SCIENCENEWv SERIES St 'L- RIP'SION .OO

VO.10,No. 2638 FRIDAY, -JULY 20 , 194,5S)oy (m~or102,lO ;:( IDX. II _ ..)SINGLE, (OPMSS, .1;

The l1arge Littrow Spectrograph pro ides the means

for a quick and accurate analysis of v arious substances.Iii clieniistry, this Bausch & Lomb instriumet, whbiChis all exlmple of extremne precision ill optical miiauLtifac-ture, speeds research, control and analysis. Pretl cren..erating desirable for prompt delivery. Baiusch &L&umbOptical Co., Rochester 2, N. Y.

I.,

P u b 1 is It c (1 ic c c I; 1 . i bib t It c A m ( r i c (1 n A s ,. f) c i (1 1 i ( n'for flico'f Scicm.c (itpa.1,1,tltcl.(,(1 as Jill/ 18, (it th( Post W O(.c (it Pu.' th( Act of

2 CEC-DETSEETO.12 N. 23

THE CARV.ER

LABORATORY

PRESS

Original in design, built on experience, the

Carver Press is a time-proved aid in labora-

tory research and development work. Press-

ing capacity is 20,000 lbs., 160 times its weight

of 125 lbs. Equipped with large accurate

gauge of finest construction, rigidly mounted

on base. Special gauges are available for low

pressure work. Carver Press accessories in-

clude electric and steam hot plates and test

cylinders or molds. 'Additional interchange-

able equipment includes bearing plates, cage

and filtering equipment, etc. The press and

various of the accessories are patented. Send

for latest catalog which gives full details, ap-

plications and prices.

Prompt Deliveries

FRED S. CARVER

HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT

341 HUDSON ST. NEW YORK

STANDARD AND ANGLE HEADCENTRIFUGES

fety-Head Centrifuge

This centrifuge haa tubes suspended at a fixed 52-angle-thus faster sedimentation..is achieved by theshorter distance particles are required to travel ...creating mass, and reaching the bottom more quickly.Speeds up to 5000 R.P.M. on D.C. and 4200 R.P.M.on A.C.

JARRELL-ASH COMPANYManufacturers-Importerp-Dealers

1$ Newbury Street Boston 16, Mass

SARCEAU ELECTROENCEPHALG0RAPHSA.C. Operated No Batteries

Inkless Writing Require no ShieldingShipped Ready to Run Prompt Delivery

THE JUNIOR GAECEAUELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH

A simplified inexpensive instrumet for recording electricalpotentials of the brain. Built-in interference eliminatorspeit use anywhere. Inkless records-no photoraphyor film-development required. Instantaneous localisatonwith any 2 of the 10 leads.All Garoeau Blectroenoephalographs operate c-tirely from the -115 volts, 50 or 60 oyole power liU .

ELECTRO-KEDICAL LABORATORY, INC.HOLLISTON, MASSACHUSETTS, U. S A.

2 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 102, No. 2638

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 3

a s9 microslide filing cabinet offering_ was ,45 greatercapacity

at amaingly low costoThis new "LAB-AID cabinet is the ultimate solu-tion to the filing problems encountered in thelaboratory. It is of welded-steel, fire-resistant con-struction throughout. Files 3"x 1" or 3"x2" micro-slides, 2"x2" transparencies, large lantern slides,index cards, even paraffin blocks ... in single-rowdrawers, all fitting interchangeably into a smooth-tracking master drawer-rail system. Unit-sections,assembled in any combination, can be used singly,or stacked to any convenient height. With all theseadvantages, the cost-per-slide capacity in the"LAB-AID" cabinet is the lowest ever. Investigatethis remarkable equipment . . . the coupon willbring details.

the new steel _

laboratoy filing cabinetA single "LAB-AID" unit-section. Anycombination of drawers can be supplied.

s ;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~hh-TecbninnCmpa_Pl-1East e4n9eSdet - nei y LA- AID - ro

He~~~~~~~~~~~~~ew000York 51, N. Y. -a 50 +0 0f--

By merely dropping in a pat-ented "LAB-AID"slotted liner,________________________any drawer is converted fromstorage filing to individual-slide filing, or vice-versa.

