of forms, all living things are fundamentally similar at the molecular level.

• Common set of carbon-based molecules

• Store information in a common genetic code

• Use proteins for structure and function

5. Scale, Proportion, and Quantity

• Biologists example life and the smallest scale (molecules that make up cells), the largest scale (the biosphere), and every scale in between.

6. Energy and Matter: Flows, Cycles, and Conservation

• Some organisms, such as plants, obtain energy from sunlight and take up nutrients from air, water, and soil.

• Other organisms, such as animals, eat organisms to obtain both nutrients and energy.

7. Structure and Function

• Each major group of organisms has evolved structures that make particular functions possible. • Examples…capturing food, digesting food, reproducing, breathing

Fields of Biology (examples)

• Global Ecology

• Biotechnology

• Building the Tree of Life

• Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases

• Genomics and Molecular Biology

Performing Biological Investigations

• Scientific Measurement

The metric system is our common measurement system in science. It is based on multiples of 10.

Performing Biological Investigations

• Safety

• We will cover lab safety in class

Levels of Organization

• Cells tissues organs organ systems organism

Section 1.3 Exit Ticket

1. What are the characteristics of living things?

2. What are examples of characteristics that do not necessarily indicate that something is “alive”?

3. What is the structure of a viral particle?

4. How do viral particles infect a cell?

5. How do viral particles replicate their DNA and reproduce?

6. Based on your answers to the above questions—is a viral particle living or nonliving?

The End

• Make sure you study your vocabulary BEFORE class on Monday.