Scientific Prospectus for R/V Atlantis/ROV Jason II ...afisher/post/AT25-04/Prospectus/AT… · Scientific Prospectus for R/V Atlantis/ROV Jason II Expedition AT25-04: Hydrogeologic,

Scientific Prospectus for R/V Atlantis/ROV Jason II Expedition AT25-04:

Hydrogeologic, Geochemical, and Microbiological Experiments in Young Ocean Crust of

the Northeastern Pacific Ocean Using Subseafloor Observatories

Expedition Dates and Ports: 13 July 2013 to 26 July 2013, Astoria, OR to Astoria, OR

(mobilization: 11–12 July 2013, demobilization 27–28 July 2013)

Supported by NSF project: OCE-1031808

(and linked proposals to Fisher, Becker, Clark, Cowen and Wheat)

and a C-DEBI Education and Outreach grant (to Cooper and Peart)

Project Co-PIs:

A. T. Fisher1, 3, K. Becker1, J. Clark1, S. Cooper2, J. Cowen1, C. G. Wheat1

1 Co-PI on OCE-1031808 and linked proposals 2 Co-PI on C-DEBI Education and Outreach grant 3 AT25-04 chief-scientist and primary contact: Earth and Planetary Sciences Department, Earth

and Marine Sciences Building, Room A232, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High

Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, 831-459-5598, 831-459-3074 (fax), [email protected]

Prospectus Draft/Final 1.2: 26 April 2013

AT25-04 prospectus, CORK servicing, Summer 2013 Page 1

I. Expedition Overview

NSF grant OCE 1031808 ("Collaborative Research: Completion of single- and cross-hole

hydrogeologic experiments on the eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge using a borehole

network") supports multidisciplinary borehole experiments in oceanic crust, to assess

hydrogeologic, solute and colloid transport, biogeochemical, and microbiological processes and

properties at multiple spatial and temporal scales (meters to kilometers, minutes to years).

Results of these experiments will comprise a major advance in our understanding of

hydrogeologic properties and fluid processes within the volcanic oceanic crust. This work

follows completion of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 327, which operated in

Summer 2010, R/V Atlantis/ROV Jason II Expedition AT18-07 in Summer 2011, and numerous

earlier drilling and submersible/ROV expeditions. This expedition was originally planned for

Summer 2012 on the R/V Thomas G. Thompson, but was postponed because of ship propulsion

problems, then rescheduled on the R/V Atlantis for Summer 2013.

Primary work locations are summarized in Table 1 and shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3.

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 327 drilled two holes through sediments and into

the volcanic crust on 3.5 m.y. old seafloor on the eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge

(Figures 1, 2, and 3). These holes were drilled, cased, cored, and tested, then instrumented with

subseafloor, borehole observatory systems (CORKs). Expedition 327 also included a

hydrogeologic, pumping and tracer injection experiment, to assess multi-scale formation

properties, including the nature of azimuthal and vertical crustal anisotropy.

The Expedition 327 CORKs augment four additional observatory systems, all located within

an area of about 2.5 square kilometers, creating a network of six instrumented sites where

researchers are monitoring pressure and temperature at depth, and sampling fluids and

microbiological material, using autonomous instrumentation (Figure 3). These CORK systems

require servicing with a submersible or remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to download data,

recover samples, and replace a variety of experimental systems (pressure and temperature data

are being collected from one of the systems using a cabled network). This is a primary goal of

the Summer 2013 Expedition AT25-04 with the R/V Atlantis and ROV Jason II. In addition, we

will recover a flowmeter currently installed on one of the CORK observatories, and close a large-

diameter ball valve, shutting off the discharge of hydrothermal fluid that was initiated in Summer

2011. Data from this flowmeter will be downloaded, and the instrument will be redeployed on


another wellhead, and a large-diameter ball valve on that wellhead will be opened, initiating flow

from the CORK. These free flow experiments create pressure perturbations at surrounding

CORKs. Free flow also provides fluid and microbiological sampling opportunities. By

monitoring the formation pressure response at the different observatories, located at different

distances, depths, and directions from the CORK that will be allowed to discharge fluid,

researchers will be able to assess the nature of crustal hydrologic properties. Wellhead

instruments deployed in Summer 2011 (fluid samplers, microbial growth incubators) will be

recovered and replaced. A GeoMicrobiology sampling sled deployed on one wellhead in

Summer 2011 will be recovered, and additional (active) fluid sampling will be complete at

various wellheads. We will recover a short downhole instrument string from the CORK in Hole

1301A, and seal that CORK with a simple top plug.