THE t COMPANY

4

JULY 20, 1945

4 SCEC-DERIEET VO.1YN.23

IN i663 when he was only 24, James

Gregory, Scottish mathematician and as-

tronomer, published his treatise Optica Pro-mota, an optically.accurate account of mir-rors and lenses beginning with the re-

discovery of the sine-law of Snellius andDescartes which Gregory supported first bymathematical argument and next by carefulexperiments, followed by an account of a

reflecting telescope.But, he had no means of constructing such

an instrument.In London where he went in hopes of find-

ing an optician capable of making his tele-scope, Gregory met Collins-'and Hooke whoput him in touchwith a celebrated craftsman,Reive. An attemp.twasmade butthe resultingmirrors were a failure and the project was

abandoned. Later, Hookte succeeded and inI674 presented the first.Gregorian telescopeto the Royal Society..

If Gregory had been looking for someone

to construct his telescope today, he mightwell have taken his project to Perkin-Elmer.

For it has been the privilege of Perkin-Elmerto collaborate in the invention, construction,and improvement of many optical instru-ments and elements. Perkin-Elmer scientistsandcengineers have been working successfullywith leaders of Industry, Education, and theArmed Forces to make possible the mass

production of instruments of even greateraccuracy for war-time and post-war in-dustrial analysis, control, inspection, -andobservation.

WHAT PERKIN-ELMER MAKESPerkin-Elmer serves the optical sciences that

broaden man's horizons by supplying themwith:

Custom-built optical instruments for in-dustrial analysis, control and inspection.New optical devices to solve specific prob-

lems, such as the all-purpose infraredspectrometer.

Special elements such as fine lenses, prisms,flats, photographic objectives, interferom-eter plates, retardation plates, Cornu prisms,Rochon prisms, Nicol prisms.

__ S

* a

VOL. 102, No. 26384 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

ADAMS SLIDE CABINETSfor 3x1" Microscope Slides

Adams Microscope Slide Cabinets have a capac-ity of 2,760 3 'X 1" microscope slides. They areattractive natural grained, light oak stained ply-wood, 14' wide by 19j" high by 22' deep. Theyhave 8 drawers-each drawer holds 345 31 1"microscope slides in three rows of numbered slotsgiving a total cabinet capacity of 2,760 slides.Adams Microscope Slide Cabinets can be-nestedinterchangeably with Adams Kodachrome SlideCabinets.

A-1680 Adams Microscope Slide Cabinet.Each $75.00 A-1680 for 2sl"Mxicro .Ud_

for 2x2" Kodachrome SlidesAdams Kodachrome Slide Cabinets have a capac-ity of from 2,000 to 6,000 212" Kodachromeslides, depending on whether indivi&ual separa-tors or group separators are used and ' methodof binding. Kodachrome Slide Cabinets havethe same outside dimensions as the roscopeSlide Cabinets, but have 10 drawers. Eachdrawer has two columns of numbered slots.Where individual partitions are wanted, smalcardboard rectangles the same height as the slots.are used. Where group dividers are wanted thered fibre dividers with labels are used. In theillustration note that group dividers or indi-vidual partitions can be used interchangeably asthe need demands.Adams Kodachrome Slide Cabinets can be sup-plied with an illuminating view box drawer withdiffusion glass (A-1676) in place of one drawer.Drawer has on and-off switch on the front panel

1-A-1676 for2*e81BOX. i and space inside for the cord and plug.

A-1675 Adams Kodachrome Slide Cabinet complete with 10 drawers, 150 Red FibreDividers (A-1677) and labels, and 1,000 Cardboard Partitions (A-1678).

Each $70.00A-1676 Same as above, but with View Box Drawer in place of one file drawer.

Each $75.00For other Slide Boxes see our Catalog 103, pages 27 and following.

