22
SCLERODERMA

SCLERODERMA

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: SCLERODERMA

SCLERODERMA

Page 2: SCLERODERMA

Systemic sclerosis Also called scleroderma Multisystem disease of unknown etiology Pathogenesis include immune system

activation , endothelial activation , and fibroblast activation

this results in small blood vessels damage and tissue fibrosis.

Page 3: SCLERODERMA

Epidemiology Rare disease incidence in the US 19/million/year

and prevalence of 19-75/100,000 Rare in children Peak between age 35-65 More women affected Family h/o other auto immune diseases Ethnic background influence survival and

disease manifestation.

Page 4: SCLERODERMA

Clinical features Raynaud’s Typical skin changes Esophageal and small bowel dysfunction Interstitial lung disease Pulmonary hypertension Renal crises

Page 5: SCLERODERMA

What is Raynaud’s Phenomenon Reversible skin color changes:White to blue to

red Due to vasospasm Induced by cold of emotion

Page 6: SCLERODERMA

Raynaud’s :Pallor phase

Page 7: SCLERODERMA

Raynaud’s:cyanotic phase

Page 8: SCLERODERMA

Causes of Raynaud’s Occlusive arterial disease Rheumatic

diseases:Scleroderma,CREST,MCTD,SLE,RA, Myositis

Repetitive vascular injury Hyperviscosity :Polycythemia,Cryoglobulinemia Thoracic outlet syndrome

Page 9: SCLERODERMA

Typical skin changes Tight thick skin,peaked nosePursed mouth

Page 10: SCLERODERMA

Salt and pepper pigmentation

Page 11: SCLERODERMA

Microstomia

Page 12: SCLERODERMA

Digital ulcers

Page 13: SCLERODERMA

Esophageal dysmotility:heart burn,and reflux symptoms Dilated esophagus onEsophagogram

Page 14: SCLERODERMA

CREST Calcinosis Raynaud’s Esophageal dysmotility Sclerodactyly Telangiectasias

Page 15: SCLERODERMA

Calcinosis

Page 16: SCLERODERMA

Sclerodactyly Skin changes,and flexion contactures

Page 17: SCLERODERMA

Telangiectasias Dilated capillaries seenover the face

Page 18: SCLERODERMA

Renal crises and hypertension in scleroderma Major complication Early in disease first few years Acute onset hypertension High Renin Renal impairment Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia,Thrombocytopenia Renal failure can be reversible if BP treated Drug of choice Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor

Page 19: SCLERODERMA

Shortness of breath in Scleroderma DD,1-Interstitial lung disease:CXR,PFT,HRCT chest2-Pulmonary hypertension:Echocardiogram,right

sided cardiac catheterization3-Cardiomyopathy,Heart failure,4-Pericardial effusion5-Renal crises

Page 20: SCLERODERMA

Interstitial Lung disease Major cause of morbidly

Page 21: SCLERODERMA

Diagnosis Clinical features ANA positive 90% Anti topoisomerase 1 antibody positive(scl-70)

30% in diffuse Anticentromere antibody positive in CREST and

limited scleroderma

Page 22: SCLERODERMA

Treatment Skin :no effective treatment,60% improve with

time Treat hypertension early and aggressive to

prevent renal damage and other hypertension complications

Calcium channel blockers may help Raynaud’s Treat ILD and pulmonary hypertension Avoid steroids(may provoke renal complications)