The primary set of grants supporting this expedition includes 11 dives/science days, two days

of transit, and one weather day, for a total expedition length of 14 days. ROV dives with Jason

can last just a few hours or more than 24 hours, depending on objectives, weather conditions, and

mechanical functioning of ship and ROV systems. For planning purposes, we assume ROV dives

with a nominal length of 24 hours, with 12 hours for ROV servicing, allowing for seven 24-hour

dives during our allotted time at sea (and assuming no lost days due to weather or mechanical

problems).

In addition to meeting scientific and technical goals, AT25-04 will include a significant

education, outreach, and communications (EOC) program, with funding provided by NSF and C-

DEBI, and with extensive technical and logistical support from WHOI, the Ocean Exploration

Trust, and the Inner Space Center at URI. The AT25-04 EOC program is likely to include a

diverse combination of: (a) live feeds/web conferencing with museums, summer camps, and

other venues, (b) production of videos, podcasts, and other media to be distributed via the web,

(c) blogging and (d) curriculum development by onboard educators and outreach specialists.

Secondary objectives for AT-25-04 include downloading pressure data from additional

CORKs located to the west (Figure 2), conducting multibeam surveys of outcrops close to the

primary work sites, testing of a new heat flow probe insertion and stabilization system, and other

activities. If these secondary objectives are attempted, this will occur most likely towards the end

of the expedition.


II. AT25-04 Objectives and Experimental Systems

Primary objectives to be completed during dives at the six primary CORKs are listed in

Table 2. CORK servicing tasks include: download pressure data, recover/exchange wellhead

OsmoSamplers, complete active fluid sampling, recover the GeoMicrobiology sled, recover a

downhole instrument string, and recover/deploy the flowmeter.

Each CORK is different, but they share some common components (Figure 4). Because the

six primary CORKs are located close together (Figure 3, Table 3), operations at multiple

wellheads can be combined during single dives. During AT18-07, we transited between CORKs

up to 2400 m apart, requiring 1 to 1.5 hours to move and get set up for new operations. Sharing

operations between multiple wellheads can result in considerable efficiency, but also requires

careful planning and (in many cases) use of elevators to deploy and/or recover instrumentation so

as to avoid overloading the ROV. Careful planning is also required to minimize the need to swap

out connectors and experimental systems between dives.

Active pressure measurement and logging systems are currently installed as part of all six

primary CORKs (Figure 5). Data from Hole 1026B are being downloaded automatically using

the Neptune Canada cable network. Data from the other CORKs will be downloaded with Jason.

Pressure download operations will include manipulation of valves for checking the hydrostatic

pressure offset and evaluate potential gauge drift. Most pressure logging systems will be

downloaded once during the expedition, but it is possible that a second download may be

required at one or more CORKs in association with the long-term flow experiment. Pressure

logging systems are positioned vertically on the wellheads, with the exception of the CORK in

Hole 1027C. The data logger for this system rests horizontally on the ROV landing platform.

OsmoSampler systems are currently installed on all (primary) CORK wellheads except for

Hole 1027C (Figure 6). There are two basic types of wellhead OsmoSamplers: (1) vertical

design with sample coils and pumps installed vertically on metal plates (Figures 6A-C), and (2)

milk crate design with sample coils and pumps hung from the wellhead, and an umbilical tube

that connects to fluid sampling lines (Figures 6D-F). The former are currently installed on

CORKs in Holes 1026B, 1301A, and 1301B, whereas the latter are installed on newer CORKs in

Holes 1362A and 1362B. For each design, there are additional variations: Teflon coils, copper

coils, and microbiological FLOCS incubation chambers mounted inline with sample pumps and

tubing. Existing systems will be recovered and new systems will be installed during AT25-04.