CLAY-ADAMS CoWINm

m

JULY 20, 1945 -5

6.CEC-DERIEET O. 0,N.23

]Filter Papers that are Chosenby Test after Test

Many laboratories choose their Filter -. .,Papers very carefully, particularlythose in which thousands of analysesare made monthly. Exhaustive tests at pAPVare often used to determine which Aft 04;

grade of paper is best adapted to =Aeach filtration.

In many cases, they must reportresults, unbelievably accurate results,in what seems to the uninitiated an E

impossibly short time.4, ~~~~~~~rn

It is significant that so many ofthese super-laboratories use WHAT- -EMAN Filter Papers. Long experi t-__ence has taught these hard-working _chemists and technicians that they arereliably uniform, efficient and im-mediately available.

Whether you make a dozen or a

thousand filtrations a month, you will Vfind it an advantage to use WHAT-MAN Filter Papers.

We stock all types of WHATMANFilter Papers.

t%

I_ ORATOTOR

1Y 735 NORTH ASHLAND AVENUECHICAC) APPARATU C )NDANYCHICAGO 22, ILLINOIS

t AND 4AP;

6 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 102, No. 2638

p- ml1Q

11

1.A.

C#41)cll>

VITAMIN TESTCASEIN

IN VITAMIN EXPERIMENTATION the

type of protein used may well bethe most important dietary factor.When Vitamin Test Casein GBIis the protein of choice in the de-ficiency diet, uniform and consist-ent depletion oftest animals occurswell within the required time in-terval specified by the U.S.P. orother standard test methods.Vitamin Test Casein GBI is pre-

pared by a special hot alcohol ex-traction method, which removesnot only the fat soluble but thewater soluble vitamins as well. Itis therefore free of vitamins A andD as well as the known factors ofthe B complex and vitamin K.

Vitamin Test Casein GBI issupplied in: 1 lb. bottles, 5 lb.,25 lb., and 100 lb. fiber drums.

PROMPT DELIVERY

GENERAL BIOCHEMICALS, INC.DIVISION WYETH INCORPORATED

LABORATORY PARK, CHAGRIN FALLS, OHIO

[_ ,~

8 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 102, No. 2638

WELCH METERS

D. C. PANEL INSTRUMENTSAccuracy 2% of Full Scale

FEATURES* Alnico Magnets* Sapphire Jewel Bearings* Selected Steel Pivots* Fume-proof White Metal Scales* Extremely Rigid Mounting

MODEL NO. 850

CASES Molded Bakelite for Flush Mounting

MODEL NO. 451

MODEL NO. 351

MODELS

350-3% inch round-2.4 Inch scale351-3 inch square-2.4 Inch scale451-41/ inch rectangular-3.5 Inch scale

TYPES

Microammeters 0-20 up to 0-500

Milliammeters 0-1 up to 0-500Ammeters 0-1 up to 0-30Voltmeters, various ranges, 100 to 50,000 ohms per voltZero Center AmmetersDB MetersRectifier InstrumentsThermocouple MetersSpecial Scaled Meters

PRICES $9.00 to $26.00.

THE PRODUCT OF MORE THAN 50 YEARS EXPERIENCEIN BUILDING HIGH GRADE INSTRUMENTS

W. M. WELCH SCIENTIFIC COMPANYEstablished 1880

1517 Sedgwick Street Chicago 10, Illinois, U. S. A.

8 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 102, No. 2638

SCIENCEVOL. 102 FRIDAY, JULY 20, 1945 No. 2638

The Renal Regulation of Acid Base Balance with Sodium Monofluoracetate upon Physarella OblongaSpecial Reference to the Mechanism for Acidifying Morgan: DR. CYRIL E. ABBOTT. Relationship be-the Urine: DR. ROBERT F. PITTS .49 tween Pathogenicity and pH Tolerance of Micro-

organisms: DR. HOBART A. REIMANN. Sleeve Stop-Obituary: pers in Closed Systems: DR. F. H. MCCUTCHEoN 69

George Lees Taylor: DR. A. S. WIENER. RecentDeaths.55 Societies and Meetings:Deathsl..................................................................................................................

