Science 8 – Mix & Flow of Matter

October 14, 2014

So far…..- Fluids – anything that ___________ and comes to rest with a ___________ surface.

- WHMIS symbols – recognize them and more importantly know what to do to keep yourself safe when you see one

- Classification of Matter into: Mixtures and Pure Substances and then more classification of mixtures into heterogeneous and homogeneous and pure substances into elements and compounds.

- The ones that are hardest to tell apart are: _______________________ from _______________________.

- _____________________ have definite properties that don’t change unless the substance is not pure. Ex. Water boils at exactly 100°C at sea level and it freezes at 0°C or it is NOT pure water – it has something else in it.

- Solubility – If something dissolves in water it is _________________ in water. If I wanted to dissolve a pill in water for a child to drink the fastest way to do it would be to: (3 ways)__________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

- Solutions can be described as:- ___________ ____________ - more solute can be dissolved in the solvent- _______________________ - the maximum amount of solute is dissolved at a specific temperature- _______________________ - an extra amount is dissolved in the solvent by manipulating conditions such as pressure or

temperature – Ex. Carbon dioxide in pop – it is dissolved or forced in under pressure

- Particle Theory of Matter – there are _______ points that are part of this model and it explains how substances in our world behave:

- Ex. Why air works in bike tires _________________________________

- Why some substances are able to be dissolved in water or other solvents and some can’t ___________________________

- Why hot molasses will flow faster than cold molasses ______________________________________

- Flow Rate of fluids – refers to how fast they flow. Units can be ___________ or ___________.

- The higher the flow rate of a fluid the __________________ its viscosity.

- Viscosity is a fluids _____________________ to flow.

- The higher the temperature of a fluid the _________________ the flow rate and _________________ the viscosity.

New Outcomes:1) Describe examples in which materials are prepared as fluids in order to facilitate transport, processing or use.As you watch the videos complete the chart below:

Video – Title What I Learned About Oil Processing What is the bias of the video? Promotion of Tar Sands, Discouraging Tar Sand Development or neither.

Can you think of any other examples where fluids are manipulated for processing or human use???- Ex. Tooth mold for retainers, braces

VISCOSITYMost oils on the shelves today are "Multigrades", which simply means that the oil falls into 2 viscosity grades (i.e. 10w-40 etc)Multigrades were first developed some 50 years ago to avoid the old routine of using a thinner oil in winter and a thicker oil in summer.In a 10w-40 for example the 10w bit (W = winter, not weight or watt or anything else for that matter) simply means that the oil must have a certain maximum viscosity/flow at low temperature. The lower the "W" number the better the oil's cold temperature/cold start performance.The 40 in a 10w-40 simply means that the oil must fall within certain viscosity limits at 100°C. This is a fixed limit and all oils that end in 40 must achieve these limits. Once again the lower the number, the thinner the oil: a 30 oil is thinner than a 40 oil at 100°C etc. Your handbook will specify whether a 30, 40 or 50 etc is required.

Flow Rate Lab – Discuss Results

2) Observe the mass and volume of a liquid and calculate its density using the formula Density determines flow rate and is related to viscosity – it refers to how many particles you have in a specific volume (space) of liquid.

Carefully measure exactly 50.0mL of each of the following liquids into a 50 mL graduated cylinder and then take the mass of the cylinder and liquid. Complete the chart below and remember to start the activity by taking the mass of the empty cylinder so you can subtract it to obtain the mass of the liquid only!

If you were to pour all three of these liquids together into a beaker sketch how they would layer out (you want to pour carefully to avoid them mixing):

Liquid Volume Mass (remember to subtract cylinder)

Density

Water 50.0 mL

Alcohol 50.0 mL

Vegetable Oil 50.0 mL

Assignment:Read topic 5 in textbook – pages 50 – 58Once you are done reading this topic you can do the Find Out Activity on page 58 – What is the Density of a Pencil?

Complete the activity and show calculations below:

Answer question 1 – (What did you find out) and do the extension and show work below for your object.

Complete question 4 on page 58 – Copy and complete the chart below.