We will also recover a short instrument string deployed in the CORK in Hole 1301A, then seal

that CORK with a top plug when the instrument string is recovered. We hope to accomplish this

operation using Jason and the support vehicle Madea, but it could be done using floatation and a

special winch brought to sea specifically for this purpose. Discussion is underway with the deep

submergence team as to how best to accomplish string recovery operations.

A variety of "active" (mainly short-term) fluid sampling systems will be handled during

AT25-04 (Figure 7). A large volume bag sampler will be deployed using Jason elevators, and a

medium volume bag sampler will be mounted in the rear Jason basket. These systems use a

pump and manifold, in-line analysis and/or filtering, and additional components (aka, "Mobile

Pumping System") to collect, analyze, and store samples drawn from CORK wellheads. We will

recover (but not redeploy) a long-term, GeoMicrobiology sampling and analysis sled that was

deployed on Hole 1362B in Summer 2011. An elevator equipped with many of the

GeoMICROBE sled’s instruments (e.g., pump, manifold, controller, batteries) will be used for

short-term (24 hour) intensive time-series sampling of basement fluids for biogeochemical and

microbial diversity short-term variability; this elevator will be referred to as a Modified

GeoMICROBE (or MGM) elevator. In general, samples collected with these systems should be

recovered as soon as possible after collection, which will require use of elevators and/or

scheduling for end of dives. Additional gas-tight, major ion, and squeeze samplers will also be

used throughout the expediton.

We developed an autonomous flowmeter system that was deployed on the top of a ball valve

in the wellhead of the CORK in Hole 1362B during AT18-07 (Figure 8). This flowmeter uses an

electro-magnetic induction sensor to determine the rate of fluid outflow from the CORK over

time, and has been recording hourly data for the past year. The flowmeter is held in place with a

rotating clamp built into a ball valve positioned in one of the wellhead bays. Opening that valve

started a long-term flow experiment, as the overpressured formation discharged shimmering (~65

°C) fluid at 5–20 L/s. Pressure data from this hole and nearby CORKs will be used with the flow

data to determine large-scale, directional hydrologic properties in the ocean crust. There is a

vertical PVC pipe with a diameter of ~4 that extends upward from the flowmeter sensor by about

1 m. Four autonomous thermal loggers are installed along the length of this pipe, to provide an

independent estimate of the upward fluid flow rate (using heat as a tracer). In addition, this pipe

has provided fluid and microbiological sampling opportunities, with inlets to fluid samplers


"hung" over the top of the pipe. Handling of this flowmeter system was challenging in Summer

2011 because of awkward placement of a handle and bridle. A new flowmeter system is being

constructed for Summer 2012, with an integrated handle assembly (Figure 8F). The flowmeter

currently deployed will be recovered, and either this instrument will be redeployed (on another

CORK, using the new handle) or the new flowmeter system will be deployed. The new system is

very similar to the old one, except that it has optical communication capabilities.

III. AT25-04 Draft Dive Plan

AT25-04 mobilization in Astoria, OR will occur on 11-12 July (according to current ship

schedule). Ship will depart early on 13 July, with an anticipated transit of ~24 hours to our first

work site. We have 14 operating days at sea, which will comprise approximately 12 days of

scientific work (11 days scheduled science, 1 day weather/mechanical contingency) and 2 days

of transit. For planning purposes, we assume that each ROV dive lasts 24 hours, with 12 hours

between dives for ROV servicing, deployment and recovery of elevators, and other activities. In

practice, ROV dives will have variable duration, depending on tasks attempted, mechanical and

weather conditions, and other factors, and servicing time intervals could be longer or shorter than

12 hours.

Draft plans for initial several dives are listed below, but we will continue discussion among

the research team and with the WHOI and Jason teams to optimize activities and address the

highest priority objectives early in the expedition. No matter how the dives are planned, we will

likely shift the sequence of operations somewhat based on at-sea conditions and results of initial

work. We will also prepare a more detailed listing of electrical and basket requirements, item

weights and dimensions, and other information.

For the dive activity list below, abbreviations for various active sampling systems:

MPS = Mobile pumping system, basic, pump system in a milk crate that rides on the right side

of the forward science basket.