5

Scientific Events: Annual Meeting of the Royal Society of Canada:The Office of War Information; The American PROFESsoR G. H. ETTINGER.72Congress on Surveying and Mapping; The Amer- Scientific Books:ican Standards Association; The British Guiana Climate and Human Health: PRoFESsoR H. C.Natural History Museum; News of European In- BAZETT. 'Amino Acids and Proteins: DR. HANSvestigators; Anniversary of the Academy of Sci- T. CLARE. Books Received ........ ................. 74encesof (he Soviet Union .................. ..................... 56 Science News.10

Scientific Notes and News ..............58........ .......................... 58

Special Articl~es:Tsutsugamushi Disease in New Guinea: DR FRAN- SCIENCE: A Weekly Journal, since 1900 the officialcis G. BLAKEn, DR. KENNETH F. MAXCY, COLONEL organ of the American Association for the AdvancementOSEH F. SA DR.SKE H

JR., F.oGLENM.ICOLONEL of Science. Published by the American Association forJOSEPH F. SADUSK, JR., MAJOR GLEN M. KOHLS the Advancement of Science every Friday at Lancaster,and CAPTAIN E. JOHN BELL. Agglutination of Pennsylvania.Staphylococcus Aureus: DR. EDWARD W. SHRIGLEY.An Antigen-Antibody Reaction with Tetrahymena: Editors: JOSEPHINE OWEN CATTELL and JAQUESPROFESSOR JAMES A. HARRISON and ELIZABETH H. CATTELL.FOWLER. Oral Administration of Penicillin: DR. Policy Committee: MALCOLM H. SoULE, ROGER ADAMSD. PERLSTEIN, R. G. KLUENER and A. J. LIEBMANN 61 and WALTER R. MILES.

Scientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods: Advertising Manager: THO. J. CHRISTENSEN.Compounds for Control of Orange Decays: DR. J. Communications relative to articles offered for publicationF. L. CHILDS and DR. E. A. SIEGLER. The Elec- should be addressed to Editors of Science, 1215 Fifth Avenue,tronic -Blanching of Vegetables: DR. JAMES C. New York 29, N. YM B~and Pi? sof.VegalMeR S ..............................68 C.Communications relative to advertising should be addressedMOYER and PROFESSOR ELMKER STOTZ ................... 68 to THEO. CERISTENsEN, Advertising Manager, Smithsonian

Institution Building, Washington 25, D. C.Discussion., Communications relative to membership in the AssociationFagarine, a Possible Substitute for Quinidine: and to all matters of business of the Association should bePROFESSOR VENANCIO DEULOFEU, RAFAEL LABRIOLA, addressed to the Permanent Secretary, A.A.A.S., SmithsonianOSCAR ORfAS E. MOISSET DE EsPANtS and AL- Institution Building, Washington 25, D. C.BERTo TAQUINI. The Effects of DDT and of Annual subscription, $6.00 Single copies, 15 cents

THE RENAL REGULATION OF ACID BASE BALANCEWITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE MECHANISM

FOR ACIDIFYING THE URINE'By Dr. ROBERT F. PITTS

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY, CORNELL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE

LARGE quantities of acid are continuously producedin the body by the metabolism of the various food-.stuffs, yet in health the hydrogen ion concentration

of the, body fluids is maintained remarkably constant.

This regulation of balance between the acidic and

basic constituents of the body fluids is dependentupon both respiratory and renal homeostatic mecha-

nisms. In a quantitative sense the rate of productionof carbonic acid, amounting to about 20 mols per

1 Presented as an Abraham Flexner Lecture at Vander-bilt University School of Medicine on April 20, 1945, and

as a Lecture in Medicine at the University of Utah School

of Medicine on May 18, 1945.

day, far exceeds the rate of production of othermetabolic acids. But because of the volatility of itsanhydride, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid is readilyand rapidly eliminated by the lungs. Less than oneone-hundredth of this quantity of phosphoric andsulfuric acid is produced each day, yet the excretionof these acids, which is effected largely by the kid-neys, is in some ways a greater problem than is theexcretion of the much larger quantities of carbonicacid. Rarely does any disease process lead to a dis-turbance of acid base balance because it interfereswith the elimination of carbon dioxide in the lungs.