Science Heart

8/2/2019 Science Heart

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Unit 5a: Keeping Healthy

The Heart and

Lungs

Key Stage 2: Year 5 Scienceby Mrs. Chapman, 2005Greet School, Birmingham
http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/schemes2/science/sci5a/http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/schemes2/science/sci5a/


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Introduction

1 The human body

2 What does the heart do?

3 Heart key facts

4 Heart health

5 What do the lungs do?

6 Lungs key facts

7 The circulation

8 Pulse and exercise

9 Pulse rate data10 How do I look after them?

Heart and lungs quiz

Links for further study

Unit 5a Keeping Healthy: The Heart and Lungs Year 5 Science by Mrs. Chapman


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The human body Your body is very special.

We need to look after ourbodies to stay healthy.

Although we may look still andquiet on the outside, our bodyis constantly moving and

changing inside.

Can you find the brain, theheart and the lungs?

Back to Introduction


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What does the heart do?

Your heart, made ofmuscle, pumpsblood around your body via bloodvessels (tubes).

The heart is inside your chest,

protected by bones - the ribs andbreast bone.

When the heart pumps, it beats - wemeasure the heartbeat via the pulse

- easily found on your wrist andneck.

Blood carries oxygen to the parts ofthe body that need it.



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Heart key facts

Your heart is about the size of your fist. In most adults it beats about 70 times a

minute (70 bpm).

In children and small animals, the heart beatsfaster.

The first heart transplant was in 1967.

You cannot normally live for more than 5minutes if your heart stops beating.

Heart disease is the number 1 killer in the

western world! Doctors examine your heart by taking the pulse

(to see how fast its beating), ECGs (specialelectrical rhythm charts), x-rays and scansincluding ultrasound (like an unborn baby

scan).



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Heart health

Man having a chest x-ray

Heart on chest x-ray

ECG graph output

Ultrasound output



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What do the lungs do?

Your lungs receive the air you breathein through your nose.

When you breathe in, the lungs puff-out or inflate, and deflate when you

breathe out. From the air, they take the useful part

- oxygen (a gas), and convert it for usein the body via the bloodstream.

The blood swaps carbon dioxide (the

waste material) for oxygen in the lungs.This is why the lungs are often said toconvert gases.



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Lungs key facts

You have 2 lungs. Your lungs are protected by your

ribcage.

Close-up, they look like a wet sponge.

The left lung is smaller - toaccommodate your heart (see the x-rayshowing the heart).

Your lungs are particularly vulnerable to

breathing-in nasty substances - toxicchemicals, smoke from fires andcigarette smoke all damage your lungs.



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The circulation

Blood (with oxygen and nutrients)goes round our bodies via theheart. We call this circulation(from the word circle).

The heart sends blood to thelungs first to collect the oxygenfrom the air weve just breathed-in, then it goes to where itsneeded (this is shown in red).

The blood then returns to thelungs via the heart (this is shown inblue) with carbon dioxide - the gasthat we breathe out.

This is described as a figure of 8.Back to Introduction


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Pulse and exercise

When you exercise partsof your body need anincreased blood supply(more oxygen and

nutrients) so your heartbeats faster.

You also breathe faster -to get more oxygen intoyour lungs, and to get rid

of the carbon dioxide. You also get hot and

sometimes flushed (orred faced).

What parts of the bodyneed an increased bloodsupply when running?

Take your resting pulseand produce a bar chartof your groups results.

What is the mostcommon range for pulse?



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Pulse rate data

0 100 200

Rest

Jumping

After 1

min

After 2

min

Miss B

Mr A

Mrs C



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How do I look after them?

By doing exercise regularly:

our hearts get fitter andbigger - better at pumpingblood and not needing to work

so hard or fast. our lungs get stronger andhave increased capacity so weare able to take in moreoxygen in a single breath.

we will feel healthier.

How can we checkthat exercise is goodfor our hearts or

lungs? What else could we

check to see ifexercise is good for

us?



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Heart and Lungs Quiz

Are they True or False?

Your heart pumps blood around your body.

The heartbeat of smaller animals and children is slower than adultsor big animals.

Your blood carries carbon dioxide to all the parts that need it . Your lungs exchange gases.

Blood travels around the body in a figure of 8.

Your pulse tells you how much air you are breathing.

Athletes have a slower resting pulse than unfit people.

The ribs are bones that protect the heart and lungs.

Exercise and eating healthily are good for your heart.



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Heart and Lungs Quiz

Your heart pumps blood around your body. True

The heartbeat of smaller animals and children is slower than adults orbig animals.

False the smaller the animal the faster the heartbeat.

Your blood carries carbon dioxide to all the parts that need it .

False

the blood carries oxygen to all the parts that need it. Your lungs exchange gases.

True

Blood travels around the body in a figure of 8. True

Your pulse tells you how much air you are breathing.

False

pulse tells us how fast your heart is beating. Athletes have a slower resting pulse than unfit people.

True

The ribs are bones that protect the heart and lungs. True

Exercise and eating healthily are good for your heart.

True Back to Introduction


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Useful links for further study

http://www.schoolscience.co.uk/content/4/biology/abpi/heart/index.html

http://www.schoolscience.co.uk/content/4/biology/abpi/heart/index.htmlhttp://www.schoolscience.co.uk/content/4/biology/abpi/heart/index.html

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