MVBS = Six, 15-L bag sampler system that rides in aft Jason bay.

LVBS = 50-L bag sampler that rides on the forward science basket (fills quickly).

MGM Elevator = Modified GeoMICROBE elevator used for ~24 hr time-series sampling.


Dive 1

Location: Hole 1362B Goals: Close flowmeter valve, recover flowmeter, hydrostatic check, download pressure data, swap OS systems, recover GeoM sled, collect fluids from wellhead. Basket: ODI connector, fluid sampling (various)/in-line electrochemistry, MPS-MVBS, LVBS (? space available?) Elevator(s): (1) Deploy empty for instrument recovery…or with OsmoSamplers for 1362B? (2) Deploy MGM elevator near 1362B Tasks: Deploy elevator with new OS systems near 1362B, other? Dive on 1362B Collect fluids exiting flowmeter (Majors? Gas tight? Squeeze?) Close valve below flowmeter Close sampling valves in Geochem bay, MBIO bay Recover OS systems from wellhead, put on elevator? Turn valve on pressure line to get hydrostatic (wait 30 minutes) Turn valves back to formation (wait 30 minutes) Deploy new OS systems on wellhead (leave sampling valves closed until later) Recover flowmeter, place on elevator and secure in place Download pressure data (60+ minutes after closing all valves) Collect fluids from wellhead using LVBS, MVBS in Jason? Disconnect GeoM sled Connect MGM sled (short-term (24 hr) time-series sled) to 1362B bioline (not sure if time/space will permit) Recover GeoM sled Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph Recover elevator

Dive 2

Location: Holes 1362A, 1301A, 1301B Goals: Replace OsmoSamplers on 1301A and 1362A, collect wellhead fluids from 1362A, hydrostatic check, download pressure data from 1301A, 1301B, 1362A Basket: ODI connector, fluid sampling (various)/in-line electrochemistry, MPS-MVBS, LVBS Elevator: OsmoSamplers for 1362A and 1301A? Tasks: Launch elevator adjacent to 1301A Dive on 1301A Close fluid sampling valves Recover OsmoSamplers (place on elevator?) Turn valves on pressure lines to get hydrostatic (wait 30 minutes) Turn valves on pressure lines to get formation (wait 30 minutes) Deploy new OsmoSamplers Download pressure data Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph


Transit to 1301B Turn valves on pressure lines to get hydrostatic (wait 30 minutes) Turn valves on pressure lines to get formation (wait 30 minutes) Download pressure data Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph Transit to 1362A Close fluid sampling valves Recover OsmoSamplers (place on elevator?) Turn valves on pressure lines to get hydrostatic (wait 30 minutes) Turn valves on pressure lines to get formation (wait 30 minutes) Deploy new OsmoSamplers (leave sampling valves closed initially) Download pressure data (60+ minutes after closing all valves) Collect fluids from wellhead using LVBS, MVBS (one level, both levels?) Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph Recover elevator Transit to 1362B Close valve, disconnect MGM sled, release to surface and recover

Dive 3

Location: Holes 1027C, 1026B, 1362A Goals: Exchange OsmoSamplers on 1026B, hydrostatic check and download pressure data from 1027C, sample fluids from 1362A Basket: ODI connector, fluid sampling (various)/in-line electrochemistry, MPS-MVBS, LVBS (?) –space available? Elevator: Deploy MGM elevator near 1362A Tasks: Dive on Hole 1027C Hydrostatic check (wait 30 minutes) Turn valve back to formation (wait 30 minutes) Download pressure data Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph Transit to 1026B Remove old OsmoSamplers Install new OsmoSamplers Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph Transit to 1362A Collect fluids from wellhead using LVBS, MVBS (one level, both levels?) Position and connect MGM elevator to 1362A deep bioline Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph

Dive 4

Location: Hole 1362A, 1362B


Goals: Open open fluid sampling lines to OsmoSamplers valves on 1362B, deploy flowmeter on 1362A, open fluid sampling lines to OsmoSamplers, confirm operation, download pressure data, wellhead sampling Basket: ODI connector, flowmeter Elevator: ??? Tasks: Dive on Hole 1362B Open sampling lines to OsmoSamplers on wellhead, confirm operation(?) Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph Transit to Hole 1362A Disconnect MGM elevator Release elevator to surface Deploy flowmeter on wellhead Open large diameter valve, initiate flow from deep interval Open sampling lines for OsmoSamplers on wellhead Deploy OS on flowmeter chimney Download pressure data Collect fluids from wellhead using MVBS (one level) Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph

Dive 5

Location: Hole 1301A and 1362B Goals: Open fluid sampling line(s) to OsmoSamplers, confirm operation, wellhead sampling Basket: fluid sampling (various)/in-line electrochemistry, MPS-MVBS, heat flow probe? Elevator: MGM elevator (check weather forecast, etc.) Tasks: Dive on 1362B Collect fluids from wellhead using LVBS, MVBS at 1362B Transit to 1301A Collect fluids from wellhead using LVBS, MVBS Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph Attach Otis tool to wellhead, pull out with Medea, recover with vehicle (return later to install plug)

Dive 6

Location: Hole 1301A and ??? Goals: Install plug in wellhead (sealing system for long term), and ??? Basket: Wellhead plug Elevator: ??? Tasks: Dive on 1301A Install plug in wellhead Fly around wellhead and shoot video, photograph


Complete primary objectives that could not be completed during earlier dives Complete subset of some secondary activities:

Final data download from 1027C, after initiation of new flow experiment? Test heat flow probe insertion frame? Short-term fluid sampling at 1362A?

Dive 7

Complete primary objectives that could not be completed during earlier dives Complete subset of these secondary activities: Test heat flow probe insertion frame Final data download from 1027C, after initiation of new flow experiment? Short-term fluid sampling at 1362A? Download pressure data at CORK in Hole 1024C and/or 1025C Mapping/sampling at Mama Bare, Papa Bare, or Zona Bare outcrops

IV. Education, Outreach and Communication

We have a variety of education, outreach, and communication (EOC) activities planned for

AT25-04, and a dedicated group of EOC specialists who will work with the rest of the shipboard

party on these activities. Overall, the EOC program will emphasize the nature and process of

science – how we ask questions, test ideas, gather data, problem-solve, circle back to new

questions and collaborate with both the local, on-board community of participants and the

broader science community at large – in the service of a transformative research agenda. The

EOC program will also help scientific and technical personnel to be more effective in engaging

and communicating with a diverse community of shore-based non-specialists. The AT25-04

EOC program is, in some ways, a longitudinal extension of earlier EOC efforts involving

education al personnel who have gone to sea during IODP expeditions, including the web-based

Adopt-A-Microbe program, and EOC work during and after AT18-07.

There is at least one key difference between EOC activities planned for AT25-04 and those

run on earlier expeditions: we plan to have a high-bandwidth "tele-presence" capability through

technical and personnel support being organized by the AT25-04 team, and experts/support staff

from WHOI, the Ocean Exploration Trust, and the Inner Space Center at URI.

The details of the EOC syllabus and operational plan are being defined, but are likely to

include:


• Live video broadcasts with camp, school, museum and other audiences. We will be setting up

scheduled events in advance, using a newly developed high-bandwidth system to hold live

web conferences that connect shipboard and shore-based personnel.

• Blogging about shipboard experiences. We will provide a blogging platform and assistance

in developing web materials, connecting to shore-based groups, responding to queries, etc.

• Preparing video and/or written scientist profiles and expedition updates. We will have a

professional videographer and videography teacher onboard, who will be working on

shooting and editing short videos during the expedition, and teaching EOC and other

personnel how to work with modern video production technology (cameras, editing software,

etc.) in addition to the basics of lighting, sound, and other aspects of media production.

• Developing classroom activities related to science and engineering goals and process. Our

EOC team includes both secondary school and museum educators, who will work on projects

to integrate topics and activities related to AT25-04 in their respective settings.

• Assisting shipboard staff with achievement of primary expedition objectives. There will be

an emphasis on both group activities and collaboration among the EOC team, and in

completion of projects that are defined individually and in consultation with subgroups of

scientific investigators. Our intention is to integrate EOC participants and contributing

members of the scientific enterprise.


V. Staffing, Logistics, Planning, and Safety

We anticipate sailing 24 scientific and education, outreach, and communication (EOC)

personnel, in addition to the regular WHOI technical support and Jason support teams. The

current staffing list is summarized in Table 5.

General information on WHOI Cruise Planning can be found here:

http://www.whoi.edu/main/cruise-planning

Information on the R/V Atlantis is available here:

http://www.whoi.edu/main/ships/atlantis

Information on the ROV Jason II is available here:

http://www.whoi.edu/ndsfVehicles/Jason/

Information for project co-PIs is available here:

http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=8218

Information for members of the science/EOC party is available here:


This is a set of information and forms (some of which are discussed below) that all expedition

participants should review and complete (as needed):


Hazardous materials

Anyone bringing hazardous materials must read this page and associated links, and fill out forms

as needed:

http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=8336#0

Radioisotopes

We don't plan to have any radioisotope work done during AT25-04.


All members of the AT25-04 shipboard party must have closed toed and closed backed shoes on

board the vessel. Open toed and open backed shoes are only allowed in cabins. Crocks, sandals,

and similar types of shoes are NOT considered closed toed and are NOT allowed on deck or in

the lab. Sneakers, boots, hiking and similar shoes are considered closed toed and allowed on

deck and in the lab. Steel-toed shoes are recommended when working on deck. If you will be

deploying instruments over the side, like moorings or large deployments, steel-toed shoes are

required.


Table 1. Primary work sites for Summer 2013 with the R/V Atlantis and the ROV Jason II on

AT25-04. Clearance is requested for 0.5 nmi around each CORK.

Location ID Latitude Longitude Water

depth (m)

Date

installed

Expedition installed

CORK 1026B 47°45.759'N 127°45.552'W 2658 1996/2004 Leg 168/Exp. 301

CORK 1027C 47°45.387'N 127°43.867'W 2656 1996/2011 Leg 168/AT18-07

CORK 1301A 47°45.209'N 127°45.833'W 2658 2004 Exp. 301

CORK 1301B 47°45.229'N 127°45.826'W 2658 2004 Exp. 301

CORK 1362A 47°45.662'N 127°45.674'W 2658 2010 Exp. 327

CORK 1362B 47°45.499'N 127°45.733'W 2658 2010 Exp. 327


Table 2. Summary of tasks to be completed at each of the primary CORKs in Summer 2013 with the

R/V Atlantis and the ROV Jason II on AT25-04. Location ID Exchange/

Recover OS 1 Active fluid/MBIO

sampling 2

Deploy/recover

flowmeter 3

Recover

GeoM sled 4

Download

P data 5

Recover

string 6

CORK 1026B Yes-E No? NA NA [Neptune] No

CORK 1027C NA No NA NA Yes No

CORK 1301A Yes-E Yes NA NA Yes Yes-R

CORK 1301B Yes-R? No NA NA Yes No

CORK 1362A Yes-E Yes Yes-D NA Yes No

CORK 1362B Yes-E Yes Yes-R Yes Yes No

NA = not applicable 1 OS = OsmoSampler. Several different kinds of OsmoSampler systems are to be deployed on and recovered from CORK wellheads (not from downhole). E = exchange. R = recover. 2 Active sampling means using mechanical pumps to draw fluids from wellheads, or sampling from direct flow from overpressured formations. 3 Flowmeter deployed on wellhead at Hole 1362B in Summer 2011, will be recovered and deployed at Hole 1362A. D = deploy. R = recover. 4 GeoMicrobiology sampling sled was left to draw fluids from CORK in Hole 1362B during AT18-07 in Summer 2011. 5 Pressure and temperature logging systems installed with CORK in Hole 1026B are currently being downloaded automatically with the Neptune Canada cabled network. Hole 1027C was retrofitted with a modern logger, using same ODI connector as other CORKs, during AT18-07 in Summer 2011. 6 String to be recovered from Hole 1301A was deployed in 2009, is ~275 m long and weighs ~400 lbs in air. Will be replaced with a top plug but no instrument string.


Table 3. Distances between CORK systems (in meters) located at the primary work sites for

Summer 2013 with the R/V Atlantis and the ROV Jason II on AT25-04. Hole 1026B Hole 1362A Hole 1362B Hole 1027C Hole 1301B Hole 1301A Hole 1026B 235 532 2199 1039 1076

Hole 1362A 235 311 2296 825 861

Hole 1362B 532 311 2322 514 550

Hole 1027C 2199 2296 2322 2446 2458

Hole 1301B 1039 825 514 2446 36

Hole 1301A 1076 861 550 2458 36


Table 4. Secondary work sites for Summer 2013 with the R/V Atlantis and the ROV Jason II on

AT25-04. Clearance sought in case all primary tasks are completed and time remains on the

schedule.

Location ID Latitude Longitude Water

depth (m)

Clearance

radius (nmi)

Mama Bare 47°50.0'N 127°45.0'W 2675-2530 2

Papa Bare 47°51.0'N 127°37.0'W 2665-2400 3

Zona Bare 48°11.0'N 127°33.0'W 2580-2500 2

ODP Hole 1024C 47°54.531'N 128°45.005'W 2612 1

ODP Hole 1025C 47° 53.247' N 128° 38.919' W 2606 1


Table 5. Anticipated scientific and EOC staffing for AT25-04 (as of 4/26/13). Open berths to be

filled by some combination of scientific, technical or EOC personnel. Number Last name First name Institution Role Email

1 Wheat C. Geoffrey UAF Scientist [email protected] 2 Fournier Trevor UAF Grad [email protected] 3 Skutnik John UAF Grad [email protected] 4 Hsieh Chih-Chiang

(Oliver) U Hawaii Scientist [email protected]

5 Jungbluth Sean U Hawaii Grad [email protected] 6 Bowers Robert U Hawaii Postdoc [email protected] 7 Yafuso Jannai U Hawaii Student [email protected] 8 Omori Everett U Hawaii Student [email protected] 9 Steward Grieg U Hawaii Scientist [email protected]

10 Nigro Olivia U Hawaii Postdoc [email protected] 11 Sturm Arne U Hawaii Postdoc [email protected] 12 Edwards Katrina USC Scientist [email protected] 13 TBN USC Grad/postdoc 14 Cooper Sharon Ocean Leadership EOC [email protected] 15 Strong Lisa Ocean Leadership EOC [email protected] 16 Neira Nicole UCSB Grad [email protected] 17 Vinas Keri U Miami Grad [email protected] 18 Fisher Andrew UCSC Scientist [email protected] 19 Lopez Jackie UCSC EOC (Grad) [email protected] 20 TBN UCSC EOC 21 Winslow Dustin UCSC Grad [email protected] 22 Orcutt Beth Bigelow Scientist [email protected] 23 TBN URI/OET EOC 24 Inderbitzen Katie UAF Postdoc [email protected]

AT25-04 prospectus, CORK servicing, Summer 2013 Figures, Page 1

Figure 1. Overview of cruise track for expedition AT25-04 with R/V Atlantis/ROV Jason II in Summer 2013. Initial and final port is the same: Seattle, WA. Expedition activities will focus on sites where long-term, subseafloor observatory systems (CORKs) were installed as part of Ocean Drilling Program and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program expeditions. Red box indicates area of Figure 2, showing work sites in greater detail.


Figure 2. Bathymetric map showing work area for AT25-04. The primary work sites are located near the center of the red box (shown in greater detail in Figure 3). These sites are: 1026, 1027, 1301, and 1362. All sites are located east of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, where volcanic rocks are covered by relatively thick accumulations of marine sediments, making the seafloor relatively flat in the AT25-04 work area. Also shown on this map are locations where volcanic rock outcrops penetrate sediment and are exposed at the seafloor. Three of these locations are secondary work sites, to be visited only if work is completed at the primary work sites and additional time remains on the schedule: Mama Bare, Papa Bare, and Zona Bare outcrops. In addition, there could be work at two CORKs closer to the ridge, in Holes 1024C and 1025C, as shown.


Figure 3. Detailed contour chart showing primary work area for AT25-04. All of these work sites are located within a few kilometers of each other, where the seafloor is relatively flat and comprises thick marine sediments over basement volcanic rocks. Gold contours show locations of small volcanic rock outcrops, as labeled.


Figure 4. Cartoon showing features of CORK systems deployed during IODP Expedition 327. Earlier CORKs have some of these characteristics, but Exp. 327 CORKs have additional features including: perforated and coated drill collars and casing at depth, two kinds of CORK and casing packers (inflatable and swellable), a casing seal between 10-3/4 inch and 16 inch casing strings, a tapered gravity plug for a top seal, and a free flow valve in the L-CORK wellhead. Additional features that Exp. 327 CORKs have in common with the last generation of CORKs deployed on IODP Expedition 301 include: main CORK seal in the throat of the reentry cone within 10¾ inch casing, primary CORK casing diameter of 4½ inches, up to eight fluid, microbiological, and pressure sampling lines, with ports and screens at various depths, and a mixture of fluid and microbiological sampling systems suspended on Spectra cable at depth. Temperatures are recorded with autonomous sensor and logging instruments incorporated into the fluid and microbiological samplers or hung independently from the Spectra cable. The CORK in Hole 1027C is from an earlier generation and lacks casing that extends into basement.


Figure 5. Images from AT18-07 in Summer 2011 showing manipulation of pressure measurement systems on CORK wellheads. A. Lifting the ODI underwater mateable connector to the data logger mounted on the CORK wellhead in Hole 1301A. B. Cleaning the ODI connector prior to data download at Hole 1362B. C. Downloading data from pressure logger in Hole 1362B. D. Placing data logger on ROV platform on CORK in Hole 1027C. This CORK has a pressure logger oriented horizontally rather than vertically.


Figure 6. Images from AT18-07 in Summer 2011 showing manipulation of OsmoSampling systems on CORK wellheads. A. OsmoSamplers deployed on the wellhead of the CORK in Hole 1026B. B. OsmoSamplers prior to recovery, Hole 1301A. C. New OsmoSamplers deployed on CORK in Hole 1301A. D. New style OsmoSamplers deployed in milk crates on CORK in Hole 1362A. Manipulator arm is reaching for handle of umbilical (white plastic). E. Final configuration of OsmoSamplers on CORK in Hole 1362A. F. OsmoSamplers being deployed in milk crate on CORK in Hole 1362B.


Figure 7. Images of selected fluid sampling activities during AT18-07 in Summer 2011. A. Running Large Volume Bag Sampler (LVBS) on elevator adjacent to U1301A. Note gas-tight sampler being deployed to left of LVBS. B. View of CORK and area around Hole U1301A just before release of elevator with LVBS. C. Picking up manifold inlet for LVBS positioned on elevator adjacent to Hole U1362B. D. Placing gas tight sampler inlet in gas trap connected to LVBS. E. Lifting a squeeze sampler to discharing flowmeter chimney on Hole U1362B. F. Final configuration of GeoMICROBE sled on Hole U1362B, with adapter for umbilical connected to lower most fitting. OsmoSampler crate visable to left, is sampling from top of flowmeter chimney.


Figure 8. Images from AT18-07 in Summer 2011 showing manipulation of flowmeter system deployed on CORK in Hole 1362B, and a modified system being prepared for AT25-04. A. Flowmeter component . A. Jason-II basket prior to dive, showing fluid sampling tools (left), OsmoSampler crates (center), and flowmeter (right). B. Lifting flowmeter from basket at U1362B. C. Shimmering water exiting flowmeter at top (inset shows LED during measurement). D. Squeeze sampler deployed at exit to flowmeter chimney at U1362B. Temperature logger mounted near top of chimney is visible below sampler. E. Attaching inlet to OsmoSamplers at top of chimney connected to flowmeter in Hole U1362B. F. New handle assembly attached to main flowmeter sensor system, being prepared for deployment on CORK in Hole 1362A in Summer 2013. This handle should improve deployment and recovery operations.

Documents

Scientific Prospectus for R/V Atlantis/ROV Jason II ...afisher/post/AT25-04/Prospectus/AT… · Scientific Prospectus for R/V Atlantis/ROV Jason II Expedition AT25-04: Hydrogeologic,